EP2858891A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant de soulever un objet du fond marin - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant de soulever un objet du fond marin

Info

Publication number
EP2858891A1
EP2858891A1 EP13726120.2A EP13726120A EP2858891A1 EP 2858891 A1 EP2858891 A1 EP 2858891A1 EP 13726120 A EP13726120 A EP 13726120A EP 2858891 A1 EP2858891 A1 EP 2858891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balloon
buoyancy
movement
seabed
buoyant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13726120.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter R. FUHR
Heiko Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP2858891A1 publication Critical patent/EP2858891A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F19/00—Hoisting, lifting, hauling or pushing, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/06—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/06—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects
    • B63C7/10—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects using inflatable floats external to vessels or objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for lifting at least one object from the seabed, in particular for the transport of mineral resources, such. As manganese nodules or other metal-containing bodies, or other loads such. B. wrecks, from the seabed to the sea surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for lifting min ⁇ least 'of an object from the seabed. Applications of the invention are, for. For example, in the case of undersea mining of mineral resources or in the recovery of objects from the seabed.
  • mineral raw materials are found on the seabed as mineral resources in loose rocks (eg manganese nodules, phosphorite, mineral soaps). It is known as playing at ⁇ that in the deep sea turn dissolved substances in the form of metal conglomerates due to the gegebe ⁇ nen pressure-temperature conditions. It form z. B. Me ⁇ tallknollen or metallic surface coatings on mineralization len of metals or metal compounds, such. As manganese, cobalt and other materials. Seabeds with such deposits of precipitated metals or metal compounds, for example in the Pacific, form ore deposits of great economic importance.
  • a problem of recovering large loads from the deep sea is in particular that a buoyancy is difficult to achieve.
  • the objects of the invention are an improved method and an improved device for lifting at least one object from the seabed, in particular for the transport of mineral resources or other loads from the seabed to the sea surface to avoid the disadvantages of conventional techniques.
  • the invention should in particular allow objects with large masses, such. As raw materials, low-damage from the seabed, environmentally friendly and / or energy efficient transport towards the sea surface.
  • the invention is based on the general technical teaching to provide a method for lifting at least one object from the seabed, in which the at least one object is connected to a buoyancy balloon and a buoyancy movement of the buoyancy balloon is carried out with the object.
  • the buoyancy balloon is filled with a buoyancy fluid.
  • the temperature of the buoyant liquid in the buoyant balloon is higher than the temperature of the seawater surrounding the buoyant balloon.
  • the buoyancy fluid is generally a fluid having a density that is less than or equal to the density of water, especially seawater.
  • the mass density of the buoyant liquid is z. B.
  • the buoyancy liquid comprises z.
  • the buoyancy liquid comprises z.
  • the invention makes it possible to produce large masses in the ton range, in particular up to 1 t or more, for. B. 5 t or 10 t or more to lift from the seabed.
  • the water when it is used in the lift ⁇ balloon as buoyancy liquid the available on Meeresbo ⁇ and need not be transported as in conventional buoyancy bodies to the sea floor.
  • a heated liquid hydrocarbon compound means that it must be transported in the buoyancy balloon to the seabed.
  • gasoline for buoyancy there are advantages from an increased buoyancy force or from the possibility of using a buoyancy balloon with a reduced volume.
  • the invention is based on the general technical teaching to provide a balloon device which is configured for lifting at least one object from the seabed and comprises a buoyancy balloon with a balloon envelope (balloon skin), the interior of which is filled with a buoyancy fluid, and a holding device, with which the at least one object with the buoyancy balloon can be coupled.
  • the launching balloon is adapted to receive the buoyant liquid at an elevated temperature above the temperature of seawater surrounding the buoyant balloon.
  • the balloon shell has such a low thermal conductivity that the buoyancy fluid in the buoyancy balloon can be maintained at the elevated temperature.
  • the thermal conductivity is selected so that the on ⁇ operating liquid can be maintained in the buoyancy balloon at the elevated temperature for a time interval that is necessary for egg ⁇ ne buoyancy uplift of the balloon device for Meeresoberflä ⁇ surface.
  • the balloon device according to the invention is an underwater vehicle carried by the static buoyancy of the heated buoyancy fluid in the buoyancy balloon.
  • the buoyancy balloon is for receiving z.
  • water is most preferably used as buoyancy fluid.
