EP2845187A2 - Akustisches zupfinstrument und verfahren zum herstellen eines akustischen zupfinstruments - Google Patents
Akustisches zupfinstrument und verfahren zum herstellen eines akustischen zupfinstrumentsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2845187A2 EP2845187A2 EP13720900.3A EP13720900A EP2845187A2 EP 2845187 A2 EP2845187 A2 EP 2845187A2 EP 13720900 A EP13720900 A EP 13720900A EP 2845187 A2 EP2845187 A2 EP 2845187A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ceiling
- plucking
- instrument according
- frame
- floor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
- G10D1/04—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres
- G10D1/05—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres with fret boards or fingerboards
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acoustic plucking instrument having a plucking instrument body defining a longitudinal axis and at least one string held on the plucking instrument body.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an acoustic plucking instrument with a plucked instrument body and at least one string held on the plucking instrument body.
- Acoustic plucking instruments of the type described in the introduction which are also referred to below as plucking instruments, are known as musical instruments in numerous embodiments, for example in the form of lute instruments, zithers or harps. They have in common that they comprise at least one string for vibrational excitation and tone generation.
- the plucked instrument body thereof defines a substantially hollow interior space and can thus act as a resonating body.
- the preparation of a plucking instrument is very complicated and usually takes place by specialists, mostly even by hand. In particular, very high-quality plucked instruments are made almost exclusively by hand.
- a problem in the production of acoustic plucked instruments is that they can only be produced with great quality with consistent quality. This requires the highest precision, experience and craftsmanship from a plucked instrument maker, such as a luthier. Accordingly expensive are high-quality plucked instruments. It is therefore an object of the present invention to reproducibly produce plucked instruments with best sound characteristics.
- CNC machines are well-known in the form of machine tools which, thanks to the use of modern control technology, are able to automatically produce workpieces with high precision even for complex shapes. They outperform mechanically controlled machines in precision and speed.
- the abbreviation CNC stands for the English terms "computerized numerical control”.
- the use of a CNC machine for machining at least a part of the parts required for the production of the plucked instrument body, in particular those parts which are important for the sound quality, makes it possible to produce these with the highest precision and consistent quality. This allows in particular a reproducible production of plucked instruments with consistently good sound properties.
- the production time can be significantly reduced, in particular by automating the production, so that consequently the costs for producing the plucking instrument can be significantly reduced.
- the parts for assembly by means of the CNC machine can be made accurately, for example by milling, drilling, grinding or other machining types, so that they can be assembled and connected cleanly without post-processing, for example by using adhesives and / or fasteners such For example, screws or dowels.
- it is advantageous if it comprises a floor, at least one frame and a ceiling and when the at least one frame is connected on the one hand to the floor and on the other hand to the ceiling.
- Such a plucked instrument body forms a base body, which can be ideally used as a sound or sound box.
- the base and / or the at least one frame and / or the ceiling are each formed in one piece.
- a one-piece design of a frame is not feasible in known methods for the production of plucked instruments.
- By machining using a CNC machine it is now possible to produce a frame in one piece from a solid material by machining, for example by milling from a solid block of wood.
- the one-piece design of said parts has the particular advantage that only a few parts must be assembled and connected to each other for mounting the plucking instrument.
- this approach has the advantage that all integrally formed parts not only made stress-free, but also can be joined together stress-free, whereby the plucking instrument for temperature fluctuations is substantially insensitive.
- the floor and / or the at least one frame and / or the ceiling are made of a solid material by machining by means of a CNC machine.
- the said parts can be prepared stress-free and depending on the material used as a permanent dimensional stability can be achieved.
- This has the particular advantage that plucking instruments produced in this way only little or no detune when their environmental conditions change.
- the bottom and / or the ceiling produced by CNC machining grooves for receiving the at least one frame or at least one Zargenkranz for striking the at least one frame. Such produced grooves or Zargenkränze allow the tailor-made assembly of the parts to form the Zupfinstrumentbodies.
- Zargenkranz has the particular advantage that both a thin ceiling and a thin floor can be used, and the frame or two or more Zargenmaschine can be accurately fitted to the Zargenkranz and connected with this material and / or non-positively, for example by Gluing or suitable fasteners such as screws or nails.
- the processing time for the preparation of Zupfinstruments can be further reduced if it has a single, self-contained, formed from one piece frame or formed from two each one-piece frame parts frame.
- the frame is especially the part that connects floor and ceiling. It holds the ceiling and the floor at a defined distance from each other and together with them defines a resonance chamber defined by the plucked instrument body. The fewer parts the frame encloses, the easier and faster it is to assemble the plucked instrument body.
- the plucking instrument can be produced in a particularly cost-effective manner if the frame or the frame parts are produced by bending in the form of simultaneous heating.
- To form the frame or the frame parts in this way has the advantage that they are also fully automatically formed with appropriate bending devices substantially.
- a plurality of heatable molds can be provided, in which the frame or the frame parts can be inserted after prior heating in the hot steam and then bent into the desired shape. In contrast to the production of a frame or frame parts by machining, this is significantly cheaper, since significantly less material is needed.
- the plucked instrument body comprises a support device for supporting the ceiling and / or the floor.
- This may in particular be an arrangement which is arranged inside the Zupfinstrumenten emotionss to prevent unwanted deformation of the ceiling and / or the floor.
- the support means may in particular non-positively and / or positively connected to the ceiling and / or the floor.
- the support device comprises a floor support device formed integrally with the floor and / or a ceiling support device integrally formed with the ceiling.
- the floor and the floor support means as well as the ceiling and the ceiling support means can each be made of one piece, for example by milling by means of a CNC machine.
- This procedure results in a significant time saving in assembly compared to the existing traditional production method.
- the manufacture of the plucking instrument is particularly simple if the floor support device and / or the ceiling support device are formed in one piece.
- the ceiling with ceiling support device as well as the floor with floor support device as a single part from a solid material, so that only the floor and the ceiling have to be connected to the frame in order to form the plucked instrument body.
- the support means can be formed if it comprises at least one longitudinal and / or at least one transverse bar, which are formed integrally with the ceiling or the floor.
- the support means can be formed if it comprises at least one longitudinal and / or at least one transverse bar, which are formed integrally with the ceiling or the floor.
- the construction of the plucking instrument can be further simplified if the floor and / or the ceiling are each formed mirror-symmetrically relative to a mirror plane. In this way, in particular, the sound properties of the plucking instrument can be optimized in the desired manner.
- the longitudinal axis of the Zupfinstrumenten stressess lies in the
- the floor support device comprises at least one floor longitudinal beam extending in the longitudinal direction of the plucked instrument body and at least one floor crossbar extending transversely to the longitudinal direction.
- two or more floor longitudinal beams and two or more floor crossbars may be provided.
