EP2841237B1 - Machine tool that can be guided manually and having a housing - Google Patents
Machine tool that can be guided manually and having a housing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2841237B1 EP2841237B1 EP13721257.7A EP13721257A EP2841237B1 EP 2841237 B1 EP2841237 B1 EP 2841237B1 EP 13721257 A EP13721257 A EP 13721257A EP 2841237 B1 EP2841237 B1 EP 2841237B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- outer housing
- machine tool
- hand
- support devices
- electric drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/006—Vibration damping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hand-held machine tool, in particular a hand-held oscillation machine tool with an outer housing extending essentially along a longitudinal axis and having a grip area which is provided for grasping around and for guiding the machine tool with a user's hand.
- Hand-held machine tools are known from the prior art, the housings of which are either firmly screwed to the drive devices of the machine tool or have housings which consist of shell components, mostly half-shells, which are firmly connected to one another.
- the housings of the machine tools known in the prior art are at least partially in contact with the elements of the drive device, whereby vibrations from these drive devices are transmitted directly to the housing, which so with the Drive devices vibrate, as a result of which work safety and the ease of use of such a machine tool are impaired.
- EP 1 752 259 A1 discloses an electric hand tool device comprising a motor arranged in a motor housing and a gearbox for coupling the motor to a tool, the gearbox being mounted in a separate gearbox housing, the motor being fixed to the gearbox housing and freely arranged in the motor housing and the gearbox housing being decoupled from the motor housing in terms of vibration is connected to this.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a hand-guided machine tool with improved ease of use.
- a hand-guided machine tool can in particular also be a hand-guided oscillation machine tool.
- a hand-guided machine tool has an outer housing that extends essentially along a longitudinal axis and has a grip area which is provided for grasping around and for guiding the machine tool with one hand of a user.
- An electrical drive unit which rotates a drive shaft of the machine tool, is accommodated essentially within this outer housing.
- the axis of rotation of the drive shaft is aligned essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the outer housing or can also coincide with this.
- a tool device is arranged at a first end of the electric drive unit and is arranged in a first end region of the outer housing.
- the tool device serves to transmit the drive torque of the electric drive unit to a tool which is preferably arranged on the tool device.
- the tool device can have various elements such as gears, clutches and the like. Both the electric drive unit and the tool unit can be designed in several parts.
- the machine tool preferably has a tool holder, the drive axis of which is also pivoted at an angle with respect to the drive axis of the electric drive element can be arranged.
- the tool holder can be arranged at an outer end of the drive axis, but it can also be arranged in an area spaced apart from the end of the tool device.
- the tool holder can also be arranged in a recess in the area of the drive shaft in the tool device, into which a tool can be inserted.
- the tools that can be used with the machine tool are used in particular for cutting, drilling, grinding, sawing, rasping or other machining, removing or reshaping machining processes.
- vibrations and shocks occur on the tool device.
- the electric drive unit and the tool device in which the respective drive shaft rotates during operation of the machine tool, are subjected to shocks and vibrations resulting from the drive of the tool, the tool movement and the machining process on the tool attached to the drive shaft.
- the drive devices of the hand-held machine tool are essentially mechanically decoupled from the outer housing. In this way, a direct transmission of the movements of the drive devices to the outer housing guided by the user is essentially interrupted.
- mechanically decoupled means that the electric drive unit is arranged to be largely movable with respect to the outer housing.
- the outer housing of the hand-held machine tool has a center of mass. This is arranged in relation to the length of the outer housing along the longitudinal axis in a section which extends essentially from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end region, that is, preferably to the rear.
- a front section of the grip area, in which the user grasps and guides the hand-held machine tool, is preferably located approximately in the area of the geometric center of the outer housing - also seen in relation to the longitudinal axis.
- a grip device is arranged on the outer housing in the section in which the grip area is located, which supports the user when grasping and guiding the machine tool, such as in particular a rubber coating and / or a recessed grip.
- a handle device can be arranged completely within the handle area, but it can also be arranged, in particular for ergonomic or aesthetic reasons, only in a part of the handle area and / or protrude from it.
- the amplitude of the oscillation is usually lowest in the center of mass of an object excited by oscillation.
- vibrations of the outer housing of a machine tool have a lesser effect in the area of its center of mass than in areas of the outer housing that are further away from the center of mass. If the center of gravity of an outer housing, which is mechanically decoupled from the drive devices, lies in an area which extends from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end area, then this is within the user's grasp. Due to the favorable arrangement of the grip area in terms of vibration technology, the ease of use of the hand-held machine tool is improved.
- the tool device is essentially rigidly coupled to the electric drive unit.
- the tool device can be arranged directly at a first end of the electric drive unit. It is also possible that the tool device is connected indirectly, for example with the interposition of another device, such as a fan device, to the electric drive unit, which is preferably also essentially rigidly coupled to the electric drive unit.
- rigidly coupled means that these devices are mechanically coupled, as a result of which movements, including those of a high frequency, such as vibrations, are transmitted from one element to the other regardless of their effective direction.
- a rigid connection or coupling can therefore also be implemented by means of an integral construction or the like.
- the devices of the machine tool which are preferably not mechanically coupled to the drive devices such as the electric drive unit or the tool device in order to perform their function, are arranged on the outer housing of the machine tool so as to be movable and thus mechanically decoupled.
- the mass of the outer housing is increased by the mass of these devices and the tendency of the outer housing to vibrate is reduced.
- operating devices of the machine tool such as on / off switches, power regulators or other setting devices, which are anyway arranged in the area of the outer housing, come into consideration.
- control devices of the machine tool that are arranged within the outer housing, such as in particular the drive motor or fan control, are mechanically coupled to the outer housing.
- the vibration load on the control device is also reduced, which also leads to a longer service life and less susceptibility to errors of the control device.
- these devices are arranged in the preferably rear area of the machine tool facing away from the first end area, the center of gravity of the outer housing is shifted from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from its first end area.
- At least one supply device of the hand-held machine tool in particular a device for supplying an electrical current, is mechanically coupled to the outer housing.
- a device for supplying an electrical current to the drive device of the machine tool can in particular be a supply line for supplying a mains current and a connection to the same on the housing.
- a supply device of the machine tool can also be an in particular independent device for providing electrical energy, which in particular stores electrical energy such as a primary or secondary battery or stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy with the help of an energy converter and in particular to the electrical drive device gives.
- These supply devices are preferably arranged behind the electric drive device in a direction facing away from the first end region of the outer housing and are thus preferably located in or from the geometric center of the outer housing behind the grip region of the outer housing.
- the mass of the outer housing is increased by the mass of these supply devices and thus both the tendency of the outer housing to vibrate and the The center of gravity of the outer housing is shifted in a direction facing away from the first end region.
- the devices mechanically coupled to the outer housing such as in particular the at least one operating device, the at least one control device and / or the at least one supply device, are essentially mechanically decoupled from the electric drive device. These devices therefore preferably do not transmit any additional movements from the electric drive device or the tool device to the outer housing.
- an additional mass is arranged on the outer housing.
- the outer housing itself can be made heavier; H. have a greater mass.
- H. have a greater mass.
- an additional mass is also preferred to arrange an additional mass in this area, in particular inside the outer housing, or in particular, if this is advantageous in terms of design or ergonomics, also outside the outer housing.
- the center of gravity of the outer housing lies in an area which, starting from the geometric center of the outer housing, extends in a direction facing away from the first end area of the outer housing, in particular up to a distance of 20 % corresponds to the total length of the outer housing, preferably up to a distance which corresponds to 10% of the total length of the outer housing, and particularly preferably at a distance of approximately 7% from the geometric center of the outer housing.
- the center of mass is thus preferably about 15 mm away from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end region.
- the outer housing of the handheld machine tool has a defined inner contour.
- the electric drive unit and the tool device which is preferably essentially rigidly coupled to it, have a preferably defined outer contour, the tool device having a defined outer contour at least as far as it is arranged in the area of the outer housing. If further devices are arranged between the electric drive unit and the tool device, the outer contour of which extends between the electric drive unit and the tool device, these preferably also represent part of the defined outer contour, without being explicitly mentioned below.
- the outer contour of these drive elements and the inner contour of the outer housing are designed in such a way that they are spaced apart from one another by a predetermined minimum distance.