  • the term “water” refers to any liquid that contains chemically pure water and possibly dissolved substances.
  • the water may be salty, especially chemically identical to seawater, or may include underground soil water.
  • a liquid hydrocarbon compound is used as the buoyant liquid.
  • liquid hydrocarbon compound is meant any organic liquid which has a lower density than seawater in the deep sea, such as e.g. As ethanol, gasoline, light oils.
  • the buoyancy balloon is typically provided directly on the seabed, wherein the buoyancy balloon is already filled or filled with the buoyant fluid of elevated temperature, and moved in the direction of the sea surface.
  • the phrase "from the seabed” is also an application of the invention comprises, in which the object to be lifted is not directly on the seabed, but z. B. due to the salvage technique used, at a certain height, z. B. on a platform, is positioned over the seabed.
  • the at least one object is raised (lifted) from the seabed towards the sea surface.
  • the transport typically leads to the sea surface, where the at least one object is taken over into a ship. Alternatively, the transport may alternatively lead to a position below the sea surface. ren, z. B. to a submarine transporter or another position on the seabed.
  • the invention is suitable for the transport of various types of objects, generally comprising solids.
  • the at least one object comprises a container, such.
  • a container such as a network or cage, with a variety of commodity bodies, such as. B. metal tubers.
  • the invention allows selectively accommodated metal tubers environmentally friendly and possibly even without the use of external energy sources on a ton scale from the deep sea to the sea surface to transport and salvage on the high seas by ships.
  • Another advantage is that this process is freely repeatable and can be executed accurately and with a minimum of additional components on the seabed. Both the fauna on site and the overlying water volumes are not or only slightly by the
  • the temperature of the buoyancy liquid can be chosen depending on the specific application conditions of the invention, in particular ⁇ sondere the mass of the object to be transported and the duration of transport. Advantages for a high buoyancy force and the stable maintenance of the liquid state of the buoyancy liquid, in particular of the water in the buoyancy balloon arise when the temperature of the buoyant liquid in the buoyancy balloon at the beginning of the buoyancy at least 80 ° C, especially at least 100 ° C and / or at most 350 ° C, in particular at most 300 ° C.
  • the buoyant liquid comprises water, which is filled at elevated temperature from a natural reservoir in the buoyancy balloon.
  • the buoyant liquid comprises water, which is filled at elevated temperature from a natural reservoir in the buoyancy balloon.
  • the buoyancy balloon optionally through conduit means, whereby the buoyancy balloon can deploy over or near the hot spring. If such hot water sources are not available, a hot water well can be artificially generated by deep drilling on the ocean floor using known geothermal methods.
  • water is thus directed from a subsea well and / or a subsea well through the feed orifice into the interior of the buoyant balloon.
  • These embodiments have the important advantage that water in natural reservoirs already at an elevated temperature, for. B. is present in the above areas.
  • the geothermal heat can be used as a natural energy reservoir for transport.
  • the balloon shell preferably has a 29dale ⁇ bare supply port through which the buoyancy balloon is filled with the buoyant liquid.
  • the feed opening has a size such that the Be Shel ⁇ development of the buoyant balloon may take place within a time interval which is negligibly small compared to the duration of a temperature compensation with the surrounding sea water with the use of water.
  • the feed opening may be smaller in size.
  • the feed opening is preferably closed, but this closure need not be completely watertight.
  • the closure is designed in such a way that no direct heat exchange of the cold ambient water (temperature eg -1 to + 5 ° C) with the hot buoyant liquid takes place at the feed opening.
  • the buoyancy balloon is closed on all sides during the buoyancy movement.
  • the feed opening is blocked in particular so that a liquid exchange between the interior of the buoyancy balloon and the environment is prevented or negligible.
  • this prevents heat dissipation by convection.
  • the balloon envelope comprises a flexible and foldable material.
  • the feed opening may include an opening directly in the balloon envelope.
  • the thickness of the balloon envelope of the buoyancy balloon used in the present invention is not a critical size.
  • the balloon envelope, a layer composite material, possibly with structural elements such as ribs or Stiffeners include.
  • the balloon envelope can z.
  • the layered composite material can be formed of several layers, each with different functions.
  • one layer may comprise a waterproof material, while another layer may comprise a thermally insulating material, for example.
  • Layer be made of thermally insulating material.