- Such a trained floor support device allows a simple way a defined stiffening of the soil, without taking negative influence on the sound characteristics of the plucking instrument. A particularly high stability of the soil can be achieved if two, three, four or more floor crossbars are provided.
- the at least one bottom longitudinal and at least one bottom crossbar intersect or penetrate one another.
- a stability of the floor support device can be achieved in itself, in particular when the floor support device is formed as a whole in one piece.
- the at least one floor crossbar has a height which varies as a function of the height as a function of the distance from the longitudinal axis.
- the at least one bottom longitudinal beam can also be formed.
- a thickness or even a cross section of the floor crossbeam and possibly also of the floor longitudinal beam can be selectively and systematically varied in order to optimize the overall sound and resonance properties of the floor and thus also of the plucked instrument body.
- cross-sections of the elements forming the floor support means are maximized at those locations where nodes of vibration of the resonator body defined by the plucked instrument body are formed.
- the function of the height of the crossbar is a continuous function. In other words, such a function has no height jumps.
- the function of the height of the crossbar is a differentiable function.
- the first derivative of the function has no jumps.
- the function of the height of the at least one bottom transverse and / or the at least one bottom longitudinal bar has at least one absolute maximum between their free ends.
- the function of the height of the floor crossbeam on an absolute minimum at least one free end. This may mean in particular that the height is zero at a free end.
- the function of the height of the floor crossbar has a local minimum. This may mean, in particular, that the height of the floor crossbeam is smaller only in the area of the absolute minimum than in the area of the local minimum. Of course, several local minima can be provided.
- the local minimum is on the longitudinal axis. This simplifies the construction of the plucked instrument body.
- a width of the at least one floor crossbar decreases with increasing height.
- a width of the floor crossbeam decreases with increasing height. This makes it possible, in particular, to leave a cross section of the floor crossbeam constant or substantially constant, regardless of a height thereof.
- the at least one floor crossbar has at least one floor crossbeam side surface, which is curved concave away from the floor and pointing in the direction of the ceiling.
- the at least one bottom longitudinal beam can optionally be formed in an analogous manner.
- two, three or more concave curved bottom crossbar side surfaces can be formed, which are dimensioned according to the size of the plucking instrument.
- the at least one bottom crossbar side surface extends to a free end of the bottom crossbar. It can then pass into the ground, in particular in the area of the free end of the floor crossbeam.
- the at least one floor crossbeam side surface intersects the longitudinal axis.
- it can intersect the mirror plane.
- a local or absolute minimum of the height of the floor crossbeam in the region of the longitudinal axis or the mirror plane can be formed.
- the ceiling support means comprises at least one ceiling transverse and at least one ceiling longitudinal beam. If two, three or more ceiling transverse or longitudinal ceiling beams are provided, these, as well as the bottom transverse and bottom longitudinal beams, do not necessarily have to run parallel to one another. Of course, as in the floor support device, two, three, four or more Deckenquer- and also ceiling longitudinal beams may be provided. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided that the ceiling comprises a sound hole and that the
- Ceiling support means comprises a concentric or substantially concentric with the sound hole arranged or formed Schalllochstützvorsprung.
- the sound hole supporting projection may surround the sound hole in particular completely or partially annular. He may be spaced from this or directly adjacent to the sound hole. It is also conceivable that the sound hole supporting projection extends only over a fraction of an angular range of 360 °, for example only over about 180 ° or even less. In particular, it can serve to increase the stability of the ceiling in the area of the sound hole.
- two, three, four or more ceiling longitudinal beams are provided. These can optionally extend laterally away from the sound hole or on the side of the sound hole facing away from the neck.
- the at least one ceiling crossbeam and the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam can intersect or penetrate.
- the sound hole supporting projection and the at least one ceiling crossbeam and / or the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam can cross or penetrate one another.
- At least one free end of the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam touches the frame.
- this is the end of the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam facing the neck, so that the stability, in particular in the region of the ceiling, where the neck is usually fastened is increased, so as to influence the strength and life of the plucking instrument overall positive.
- Touching the frame means in particular that the ceiling crossbar touches the frame indirectly via the Zargenkranz, with which the at least one ceiling crossbeam can be integrally formed.
- a free end of at least one ceiling longitudinal beam goes over into the ceiling.
- the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam has at least one ceiling longitudinal side surface which is curved concavely away from the ceiling and pointing in the direction of the floor.
- a free end of the ceiling longitudinal side surface can pass into the ceiling.
- the ceiling longitudinal beams it is conceivable for the ceiling longitudinal beams to have a cross section which changes as a function of the height or a width which changes depending on the height.
- the width of the at least one ceiling longitudinal beam is maximum when its height is minimal.
- this may also be provided for the at least one ceiling crossbeam.
- the at least one ceiling longitudinal side surface extends to a free end of the ceiling longitudinal beam. In this way, the ceiling longitudinal beam can go into the ceiling with a height of zero.
- the plucked instrument body has a web arranged on an outer side of the ceiling. Preferably, this is arranged on the side facing away from the neck of the sound hole and extends transversely to the longitudinal axis.
- the plucked instrument body is particularly easy and quick to produce when the web is formed integrally with the ceiling. So it can be made in particular with the ceiling of one piece, for example by means of a CNC milling machine.
- the ceiling support means comprises a web reinforcement projection, which is arranged on an inner side of the ceiling in the region of the web.
- the ceiling can be additionally reinforced in the region of the web, in particular to attach fasteners for the strings.
- a radius of curvature of the ceiling and / or the floor lies in a range of about five meters to about 100 meters.
- the radius of curvature is in a range of about 30 meters to about 65 meters.
- the radius of curvature does not have to be constant, that is, the outside of the ceiling and / or the floor need not necessarily form a section of a spherical surface. It is also conceivable that the outsides of the floor and / or the ceiling completely or at least partially form the section of an ellipsoid.
- a curvature of the ceiling and / or the floor can be done completely stress-free, which has significantly better sound quality result.
- curvature may have to take place by bending in the form of a bend, which leads to undesirable stresses, in particular in the event of temperature fluctuations, to which the plucking instrument body in particular is subjected.
- it is also advantageous if it comprises a part of a neck forming fretboard and a head, which are at least partially formed in one piece.
- the fingerboard is integrally formed, as well as the head.
- the fingerboard and the head together in one piece, that is, from a single piece to train.
- the fretboard can preferably be connected to the plucked instrument body in a material, force and / or form-fitting manner, for example by gluing and / or using appropriate fastening elements, such as screws, nails, dowels or the like.
- the plucked instrument body and / or the neck and / or the head are at least partially made of milled parts.
- the said parts can be produced virtually fully automatically, in particular, in whole or in part by milling.
- the preparation and assembly of the plucking instrument are particularly simple if all parts of the plucking instrument body and / or the neck and / or the head are produced by milling. This minimizes manufacturing costs and simplifies assembly since all parts of the plucking instrument can be manufactured with high precision.