- This minimum distance and the air layer thus lying between the outer contour and the inner contour leads to a mechanical decoupling of the electrical drive device and the tool device from the outer housing and thus to increased ease of use.
- the minimum distance also results in a reduction in the heat transferred from the drive unit and the tool device to the housing, which also increases the ease of use for the user.
- first support devices are on the outer contour of the electric drive unit and Tool device and a number N of second support devices are provided on the inner contour of the outer housing.
- the first support devices and the second support devices preferably work together in such a way that they keep the outer contour and the inner contour at this minimum distance from one another.
- the interaction of the first and second support devices keeps the inner contour and thus the outer housing and in particular the grip area of the hand-held machine tool at a distance from the outer contour and thus at a distance from the electric drive unit and the tool device.
- At least one damping element is arranged between a first support device and a second support device and transmits the support forces between a first and a second support device and at the same time maintains the minimum distance between the outer contour and the inner contour.
- the first and second support devices thus enable sufficient transfer of the supporting forces such as the executives from the user to the machine tool and the machining forces from the tool to the user.
- the movements transmitted between the first and second support devices such as in particular shocks or vibrations, are dampened.
- the transmission of higher-frequency oscillations such as vibrations is interrupted. This reduces the transmission of vibrations, shocks and heat from the drive elements to the housing, which significantly improves the work safety and ease of use of the machine tool.
- a damping element suitable for this purpose is on the one hand elastically deformable, but on the other hand opposes the deformation with an internal frictional resistance leading to the damping.
- the support forces between the first and second support devices are transmitted by the force transmission elements arranged between them, preferably predominantly by means of a force fit. This results in a mechanical decoupling of the drive elements from the outer housing.
- the defined inner contour of the outer housing preferably follows, at least in some areas, the defined outer contour of the electric drive device and - as far as the outer housing encloses this - the tool device.
- the outer contour and the inner contour have a minimum distance from one another, which is preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm.
- a number N of first support devices are arranged on the outer contour of the drive elements and a number N of second support devices are arranged on the inner contour of the outer housing.
- a first support device preferably in conjunction with a damping element, interacts with a second support device in each case so that the outer contour and the inner contour - apart from the first and second support devices - have a predetermined minimum distance from one another at every point.
- the number N results in particular from the design of the first and second support devices.
- the geometric design of the outer contour of the electrical drive device and tool device and the geometric design of the outer housing have a further influence on the number N of support devices.
- a first support device preferably in conjunction with a damping element, interacts with a second support device, thereby forming an arrangement of first and second support devices.
- a number thus corresponds to N effective first support devices on the drive elements, preferably the number N effective second support devices on the outer housing.
- the second support devices are also preferably arranged outside the grip area on the outer housing.
- the inner contour of the outer housing is arranged in the grip area at a minimum distance from the outer contour of the drive elements of the machine tool and can preferably move relative to the outer contour in accordance with the elasticity of the outer housing in this area, which also results in a certain mechanical decoupling of the grip area from the drive elements. This also contributes to the improved ease of use of the machine tool.
- At least two arrangements of first and second support devices are arranged as far away from one another as possible.
- at least one arrangement of first and second support devices is preferably arranged on the tool device and at least one other arrangement of first and second support device is arranged on the end of the electric drive unit opposite the tool device.
- Good guidance of the machine tool by the user is made possible by the at least one arrangement of the first and second support device on the tool device.
- the at least one arrangement of the first and second support device at the end of the electric drive unit opposite the tool device enables a sufficient connection of the electric drive unit to the outer housing and thus in connection with the arrangement of the first and second support device on the tool unit for a sufficient transfer of the executives of the User on the drive devices of the machine tool.
- the outer housing is formed from at least two shell components.
- the dividing plane of at least two shell components of the outer housing preferably runs at least partially in a direction perpendicular to at least one effective axis of at least one, preferably two arrangements of first and second support devices, so that forces that counteract the assembly of the outer housing are supported.
- the at least two shell components of the outer housing are preferably connected to one another in an area in which at least one second support device is arranged, in the direction of the drive axis, positively and / or non-positively, preferably by a screw connection.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary handheld machine tool 10 according to the present invention, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as an oscillation machine tool.
- the outer housing 12 has a defined inner contour and is composed of two housing halves. Furthermore, the outer housing 12 has a handle device 13 arranged on the outer housing and a handle area 21 shown in dashed lines, which the user grasps when using the machine tool.
- the outer housing 12 encloses an electrical drive device that drives the machine tool and a region of the tool device 15, which is arranged in a first end region 3 of the outer housing 12.
- the tool device 15 has a drive shaft 16 driven to oscillate about a drive axis 17, the drive axis 17 being pivoted downward by 90 ° with respect to the rotational axis of the electric drive device, which in the exemplary embodiment coincides with the longitudinal axis 11 of the machine tool.
- a tool holder 18 for receiving a suitable machining tool is arranged at the end of the drive shaft 16.
- the center of mass 27 of the outer housing 12 lies in a housing design as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown by way of example, for example in the area of the marking of the center of mass 27a.
- An on / off switch 22 attached to the outer housing 12 is arranged in the upper area of the exemplary hand-held machine tool 10 and a power regulator 23 attached to the outer housing 12 is arranged in the second end area of the machine tool 10, which is opposite the tool device 15.
- the on / off switch 22 and the power regulator 23 are firmly connected to the outer housing 12 and thus increase the mass of the outer housing 12.
- the masses of the on / off switch 22 and the power regulator 23 shift the center of mass 27 of the outer housing 12 along the longitudinal axis 11 of the machine tool in the direction of the second end region, which lies in a direction facing away from the first end region, to the rear.
- a second center of mass 27b of the outer housing 12 is in the area of geometric center 29 of the outer housing 10, which in Fig. 1 is represented by the axis 29.
- the optimal center of gravity 27 of the external housing 12 shown as an example lies approximately in the middle in the grip area 21 of the machine tool 10 and is indicated by the center of mass 27c shown.
- Fig. 2 shows the exemplary hand-guided machine tool 10 from Fig. 1 , wherein the front half-shell of the outer housing 12 is not shown.
- the drive elements of the machine tool 10, in particular the electrical drive device 14 and the tool device 15 attached to it to form a largely rigid unit, can be seen in this illustration.
- the axis of rotation of the electric drive device 14 coincides with the longitudinal axis 11 of the hand-held machine tool 10.
- the housing connection points which are arranged on the half-shell and at which the two half-shells are connected to one another by means of screw connections can also be seen clearly.
- a first support device 31 is arranged on the tool device 15 in the region in which it is received in the outer housing 12.
- a further first support device 32 is arranged in the rear region of the electric drive unit 14.
- First support devices 31 and 32 are also arranged in the same position on the concealed, opposite side of the tool device 15 and the electric drive unit 14. There are thus two first support devices in front of the grip area 21 at the level of the axis of rotation of the electric drive device 14 31, which serve to transfer the supporting forces from the tool device 15 to the outer housing 12.
- Two first support devices 32 are also arranged behind the grip area 21 at a distance from the longitudinal axis 11 on the side of the electric drive device 14 which is opposite the tool device 15.
- first supporting devices 32 are also arranged behind the grip area 21, which are used to transfer the supporting forces from the electric drive device 14 to the outer housing 12.
- Second support devices are arranged on each of the two housing halves, which cooperate with the first support devices 31 and 32 in order to keep the outer contour and the inner contour at a distance a, which corresponds at least to the minimum distance a, from one another.
- a damping element 39 is arranged between the first supporting devices 31, 32 and the second supporting devices on the outer housing 12, whereby the transmission in particular of supporting forces and vibrations, in particular due to internal frictional forces of the damping element, is mechanically substantially decoupled.
- the support forces are supported by the first and second support devices against the outer housing 12, which, in conjunction with the minimum distance a from the electric drive unit 14 and the tool device 15, is largely decoupled, particularly with regard to vibrations and shocks of these devices.
- Fig. 2 the control device 24 is shown, which is arranged in the rear region of the outer housing 12 of the machine tool 10.
- the control device 24 is mechanically decoupled from the electrical drive device 14 and the tool device 15 and is arranged on the outer housing 12 of the machine tool 10.