  • the buoyancy of the balloon device depends on buoyancy balloon state variables that include the buoyancy fluid temperature inside the buoyancy balloon at the beginning of the buoyancy, the seawater temperature on the buoyancy balloon outside at the beginning of the buoyancy, the volume of the buoyancy balloon, and the thermal conductivity of the balloon shell.
  • the invention makes it possible to specifically predetermine the carrying capacity of the balloon device by setting at least one of the stated state variables.
  • state variables of the buoyancy balloon Due to the particular pressure-temperature conditions in the deep sea and along the ascent to the sea surface, state variables of the buoyancy balloon can be adjusted so that the buoyancy fluid in the buoyancy balloon during the buoyancy movement assumes different states.
  • state variables, in particular the thermal conductivity of the balloon envelope are selected such that during the buoyant movement part of the buoyant liquid in the buoyancy balloon is converted into steam, in particular water vapor.
  • This conversion is achieved by using a balloon envelope with a low thermal conductivity (high isolation capability) such that the temperature of the buoyant liquid in the buoyancy balloon exceeds the boiling point with decreasing hydrostatic pressure of the surrounding seawater.
  • the steam can be used to accelerate the buoyancy movement.
  • the buoyancy balloon may additionally inflate, at least in a partial region of the balloon envelope, so that its volume increases.
  • the buoyancy balloon in particular the heat conductivity of the balloon envelope, in such a way that vapor formation is prevented.
  • This variant of the invention is made possible by the balloon shell having a thermal conductivity which is selected so that the cooling of the buoyant liquid in the buoyancy balloon on the way to the sea surface takes place so that the boiling point of the buoyant liquid constantly falls below.
  • the buoyancy fluid in the buoyancy balloon during the buoyancy movement remains completely in the liquid state.
  • the buoyancy force is directed opposite to the gravitational force. Therefore, the buoyancy balloon inherently moves in the vertical direction toward the sea surface. However, since currents occur in the sea, the buoyancy balloon could be driven off during the buoyancy movement.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention may be provided to connect the buoyancy balloon with the at least one object with a guide device extending from the seabed to a predetermined position on the sea surface, for. B. extends to a ship.
  • the guide device can, for.
  • a rope sen which is located between the seabed and the sea surface. It is not mandatory that the rope is straightened. A curvature, z. B. depending on currents at different depths, is possible.
  • the guide means may be arranged for guiding the balloon device in a sinking movement towards the seabed.
  • the lifting of the at least one object from the seabed takes place according to the following steps, especially when water is used as buoyant liquid.
  • the z. B. is sold by a ship in the sea.
  • the fle ⁇ ible balloon envelope of the balloon lift is empty and preferably folded.
  • the balloon device is preferably equipped with a ballast body.
  • the ballast body has advantages in terms of sub ⁇ support the sinking motion in the deep sea, and localize ⁇ tion of the buoyant balloons on the seabed.
  • the buoyancy balloon After reaching the seafloor, the buoyancy balloon is positioned so that the feed opening faces the seabed.
  • the positioning is advantageously carried out at a location where the buoyancy balloon can be filled with water from a natural reservoir of elevated temperature and to which the at least one object to be lifted, such. B. raw material body, possibly in a container, is collected.
  • the at least one object to be lifted is coupled to the buoyancy ⁇ balloon.
  • the holding means of the balloon means comprises cables which are ge ⁇ swallowed up by the buoyancy of the balloon.
  • coupling is the at least one Object directly or container connected to the object with the ropes.
  • the buoyancy balloon is filled with water whose temperature is higher than the temperature of the surrounding
  • the buoyancy balloon inflates and takes a shape corresponding to the shape of the balloon envelope, z. B. ei ⁇ ne spherical shape.
  • the buoyancy balloon performs an initial climb.
  • the feed opening is closed using the ropes for coupling the at least one object.
  • the further ascending movement of the buoyancy balloon with the at least one object takes place towards the sea surface.
  • a gradual cooling of the water takes place in the buoyancy balloon.
  • the speed of the climbing movement can be reduced.
  • the rising movement is continued up to the sea surface.
  • the buoyancy balloon is equipped with a valve means from ⁇ .
  • the valve means is connected to the balloon envelope to derive resulting What residual gases or ⁇ serdampf from the interior of the balloon buoyancy in the order ⁇ ordinate.