- the plucking instrument is at least partially made of thermowood.
- Thermowood which is also known as thermally modified wood, is the final product of a thermal treatment, ie by heating wood to at least 160 ° with lack of oxygen. In English, it is called “thermally modified timber", short TMT.
- thermowood is the result of partial pyrolysis in an oxygen-poor atmosphere. Temperatures of 170 ° C to 250 ° C are used for about 24 to 48 hours. This procedure changes OH groups linked between hemicellulose and lignin. Hemicellulose will be off about 140 ° C partially degraded and crystallized in another form again.
- thermowood By heating the wood, acetyl groups on the hemicelluloses are split off and acetic acid is formed.
- the acetic acid acts as a catalyst in the degradation of hemicellulose and leads to a decrease in the degree of polymerization of hemicelluloses. From about 150 ° C alpha-cellulose is degraded. Lignin condensation increases the relative proportion of ligands in the wood.
- the wood is quasi "caramelized”. Volatiles such as resins and degradation products of hemicellulose and lignin such as furfural and 5-methylfurfural are expelled.
- the thermal modification of wood is to be distinguished from other methods of wood modification such as damping or fumigation. There are various processes for the production of thermowood, which are constantly evolving.
- high-temperature phase ie the heating depending on the type of wood and finishing class up to 230 ° C; 4. conditioning phase, ie the restoration of the optimal moisture level; 5. Cooling phase.
- the Stellac process can be fully automated so that high quality consistency can be guaranteed.
- For the thermal modification basically all types of wood are suitable.
- the floor and / or the ceiling and / or the support means and / or the frame and / or the fingerboard and / or the head are made of thermowood.
- thermowood which causes severe, rapid temperature fluctuations, makes it gently rupture the parts forming the plucked instrument.
- the plucked instrument is compared to conventional plucked instruments long-term stability and virtually indestructible. Furthermore, the usual tendency to detune due to changes in ambient conditions, such as in particular by changes in temperature and humidity decreases.
- the plucking instrument is designed in the form of a lute instrument, a zither or a harp.
- such instruments can be formed with permanently high sound quality and very robust.
- the lute instrument is designed in the form of a guitar, a mandolin or a ukulele.
- all types of lute instruments can also be produced long-term stable, robust and with high sound quality.
- kit for producing a plucking instrument having a plucking instrument body defining a longitudinal axis and at least one string held on the plucking instrument body, in which kit the plucking instrument body consists at least partially of parts produced by machining by means of a CNC machine.
- kits Due to the manufacturing process of the kit included parts by machining using a CNC machine, a complex adaptation of the parts to each other before the final assembly is no longer required.
- the parts can be assembled as they are and preferably permanently bonded, in particular with a suitable adhesive. Essentially, only the kit and glue are needed to mount the plucked instrument. Due to the high accuracy of fit of manufactured by a CNC machine parts of the kit further aids and tools are practically superfluous. This is For example, it also makes it possible to build plucked instruments in school lessons with little time and expense, which nevertheless can have very good sound characteristics.
- the parts of the kit which are connected to each other, have mutually correspondingly formed connecting elements which intermesh positively and / or positively.
- the connecting elements may in particular be formed on the floor, on the ceiling, on the frame, and / or on the neck, in particular on the fret bar, the fingerboard and / or the head.
- kit is designed for producing one of the advantageous plucking instruments described above.
- the object stated in the introduction is also achieved according to the invention in a method of the type described in the introduction in that the plucked instrument body is composed at least partially of parts which are produced by machining by means of a CNC machine.
- a method developed in this way enables the high-precision production of individual parts of the plucked instrument body and thereby also unites its assembly. A reworking, as is always necessary in a manual production of individual parts of Zupfinstrumentbodies always can be avoided.
- Plucking instruments can be produced particularly quickly and inexpensively if all parts of the plucking instrument body are produced by machining using a CNC machine.
- the assembly of the plucked instrument body can be simplified if the plucked instrument body comprises a floor, at least one frame and a ceiling, if the at least one frame is connected to the floor on the one hand and to the ceiling on the other hand and if the floor and / or the at least one frame and / or or the ceiling are each formed in one piece.
- the plucked instrument body comprises a floor, at least one frame and a ceiling, if the at least one frame is connected to the floor on the one hand and to the ceiling on the other hand and if the floor and / or the at least one frame and / or or the ceiling are each formed in one piece.
- the Zupfinstrumenten emotionss for example by gluing and / or the use of additional fasteners.
- the bottom and / or the at least one frame and / or the ceiling are made of a solid material by machining by means of a CNC machine.
- grooves are formed on the floor and / or ceiling by CNC machining for receiving the at least one frame or a Zargenkranz for striking the at least one frame.
- the frame is closed in itself and formed from one piece or from two Zargen turnover.
- the frame or the frame parts can be made of a solid material by milling. As a result of changing environmental conditions, they virtually no longer deform and can thus be easily and precisely connected to the floor and ceiling.
- the frame or To bend frame parts from a strip if this is first heated in superheated steam and then bent in a designated heated mold into the desired frame shape. After cooling, the frame or the frame parts then retain the shape predetermined by the bending.
- the plucked instrument body comprises a support device which is formed integrally with the floor and / or the ceiling.
- a complicated material and / or non-positive joining of the support device with the floor or the ceiling can be avoided, which also adversely affects the sound properties of the plucking instrument.
- a floor support device integrally formed with the floor and / or a ceiling support device formed in one piece with the ceiling are formed.
- the stability of the ceiling and / or floor can be increased already during manufacture.
- the assembly of Zupfinstrumenten stressess is simplified, since neither the floor support device with the floor nor the ceiling support means must be separately connected to the ceiling.
- the support device can be formed in a particularly stable manner if the floor support device and / or the ceiling support device are formed in one piece. In other words, it is also conceivable to form the floor support device and / or the ceiling support device in each case in one piece and then to connect to the floor or the ceiling.
- the support device comprises at least one longitudinal and at least one transverse bar, which are formed integrally with the ceiling or the floor.
- this can be done by milling by means of a CNC machine, so that a high-precision, reproducible production of the Zupfinstrumenten endeavor forming parts is possible.
- the stability of the plucking instrument can be increased and further simplified in its manufacture, if it comprises a part of a neck forming fingerboard and a head, which are at least partially formed in one piece.
- the plucked instrument body can be made with machine use if it is at least partially produced by milling.
- the floor, the ceiling and the frame, fingerboard and neck can be milled from a solid material.
- the plucking instrument is at least partially made of thermowood.
- the production of Zupfinstruments is at least partially made of thermowood also advantageous in a method of the type described above, so even if the parts of the plucking instrument are not made by editing using a CNC machine.