- the mass of the control device 24 thus increases the mass of the outer housing 12 and thus reduces the tendency of the outer housing 12 to vibrate
- the supply device 25, which in the exemplary embodiment is represented by the supply of a supply line, is mechanically decoupled from the drive elements 14, 15 of the machine tool 10 and is firmly connected to the outer housing 12 of the machine tool 10.
- two additional masses 26 and 28 are arranged on the outer housing 12 in the rear area of the exemplary embodiment, which masses reduce the tendency of the outer housing to vibrate due to the additional masses to be set into vibration.
- these additional masses 26 and 28 move the center of mass 27 of the outer housing 12 in the illustrated embodiment further along the longitudinal axis 11 in a direction facing away from the first end area by about 15 mm over the geometric center 29 of the outer housing 12, approximately in the middle area of the grip area 21. At this point is in Fig. 1 the marking of the center of mass 27c is shown.
- Fig. 3 shows a vertical section arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the electric drive device 14 through the machine tool 10 in the area of the support device 31 on the tool device 15.
- the outer housing 12 is only covered by the cutting plane in the vertically central area.
- second supporting devices 36 are formed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 11, which cooperate with first support devices 31.
- a damping element 39 is arranged between the first 31 and second 36 support devices.
- the distance a between the outer contour 19 on the tool device 15 and the inner contour 20 of the outer housing 12 can also be clearly seen in this figure.
- the main direction of action of the two arrangements of first and second support devices 31 and 36 intersects longitudinal axis 11 of machine tool 10.
- the structure and mode of action of the arrangements of first and second support devices 31 and 36 is shown in connection with Fig. 4 , which shows an enlarged view of the detail IV, described in more detail.
- Fig. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of a section through an arrangement of first and second support devices 31 and 36 with damping element 39 arranged in between.
- the first support device 31 is designed in the form of a rotationally symmetrical recess which has the shape of a hollow spherical cap in its end region.
- the second support device 36 is designed in the form of a rotationally symmetrical pin, which is designed correspondingly dome-shaped in its end region.
- the diameters D1 and D2 of the recess and pin as well as the radii R1 and R2 of the hollow dome and dome-shaped areas of the recess and the pin engaging therein are matched to one another in connection with the dimensions and material properties of the damping element 39 arranged in between so that the damping element 39 in mounted state in each direction in which a support of forces F is to take place, has a desired bias.
- the forces - at least up to a certain magnitude - are transmitted through the damping element 39 in frictional engagement without the respective first and second support devices "blocking" that is, a form fit between the support devices 31 and 36 being formed.
- the range of the effective directions of the forces F which the in Fig. 4
- the illustrated arrangement of first and second supporting devices 31 and 36 with interposed ones Can support force transmission element 39 is indicated in this illustration by the arrows "F".
- This exemplary embodiment uses, in order to maintain a predetermined minimum distance a between the outer contour 19 of the electric drive unit 14 and tool device 15 and the inner contour 20 of the outer housing 12, first and second support devices 31, 32, 36 between which a damping element 39 is arranged.
- first and second support devices 31, 32, 36 between which a damping element 39 is arranged.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine handführbare Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere eine handführbare Oszillations-Werkzeugmaschine mit einem sich im wesentlichen entlang einer Längsachse erstreckenden Außengehäuse, welches einen Griffbereich aufweist, der zum Umgreifen und zum Führen der Werkzeugmaschine durch eine Hand eines Benutzers vorgesehen ist.The present invention relates to a hand-held machine tool, in particular a hand-held oscillation machine tool with an outer housing extending essentially along a longitudinal axis and having a grip area which is provided for grasping around and for guiding the machine tool with a user's hand.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind handführbare Werkzeugmaschinen bekannt, deren Gehäuse entweder fest mit den Antriebseinrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine verschraubt sind oder Gehäuse aufweisen, welche aus Schalenbauteilen, zumeist Halbschalen bestehen, die miteinander fest verbunden werden. Um eine gute Führung der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschinen bei der Bearbeitung von Werkstücken zu ermöglichen, liegen die Gehäuse der im Stand der Technik bekannten Werkzeugmaschinen wenigstens bereichsweise an den Elementen der Antriebseinrichtung an, wodurch Vibrationen von diesen Antriebseinrichtungen unmittelbar auf das Gehäuse übertragen werden, welche so mit den Antriebseinrichtungen vibrieren, wodurch die Arbeitssicherheit und der Handhabungskomfort einer solchen Werkzeugmaschine beeinträchtigt wird.Hand-held machine tools are known from the prior art, the housings of which are either firmly screwed to the drive devices of the machine tool or have housings which consist of shell components, mostly half-shells, which are firmly connected to one another. In order to enable good guidance of the hand-held machine tools when machining workpieces, the housings of the machine tools known in the prior art are at least partially in contact with the elements of the drive device, whereby vibrations from these drive devices are transmitted directly to the housing, which so with the Drive devices vibrate, as a result of which work safety and the ease of use of such a machine tool are impaired.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine handführbare Werkzeugmaschine mit einem verbesserten Handhabungskomfort zur Verfügung zu stellen.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a hand-guided machine tool with improved ease of use.
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Lehre des unabhängigen Anspruchs erreicht. Zu bevorzugende Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This is achieved according to the invention by the teaching of the independent claim. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims.
Eine erfindungsgemäße handführbare Werkzeugmaschine kann insbesondere auch eine handführbare Oszillations-Werkzeugmaschine sein. Eine solche handführbare Werkzeugmaschine weist ein sich im wesentlichen entlang einer Längsachse erstreckendes Außengehäuse mit einem Griffbereich auf, der zum Umgreifen und zum Führen der Werkzeugmaschine durch eine Hand eines Benutzers vorgesehen ist. Im wesentlichen innerhalb dieses Außengehäuses ist eine elektrische Antriebseinheit aufgenommen, welche eine Antriebswelle der Werkzeugmaschine rotierend antreibt. Dabei ist die Rotationsachse der Antriebswelle im wesentlichen parallel zu einer Längsachse des Außengehäuses ausgerichtet oder kann auch mit dieser zusammenfallen. An einem ersten Ende der elektrischen Antriebseinheit ist eine Werkzeugeinrichtung angeordnet, welche in einem ersten Endbereich des Außengehäuses angeordnet ist.A hand-guided machine tool according to the invention can in particular also be a hand-guided oscillation machine tool. Such a hand-guided machine tool has an outer housing that extends essentially along a longitudinal axis and has a grip area which is provided for grasping around and for guiding the machine tool with one hand of a user. An electrical drive unit, which rotates a drive shaft of the machine tool, is accommodated essentially within this outer housing. The axis of rotation of the drive shaft is aligned essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the outer housing or can also coincide with this. A tool device is arranged at a first end of the electric drive unit and is arranged in a first end region of the outer housing.
Die Werkzeugeinrichtung dient zur Übertragung des Antriebsmoments der elektrischen Antriebseinheit auf ein bevorzugt an der Werkzeugeinrichtung angeordnetes Werkzeug. Zur Übertragung der Antriebsleistung der elektrischen Antriebseinheit auf ein Werkzeug kann die Werkzeugeinrichtung verschiedene Elemente wie Getriebe, Kupplungen und dergleichen aufweisen. Dabei kann sowohl die elektrische Antriebseinheit als auch die Werkzeugeinheit mehrteilig ausgebildet sein. Vorzugsweise weist die Werkzeugmaschine an dem der elektrischen Antriebseinheit gegenüberliegenden Ende der Werkzeugeinrichtung eine Werkzeugaufnahme auf, deren Antriebsachse auch in einem Winkel gegenüber der Antriebsachse des elektrischen Antriebselements verschwenkt angeordnet sein kann. Grundsätzlich kann die Werkzeugaufnahme an einem äußeren Ende der Antriebsachse angeordnet sein, sie kann jedoch auch in einem vom Ende der Werkzeugeinrichtung beabstandeten Bereich angeordnet sein. Beispielsweise kann die Werkzeugaufnahme auch in einer Ausnehmung im Bereich der Antriebswelle in der Werkzeugeinrichtung angeordnet sein, in welche ein Werkzeug eingesetzt werden kann. Die mit der Werkzeugmaschine verwendbaren Werkzeuge dienen insbesondere zum Schneiden, Bohren Schleifen, Sägen, Raspeln oder zu sonstigen zerspanenden, abtragenden oder umformenden Bearbeitungsvorgängen. Durch die Antriebs- und Bearbeitungsvorgänge am Bearbeitungswerkzeug und die Massenträgheit des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs, das an der Werkzeugeinrichtung angeordnet ist, treten an der Werkzeugeinrichtung Vibrationen und Stöße auf.The tool device serves to transmit the drive torque of the electric drive unit to a tool which is preferably arranged on the tool device. To transmit the drive power of the electric drive unit to a tool, the tool device can have various elements such as gears, clutches and the like. Both the electric drive unit and the tool unit can be designed in several parts. At the end of the tool device opposite the electric drive unit, the machine tool preferably has a tool holder, the drive axis of which is also pivoted at an angle with respect to the drive axis of the electric drive element can be arranged. In principle, the tool holder can be arranged at an outer end of the drive axis, but it can also be arranged in an area spaced apart from the end of the tool device. For example, the tool holder can also be arranged in a recess in the area of the drive shaft in the tool device, into which a tool can be inserted. The tools that can be used with the machine tool are used in particular for cutting, drilling, grinding, sawing, rasping or other machining, removing or reshaping machining processes. As a result of the drive and machining processes on the machining tool and the inertia of the machining tool, which is arranged on the tool device, vibrations and shocks occur on the tool device.