  • advantages for the positioning and alignment of the balloon assembly to the seabed achieved ⁇ the, if this is provided with a buoyant body with which the buoyancy of the balloon and its components, but at least one object can be held in a floating state without. Furthermore, it is possible to equip the balloon device with steering bodies, which advantageously have a hydrodynamic effect during the sinking movement of the balloon device. With the steering bodies it is achieved that the buoyancy balloon is tightened in the folded state during the sinking movement.
  • buoyancy balloon If the buoyancy balloon is inflated, the transport containers with the corresponding metal conglomerates are attached in a suitable manner and the anchoring of the buoyancy balloon to the ground is released. The buoyancy balloon now rises with its load to the surface, where it can be completely recovered from a ship, freed of its load and shipped again in the folded state with a weight shipping hen hen in the depth.
  • the invention relies in particular on contact ei ⁇ NEN thermally insulated viable buoyancy balloon to comparable which is filled in the deep sea through hot springs or attached to certain points bore for obtaining HEATER ⁇ th water with this, so that in the buoyancy balloon a volume of water at a significantly higher temperature compared to the environment. In the deep sea, the temperature difference of the
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are graphs illustrating thermodynamic conditions in the deep sea; a schematic illustration of Sinkbewe movement and positioning of the balloon device according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematic illustrations of the filling and loading of the balloon device according to the invention
  • FIGS 6 to 8 schematic illustrations of the Auftriebsbe movement of the balloon device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows schematic illustrations of preferred variants of the material of the balloon envelope of a buoyancy balloon used according to the invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of the invention in which water vapor is released during the buoyant movement; and another embodiment of the invention in which the buoyant liquid in the buoyancy balloon is electrically heated.
  • a balloon Einrich device with a buoyancy balloon which in the unfolded state, the outer shape of a rotating body, such as. B of a ball or an ellipsoid or a Caribbeanset zun from these, has.
  • the implementation of the invention in Pra ⁇ xis is not limited to the shapes shown, but also with other forms of buoyancy balloon with flat and / or curved surface sections, eg. In the form of a cuboid.
  • the buoyancy balloon may alternatively have a structured surface.
  • the surface of the balloon envelope may, for. B. be corrugated by embedded structural elements.
  • Embodiments of the invention in which a liquid hydrocarbon is used as buoyant liquid can be realized accordingly, in which case the buoyancy balloon does not have a feed opening as shown in the figures, but a smaller feed opening provided with a blocking element. and the liquid hydrocarbon is heated with an electric heater.
  • the concrete design of the balloon device according to the invention in particular the choice of the shape and size of the buoyancy balloon and the geometry and composition of the balloon envelope, can be retrieved by the skilled person depending on the specific conditions of use, in particular the depth of the sea, from which the at least one object is to be retrieved. the availability of natural hot water reservoirs, the flow conditions and the mass of the object.
  • the balloon is designed so that from the given depth, the given mass can be transported at a sufficient speed of the buoyancy movement to the sea surface to be salvaged there by a ship.
  • the skilled person can in particular refer to the following thermodynamic considerations with reference to Figures 1 and 2, the z. B. from the information on the Internet at www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/phase.html are known.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pressure (p) temperature (T) diagram of water.
  • Figure 1 shows the pT conditions under which water is in each case in the solid ("sol"), gaseous (“vap”), liquid (“liq”) or supercritical (“sup") phase.
  • the range of properties that occurs in the ocean is framed with a dashed box.
  • At the sea surface there is a pressure of 0.1 MPa, while the pressure in 10,000 m depth is slightly more than 100 MPa. Water with temperatures between -1 ° C (free sea water) and +400 ° C (from sources) is available.
  • Figure 2 shows a density (p) temperature (T) plot of seawater for various pressure conditions.
  • T density
  • the vertical lines of the curves of 0.1 MPa, 4 MPa, 20 MPa represent the transition to the gas phase.
  • the density also decreases significantly at a depth of 2,000 m.
  • Seawater of salinity of the Pacific has a density of 1050 kg / m 3 at 0 ° C. With increasing temperature, this also decreases at a depth of 7,000 m.
  • Water at a temperature of 300 ° C has a density of 800 kg / m 3 in 7,000 m water depth, which is about 80% of the value at 0 ° C.
  • the diagram illustrates the possibility of transporting considerable loads to the sea surface via the buoyancy of heated seawater, as shown below.