- the use of thermowood for forming at least parts of the plucking instrument has the advantages already described above. In particular, it is possible to produce a robust, weather-resistant and decay-resistant instrument which does not tend to crack due to strong, rapid temperature fluctuations.
- the use of thermowood not only makes it possible to achieve higher accuracy in the machining, but due to the high strength of the material, the CNC machining at significantly higher speeds than usual in the woodworking is possible. Thus, not only a high accuracy and reproducibility in the production can be achieved, but also a significant increase in the production speed.
- the floor and / or the ceiling and / or the support device and / or the frame and / or the fingerboard and / or the head are produced. If all of these parts are made of thermowood, a plucked instrument can be formed overall, which is practically table is no longer detuned and essentially insensitive to the weather. In particular, temperature fluctuations are harmful to conventionally made acoustic plucking instruments, since they usually lead to the formation of cracks and thus damage to the instrument.
- a mounting frame is used for mounting the plucking instrument.
- the mounting frame may be formed such that it completely surrounds the frame, so as to avoid evasion or expansion thereof when connecting to the floor and the ceiling.
- a mounting frame allows a simple way, even untrained or layman to connect the parts of the particular available as a kit Zupfinstruments correctly and cleanly together.
- Figure 1 a schematic perspective view of a total
- Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the bottom of the guitar shown in Figure 1 from the inside;
- Figure 3 is a view of the bottom shown in Figure 2 from the outside;
- Figure 4 a plan view of the floor from the inside;
- Figure 5 an enlarged view of the detail A in Figure 4 in section;
- Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Figure 4;
- Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 in Figure 4.
- Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in Figure 4.
- Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 in Figure 4.
- Figure 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 in Figure 4.
- Figure 11 is a perspective view of the ceiling of the plucking instrument shown in Figure 1 from the inside;
- Figure 12 is a perspective view of the ceiling shown in Figure 11 from the outside;
- Figure 13 is a plan view of an inside of the ceiling
- Figure 14 is an enlarged view of the detail B in Figure 13 in section;
- Figure 15 is an enlarged view of the detail C in Figure 13 in section;
- Figure 16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 in Figure 13;
- Figure 17 is a sectional view taken along line 17-17 in Figure 13;
- Figure 18 is a sectional view taken along line 18-18 in Figure 13;
- Figure 19 is a sectional view taken along line 19-19 in Figure 13;
- Figure 20 is a sectional view taken along line 20-20 in Figure 13;
- Figure 21 a partially broken side view of the neck of the guitar without fingerboard;
- FIG. 22 is a plan view of the web
- Figure 23 is a sectional view taken along line 23-23 in Figure 22;
- Figure 24 is a plan view of the fingerboard of the guitar shown in Figure 1;
- FIG. 25 is a schematic perspective view of a second overall view
- Au purchasessbeispiels a kit of a plucking instrument in the form of a guitar during assembly using a mounting frame;
- FIG. 26 a partially enlarged detail view of the arrangement
- Figure 27 is a plan view of the ceiling shown in Figure 25 from the outside;
- Figure 28 is a sectional view taken along line 28-28 in Figure 27;
- Figure 29 is a plan view of the ceiling shown in Figure 25 from the inside;
- Figure 30 is a sectional view taken along line 30-30 in Figure 29;
- Figure 31 is a sectional view taken along line 31-31 in Figure 29;
- Figure 32 is a sectional view taken along line 32-32 in Figure 29;
- Figure 33 is a sectional view taken along line 33-33 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 34-34 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 35-35 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 36-36 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 37-37 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 38-38 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 39-39 in Figure 29; a sectional view taken along line 40-40 in Figure 29; a plan view of the bottom shown in Figure 25 from the outside; a plan view of the bottom shown in Figure 25 from the inside; a sectional view taken along line 43-43 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 44-44 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 45-45 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 46-46 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 47-47 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 48-48 in Figure 42; a sectional view taken along line 49-49 in
- FIG. 51 is a top view of the fret bar shown in FIG. 25 from above;
- FIG. 52 is a side view of the fret bar shown in FIG. 51;
- Figure 53 is a sectional view taken along line 53-53 in Figure 51;
- FIG. 54 a top view of the fingerboard shown in FIG. 25 from above;
- Figure 55 is a sectional view taken along line 55-55 in Figure 54;
- FIG. 56 a plan view of the vortex plate shown in FIG. 25 from above;
- FIG. 57 is a side view of the swirl plate shown in FIG. 25;
- FIG. 58 shows a top view of the web illustrated in FIG. 25 from above;
- FIG. 59 is a side view of the web shown in FIG. 25;
- Figure 60 is a sectional view taken along line 60-60 in Figure 58;
- Figure 61 a plan view of the web shown in Figure 58 from below.
- an exemplary embodiment of a plucking instrument according to the invention is shown schematically, in the form of a guitar 102. It comprises a body 104, which is also referred to as a plucking instrument body 106, a neck 108 and a head 110.
- Six vertebrae 112 are rotatably mounted transversely to a longitudinal axis 114 of the guitar 102 at the head 110 and are coupled via an angle gear with a fastening bolt 116, which is mounted rotatably about its longitudinal axis and extends transversely to a vertebral longitudinal axis 118 defined by the vertebra 112.
- a fastening bolt 116 On the mounting bolt 116, one end of a string 120 is attached.
- a total of six vertebrae 112 and six fastening bolts 116 are provided, to each of which a string 120 is attached.
- the number of strings may vary.
- the transition region between the head 110 slightly angled relative to the neck 108 is referred to as saddle 122, on which all the strings 120 rest.
- the neck 108 includes the fret bar 124 connected to the body 104 and the fingerboard 126 mounted on the fret bar 124 which extends from the saddle 122 to a circular opening in the plucking instrument body 106, the sound hole 128.
- frets 130 are inserted in designated grooves.
- a so-called web 136 is arranged on an upper side 132 of the body 104, which is also referred to as ceiling 134, to which six attachment points 138 are provided for the six strings. Furthermore, a strip 140 projecting over its upper side is oriented on the web and oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis 114, on which all six strings rest.
- a free length of the strings 120 also referred to as scale 142, is determined by the distance between the saddle 122 and the strip 140 and defines those lengths of the strings 120 that can swing freely upon impact or plucking.
- top 134 opposite bottom 144 of the guitar 102 is also referred to as bottom 146. It is connected via a peripheral frame 148 with the ceiling 134, for example, material and / or non-positive, in particular by gluing.
- peripheral frame 148 with the ceiling 134, for example, material and / or non-positive, in particular by gluing.
- the construction of the floor 146 is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 10. It comprises a bottom plate 150, which is not flat, but curved with a radius 152 which is in a range of about 30 to 70 meters, preferably about 50 meters.
- the bottom plate 150 thus forms a section of a hollow sphere with a constant wall thickness.
- the bottom 146 has in plan view otherwise the typical shape of a body 104 of a classical guitar or a Western guitar.
