EP2836632B1 - Feinstfaservliese und papierähnliche produkte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung - Google Patents

Feinstfaservliese und papierähnliche produkte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2836632B1
EP2836632B1 EP13718498.2A EP13718498A EP2836632B1 EP 2836632 B1 EP2836632 B1 EP 2836632B1 EP 13718498 A EP13718498 A EP 13718498A EP 2836632 B1 EP2836632 B1 EP 2836632B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
papery
gas
microfibre
preparation
resin
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EP13718498.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2836632A1 (de
Inventor
Ralf-Uwe Bauer
Bernd Riedel
Christoph KINDLER
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Smartmelamine d o o
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Smartmelamine d o o
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Priority to SI201330433A priority Critical patent/SI2836632T1/sl
Publication of EP2836632A1 publication Critical patent/EP2836632A1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ultrafine fiber webs and paper-like products which comprise surface-deposited, fibrous flake formations of glass-like solidified, reactive and capable of polymer formation low molecular weight resin melts.
  • a continuous polymer formation and / or functionalization is triggered by targeted, subsequent external action of liquid or gaseous reactants or catalysts.
  • the invention relates to a process for producing the ultrafine nonwoven and paper-like products.
  • meltblown processes are used in the production of ultrafine fiber webs from polymer melts at fiber diameters of less than 10 .mu.m.
  • the melt jet emerging from the nozzle is warped by a gas stream into fine fibers.
  • Characteristic is a parallel or staggered arrangement of spinnerets and the use of hot air at high speed to delay the individual filaments. If the mass flow of blowing gas is sufficiently high, the monofilament is severely distorted and torn off when the breaking point is reached. The result is a stochastic fiber length distribution.
  • WO 2006/037371 a method is described in which continuous fibers are very finely warped.
  • the gas flow used is severely limited by a maximum pre-pressure and the air temperatures are in the range of 15 to 120 ° C at temperatures of the molten polymer of 300 to 400 ° C.
  • the objective of the process is to produce endless filaments without yarn breaks and without bonding the fine fibers together.
  • the mass flow of blown air is indicated by the Limited pressure conditions, there are thermoplastic polymers used.
  • a meltblown process and apparatus are described for producing nonwoven fibrous webs of orientable polymers, especially polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a polymer melt is extruded in the form of fibers which are drawn by a high velocity, hot air stream.
  • the hot air flow is not so intense that the fibers split up.
  • an entanglement or bonding is achieved.
  • the fibers are laid on top of each other in several layers and cut.
  • Subject of the WO 92/16361 is a blow molding process for the production of nonwovens with at least two layers of different fiber types.
  • the fibers are mixed turbulently after extrusion in each case in a high-speed gas stream, for example in an air stream. In the areas in which the gas flows overlap, connect and / or consume the different fiber types together.
  • Reactive, suitable for polymer formation low molecular weight resin melts are not fundamentally suitable due to the physico-chemical properties suitable to form nonwovens. Nevertheless, such a method is in the patent WO 2006/100041 described.
  • the fibers are distorted by a special nozzle design in the gas stream, they tear off with stochastic distribution and yield ultrafine fibers in a random orientation with different fiber lengths. Subsequently, the fibers are treated with a three-dimensional molecular crosslinking initiating medium and self-adhesively bonded and / or cured in a subsequent thermal curing in the fleece.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to develop a cost-effective method for producing Feinstmaschinevliesen and paper-like products, which operates with Mach numbers Ma ⁇ 1, ie below the speed of sound, and the self-bonding of the low molecular weight resin melts exploits in an advantageous manner.
  • gas velocities are preferably bursted in the region of compressible gas flows with 0.2 ⁇ Ma ⁇ 1 and gas temperatures above the melting temperature of the resins.
  • the nozzles are preferably not located at the tip of nozzle cones, as in the WO 2006/100041 A1 but on a spinning beam next to each other.
  • Preferred process conditions are: a melt throughput per nozzle between 1.0 and 1.8 g / min, more preferably about 1.44 g / min, a melt temperature between 120 and 130 ° C, particularly preferably 130 ° C, a temperature of Gas flow between 190 and 230 ° C, more preferably 220 ° C, and gas flow rates of 300 m / s.
  • the gas stream is preferably a hot air stream.
  • the invention accordingly provides a process for the production of ultrafine nonwoven and paper-like products from reactive, thermoplastic, low molecular weight resin melts, which is characterized in that the resin melts in gas media with a gas velocity in the range of 0.2 ⁇ Ma ⁇ 1.0 at a temperature of the gas medium are produced above the melting temperature of the low molecular weight resin used, wherein the resin melts exiting from the nozzle are first warped and split into finely fibrous structures and flocculation takes place, the flakes are laid down to a microfiber or paper-like products and the thermoplastic, low molecular weight resins are condensed be converted into thermosetting resins.
