EP2853610B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2853610B1
EP2853610B1 EP14186604.6A EP14186604A EP2853610B1 EP 2853610 B1 EP2853610 B1 EP 2853610B1 EP 14186604 A EP14186604 A EP 14186604A EP 2853610 B1 EP2853610 B1 EP 2853610B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tip
preheating
fuel
consumable electrode
oxidant
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14186604.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2853610A3 (de
EP2853610A2 (de
Inventor
Michael Potesser
Johannes Rauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Austria GmbH filed Critical Messer Austria GmbH
Priority to SI201430578T priority Critical patent/SI2853610T1/en
Priority to RS20180087A priority patent/RS56789B1/sr
Priority to PL14186604T priority patent/PL2853610T3/pl
Publication of EP2853610A2 publication Critical patent/EP2853610A2/de
Publication of EP2853610A3 publication Critical patent/EP2853610A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2853610B1 publication Critical patent/EP2853610B1/de
Priority to HRP20180138TT priority patent/HRP20180138T1/hr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing metal blocks by the electroslag remelting process, comprising a metallurgically active slag bath and a preheating oven for preheating at least one tip of a consumable electrode to be supplied to the slag bath.
  • the invention further relates to a corresponding method.
  • meltdown electrodes dip into a resistance heated, metallurgically active slag bath located within a mold, usually cooled by water.
  • the slag overheats (1700 ° C to 2000 ° C) and metal drops melt from the Abschmelzelektrode.
  • the droplets sink through the slag, where they are freed from non-metallic contaminants by chemical extraction, and are finally collected in the still-liquid, already refined steel bath.
  • the quality of the finished ESU block depends not only on the quality of the consumable electrodes and the accuracy of the system control, but above all on the quality of the slag used.
  • Pre-molten slags provide a safe starting point. They ensure a reliable composition with good homogeneity for a uniform and reproducible process management in remelting operation.
  • the ESU process is now usually held under inert gas, such as in the DE 101 28 168 C1 or the EP 0 727 500 B1 described.
  • a plurality of melting electrodes are successively melted, with one electrode removed during the ESC process apart from the remainder being removed from the slag bath and replaced by a new melting electrode.
  • the alternating electrodes are preheated before being fed to the slag bath, while the previously used electrode is still in contact with the slag bath Melting process, wherein at least the region (hereinafter referred to as "tip") is preheated the Abschmelzelektrode, which is later immersed in the slag bath.
  • tip region
  • An approach of this kind is, for example, in the DE 2 124 960 A2 described.
  • the preheating of the Abschmelzelektrode for remelting in an ESU plant is nowadays usually with current-heated Vormérmöfen, which are arranged spaced from the remelting furnace.
  • Vormérmöfen which are arranged spaced from the remelting furnace.
  • an ESU apparatus is known in which the tip of an alternating electrode is preheated by means of an inductor and then fed to the reflow.
  • heating takes place between 300 ° C. and 900 ° C.
  • the known ESU systems with electric preheating are associated with a number of disadvantages.
  • the efficiency of these furnaces is very low, which is reflected in the achievable, far below the respective melting temperatures preheating temperatures, high power consumption and lower product quality;
  • Last but not least, a low product quality is also due to the high duration of time required for the electrode change between the removal of the old electrode and the heating of the new electrode to the melting point.
  • the heated by means of electrical resistance Vorissermöfen are very maintenance-intensive, which manifests itself in high maintenance costs and frequent shutdowns.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve the efficiency of working with alternating electrodes ESU system and to reduce maintenance.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the preheating of the tip of the consumable electrode in the preheating furnace by combustion of a Fuel with an oxidizer takes place.
  • the preheating furnace is operated in the manner of a cyclone furnace, ie fuel and / or oxidizer are registered with a - viewed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the preheating furnace - tangential direction component in the combustion region of the furnace. This results in a swirling flow in which fuel and oxidant are conducted past the tip of the preheating electrode to be preheated.
  • the tip of the Abschmelzelektrode can thus be heated to a temperature which is close to the melting temperature of the material to be remelted in each case;
  • the interruption duration of the remelting process during the electrode change that is to say the time duration between the termination of the melting process of the old and the beginning of the melting process of the new electrode, is significantly shortened.
  • fuels are gaseous fuels, such as natural gas, as well as aerosol atomized liquid fuels or fluidized solid particles (dusts).
  • fuels may be used which contain carbon, hydrogen, sulfur or a mixture of two or three of these substances or a compound containing one or more of these substances.
  • the oxidizing agent used can be air or an oxygen-enriched gas (with an oxygen content of more than 21% by volume); Pure oxygen is preferably suitable with an oxygen concentration of more than 90% by volume, particularly preferably with an oxygen concentration of more than 95% by volume.
  • the insertion means are either perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the preheating furnace or arranged, or angular, with its mouth opening facing upwards, ie in the direction of the preheating Abschmelzelektrode to favor the formation of a helical flow.
  • a direct loading of the Abschmelzelektrode should be avoided with a burner flame, as this can lead to a local overheating of Abschmelzelektrode.
  • an arrangement of lances can be provided as insertion devices, by means of which the fuel and oxidizer are introduced at respectively separate locations into the combustion region, subsequently mixed and ignited.
  • a plurality of tangentially carrying lances or burners are arranged in preferably uniform angular intervals, in order to ensure uniform heating of the electrode surface.
  • the entry device or the entry devices are arranged in their length and / or angular position adjustable in the wall of the preheating furnace.
  • the position of the entry device can be adapted in this way the geometry of the respective preheating electrode.
  • it is also conceivable within the scope of the invention to change the position of the insertion device relative to the electrode during the current warm-up process in order to achieve optimum application of heat with minimum energy input for example the electrode can be opposite the preheating furnace or opposite the electrode about its longitudinal axis be rotatably mounted to allow even with a small number of entry devices in the preheating a uniform heat application of the electrode tip.
  • the end portion of the preheating furnace is equipped with a cover which is intended to prevent the ingress of ambient atmosphere.
  • a cover which is intended to prevent the ingress of ambient atmosphere.
  • the cover In the case of long melting electrodes, it is advisable in this case to equip the cover with a recess for the electrode, so that in operation the melting electrode protrudes only with its tip into the combustion region enclosed by the cover.