  • the buoyancy balloon strives perpendicularly to the surface without guidance, but it could drift through currents and stumble with strong buoyancy. Arrived on the surface, the buoyancy balloon floats recognizable on the surface as long as possible (eg.
  • Allowing cargo to the sea surface and its salvage can be estimated as follows:
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates phases of the preparation of the balloon device 100 according to the invention for carrying out the transport of a load from the seabed 2 to the sea surface.
  • the balloon assembly 100 includes a buoyancy balloon 10 and a retainer 20, which are described in greater detail below.
  • the balloon device 100 is first sunk by a ship (see also FIGS. 7 and 8) in the sea, wherein the buoyancy balloon 10 is in a folded-up state.
  • FIG. 3A schematically illustrates the sinking movement of the buoyancy balloon 10 in the folded state.
  • the buoyancy balloon 10 is connected to a ballast body 13, a buoyancy body 15 and steering bodies 16.
  • the ballast body 13 is a detachable from the buoyancy balloon 10 train weight with a mass of z. B. 50 kg, whose mass and shape are chosen so that the ballast body 13 during the sinking movement at the front end, i. in the direction of gravity (see arrow) at the lower end of the balloon device 100.
  • the steering bodies 16 are arranged at the opposite end of the balloon device 100.
  • the buoyant body 15 has a mass density less than water. It comprises, for example, at least one pressure-resistant, hollow glass ball embedded in a resin. The buoyancy body 15 is dimensioned so that it is empty
  • the ballast body 13 is connected via a cable to the buoyant body 15.
  • the steering body 16 have a plate shape, for. B. plate shape, whereby the buoyancy balloon 10 during the sinking movement to the rear, ie upwards, is tightened. Although the steering body 16 are heavier than water, but form due to their shape and attachment to ropes 17 a flow resistance.
  • the ropes 17 are connected via retaining rings 22 of the holding device 20 with the buoyancy balloon 10.
  • the retaining rings 22 are arranged distributed along the edge of a feed opening 12 of the buoyancy balloon 10. Through the retaining rings 22 runs a tether 21, with which the object to be lifted can be coupled.
  • the balloon device 100 may be equipped with a signaling device (not shown) suitable for communication, e.g. B. is set up with acoustic and / or electromagnetic waves.
  • the signaling device can emit acoustic signals or light signals, for example, which make it possible to locate the balloon device 100 during the descent movement and / or on the seabed 2.
  • FIG. 3B shows the situation when the ballast body 13 reaches the seabed 2.
  • the positioning of the inflation balloon 10 takes place in such a way that the supply opening 12 in the balloon envelope 11 faces the seabed 2. This is achieved in that the steering bodies 16 are no longer pushed backward by the flow during the sinking movement, but sink to the seabed 2.
  • the balloon envelope 11 is turned over (turned inside out). The outside of the balloon envelope 11 during the sinking movement becomes the inside of the balloon envelope 11 in the positioning of the balloon device 100 and the subsequent steps.
  • the balloon envelope 11 is slipped over the ballast body 13, while the steering body 16 and a transport ring 23, which is connected to the tether 21, sink to the seabed 2. Subsequently, the ballast body 13 is separated from the buoyancy body 15.
  • the separation can for example be done remotely with a release mechanism or automatically in response to the tensile load of the rope between the ballast body 13 and the buoyancy body 15.
  • the buoyant body 15 moves upward until the balloon sheath 11 is tightened in the vertical direction but turned in comparison with Fig. 3A.
  • the balloon envelope 11 is carried by the buoyant body 15.
  • the balloon device 100 Under the action of the steering body 16 and the transport ring 23, the balloon device 100 remains positioned on the seabed 2.
  • the steering bodies 16 are arranged on a curved, closed line, in particular approximately a circular line, spaced from one another, so that the feed opening 12 is clamped on the side of the buoyancy balloon 10 facing the seabed 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows the coupling of the object 1 to the balloon device 100 and the filling of the buoyancy balloon 10 with hot water 3.
  • FIG. 4A corresponds to the situation illustrated in FIG. 3C, wherein object 1 is additionally shown.
  • the object 1 comprises z. B. a container with manganese nodules, which is connected to the transport ring 23. The container is hung, for example, in the transport ring 23. Deviating from the representation with a single object, alternatively, several objects, for. B. several Benzol ⁇ ter with manganese nodules, in the transport ring 23 or in other transport rings (not shown) are mounted.