  • the single fiber diameter in the ultrafine nonwoven webs or paper-like products according to the invention is less than 5 ⁇ m. Since it is flake-like structures, not the diameter of individual fibers in the narrower sense meant. Meant Rather, it is the diameter of the fibrous ramifications and ridges in the flakes that always have a fiber diameter distribution. These fiber diameters are in a range of 0.5 to 5 microns.
  • the fibers consist of glassy solidified, reactive and capable of polymer-forming resin melts and are in the form of fiber flakes. The flakes initially have thermoplastic properties. The achievement of a continuous polymer formation, optionally with a coupled functionalization, is caused by targeted, subsequent action of liquid or gaseous catalysts or other reactants. Only then thermosetting properties are present.
  • the resin melts may additionally comprise further additives which influence the properties, for example carbon black as antistatic agent or pigments for coloring.
  • further additives for example carbon black as antistatic agent or pigments for coloring.
  • flame retardants for optimizing flame retardancy or viscosity modifiers e.g. up to 1% by weight of water or butanediols are conceivable, among other additives.
  • the Feinstmaschinevliese and paper-like products themselves available by the method are also part of the present invention.
  • the diameter of the individual fibers therein is in the range of 1 to 5 microns.
  • the individual fibers are thus significantly thinner than those according to the method according to the WO 2006/100041 A1 received.
  • the reactive low molecular weight resin melts are capable of polymer formation. In principle, they differ in their structure from the classic polymer melts used for the production of textile fibers.
  • the required for the effect of fiber splicing boundary condition of the higher temperature of the gas flow in relation to the melting temperature of the resin acts here additionally positive and allows trouble-free spinning with flaking in high quality and productivity.
  • the reactive low molecular weight resin melts can be melted in an extruder or fed via a thin film evaporator directly to the spinning beam of a meltblown plant. If the boundary conditions in the nozzle area are maintained, very fine fibers with a diameter of less than 5 ⁇ m are obtained, which then leave the spinning beam by self-bonding and ramifications in flake form. These flakes are placed on a conveyor belt. The temperature and clearance conditions between the nozzle and the storage and transport belt are variable so that the size of the flakes as well as the stocking density can be adjusted. Loose, but also very dense fleece and paper-like structures can be created.
  • the deposited nonwoven fabric can be processed directly into paper-like products even without the steps of slurrying and swirling the individual fibers necessary for paper production.
  • the deposited fleece moistened and then hot pressed.
  • the added liquid acts as a lubricant and causes a reorganization of the fibrous flakes.
  • water can be used as a lubricant. The result is a paper-like sheet material with a smooth surface.
  • the holding forces between the individual fibers do not result as they do in the case of "classical" papers of chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds, or, as in the case of calendered thermoplastic random layers, from the merging of the fibers with one another, but out of the entanglements and entanglements of the ultrafine aminoplast flakes and their high flexural rigidity. Also, the addition of binder fibers or binders for better strength of the papers can be omitted.
  • the resulting papers are characterized by high flame and heat resistance and can be used as an electrical insulator. They have a high dielectric strength, high dimensional stability after processing and have only a low elastic recovery.
  • the papers of thermosetting materials are produced via a thermoplastic precursor of the oligomeric precondensates in a direct process.
  • the weight fraction Aminoplast in the paper is 95% or more. It can also be 100% by weight.
  • duromer precondensate (dispersion, solution, powder) or thermoplastic components such as PVC, PA or PEEK may be added in the form of dispersion, solution or powder.
  • the resulting nonwoven or paper-like product is fed to a further process stage in which a liquid or gaseous reactant or catalyst is brought into contact with the sheet product.
  • a liquid or gaseous reactant or catalyst is brought into contact with the sheet product.
  • a polymer formation or functionalization of the resin melt is achieved.
  • further treatment steps eg for the neutralization of the reactants or catalysts, can be included.
  • the sheet-like products are subjected to a thermal treatment.
  • the required treatment temperatures are set in the ratio of 1.0 to 4.0, based on the melting temperature (in ° C) of the resin.
  • the resulting nonwovens or paper-like products can be used for textile and technical applications.
  • Particular characteristics of the products of the process are flame resistance, high continuous service temperature, sound absorption capacity and specific electrical properties.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
EP13718498.2A 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Feinstfaservliese und papierähnliche produkte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung Active EP2836632B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201330433A SI2836632T1 (sl) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Finovlaknate koprene in papirju podobni proizvodi, kot tudi postopek za njihovo izdelavo