- a support means 154 which comprises a bottom support means designated by the reference numeral 156.
- the floor support means 156 comprises a bottom longitudinal beam 158 which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 114 and four perpendicular to this floor crossbar 160, 162, 164 and 166.
- the bottom support means 156 is formed integrally in one piece and also integral with the bottom 146th
- the frame ring 172 comprises two frame sections 176 formed symmetrically with respect to a mirror plane 174 containing the longitudinal axis 114. Outside surfaces 178 of the frame ring 172 are oriented perpendicular to the inside 170.
- An inner surface 180 of the ring gear 172 encloses an acute angle with the outer surface 178 as shown schematically in FIG.
- a distance 182 between the outer surface 178 and the edge 168 corresponds to a thickness of the frame 148.
- a gap 184 is formed in the region of a transition to the neck 108.
- a gap 186 is formed at the other end of the body 104.
- the bottom longitudinal beam 158 extends between the gaps 184 and 186 on the inside 170 and has the shape of a flat cuboid bar in cross section.
- the four floor crossbars 160, 162, 164 and 166 are of different lengths and penetrate the bottom longitudinal beam 158.
- a height 188 of the floor crossbars 160, 162, 164 and 166 varies, respectively, as a function of the distance 190 from the mirror plane 174 and the longitudinal axis 114, respectively an absolute maximum 192 of the height 188 starting from the mirror plane 174 toward a free end 194 where the height 188 is zero, that is, each of the four bottom crossbars at its ends 194 has the height 188 of zero.
- a local minimum 196 of the function of the height 188 has each floor crossbar 160, 162, 164 and 166 at the location of the mirror plane 174. In other words, in the region of the mirror plane 174, a thickness of the floor crossbars 160, 162, 164 and 166 is equal to a thickness of the bottom longitudinal beam 158.
- a width 202 of the floor crossbars 160, 162, 164 and 166 is different.
- the floor crossbars 160 and 162 are each the same width, but about half as wide as the floor crossbars 164 and 166. Due to the curved, pear-shaped shape of the floorboard 150, the floor crossbeams 160, 162, 164 and 166 are also different in length. They do not reach up to the rim 172, but go at a distance to this in the bottom 164 over. Further, a width of the floor crossbars 160, 162, 164 and 166 decreases as the height 188 thereof increases, as shown in FIG. 2 by the reduced width 203 shown schematically.
- the ceiling 134 comprises a ceiling plate 204 which has a constant thickness and a curvature having a radius 206 which is in a range of preferably 30 meters to 70 meters. Preferably, the radius is about 50 meters.
- the ceiling plate 204 forms a section of a thin hollow sphere.
- the ceiling plate 204 forms a section of an ellipsoid, so that a curvature of the ceiling plate 204 is not constant.
- a ceiling support device 210 is formed, which forms part of the support means 154. It serves to reinforce and stabilize the ceiling 134.
- the ceiling support 210 comprises a ceiling crossbar 212 and three ceiling longitudinal beams 214, 216 and 218. Furthermore, the ceiling support 210 includes a soundhole projection 220 which is substantially concentric with the soundhole 128, but slightly spaced this extends on a side facing away from the neck 108 and the two ceiling longitudinal beams 214 and 218, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the mirror plane 174 and formed, connects to each other.
- a height 222 of the sound hole supporting projection 220 is about half as high as a height 224 of the ceiling beam 212 and the ceiling longitudinal beams 214, 216 and 218.
- the ceiling longitudinal beams 214 and 218 are not parallel to each other, but enclose therebetween an angle 226 at which it is preferably at an acute angle, which preferably has a value in a range of 5 ° to 15 °.
- the ceiling longitudinal beam 216 is mirror-symmetrical to the mirror plane 174 formed.
- the ceiling crossbar 212 extends slightly spaced from the sound hole 128 on the neck 108 facing side thereof. It is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the longitudinal axis 114.
- a Zargenkranz 228 is formed which comprises two symmetrical to the mirror plane 174 formed Zargenkranzabitese 230, the free ends of each leave a gap 232 and 234, once the gap 184 of the bottom 146 and the gap 186 opposite.
- a height 236 of the rim ring 228 corresponds to the height 224.
- An outer surface 238 of the Zargenkranzabitese 230 extends in section as shown schematically in Figure 14 perpendicular to the inside 208, but by the distance 240 relative to a side facing away from the ceiling 134 edge 242 after reset inside. The distance 240 corresponds to the thickness of the frame 148.
- the ceiling crossbar 212 connects with free ends directly to the two Zargenkranzabitese 230. Free, the neck 108 facing the ends of the ceiling longitudinal beams 214 and 218 go in the region of the gap 232 in the Zargenkranzabitese 230 over. They also extend on either side of the sound hole 128 and penetrate the ceiling crossbar 212. Free end portions 244 of the ceiling longitudinal beams 214 and 218 are provided, like a free end portion 246 of the ceiling longitudinal beam 216, with a ceiling longitudinal beam surface 248 and 250, respectively, away from the inner side 208 and toward the inner side Floor 146 are facing concavely curved. Free ends of the ceiling longitudinal beams 214, 216 and 218, which are oriented away from the sound hole 128, go into the ceiling plate 204, thus have at their ends 252 a height of zero.
- FIG. 1 A cross section of the ceiling longitudinal beams 214, 216 and 218 is shown schematically in FIG. This has a substantially trapezoidal shape with two mutually inclined, an acute angle enclosing side surfaces 254.
- An upper side 256 of the ceiling longitudinal beams 214, 216 and 218 is rounded and thus forms the section of a cylindrical surface. Transition areas 258 between the side surfaces 254 and the inside 208 are also rounded.
- the ceiling support device 210 also comprises a web reinforcement projection 262, which rises from the inner side 208 and has a height 264 which is approximately half the height of the sound hole support projection 220.
- the web reinforcement projection 262 extends between the two ceiling longitudinal beams 214 and 218 and goes into this.
- a width 266 parallel to the longitudinal axis 114 is slightly less than half the diameter of the circular sound hole 128.
- the web reinforcement projection 262 is positioned so that on an outer side 268 of the ceiling 134 the web 136 can be mounted directly over the web reinforcement projection 262.
- the web reinforcement projection 262 thus forms a thickening of the ceiling plate 204 in the region in which the web 136 is attached in order to avoid tearing of the ceiling plate 204.
- the ceiling 134 and all parts of the ceiling support 210 including the frame ring 228 are made of a solid material by milling with a CNC machine.
- the fret bar 124 is shown schematically, which includes an elongated portion 270 which thickened in the direction of the body 104 out. From a flattened end 272, a substantially cuboid connecting projection 274 extends in the direction of the body 104, which connecting projection 274 is dimensioned so that it is in the recess defined by the gaps 184 and 232, which is also provided on the frame 148, can be used and connected to the body 104 material and / or non-positively, in particular by gluing and possibly also with fasteners.