Die elektrische Antriebseinheit und die Werkzeugeinrichtung, in welchen während des Betriebs der Werkzeugmaschine die jeweilige Antriebswelle rotiert, werden mit Stößen und Vibrationen beaufschlagt, welche aus dem Antrieb des Werkzeugs, der Werkzeugbewegung und dem Bearbeitungsvorgang an dem an der Antriebswelle befestigten Werkzeug resultieren. Die Antriebseinrichtungen der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine sind gegenüber dem Außengehäuse im wesentlichen mechanisch entkoppelt. Damit wird eine unmittelbare Übertragung der Bewegungen der Antriebseinrichtungen auf das vom Benutzer geführte Außengehäuse im wesentlichen unterbrochen. In bezug auf die Erfindung heißt mechanisch entkoppelt, dass die elektrische Antriebseinheit gegenüber dem Außengehäuse weitgehend beweglich angeordnet ist. Das heißt, dass keine wesentliche mechanische Übertragung der Bewegungen der Antriebseinrichtungen auf das Außengehäuse, sondern insbesondere nur eine gedämpfte Übertragung einer Restvibration, insbesondere höherfrequenter Schwingungen in zumindest einer Wirkrichtung, bevorzugt in zwei, und besonders bevorzugt keine wesentliche Übertragung in einer der drei Raumrichtungen erfolgt. Das Außengehäuse der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine weist bereits daher einen verbesserten Handhabungskomfort gegenüber einem mechanisch mit Antriebselementen gekoppelten Außengehäuse auf.The electric drive unit and the tool device, in which the respective drive shaft rotates during operation of the machine tool, are subjected to shocks and vibrations resulting from the drive of the tool, the tool movement and the machining process on the tool attached to the drive shaft. The drive devices of the hand-held machine tool are essentially mechanically decoupled from the outer housing. In this way, a direct transmission of the movements of the drive devices to the outer housing guided by the user is essentially interrupted. With regard to the invention, mechanically decoupled means that the electric drive unit is arranged to be largely movable with respect to the outer housing. This means that there is no substantial mechanical transmission of the movements of the drive devices to the outer housing, but in particular only a damped transmission of residual vibration, in particular higher-frequency vibrations in at least one effective direction, preferably in two, and particularly preferably no substantial transmission in one of the three spatial directions. The outer housing of the handheld machine tool therefore already has an improved one Handling convenience compared to an outer housing mechanically coupled with drive elements.
Das Außengehäuse der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine weist einen Massenschwerpunkt auf. Dieser ist in Bezug auf die Länge des Außengehäuses entlang der Längsachse in einem Abschnitt angeordnet, der sich im Wesentlichen von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses aus in eine von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandte Richtung, also bevorzugt nach hinten erstreckt. Vorzugsweise liegt etwa im Bereich der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses - ebenfalls in Bezug auf die Längsachse gesehen - ein vorderer Abschnitt des Griffbereichs, in welchem der Benutzer die handführbare Werkzeugmaschine umgreift und führt. Weiter vorzugsweise ist am Außengehäuse in dem Abschnitt, in dem sich der Griffbereich befindet, eine Griffeinrichtung angeordnet, welche den Benutzer beim Umgreifen und Führen der Werkzeugmaschine unterstützt, wie insbesondere eine Gummierung und/ oder eine Griffmulde. Dabei kann eine Griffeinrichtung vollständig innerhalb des Griffbereichs angeordnet sein, sie kann aber insbesondere auch aus ergonomischen oder ästhetischen Gründen nur in einem Teil des Griffbereichs angeordnet sein und/ oder aus diesem heraus ragen.The outer housing of the hand-held machine tool has a center of mass. This is arranged in relation to the length of the outer housing along the longitudinal axis in a section which extends essentially from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end region, that is, preferably to the rear. A front section of the grip area, in which the user grasps and guides the hand-held machine tool, is preferably located approximately in the area of the geometric center of the outer housing - also seen in relation to the longitudinal axis. Further preferably, a grip device is arranged on the outer housing in the section in which the grip area is located, which supports the user when grasping and guiding the machine tool, such as in particular a rubber coating and / or a recessed grip. A handle device can be arranged completely within the handle area, but it can also be arranged, in particular for ergonomic or aesthetic reasons, only in a part of the handle area and / or protrude from it.
Im Massenschwerpunkt eines durch Schwingung angeregten Gegenstands ist die Amplitude der Schwingung gewöhnlich am geringsten. Damit wirken sich beispielsweise Vibrationen des Außengehäuses einer Werkzeugmaschine im Bereich seines Massenschwerpunkts im geringeren Maße aus, als an vom Massenschwerpunkt entfernteren Bereichen des Außengehäuses. Liegt der Massenschwerpunkt eines gegenüber den Antriebseinrichtungen mechanisch entkoppelten Außengehäuses in einem Bereich, der sich von der geometrischer Mitte des Außengehäuses aus in einer von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandten Richtung erstreckt, so liegt dieser im Griffbereich des Benutzers. Aufgrund der dadurch schwingungstechnisch günstigen Anordnung des Griffbereichs wird so der Handhabungskomfort der handgeführten Werkzeugmaschine verbessert.The amplitude of the oscillation is usually lowest in the center of mass of an object excited by oscillation. In this way, for example, vibrations of the outer housing of a machine tool have a lesser effect in the area of its center of mass than in areas of the outer housing that are further away from the center of mass. If the center of gravity of an outer housing, which is mechanically decoupled from the drive devices, lies in an area which extends from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end area, then this is within the user's grasp. Due to the favorable arrangement of the grip area in terms of vibration technology, the ease of use of the hand-held machine tool is improved.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Werkzeugeinrichtung im wesentlichen starr mit der elektrischen Antriebseinheit gekoppelt. Die Werkzeugeinrichtung kann dabei unmittelbar an einem ersten Ende der elektrischen Antriebseinheit angeordnet sein. Ebenso ist es auch möglich, dass die Werkzeugeinrichtung mittelbar, beispielsweise unter Zwischenschaltung einer anderen Einrichtung, wie beispielsweise einer Lüftereinrichtung mit der elektrischen Antriebseinheit verbunden ist, welche bevorzugt ebenfalls im wesentlichen starr mit der elektrischen Antriebseinheit gekoppelt ist. Im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung bedeutet starr gekoppelt, dass diese Einrichtungen mechanisch gekoppelt sind, wodurch Bewegungen, auch hochfrequenter Art, wie beispielsweise Vibrationen unabhängig von deren Wirkrichtung von einem auf das andere Element übertragen werden. Eine starre Verbindung bzw. Kopplung kann daher auch mittels einer integralen Bauweise oder dergleichen ausgeführt sein.In a preferred embodiment, the tool device is essentially rigidly coupled to the electric drive unit. The tool device can be arranged directly at a first end of the electric drive unit. It is also possible that the tool device is connected indirectly, for example with the interposition of another device, such as a fan device, to the electric drive unit, which is preferably also essentially rigidly coupled to the electric drive unit. In connection with the present invention, rigidly coupled means that these devices are mechanically coupled, as a result of which movements, including those of a high frequency, such as vibrations, are transmitted from one element to the other regardless of their effective direction. A rigid connection or coupling can therefore also be implemented by means of an integral construction or the like.