  • the buoyancy balloon 10 During the supply of the hot water from the source 4 in the buoyancy balloon 10 whose previous content, comprising cold seawater, gradually displaced into the environment and the balloon envelope 11 is fully deployed. As soon as an additional buoyancy force is generated by the hot water 3 in the balloon, the buoyancy balloon 10 performs an initial rising movement, so that the balloon envelope 11 and the tethers 21 are tightened. Since the tether 21 extends through the retaining rings 22 at the peripheral edge of the feed opening 12, the tightening of the tether 21, the retaining rings 22 are contracted and the supply port 12 is closed.
  • the supply port 12 is closed so that no or only a negligible mass transfer takes place between the interior of the buoyancy balloon 10 and the environment.
  • the situation of the buoyancy balloon 10 shortly before lifting off is shown again in FIG. 5, here with several objects 1 on the transporting ring 23.
  • the buoyancy balloon 10 is connected to water 3 having a temperature in the range of z. B. 200 ° C to 350 ° C filled, while the surrounding seawater has a temperature of about 0 ° C. Accordingly, the water 3 has a lower mass density than the surrounding seawater, so that the desired buoyancy force is generated.
  • the additional objects 1 shown in FIG. be ascended upward ascending movement of the balloon device 100 in the transport ring 23.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 the further phases of the upward movement of the balloon device 100 with the buoyant balloon 10 and its recovery by a ship 40 on the sea surface 6 are shown schematically. It is emphasized that FIG. 7 is not a scale representation. In the reality of the deep sea, the extent of the balloon device 100 in the vertical direction (eg 5 m to 50 m) is much smaller than the depth of the sea of z. B. 4000 m.
  • Figure 6 shows the balloon device 100 with the attached objects 1 at the moment of lifting.
  • the supply opening 12 is completely cut off with the tether 21 so that cooling by means of a convection is prevented.
  • the buoyancy movement is in contrast to the gravitational direction (see arrow) towards the sea surface.
  • the balloon device 100 according to FIG. 7 reaches the sea surface 6, first the top side of the buoyancy balloon 10 becomes visible.
  • marking eg coloring
  • the balloon device 100 can be located from the ship 40.
  • a gripping device 41 such as.
  • the balloon device 100 can be taken with the objects 1 on board.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the repeated execution of the method according to the invention with one or more balloon devices 100 for the recovery of raw materials.
  • FIG. 8 shows a guide device 30 with two guide cables 31, 32 with which the balloon device 100 can be moved during the lowering movement or during the buoyancy movement. is coupled.
  • the balloon device 100 is first sunk by a ship 40 in the sea.
  • the balloon device 100 performs a sinking movement in which the buoyant balloon 10 is folded and aligned under the action of the ballast body 13 and the steering body 16.
  • the balloon device 100 is connected to the first guide cable 31, z. B. via a rope coupled.
  • the first guide cable 31 is stretched between the ship 40 and a fixed position on the seabed 2.
  • the balloon device 100 can be moved away from the lower anchorage point of the first guide cable 31.
  • autonomous robot systems are used on the seabed 2 or diving equipment.
  • the balloon device 100 is connected to the second guide rope 32 the guide device 30 coupled.
  • the second guide cable 32 is stretched between the ship 40 and another position.
  • FIG. 9A illustrates a balloon envelope 11 in a perspective sectional view.
  • the balloon envelope 11 comprises a layer composite which is constructed as follows.
  • Adjacent thereto is a barrier layer 11.3 which has a lower thermal conductivity than the remaining layers of the balloon envelope 11.
  • the barrier layer 11.3 comprises z.
  • B. plastic such as. B.
  • outer skin 11.4 on the barrier layer 11.3, which forms the outside of the balloon envelope 11 in the state during the buoyancy phase of the buoyancy balloon.
  • the outer skin 11.4 is made of a durable material, such. As tissues, networks of plastic, metal, embedded in seawater-resistant rubbers or polymers produced, and optionally additionally equipped with reinforcing 11.6 elements. The reinforcing elements
  • the thickness and the material of the barrier layer 11.3 is selected so that during the buoyancy movement from the seabed 2 to the sea surface, a defined temperature reduction takes place and the formation of water vapor is avoided.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out so that in the vicinity of the sea surface or on emergence the water in the buoyancy balloon is still so hot that it suddenly changes into the vapor state due to the decreasing pressure. This situation is in FIG. 10 schematically illustrated.