- a longitudinal groove 278 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 114 is formed in order to increase the stability of the fret bar 124.
- the head 110 adjoins an end of the section 170 facing away from the body 104, which is slightly inclined relative to the longitudinal axis 114 relative to the fret bar 124 and encloses an acute angle therewith.
- the fret bar 124 and the Head 110 form a unit made of a solid material by milling.
- the web 136 is substantially parallelepiped-shaped and has a slightly oblique to a longitudinal axis 280 defined by the web 136 extending groove 282, in which the projecting over the web 136 strip 140 is used, on which the strings 120 rest.
- the attachment points 138 each comprise a bore 284 and a short groove 286, which is inclined in the direction of the sound hole 128 and into which the strings 120 can be drawn and braced with a fastening knob 288 in the bore 284.
- the web 136 is also integrally formed and produced by milling or drilling.
- the fingerboard 126 is also integrally formed and made by milling. It is mounted on the upper side 276 of the fret bar 124 and extends with its one end 290 up to the sound hole 128. The opposite end 292 extends to the transition region between the portion 270 and the head 110.
- the fingerboard 126 is provided with a plurality of transverse grooves 294, in which the strip-shaped and about the top 296 somewhat protruding collars 130 are used in order to reduce the free oscillating length in playing the guitar 102 by exerting a pressure on a string 120 on the length between the selected collar 130 and the strip 140.
- the above described schematic construction of the guitar 102 can be analogously transferred to other plucked instruments, in particular lute instruments such as mandolins and ukuleles.
- the particular construction of the support means 154 may vary from instrument to instrument to achieve particular sound characteristics of the plucking instrument 100. Basically, it would be conceivable to provide on the ceiling 134 crossbars that correspond to the special construction of the floor crossbars. All mentioned and shown in Figures 1 to 24 parts are preferably made of thermowood by CNC milling. The milled parts of the plucking instrument 100 are glued together after individual production in the usual way, for example by means of wood glue or another suitable adhesive.
- the method described for producing a plucking instrument 100 makes it possible to produce the same within the shortest possible time.
- the use of thermowood makes the plucking instrument 100 insensitive to changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. For example, a plucked instrument designed in this way does not become out of tune when brought out of a warm, dry room in the winter, exposed to snow, and then brought back into a warm room.
- the formation of cracks known in conventionally manufactured instruments can likewise be avoided in a simple manner in the described plucking instrument.
- FIG. 1 a second exemplary embodiment of a plucking instrument according to the invention, indicated overall by the reference numeral 100 ', is shown schematically, specifically in the form of a kit 101' of a guitar 102 'which is assembled using a mounting frame 300' comprising two mutually symmetrical frame parts 298 '.
- the guitar 102 ' includes a body 104', which is also referred to as ZupfinstrumentenMech 106 ', a neck 108' and a head 110 '.
- a swirl plate 302' is fixed on its upper side, which has six swirl receptacles 304 'in the form of bores formed symmetrically to a longitudinal axis 114' of the guitar 102 '.
- FIGS. 25 to 61 no whirls are shown in FIGS. 25 to 61, but these are defined in the head 110 'in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
- strings not shown in FIGS. 25 to 61 can be fastened. For each string a vortex is provided.
- Dependent the type of plucking instrument 100 ' may vary the number of strings.
- the transition region between the head 110 'slightly angled relative to the neck 108' is referred to as the saddle 122 'on which all the strings rest.
- the neck 108 'and the head 110' are formed in the plucking instrument 100 'from a single piece, preferably by machining by means of a CNC machine.
- the neck 108 ' includes the fret bar 124' coupled to the body 104 'and the fretboard 126' mounted on the fret bar 124 'which extends from the saddle 122' to a circular opening in the plucking instrument body 106 ', the sound hole 128'.
- frets 130' are used in designated grooves.
- a so-called web 136 ' is arranged on an upper side 132' of the body 104 ', which is also referred to as ceiling 134', on which six attachment points 138 are provided for the six strings .
- a free length of the strings also referred to as a scale, is determined by the distance between the saddle 122 'and the strip 140' and defines those lengths of the strings that can swing freely upon impact or plucking.
- first and second connecting elements 304 'and 306' serve first and second connecting elements 304 'and 306', on the one hand symmetrically in the form of particular flat, hollow cylindrical recesses 310 'on a bottom 314' of the web 136 'and on the other hand symmetrically in shape in particular flat, cylindrical projections 312 'on the upper side 132' are formed integrally therewith, in such a way that the two second connecting elements 308 'form-fitting in the first connecting elements 306' immerse.
- a bottom 134 'of the guitar 102' opposite the top 134 ' is also referred to as bottom 146'. It is connected via a circumferential frame 148 'to the ceiling 134', for example, material and / or non-positive, in particular by gluing means of a suitable adhesive.
- the construction of the floor 146 ' is shown in detail in FIGS. 41 to 50. It comprises a bottom plate 150 ', which is not flat, but curved with a radius 152', which is in a range of about 30 to 70 meters, preferably about 50 meters.
- the bottom plate 150 'thus forms a section of a hollow sphere with a constant wall thickness.
- the bottom 146 'otherwise has in plan view the typical shape of a body 104' of a classical guitar or a western guitar.
- a support means 154' which comprises a floor support means designated by reference numeral 156 '.
- the floor support means 156 ' comprises a floor longitudinal beam 158', which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 114 'and three substantially transversely to this extending floor crossbar 160', 162 'and 164'.
- the floor support means 156 ' is integrally formed as a whole and also integral with the bottom 146'.
- the frame ring 172 ' comprises two frame sections 176' formed symmetrically to a mirror plane 174 'containing the longitudinal axis 114'. Outside surfaces 178 'of the rim 172' are oriented perpendicular to the inside 170 '.
- An inner surface 180 'of the frame collar 172' encloses an acute angle with the outer surface 178 ', as shown schematically in FIG. 49.
- a transition region 316 'between the inner side 170' and the inner surface 180 ' is rounded.
- a gap 186' is formed at the other end of the body 104 '.
- the gap 184 ' is bounded by a substantially V-shaped frame portion 177' in plan view, so that a receptacle 320 'pointing inwards from the edge 168' is formed.
- the bottom plate 150 ' closes the receptacle 320' on one side.
- a height 188 'of the floor crossbars 160', 162 'and 164' varies as a function of the distance 190 'from the mirror plane 174' and the longitudinal axis 114 ', respectively.
- the function has an absolute maximum 192 'of the height 188' from the mirror plane 174 'to a free end 194 where the height 188' in the floor crossbars 160 'and 162' is zero, each of these two floor crossbars at its ends 194 'So the height 188' of Zero.