Grundsätzlich wird ein Gegenstand, welcher eine größere Masse aufweist, bei gleicher Anregung weniger zum Schwingen bzw. Vibrieren angeregt, als ein Gegenstand mit einer geringeren Masse. In gleicher Weise ist auch die Auswirkung von Stößen auf einen starren Gegenstand größerer Masse geringer, als an einem starren Gegenstand mit geringerer Masse. Daher werden bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform die Einrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine, welche vorzugsweise nicht zur Ausführung ihrer Funktion mechanisch mit den Antriebseinrichtungen wie insbesondere der elektrischen Antriebseinheit oder der Werkzeugeinrichtung gekoppelt sind, gegenüber diesen beweglich, und damit mechanisch entkoppelt am Außengehäuse der Werkzeugmaschine angeordnet. So wird die Masse des Außengehäuses um die Masse dieser Einrichtungen erhöht und damit die Schwingungsneigung des Außengehäuses verringert. Für eine Anordnung am Außengehäuse kommen insbesondere Bedieneinrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine, wie Ein-/ Aus-Schalter, Leistungsregler oder sonstige Einstelleinrichtungen in Betracht, welche ohnehin im Bereich des Außengehäuses angeordnet sind. Bevorzugt werden ebenso insbesondere innerhalb des Außengehäuses angeordnete Steuereinrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine, wie insbesondere die Antriebsmotor- oder Lüftersteuerung mit dem Außengehäuse mechanisch gekoppelt. Neben der Erhöhung der Masse des Außengehäuses verringert sich so insbesondere auch die Schwingungsbelastung der Steuereinrichtung was auch zu einer größeren Lebensdauer und geringeren Fehleranfälligkeit der Steuereinrichtung führt. Zusätzlich wird dadurch, sofern diese Einrichtungen im vorzugsweise hinteren, dem ersten Endbereich abgewandten Bereich der Werkzeugmaschine angeordnet sind, der Massenschwerpunkt des Außengehäuses von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses aus in eine von dessen ersten Endbereich abgewandte Richtung verschoben.In principle, an object that has a greater mass is less excited to oscillate or vibrate with the same excitation than an object with a lower mass. In the same way, the impact of impacts on a rigid object of greater mass is less than that on a rigid object of lesser mass. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the devices of the machine tool, which are preferably not mechanically coupled to the drive devices such as the electric drive unit or the tool device in order to perform their function, are arranged on the outer housing of the machine tool so as to be movable and thus mechanically decoupled. The mass of the outer housing is increased by the mass of these devices and the tendency of the outer housing to vibrate is reduced. For an arrangement on the outer housing, operating devices of the machine tool, such as on / off switches, power regulators or other setting devices, which are anyway arranged in the area of the outer housing, come into consideration. Are preferred as well In particular, control devices of the machine tool that are arranged within the outer housing, such as in particular the drive motor or fan control, are mechanically coupled to the outer housing. In addition to increasing the mass of the outer housing, the vibration load on the control device is also reduced, which also leads to a longer service life and less susceptibility to errors of the control device. In addition, if these devices are arranged in the preferably rear area of the machine tool facing away from the first end area, the center of gravity of the outer housing is shifted from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from its first end area.
Bei einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist wenigstens eine Versorgungseinrichtung der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere eine Einrichtung zur Zuführung eines elektrischen Stroms mit dem Außengehäuse mechanisch gekoppelt. Bei einer Einrichtung zur Zuführung eines elektrischen Stroms zur Antriebseinrichtung der Werkzeugmaschine kann es sich insbesondere um eine Zuführleitung für das Zuführen eines Netzstroms sowie eine Anbindung an derselben an das Gehäuse handeln. Ebenso kann es sich bei einer Versorgungseinrichtung der Werkzeugmaschine um eine insbesondere unabhängige Einrichtung zum Bereitstellen von elektrischer Energie handeln, welche insbesondere elektrische Energie speichert wie eine Primär- oder Sekundärbatterie oder chemische Energie speichert und mithilfe eines Energiewandlers in elektrische Energie wandelt und insbesondere an die elektrische Antriebseinrichtung abgibt. Vorzugsweise sind diese Versorgungseinrichtungen in einer von dem ersten Endbereich des Außengehäuses abgewandten Richtung hinter der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung angeordnet und befinden sich damit bevorzugt in oder von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses aus hinter dem Griffbereich des Außengehäuses. So wird einerseits die Masse des Außengehäuses um die Masse dieser Versorgungseinrichtungen erhöht und damit sowohl die Schwingungsneigung des Außengehäuses verringert als auch der Massenschwerpunkt des Außengehäuses in eine von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandten Richtung verschoben.In a further preferred embodiment, at least one supply device of the hand-held machine tool, in particular a device for supplying an electrical current, is mechanically coupled to the outer housing. A device for supplying an electrical current to the drive device of the machine tool can in particular be a supply line for supplying a mains current and a connection to the same on the housing. A supply device of the machine tool can also be an in particular independent device for providing electrical energy, which in particular stores electrical energy such as a primary or secondary battery or stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy with the help of an energy converter and in particular to the electrical drive device gives. These supply devices are preferably arranged behind the electric drive device in a direction facing away from the first end region of the outer housing and are thus preferably located in or from the geometric center of the outer housing behind the grip region of the outer housing. On the one hand, the mass of the outer housing is increased by the mass of these supply devices and thus both the tendency of the outer housing to vibrate and the The center of gravity of the outer housing is shifted in a direction facing away from the first end region.
Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei, wenn die mit dem Außengehäuse mechanisch gekoppelten Einrichtungen wie insbesondere die wenigstens eine Bedieneinrichtung, die wenigstens eine Steuereinrichtung und/ oder die wenigstens eine Versorgungseinrichtung gegenüber der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung im wesentlichen mechanisch entkoppelt sind. Damit übertragen diese Einrichtungen vorzugsweise keine zusätzlichen Bewegungen von der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung oder der Werkzeugeinrichtung auf das Außengehäuse.It is particularly preferred if the devices mechanically coupled to the outer housing, such as in particular the at least one operating device, the at least one control device and / or the at least one supply device, are essentially mechanically decoupled from the electric drive device. These devices therefore preferably do not transmit any additional movements from the electric drive device or the tool device to the outer housing.
Bei einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist, um die Masse des Außengehäuses der Werkzeugmaschine zu erhöhen, am Außengehäuse eine zusätzliche Masse angeordnet. Dabei kann insbesondere das Außengehäuse selbst schwerer ausgeführt sein, d. h. eine größere Masse aufweisen. Hierfür kann insbesondere in solchen Bereichen, bei welchen eine Massenerhöhung zu einer Verschiebung des Massenschwerpunkts des Außengehäuses hin in einen Abschnitt führt, der von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses aus in einer von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandten Richtung angeordnet ist, eine Ausführung mit einer größeren Wandstärke oder mit einem Werkstoff mit höherer spezifischer Dichte bzw. höherem spezifischen Gewicht vorgesehen sein, als dies aus Gründen der Festigkeit erforderlich ist. Ebenso ist es bevorzugt, in diesem Bereich eine zusätzliche Masse insbesondere im Inneren des Außengehäuses, oder insbesondere sofern dies gestalterisch oder ergonomisch vorteilhaft ist, auch außerhalb des Außengehäuses anzuordnen.In a further preferred embodiment, in order to increase the mass of the outer housing of the machine tool, an additional mass is arranged on the outer housing. In particular, the outer housing itself can be made heavier; H. have a greater mass. For this purpose, especially in those areas in which an increase in mass leads to a shift of the center of gravity of the outer housing into a section which is arranged from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end area, a version with a greater wall thickness or be provided with a material with a higher specific density or higher specific weight than is necessary for reasons of strength. It is also preferred to arrange an additional mass in this area, in particular inside the outer housing, or in particular, if this is advantageous in terms of design or ergonomics, also outside the outer housing.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform liegt der Massenschwerpunkt des Außengehäuses bezogen auf die Gesamtlänge des Außengehäuses in einem Bereich, der sich ausgehend von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses in einer von dem ersten Endbereich des Außengehäuses abgewandten Richtung erstreckt, und zwar insbesondere bis zu einem Abstand, welcher 20 % der Gesamtlänge des Außengehäuses entspricht, vorzugsweise bis zu einem Abstand, welcher 10% der Gesamtlänge des Außengehäuses entspricht, und besonders bevorzugt in einem Abstand von etwa 7 % von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses. Bei einem Außengehäuse mit einer Länge von 220 mm liegt der Massenschwerpunkt damit bevorzugt etwa 15 mm von der geometrischen Mitte des Außengehäuses entfernt in einer von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandten Richtung.In a preferred embodiment, the center of gravity of the outer housing, based on the total length of the outer housing, lies in an area which, starting from the geometric center of the outer housing, extends in a direction facing away from the first end area of the outer housing, in particular up to a distance of 20 % corresponds to the total length of the outer housing, preferably up to a distance which corresponds to 10% of the total length of the outer housing, and particularly preferably at a distance of approximately 7% from the geometric center of the outer housing. In the case of an outer housing with a length of 220 mm, the center of mass is thus preferably about 15 mm away from the geometric center of the outer housing in a direction facing away from the first end region.