  • the cover At this Embodiment of the invention, therefore, only the area of the electrode tip is intensively charged with hot combustion gases, wherein the cover at least largely prevents gases from the ambient atmosphere, in particular oxygen, penetrate into the heated region of the preheating furnace and lead to undesirable reactions on the surface of the electrode.
  • a hood which completely envelopes the electrode for example a hood construction of the type as described in US Pat EP 0 727 500 B1 is described.
  • the preheating furnace is equipped with an exhaust system for controlling the furnace pressure.
  • the exhaust system includes, for example, means for controlling the pressure or the composition of the atmosphere in the furnace chamber, such as a suction device or means for recirculation of flue gases.
  • the inventive method for producing metal blocks after the electroslag remelting of metals in which a Abschmelzelektrode preheated and then lowered at least with its tip in a metallurgical slag bath, is characterized in that the preheating of the Abschmelzelektrode prior to their supply to the slag by means of Applying at least the tip of the Abschmelzelektrode with a mutually reactive fuel-oxidizer mixture takes place.
  • the preheating of the tip of the consumable electrode is effected by forming a flame cyclone enveloping the tip.
  • a flame cyclone is created by a tangential entry of fuel and / or oxidizer by means of lances or burners.
  • the substances which react with each other are guided around the tip of the consumable electrode in a swirling flow and heat them up uniformly and with the risk of local overheating being largely eliminated.
  • the duration of the electrode change has a significant influence on the crystallization process and thus the quality of the metal block produced by ESC.
  • at least the tip of the ablation electrode is heated to a temperature between 100 ° C. and the melting temperature of the material of the respective preheating electrode to be preheated, preferably between 900 ° C. and 1400 ° ° C.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides a control by means of which the ratio of fuel and oxidant of the burner during the preheating process can be changed. In this way, the firing in the preheating furnace can be optimized and, in particular, the temperature of the burner flame can be precisely set. Likewise, it is also possible to change or regulate the oxygen content in the oxidizer used during the operation of the preheating furnace by means of the controller.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that measures are taken that allow a recirculation of fuel gases in the area before the exit of the burner or the outlet of the burner and thereby a flameless - and thus particularly low-emission and energy-efficient - combustion takes place.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the structure of a preheating furnace according to the invention for an ESU system in longitudinal section.
  • Preheating furnace 1 shown comprises a constructed of refractory material furnace shell 2, the downwardly facing end portion 3 is conically formed.
  • the end portion 3 are in the wall of the furnace shell 2 bushings 7th 8, in which a plurality of burners are arranged at regular angular intervals, in the exemplary embodiment two burners 9, 10.
  • the burners 9, 10 are burners in the exemplary embodiment shown, by means of which a gaseous fuel, for example natural gas, and oxygen in the Combustion area 6 registered and burned there; However, within the scope of the invention, other burners may also be used, such as burners operating with a solid or liquid fuel and / or burners employing air, oxygen-enriched air or a gas having an oxygen content variable during operation as the oxidizer ,
  • the burners 9, 10 protrude tangentially into the preheating furnace 1 and are arranged in an axial direction with respect to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the preheating furnace 1 at an angle, each with its mouth openings facing upward.
  • a further passage 11 is arranged, in which an exhaust pipe 12 is installed for discharging the flue gas.
  • a preheating electrode 13 is guided with its tip 14 through the opening 5 of the cover plate 4 and positioned so that the tip 14 is arranged in the region of the end portion 3, but without touching the walls of the furnace shell 2.
  • the cover plate 4 may be made in two parts and only after the positioning of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 from both sides substantially gas-tightly applied to this.
  • the central opening 5 of the cover plate 4 is adapted to the outer diameter of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 and ideally allows no, usually only a small gas exchange between the combustion region 6 and the ambient atmosphere.
  • the positioning of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 is effected for example by means of a crane assembly 15, which also allows the vertical process of Abschmelzelektrode 13 in the preheating furnace 1 in and out of this.
  • Fuel or oxygen is fed to the burners 9, 10 via a fuel feed line 16 and an oxygen feed line 17, and the fuel-oxidant mixture forming in each case before the outlets of the burners 9, 10 is ignited.
  • the entry of the fuel-oxidizer mixture is in each case tangentially into the combustion zone, wherein the axial tendency of the burner 9, 10 in the direction of the tip 14 of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 and the conical shaping of the end portion 3 overall a helical course of the flow cause in the combustion region 6.
  • a flame cyclone which wraps the tip 14 of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 while heated uniformly and to a temperature in the vicinity of the melting temperature of the material of the Abschmelzelektrode 13, for example to a value between 900 ° C and 1400 ° C, brought.
  • the temperature can be adjusted or regulated by means of a control, not shown here, which controls the inflows of fuel and / or oxidant.
  • the burners 9, 10 are angularly and / or length-adjustable accommodated in the furnace shell 2.
  • the resulting during combustion flue gases are withdrawn via the exhaust pipe 12.
  • a suction device 18 arranged in the exhaust pipe 12 makes it possible to regulate or adjust the pressure in the combustion region 6.
  • the burners 9, 10 are designed so that it comes within the combustion region 6 to a flameless combustion and thus to a uniform heating of the tip 14 of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 at the same time reduced pollutant emissions.
  • the tip 14 of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 After the tip 14 of the Abschmelzelektrode 13 has been heated to a predetermined temperature value, the supply of fuel and oxygen via the supply lines 16, 17 is blocked.
  • the Abschmelzelektrode 13 is from the Preheating furnace 13 withdrawn and fed to the mold of an electrode slag remelting furnace, not shown here.
  • the preheating furnace 1 is then available for receiving a further Abschmelzelektrode available.
  • the preheating furnace according to the invention operated by combustion of a fuel, the preheating of melting electrodes can be operated much more economically and at higher temperatures than is the case with conventional, electrically operated preheating furnaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP14186604.6A 2013-09-28 2014-09-26 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen Active EP2853610B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201430578T SI2853610T1 (en) 2013-09-28 2014-09-26 Device and process for removing electro-slag
RS20180087A RS56789B1 (sr) 2013-09-28 2014-09-26 Uređaj i postupak za pretapanje elektrozgure
PL14186604T PL2853610T3 (pl) 2013-09-28 2014-09-26 Urządzenie i sposób przetapiania elektrożużlowego
HRP20180138TT HRP20180138T1 (hr) 2013-09-28 2018-01-24 Uređaj i postupak za elektrolučno pretaljivanje pod troskom