- Local minima 196 'of the function of the height 188' have, in particular, the floor crossbar 162 'adjacent to the floor longitudinal beam 159' and mirror-symmetrical to the mirror plane 174 '.
- a thickness of the floor crossbars 160', 162 'and 164' is equal to a thickness of the bottom longitudinal beam 158 '. Due to the particular configuration of the floor crossbars 160 ', 162' and 164 ', each has three concave floor crossbeam surfaces 198' and 200 'facing away from the inside and toward the ceiling 134', the floor crossbeam surfaces 198 'extending between relative maxima and the free ends 194 'extend the bottom crossbar side surface 200' between the absolute maxima 192 'and relative maxima.
- a width 202 'of the floor crossbars 160', 162 'and 164' is different and preferably changes several times with increasing distance from the mirror plane 174 '. All floor crossbars 160 ', 162' and 164 'have a width 202', which is about the same size on average and about an average width of the bottom longitudinal beam 158 'corresponds. Due to the curved, pear-shaped shape of the bottom plate 150, the floor crossbars 160 ', 162' and 164 'also have different lengths. Only the floor crossbar 162 'reaches up to the frame ring 172', the other two floor crossbars 160 'and 164' are spaced apart to the frame ring 172 'in the bottom 164' on. Further, a width 202 'of the floor crossbars 160', 162 'and 164 varies as a function of the height 188', as shown in Figure 25 by the schematically drawn reduced width 203 '.
- the ceiling 134 ' includes a ceiling plate 204' which has a constant thickness and a radius of curvature 206 'which is in a range of preferably 30 meters to 70 meters. Preferably, the radius is about 50 meters.
- the ceiling plate 204 ' forms a section of a thin hollow sphere. However, it is also optionally conceivable that the ceiling plate 204 'forms a section of an ellipsoid so that a curvature of the ceiling plate 204' is not constant.
- a ceiling support 210' is formed, which forms part of the support 154 '. It serves to reinforce and stabilize the ceiling 134 '.
- the ceiling support means 210 ' comprises ceiling beams 212', 214 ', 216', 217 'and 218', which are arranged and formed symmetrically to the mirror plane 174 '.
- the ceiling support device 210 ' comprises a sound hole support projection 220', which extends substantially concentric with the sound hole 128 'but slightly spaced therefrom on a side facing away from the neck 108' and the two ceiling beams 212 'and 214', which mirror-symmetrically to the mirror plane 174 'arranged and formed, interconnecting.
- a height 222 'of the sound hole supporting projection 220' is about as large as a maximum height 224 'of the ceiling beam 212'.
- the ceiling beams 212 ', 214', 216 ', 217' and 218 ' are not parallel to each other, but are curved at least in sections in a plan view.
- the ceiling beams 214 'and 216' converge in the mirror plane 174 'and enclose therebetween an angle 226', which is preferably an acute angle, which preferably has a value in a range of 50 ° to 80 °.
- the ceiling beams 217 ' are formed mirror-symmetrically to the mirror plane 174' and form from the ceiling beam 216 'in the direction of a neck 108' away facing, lower end of the body 104 'facing branches.
- the ceiling beams 218 ' form a branch branching off from the ceiling beam 216' which extends between the ceiling beams 216 'and 217'.
- a Zargenkranz 228 ' is formed, which comprises two symmetrically to the mirror plane 174' formed Zargenkranzabitese 230 ', the free ends of each leave a gap 232' and 234 'free, once the Gap 184 'of the bottom 146' and the gap 186 'opposite.
- a height 236 'of the crown ring 228' corresponds to the height 224 '.
- An outer surface 238 'of the Zargenkranzabitese 230' extends in section as for example in Figure 35 schematically represented perpendicular to the inner side 208 ', but is reset by the distance 240' with respect to a laterally from the ceiling 134 'facing away edge 242' inwards.
- the distance 240 ' corresponds to the thickness of the frame 148'.
- the gap 232 ' is delimited by a substantially V-shaped frame portion 229' in plan view, so that a receptacle 321 'pointing inwards from the edge 242' is formed.
- the ceiling plate 204 ' closes the receptacle 321' on one side.
- the ceiling beam 212 ', 214', 216 'and 218' close with free ends directly to the two Zargenkranzabitese 230 '.
- the other free ends of the ceiling beams 212 'and 214' respectively converge towards each other and form common portions with the sound hole supporting projection 220 '.
- Free end portions 244 'of the ceiling beams 217' are provided with a ceiling beam side surface 248 'that are concavely curved away from the inside 208' and toward the bottom 146 '. Free ends of the ceiling beams 217 ', which are oriented away from the neck 108', go into the ceiling plate 204 ', thus have at their ends 252' a height of zero.
- Cross sections of the ceiling beams 214 ', 216', 217 'and 218' are shown schematically in Figures 35 to 40. These have a substantially trapezoidal shape with two mutually inclined, an acute angle enclosing side surfaces 254 '.
- An upper side 256 'of the ceiling beams 214', 216 ', 217' and 218 ' is completely rounded and thus essentially forms the section of a cylindrical surface.
- a substantially triangular in plan view region 326 ' which extends between the ceiling beam 216' and merges into it, is significantly lower than the ceiling beams 216 'and goes in the direction of the gap 234' continuously in the ceiling plate 204 'over.
- the region 326 ' forms a web reinforcement projection 262' of the ceiling support 210 '.
- the web reinforcement projection 262 ' is positioned so that on an outer side 268' of the ceiling 134 'the web 136' can be secured directly over the web reinforcement projection 262 'by means of the first and second connecting elements 306' and 308 '.
- the web reinforcement projection 262 'thus forms a thickening of the ceiling plate 204' in the area in which the web 136 'is fixed in order to avoid tearing of the ceiling plate 204'.
- the fret bar 124 ' is schematically illustrated, which comprises an elongate section 270', which thickens in the direction of the body 104 '. From a flattened end 272 ', a connecting projection 274' extends in the direction of the body 104 ', which connecting projection 274' is dimensioned such that it is inserted into the receptacles 320 'and 321' defined by the gaps 184 'and 232' can be connected to the body 104 material and / or non-positively, in particular by gluing and possibly also with fasteners.
- Two lateral incisions 328 ' which are oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis 114', form receptacles for free ends of the frame 148 ', which is interrupted in the region of the gaps 184' and 232 '.
- the connecting projection 274 ' has in plan view, as shown for example in Figure 51, a substantially V-shaped outer contour, which corresponds to the receptacles 320' and 321 '.
- a side view perpendicular to the plan view, as shown for example in Figure 52 a directed towards the body recess 338 'can be seen.
- a top surface 340 ', which abuts the ceiling 134', and a bottom surface 342 'of the connecting projection 274', which bears against the bottom 146 ', are each flat and pass over an edge in each case into an edge surface 344' or 345 '.