Weiterhin weist das Außengehäuse der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine eine definierte Innenkontur auf. Entsprechend weisen die elektrische Antriebseinheit und die mit dieser vorzugsweise im wesentlichen starr gekoppelte Werkzeugeinrichtung eine bevorzugt definierte Außenkontur auf, wobei die Werkzeugeinrichtung zumindest soweit eine definierte Außenkontur aufweist, soweit diese im Bereich des Außengehäuses angeordnet ist. Sofern zwischen der elektrischen Antriebseinheit und der Werkzeugeinrichtung weitere Einrichtungen angeordnet sind, deren Außenkontur sich zwischen der elektrischen Antriebseinheit und der Werkzeugeinrichtung erstreckt, so stellen diese vorzugsweise ebenfalls einen Teil der definierten Außenkontur dar, ohne nachfolgend jeweils explizit erwähnt zu werden. Die Außenkontur dieser Antriebselemente und die Innenkontur des Außengehäuses sind derart ausgebildet, dass diese mit einem vorbestimmten Mindestabstand voneinander beabstandet sind. Dieser Mindestabstand und die damit zwischen der Außenkontur und der Innenkontur liegende Luftschicht führt zu einer mechanischen Entkopplung der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung sowie der Werkzeugeinrichtung von dem Außengehäuse und damit zu einem erhöhten Handhabungskomfort. Zusätzlich ergibt sich durch den Mindestabstand auch eine Reduzierung der von der Antriebseinheit und der Werkzeugeinrichtung auf das Gehäuse übertragenen Wärme, was den Handhabungskomfort für den Benutzer ebenfalls erhöht.Furthermore, the outer housing of the handheld machine tool has a defined inner contour. Correspondingly, the electric drive unit and the tool device, which is preferably essentially rigidly coupled to it, have a preferably defined outer contour, the tool device having a defined outer contour at least as far as it is arranged in the area of the outer housing. If further devices are arranged between the electric drive unit and the tool device, the outer contour of which extends between the electric drive unit and the tool device, these preferably also represent part of the defined outer contour, without being explicitly mentioned below. The outer contour of these drive elements and the inner contour of the outer housing are designed in such a way that they are spaced apart from one another by a predetermined minimum distance. This minimum distance and the air layer thus lying between the outer contour and the inner contour leads to a mechanical decoupling of the electrical drive device and the tool device from the outer housing and thus to increased ease of use. In addition, the minimum distance also results in a reduction in the heat transferred from the drive unit and the tool device to the housing, which also increases the ease of use for the user.
Zur Einhaltung dieses Mindestabstands ist eine Anzahl N erster Abstützeinrichtungen an der Außenkontur von elektrischer Antriebseinheit und Werkzeugeinrichtung sowie eine Anzahl N zweiter Abstützeinrichtungen an der Innenkontur des Außengehäuses vorgesehen. Die ersten Abstützeinrichtungen und die zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen wirken dabei bevorzugt so zusammen, dass sie die Außenkontur und die Innenkontur in diesem Mindestabstand voneinander halten.To maintain this minimum distance, a number N of first support devices are on the outer contour of the electric drive unit and Tool device and a number N of second support devices are provided on the inner contour of the outer housing. The first support devices and the second support devices preferably work together in such a way that they keep the outer contour and the inner contour at this minimum distance from one another.
Durch das Zusammenwirken der ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen wird die Innenkontur und damit das Außengehäuse und insbesondere der Griffbereich der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine in einem Abstand von der Außenkontur und damit in einem Abstand von der elektrischen Antriebseinheit und der Werkzeugeinrichtung gehalten.The interaction of the first and second support devices keeps the inner contour and thus the outer housing and in particular the grip area of the hand-held machine tool at a distance from the outer contour and thus at a distance from the electric drive unit and the tool device.
Bei einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist zwischen einer ersten Abstützeinrichtung und einer zweiten Abstützeinrichtung jeweils wenigstens ein Dämpfungselement angeordnet, welches die Stützkräfte zwischen einer ersten und einer zweiten Abstützeinrichtung überträgt und gleichzeitig den Mindestabstand zwischen der Außenkontur und der Innenkontur hält. Die ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen ermöglichen so eine ausreichende Übertragung der Stützkräfte wie der Führungskräfte vom Benutzer auf die Werkzeugmaschine und der Bearbeitungskräfte vom Werkzeug zum Benutzer. Durch die Anordnung eines solchen Dämpfungselements werden insbesondere die zwischen der ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtung übertragenen Bewegungen wie insbesondere Stöße oder Vibrationen gedämpft. Dabei wird insbesondere die Übertragung von höherfrequenten Schwingungen wie Vibrationen unterbrochen. So wird die Übertragung von Vibrationen, Stößen und Wärme der Antriebselemente an das Gehäuse reduziert, womit sich die Arbeitssicherheit und der Handhabungskomfort der Werkzeugmaschine deutlich verbessert.In a further preferred embodiment, at least one damping element is arranged between a first support device and a second support device and transmits the support forces between a first and a second support device and at the same time maintains the minimum distance between the outer contour and the inner contour. The first and second support devices thus enable sufficient transfer of the supporting forces such as the executives from the user to the machine tool and the machining forces from the tool to the user. By arranging such a damping element, in particular the movements transmitted between the first and second support devices, such as in particular shocks or vibrations, are dampened. In particular, the transmission of higher-frequency oscillations such as vibrations is interrupted. This reduces the transmission of vibrations, shocks and heat from the drive elements to the housing, which significantly improves the work safety and ease of use of the machine tool.
Ein für diesen Zweck geeignetes Dämpfungselement ist einerseits elastisch verformbar, setzt aber andererseits der Verformung einen zu der Dämpfung führenden inneren Reibungswiderstand entgegen. In Verbindung mit einer geeigneten Gestaltung der ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtung werden die Stützkräfte zwischen den ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen von dem dazwischen angeordneten Kraftübertragungselementen vorzugsweise überwiegend durch Kraftschluss übertragen. Hieraus ergibt sich eine mechanische Entkopplung der Antriebselemente gegenüber dem Außengehäuse.A damping element suitable for this purpose is on the one hand elastically deformable, but on the other hand opposes the deformation with an internal frictional resistance leading to the damping. In conjunction with a In a suitable design of the first and second support devices, the support forces between the first and second support devices are transmitted by the force transmission elements arranged between them, preferably predominantly by means of a force fit. This results in a mechanical decoupling of the drive elements from the outer housing.
Die definierte Innenkontur des Außengehäuses folgt bevorzugt zumindest bereichsweise der definierten Außenkontur von elektrischer Antriebseinrichtung und - soweit das Außengehäuse diese umschließt - der Werkzeugeinrichtung. Dabei weisen die Außenkontur und die Innenkontur mit Ausnahme der Bereiche der ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen einen Mindestabstand voneinander auf, der bevorzugt zwischen 1 mm und 3 mm beträgt.The defined inner contour of the outer housing preferably follows, at least in some areas, the defined outer contour of the electric drive device and - as far as the outer housing encloses this - the tool device. With the exception of the areas of the first and second support devices, the outer contour and the inner contour have a minimum distance from one another, which is preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm.