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013016192.4A DE102013016192B3 (de) 2013-09-28 2013-09-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2853610A2 EP2853610A2 (de) 2015-04-01
EP2853610A3 EP2853610A3 (de) 2015-04-08
EP2853610B1 true EP2853610B1 (de) 2017-11-15

Family

ID=51625892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14186604.6A Active EP2853610B1 (de) 2013-09-28 2014-09-26 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2853610B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102013016192B3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2654892T3 (pl)
HR (1) HRP20180138T1 (pl)
HU (1) HUE035556T2 (pl)
PL (1) PL2853610T3 (pl)
RS (1) RS56789B1 (pl)
SI (1) SI2853610T1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104831082B (zh) * 2015-05-26 2017-09-22 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种电渣冶炼电炉系统
CN104831083B (zh) * 2015-05-26 2017-07-28 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 电渣冶炼电炉装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT282089B (de) * 1968-02-06 1970-06-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Verfahren zum Elektroschlackenumschmelzen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stählen
DE2124960B2 (de) * 1971-05-19 1973-07-26 Verfahren zur herstellung von langen bloecken aus staehlen und metallegierungen mittels des elektroschlacke-umschmelzverfahrens mit elektrodenwechsel
DE2649141C3 (de) * 1976-10-28 1979-10-18 Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj Ssr, Kiew (Sowjetunion) Plasmalichtbogenofen zum Umschmelzen von Metallen und Legierungen
DE2755478C2 (de) * 1977-12-13 1982-03-18 Institut elektrosvarki imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskaja SSR, Kiev Anlage zur Herstellung von Gußblöcken im Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzverfahren
DE19505743A1 (de) * 1995-02-20 1996-08-22 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von Blöcken aus Metallen
DE10128168C1 (de) * 2001-06-09 2002-10-24 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallblöcken nach dem Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzverfahren

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2853610T3 (pl) 2018-04-30
HUE035556T2 (en) 2018-05-02
ES2654892T3 (es) 2018-02-15
EP2853610A3 (de) 2015-04-08
SI2853610T1 (en) 2018-03-30
RS56789B1 (sr) 2018-04-30
DE102013016192B3 (de) 2015-01-15
EP2853610A2 (de) 2015-04-01
HRP20180138T1 (hr) 2018-03-09

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