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012007080 2012-04-11
PCT/EP2013/001062 WO2013152858A1 (de) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Feinstfaservliese und papierähnliche produkte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2836632A1 EP2836632A1 (de) 2015-02-18
EP2836632B1 true EP2836632B1 (de) 2016-09-14

Family

ID=48184125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13718498.2A Active EP2836632B1 (de) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Feinstfaservliese und papierähnliche produkte sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2836632B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102013006212A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2606383T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL2836632T3 (pl)
SI (1) SI2836632T1 (pl)
WO (1) WO2013152858A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI3526381T1 (sl) 2016-10-11 2023-03-31 Ostthueringische Materialpruefgesellschaft Fuer Textil Und Kunststoffe Mbh Koprena in koprenasti materiali na osnovi melaminformaldehida z nizko emisijo
DE102020116689A1 (de) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung Rudolstadt e.V. Melaminharz-Filtervlies

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3972759A (en) * 1972-06-29 1976-08-03 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Battery separators made from polymeric fibers
US4526733A (en) 1982-11-17 1985-07-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Meltblown die and method
NZ217669A (en) * 1985-10-02 1990-03-27 Surgikos Inc Meltblown microfibre web includes core web and surface veneer
WO1992016361A1 (en) 1991-03-20 1992-10-01 Sabee Reinhardt N Non-woven fabrics with fiber quantity gradients
US6368533B1 (en) * 1997-12-22 2002-04-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for forming films, fibers and base webs from thermoset polymers
DE19929709C2 (de) 1999-06-24 2001-07-12 Lueder Gerking Verfahren zur Herstellung von im Wesentlichen endlosen feinen Fäden und Verwendung der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6667254B1 (en) * 2000-11-20 2003-12-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibrous nonwoven webs
MXPA04003066A (es) 2001-10-01 2005-01-25 Rtica Inc Proceso y aparato para fabricar un producto aislante.
WO2006037371A1 (de) 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Meltblown-verfahren zum schmelzspinnen von feinen vliesfasern und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE102005013420A1 (de) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Ami-Agrolinz Melamine International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von duroplastischen Feinstfaservliesen mit hoher Flamm-, Thermo- und Schallschutzwirkung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013152858A1 (de) 2013-10-17
ES2606383T3 (es) 2017-03-23
SI2836632T1 (sl) 2017-01-31
EP2836632A1 (de) 2015-02-18
DE102013006212A1 (de) 2013-10-17
PL2836632T3 (pl) 2017-03-31

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