An der Außenkontur der Antriebselemente sind eine Anzahl N erster Abstützeinrichtungen und an der Innenkontur des Außengehäuses eine Anzahl N zweiter Abstützeinrichtungen angeordnet. Dabei wirkt eine erste Abstützeinrichtung bevorzugt in Verbindung mit einem Dämpfungselement so mit jeweils einer zweiten Abstützeinrichtung zusammen, dass die Außenkontur und die Innenkontur - abgesehen von den ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen - an jeder Stelle einen vorbestimmten Mindestabstand voneinander aufweisen. Die Anzahl N ergibt sich insbesondere aus der Gestaltung der ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen. Einen weiteren Einfluss auf die Anzahl N der Abstützeinrichtungen hat die geometrische Gestaltung der Außenkontur von elektrischer Antriebseinrichtung und Werkzeugeinrichtung sowie die geometrische Gestaltung des Außengehäuses. Allgemein ist es bevorzugt, dass jeweils eine erste Abstützeinrichtung bevorzugt in Verbindung mit einem Dämpfungselement mit einer zweiten Abstützeinrichtung zusammenwirkt und dadurch eine Anordnung von erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung gebildet wird. Damit entspricht eine Anzahl N wirksamer erster Abstützeinrichtungen an den Antriebselementen vorzugsweise der Anzahl N wirksamer zweiter Abstützeinrichtungen am Außengehäuse.A number N of first support devices are arranged on the outer contour of the drive elements and a number N of second support devices are arranged on the inner contour of the outer housing. A first support device, preferably in conjunction with a damping element, interacts with a second support device in each case so that the outer contour and the inner contour - apart from the first and second support devices - have a predetermined minimum distance from one another at every point. The number N results in particular from the design of the first and second support devices. The geometric design of the outer contour of the electrical drive device and tool device and the geometric design of the outer housing have a further influence on the number N of support devices. In general, it is preferred that in each case a first support device, preferably in conjunction with a damping element, interacts with a second support device, thereby forming an arrangement of first and second support devices. A number thus corresponds to N effective first support devices on the drive elements, preferably the number N effective second support devices on the outer housing.
Die zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen sind ferner bevorzugt außerhalb des Griffbereichs am Außengehäuse angeordnet. Die Innenkontur des Außengehäuses ist dabei im Griffbereich in einem Mindestabstand von der Außenkontur der Antriebselemente der Werkzeugmaschine angeordnet und kann sich bevorzugt entsprechend der Elastizität des Außengehäuses in diesem Bereich gegenüber der Außenkontur bewegen, woraus zusätzlich eine gewisse mechanische Entkopplung des Griffbereichs von den Antriebselementen resultiert. Dies trägt ebenfalls zum verbesserten Handhabungskomfort der Werkzeugmaschine bei.The second support devices are also preferably arranged outside the grip area on the outer housing. The inner contour of the outer housing is arranged in the grip area at a minimum distance from the outer contour of the drive elements of the machine tool and can preferably move relative to the outer contour in accordance with the elasticity of the outer housing in this area, which also results in a certain mechanical decoupling of the grip area from the drive elements. This also contributes to the improved ease of use of the machine tool.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Werkzeugmaschine sind wenigstens zwei Anordnungen aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung möglichst weit voneinander entfernt angeordnet. Dabei ist vorzugsweise wenigstens eine Anordnung aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung an der Werkzeugeinrichtung und wenigstens eine andere Anordnung aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung an dem der Werkzeugeinrichtung entgegengesetzten Ende der elektrischen Antriebseinheit angeordnet. Über die wenigstens eine Anordnung aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung an der Werkzeugeinrichtung wird eine gute Führung der Werkzeugmaschine durch den Benutzer ermöglicht. Die wenigstens eine Anordnung aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung an dem der Werkzeugeinrichtung entgegengesetzten Ende der elektrischen Antriebseinheit ermöglicht eine ausreichende Verbindung der elektrischen Antriebseinheit mit dem Außengehäuse und damit in Verbindung mit der Anordnung aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung an der Werkzeugeinheit zu einer ausreichenden Übertragung der Führungskräfte des Benutzers auf die Antriebseinrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine. Zudem führt eine solche Gestaltung, insbesondere wenn das entgegengesetzte Ende der elektrischen Antriebseinheit außerhalb des Griffbereichs des Außengehäuses liegt, in Verbindung mit der Elastizität des Außengehäuses zu einer weitgehenden mechanischen Entkopplung des Griffbereichs gegenüber den Vibrationen und Stößen an den Antriebseinrichtungen.In a preferred embodiment of the machine tool, at least two arrangements of first and second support devices are arranged as far away from one another as possible. In this case, at least one arrangement of first and second support devices is preferably arranged on the tool device and at least one other arrangement of first and second support device is arranged on the end of the electric drive unit opposite the tool device. Good guidance of the machine tool by the user is made possible by the at least one arrangement of the first and second support device on the tool device. The at least one arrangement of the first and second support device at the end of the electric drive unit opposite the tool device enables a sufficient connection of the electric drive unit to the outer housing and thus in connection with the arrangement of the first and second support device on the tool unit for a sufficient transfer of the executives of the User on the drive devices of the machine tool. In addition, such a design, in particular when the opposite end of the electric drive unit lies outside the grip area of the outer housing, in conjunction with the elasticity of the outer housing, leads to a extensive mechanical decoupling of the grip area from the vibrations and shocks on the drive devices.
Bei einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Außengehäuse aus mindestens zwei Schalenbauteilen ausgebildet. Dabei verläuft die Teilungsebene mindestens zweier Schalenbauteile des Außengehäuses bevorzugt wenigstens teilweise in einer Richtung senkrecht zu wenigstens einer Wirkachse wenigstens einer, bevorzugt zweier Anordnungen aus erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung, so dass Kräfte, welche dem Zusammenbau des Außengehäuses entgegenwirken, abgestützt werden. Dabei sind die mindestens zwei Schalenbauteile des Außengehäuses vorzugsweise in einem Bereich, in welchem wenigstens eine zweite Abstützeinrichtung angeordnet ist, in Richtung der Antriebsachse miteinander formschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig, vorzugsweise durch eine Schraubverbindung miteinander verbunden.In a further preferred embodiment, the outer housing is formed from at least two shell components. The dividing plane of at least two shell components of the outer housing preferably runs at least partially in a direction perpendicular to at least one effective axis of at least one, preferably two arrangements of first and second support devices, so that forces that counteract the assembly of the outer housing are supported. The at least two shell components of the outer housing are preferably connected to one another in an area in which at least one second support device is arranged, in the direction of the drive axis, positively and / or non-positively, preferably by a screw connection.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung in Zusammenhang mit den Figuren.Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention emerge from the following description in conjunction with the figures.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1:
- eine beispielhafte handführbare Werkzeugmaschine gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 2:
- die beispielhafte handführbare Werkzeugmaschine aus
Fig. 1 ohne die vordere Außengehäuse-Halbschale; - Fig. 3:
- einen vertikalen Schnitt durch eine beispielhafte Werkzeugmaschine; und
- Fig. 4:
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Schnitts durch eine Anordnung von erster und zweiter Abstützeinrichtung, gemäß dem in
Fig. 3 eingezeichneten Ausschnitt IV.
- Fig. 1:
- an exemplary handheld machine tool in accordance with the present invention;
- Fig. 2:
- the exemplary handheld machine tool
Fig. 1 without the front outer housing half-shell; - Fig. 3:
- a vertical section through an exemplary machine tool; and
- Fig. 4:
- an enlarged illustration of a section through an arrangement of first and second support devices, according to the FIG
Fig. 3 section IV.