- the edge surface 344 ' is directly on the Zargenkranzabites 229', the edge surface 345 'directly on Zargenkranzabites 177'.
- an optimal coupling of the neck 108 'to the body 104' can be achieved.
- the head 110 adjoins an end of the section 170' pointing away from the body 104 ', which is slightly inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 114' relative to the fret bar 124 'and encloses an acute angle therewith.
- the fret bar 124 'and the head 110' form a unit made of a solid material by milling.
- the web 136 'shown schematically in FIGS. 58 to 61 has a substantially parallelepiped shape and has a groove 282' extending somewhat obliquely to a longitudinal axis 280 'defined by the web 136' and into which the strip 140 'protruding beyond the web 136' is formed. is used on which the strings rest.
- the attachment points 138 'each include a bore 284' and may optionally as in the web 136 have a short in the direction of the sound hole 128 'down inclined groove into which the strings can be pulled and clamped with a fastener button, not shown in the bore 284' ,
- the web 136 ' is also integrally formed and manufactured by milling or drilling.
- the fingerboard 126 ' is also integrally formed and made by milling. It is mounted on the upper side 276 'of the fret bar 124' and extends with its one end 290 'as far as the sound hole 128'. The opposite end 292 'extends to the transition region between the portion 270' and the head 110 '.
- the fingerboard 126' may be provided with a plurality of transverse grooves into which the strip-shaped and slightly over-top 296 'frets 130' are inserted to play the guitar 102 'by exerting pressure on a string to reduce their free oscillating length to the length between the selected collar 130 'and the strip 140'.
- the above described schematic construction of the guitar 102 ' can be analogously transferred to other plucked instruments, in particular lute instruments such as mandolins and ukuleles.
- the particular construction of the support means 154 ' may vary from instrument to instrument to achieve particular sound characteristics of the plucking instrument 100'. In principle, it would be conceivable to provide beams on the ceiling 134 ', which correspond to the special construction of the floor crossbeams.
- the mounting frame 300' For mounting the plucking instrument 100 'is preferably the mounting frame 300', in which initially the preformed frame 148 'is inserted.
- the mounting frame 300 ' encloses the frame 148' complete and has a height corresponding to a height of the frame 148 '.
- the mounting frame 300 ' has a recess 332', where between free ends of the Zargel48 'remains a gap, so that the free ends can engage in the notches 328'.
- the wedge-shaped recess 332 ' is closed with a wedge 334' and then fixed so that it can not expand.
- the fret bar 126 ' can be coupled to the frame 148' by, as shown schematically in Figure 26, the fret bar is pushed from above or below in the frame, that the free ends of the frame 148 'in the cuts 328' intervention.
- strips 336 ' can be glued to an inner wall of the frame 148', if they are not already integrally formed on the frame 148 ', in such a way that the strips in a form-fitting or substantially positive fit in the through the beads 318 'and 324' shaped recordings can intervene.
- a cuboid stiffening block 346 ' may optionally be mounted on the two adjoining parts of the frame 148' such that it can dip into the gap 234 ', as can be seen schematically in FIG.
- first and second connecting elements may be provided on the fingerboard 126 'and on the fret bar 124', similar to the first and second connecting elements 306 'and 308', to produce a positive or substantially positive connection between the fingerboard 126 'and the fret bar 124' that is, similar to that between the ceiling 134 'and the bridge 136'.
- the described method for producing a plucking instrument 100 ' enables the production thereof within a very short time.
- thermowood makes the plucking instrument 100 'insensitive to changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. For example, a plucked instrument designed in this way does not become out of tune when brought out of a warm, dry room in the winter, exposed to snow, and then brought back into a warm room.
- the formation of cracks known in conventionally manufactured instruments can likewise be avoided in a simple manner in the described plucking instrument.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012103794A DE102012103794A1 (de) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-04-30 | Akustisches Zupfinstrument und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines akustischen Zupfinstruments |
PCT/EP2013/058933 WO2013164318A2 (de) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-29 | Akustisches zupfinstrument und verfahren zum herstellen eines akustischen zupfinstruments |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2845187A2 true EP2845187A2 (de) | 2015-03-11 |
Family
ID=48325674
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13720900.3A Withdrawn EP2845187A2 (de) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-29 | Akustisches zupfinstrument und verfahren zum herstellen eines akustischen zupfinstruments |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2845187A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012103794A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013164318A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1843894U (de) * | 1961-05-25 | 1961-12-21 | Musikinstrumenten Handwerker G | Zargenloses saiteninstrument. |
AT402865B (de) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-25 | Ziesemann Ruediger | Saiteninstrument |
US6233825B1 (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2001-05-22 | Degroot Richard J. | Metallic stringed musical instrument body and method of making said body |
AU2003902087A0 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2003-05-22 | Australian Native Musical Instruments | Accoustic guitar |
EP1619658A1 (de) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-01-25 | Hans-Peter Wilfer | Hohlkorpus-Musikinstrument, insbesondere Gitarre oder Bassgitarre |
US7863507B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2011-01-04 | Ayers Jeffrey L | Semi-hollow body for stringed instruments |
US20110137442A1 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-09 | Waddle John R | Method for digitally copying parts of existing stringed musical instruments such as violins, violas, or cellos |
IT1401000B1 (it) * | 2010-06-15 | 2013-07-05 | N S M S P A | Cassa armonica perfezionata per un'arpa e procedimento per la sua realizzazione |
-
2012
- 2012-04-30 DE DE102012103794A patent/DE102012103794A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-04-29 EP EP13720900.3A patent/EP2845187A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-04-29 WO PCT/EP2013/058933 patent/WO2013164318A2/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
ANDRÉ WAGENFÜHR ET AL: "Der Einfluss einer thermischen Modifikation von Holz auf im Musikinstrumentenbau relevante Eigenschaften. Teil 2: technologische Eigenschaften, Herstellung und Prüfung von Musikinstrumentenbauteilen", HOLZTECHNOLOGIE, vol. 1, 1 January 2006 (2006-01-01), pages 40 - 44, XP055441889 * |
BEATE BUCHELT ET AL: "Thermisch modifizierte Furniere für dekorative Zwecke", HOLZ-ZENTRALBLATT, no. 6, 11 February 2011 (2011-02-11), pages 156, XP055441890 * |
See also references of WO2013164318A2 * |
WAGENFÜHR A ET AL: "Investigations on the characterisation of thermally modified spruce for sound boards of guitars", HOLZ ALS ROHUND WERKSTOFF ; EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS, SPRINGER, BERLIN, DE, vol. 64, no. 4, 11 November 2005 (2005-11-11), pages 313 - 316, XP019397124, ISSN: 1436-736X * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102012103794A1 (de) | 2013-10-31 |
WO2013164318A2 (de) | 2013-11-07 |
WO2013164318A3 (de) | 2014-05-08 |
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