  • the density in the buoyancy balloon 10 decreases abruptly with simultaneous massive volume increase.
  • the feed opening 12 or further openings 12. 1 of the buoyant balloon 10 are pressed open so that water vapor 7 can escape from the buoyant balloon 10. If this is not sufficient, a valve device 14 can be integrated into the balloon envelope 11, through which water vapor can possibly escape into the environment.
  • the provision of the water 3 with elevated temperature does not necessarily have to be done using a natural source. Rather, an electric heater 50 may be provided for heating the water 3 in the buoyancy balloon 10.
  • the heater 50 includes an electrical resistance heating element 51 which is connected via a supply cable 52 to a power source, e.g. B. is connected to a ship on the sea surface. Via the connecting line 52, high-energy electrical energy is introduced into the resistance heating element 51 in order to heat the water 3 in the buoyancy balloon to the desired temperature.
  • the resistance heating element 51 protrudes z. B. through the feed opening 12 in the buoyancy balloon 10. If no supply opening is provided, for.
  • the resistance heating element 51 when using a liquid hydrocarbon as a buoyant liquid, the resistance heating element 51 is brought into thermal contact with the buoyancy fluid in the buoyancy balloon 10 by deformation of a flexible portion of the balloon envelope. After reaching the desired temperature, the buoyancy movement takes place towards the sea surface, as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant de soulever un objet (1) du fond marin, qui comprend les étapes consistant à coupler l'objet (1) à un ballon de poussée verticale (10) et à permettre un mouvement de poussée verticale du ballon (10) avec l'objet (1), ledit ballon de poussée verticale (10) étant rempli d'un liquide de poussée verticale, tel que de l'eau, dont la température se situe au-dessus de la température de l'eau de mer qui entoure le ballon de poussée verticale (10). La présente invention concerne en outre un ensemble ballon (100) conçu pour soulever un objet (1) du fond marin.
EP13726120.2A 2012-06-06 2013-06-03 Procédé et dispositif permettant de soulever un objet du fond marin Withdrawn EP2858891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012011327A DE102012011327A1 (de) 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Heben eines Objekts vom Meeresboden
PCT/EP2013/001618 WO2013182292A1 (fr) 2012-06-06 2013-06-03 Procédé et dispositif permettant de soulever un objet du fond marin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2858891A1 true EP2858891A1 (fr) 2015-04-15

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EP13726120.2A Withdrawn EP2858891A1 (fr) 2012-06-06 2013-06-03 Procédé et dispositif permettant de soulever un objet du fond marin

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20150132099A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2858891A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015520070A (fr)
CN (1) CN104334448A (fr)
DE (1) DE102012011327A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013182292A1 (fr)

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SG11201609294UA (en) 2014-05-19 2016-12-29 Nautilus Minerals Singapore Pte Ltd Seafloor haulage system
CN106185643B (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-11-17 江苏科技大学 一种水下垂直运输系统接收装置
JP6903293B2 (ja) * 2017-10-20 2021-07-14 国立大学法人 東京大学 海洋資源揚鉱装置および海洋資源の揚鉱方法並びに海洋資源の集鉱方法
JP6954532B2 (ja) * 2017-10-20 2021-10-27 国立大学法人 東京大学 海洋資源の揚鉱方法、並びに、海洋資源揚鉱用バルンおよびこれを備える海洋資源揚鉱装置
JP7245988B2 (ja) * 2018-04-06 2023-03-27 株式会社Lakshmi 海底鉱物資源揚収装置
CN112591016B (zh) * 2020-12-22 2023-04-07 李新亚 锰结核机械采集系统
CN116238666B (zh) * 2023-03-09 2024-01-26 深海技术科学太湖实验室 一种专用于深海环境的气囊充气式打捞装置及使用方法
CN116923672A (zh) * 2023-06-29 2023-10-24 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 一种浅海应用气囊运输海底矿石的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2015520070A (ja) 2015-07-16
CN104334448A (zh) 2015-02-04
DE102012011327A1 (de) 2013-12-12
US20150132099A1 (en) 2015-05-14
WO2013182292A1 (fr) 2013-12-12

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