Der Massenschwerpunkt 27 des Außengehäuses 12 liegt bei einer Gehäusegestaltung, wie sie in der
Die elektrische Antriebseinheit 14 und die Werkzeugeinrichtung 15, soweit diese im Bereich des Außengehäuses 12 angeordnet sind, weisen eine definierte Außenkontur 19 auf. In dieser Darstellung ist ebenfalls erkennbar, dass der Rand der hinteren Halbschale, welcher die Teilungsebene des Außengehäuses 12 und damit auch einen Teil der Innenkontur 20 des Außengehäuses 12 bildet, in einem Abstand a von den Antriebselementen der Werkzeugmaschine 10 angeordnet ist. Ebenfalls gut zu erkennen sind die an der Halbschale angeordneten Gehäuseverbindungsstellen an welchen die beiden Halbschalen mittels Schraubverbindungen miteinander verbunden werden.The electric drive unit 14 and the
An der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 ist in dem Bereich, in dem diese im Außengehäuse 12 aufgenommen ist, eine erste Abstützeinrichtung 31 angeordnet. Eine weitere erste Abstützeinrichtung 32 ist im hinteren Bereich der elektrischen Antriebseinheit 14 angeordnet. An gleicher Position sind auf der verdeckten, gegenüberliegenden Seite der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 und der elektrischen Antriebseinheit 14 ebenfalls erste Abstützeinrichtungen 31 und 32 angeordnet. Damit sind vor dem Griffbereich 21 auf Höhe der Rotationsachse der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung 14 jeweils zwei erste Abstützeinrichtungen 31 angeordnet, welche zur Übertragung der Stützkräfte von der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 auf das Außengehäuse 12 dienen. Auch hinter dem Griffbereich 21 sind in einem Abstand zur Längsachse 11 zwei erste Abstützeinrichtungen 32 an der Seite der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung 14 angeordnet, welche der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 gegenüberliegt. Damit sind auch hinter dem Griffbereich 21 jeweils zwei erste Abstützeinrichtungen 32 angeordnet, welche zur Übertragung der Stützkräfte von der elektrischen Antriebseinrichtung 14 auf das Außengehäuse 12 dienen. An den beiden Gehäusehälften sind jeweils zweite Abstützeinrichtungen angeordnet, welche mit den ersten Abstützeinrichtungen 31 und 32 zusammenwirken, um die Außenkontur und die Innenkontur in einem Abstand a, der zumindest dem Mindestabstand a entspricht, voneinander zu halten.A
Zwischen den ersten Abstützeinrichtungen 31, 32 und den zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen am Außengehäuse 12 ist ein Dämpfungselement 39 angeordnet, wodurch die Übertragung insbesondere von Abstützkräften und Vibrationen insbesondere durch innere Reibungskräfte des Dämpfungselements mechanisch im wesentlichen entkoppelt ist. Durch diesen Aufbau der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine 10 werden die Stützkräfte über die ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen gegenüber dem Außengehäuse 12 abgestützt, wobei dieses in Verbindung mit dem Mindestabstand a von elektrischer Antriebseinheit 14 und der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 insbesondere hinsichtlich Vibrationen und Stößen dieser Einrichtungen weitgehend entkoppelt ist.A damping
Ferner ist in
Zusätzlich zu diesen Einrichtungen der Werkzeugmaschine 10 sind im hinteren Bereich der beispielhaften Ausführungsform zwei zusätzliche Massen 26 und 28 am Außengehäuse 12 angeordnet, welche die Schwingungsneigung des Außengehäuses aufgrund der zusätzlichen in Schwingung zu versetzenden Massen vermindern. Außerdem verschieben diese Zusatzmassen 26 und 28, da sie im hinteren Bereich des Außengehäuses 12 angeordnet sind, den Massenschwerpunkt 27 des Außengehäuses 12 im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weiter entlang der Längsachse 11 in eine von dem ersten Endbereich abgewandte Richtung um etwa 15 mm über die geometrische Mitte 29 des Außengehäuses 12 hinaus, ungefähr in den mittleren Bereich des Griffbereichs 21. An der Stelle ist in
Dieses beispielhafte Ausführungsbeispiel verwendet, um einen vorbestimmten Mindestabstand a zwischen der Außenkontur 19 von elektrischer Antriebseinheit 14 und Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 und der Innenkontur 20 des Außengehäuses 12 zu halten, erste und zweite Abstützeinrichtungen 31, 32, 36 zwischen denen ein Dämpfungselement 39 angeordnet ist. Durch den gezeigten Aufbau der handführbaren Werkzeugmaschine 10 werden die Stützkräfte über die ersten und zweiten Abstützeinrichtungen 31, 32, 36 gegenüber dem Außengehäuse 12 abgestützt, wobei das Außengehäuse 12 im wesentlichen mechanisch gegenüber der elektrischen Antriebseinheit 14 und der Werkzeugeinrichtung 15 entkoppelt ist.This exemplary embodiment uses, in order to maintain a predetermined minimum distance a between the
Claims (10)
- A hand-guided machine tool, in particular a hand-guided oscillation machine tool, with an outer housing (12) extending essentially along a longitudinal axis, which has a gripping region (21) which is provided for a hand of a user to grip around and to guide the machine tool (10),
an electric drive unit (14) essentially accommodated in this outer housing (12), which electric drive unit (14) drives a drive shaft of the machine tool (10) in a rotating manner, wherein the axis of rotation of the drive shaft is oriented essentially parallel to, or coincides with, the longitudinal axis (11) of the outer housing (12),
and a tool device (15) which is arranged in a first end region (3) of the outer housing (12),
wherein, in the mechanical sense, the electric drive unit (14) and the tool device (15) are essentially decoupled from the outer housing (12),
wherein the outer housing (12) has a center of mass (27) which, with respect to the length of the outer housing (12), is arranged along the longitudinal axis (11) in a portion which essentially extends from the geometric center (29) of the outer housing (12) in a direction facing away from the first end region,
wherein the outer housing (12) has a defined inner contour (20), and the electric drive unit (14) and the tool device (15), insofar as they are arranged in the region of the outer housing (12), have a defined outer contour (19),
wherein this outer contour (19) and this inner contour (20) have a predetermined minimum distance from one another, wherein a number N of first support devices (31, 32) are provided on the outer contour (19) and a number N of second support devices are provided on the inner contour (20) in order to maintain this minimum distance, and wherein the first support devices (31, 32) and the second support devices (36) cooperate in order to keep the outer contour (19) and the inner contour (20) at this minimum distance from one another, and
wherein at least one arrangement of first (31, 32) and second (36) support devices is arranged on the electric drive device (14), characterized in that at least one arrangement of first (31, 32) and second (36) support devices is arranged on the tool device (15). - The hand-guided machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool device (15) is essentially rigidly coupled to the electric drive unit (14).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one operating device (22, 23) of the machine tool (10) is mechanically coupled to the outer housing (12).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one control device (24) of the machine tool (10) is mechanically coupled to the outer housing (12).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one supply device (25) of the machine tool (10) is mechanically coupled to the outer housing (12).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, in the mechanical sense, the at least one operating device (22, 23), and / or at least one control device (24), and / or at least one supply device (25) is essentially decoupled from the electric drive device (14).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one additional mass (26, 28) is arranged on the outer housing (12).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one damping element (39) is arranged respectively between each of the first support devices (31, 32) and the second support devices (36).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in relation to the total length of the outer housing (12), the center of gravity (27) of the outer housing (12) is arranged in an area which extends from the geometric center (29) of the outer housing (12) in a direction facing away from the first end region (3) of the outer housing up to a distance which corresponds to 20% of the total length of the outer housing (12), in particular which extends up to a distance which corresponds to 10% of the total length of the outer housing (12), and which is particularly preferably arranged at a distance of about 7% from the geometric center (29) of the outer housing (12).
- The hand-guided machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the center of gravity (27) of the outer housing (12) is arranged approximately 15 mm away from the geometric center (29) of the outer housing (12) in a direction facing away from the first end region.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102012103604A DE102012103604A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Handleable machine tool with housing |
PCT/EP2013/001206 WO2013159903A2 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-22 | Machine tool that can be guided manually and having a housing |
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EP2841237A2 EP2841237A2 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2841237B1 true EP2841237B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
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EP13721257.7A Active EP2841237B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-22 | Machine tool that can be guided manually and having a housing |
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EP (1) | EP2841237B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104245238B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012103604A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013159903A2 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CN104245238B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
DK2841237T4 (en) | 2024-10-14 |
DE102012103604A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
WO2013159903A3 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
EP2841237B2 (en) | 2024-07-10 |
US20150144367A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
EP2841237A2 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
DK2841237T3 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
US10160111B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
CN104245238A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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