EP2834159A1 - Vorrichtung zum verschliessen von beuteln oder dergleichen mit verbesserten berührungs- und klangeffekten, daraus resultierender beutel und herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum verschliessen von beuteln oder dergleichen mit verbesserten berührungs- und klangeffekten, daraus resultierender beutel und herstellungsverfahren

Info

Publication number
EP2834159A1
EP2834159A1 EP13714269.1A EP13714269A EP2834159A1 EP 2834159 A1 EP2834159 A1 EP 2834159A1 EP 13714269 A EP13714269 A EP 13714269A EP 2834159 A1 EP2834159 A1 EP 2834159A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
profiled
closure
fastening
profiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13714269.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2834159B1 (de
Inventor
William Delasalle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
S2F Flexico SARL
Original Assignee
S2F Flexico SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S2F Flexico SARL filed Critical S2F Flexico SARL
Publication of EP2834159A1 publication Critical patent/EP2834159A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2834159B1 publication Critical patent/EP2834159B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/25—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners
    • B65D33/2508—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/25—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners
    • B65D33/2508—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor
    • B65D33/2541—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor characterised by the slide fastener, e.g. adapted to interlock with a sheet between the interlocking members having sections of particular shape
    • B65D33/255—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor characterised by the slide fastener, e.g. adapted to interlock with a sheet between the interlocking members having sections of particular shape being provided with special visual, audible or tactile indicating means, e.g. indicating proper engagement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/25—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners
    • B65D33/2508—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor
    • B65D33/2541—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor characterised by the slide fastener, e.g. adapted to interlock with a sheet between the interlocking members having sections of particular shape
    • B65D33/2558—Riveting; Dovetailing; Screwing; using press buttons or slide fasteners using slide fasteners with interlocking members having a substantially uniform section throughout the length of the fastener; Sliders therefor characterised by the slide fastener, e.g. adapted to interlock with a sheet between the interlocking members having sections of particular shape the slide fastener having a non-constant section throughout the length of the fastener, e.g. slightly undulated interlocking members or castellated stringers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/45—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
    • Y10T24/45152—Each mating member having similarly shaped, sized, and operated interlocking or intermeshable face
    • Y10T24/45157—Zipper-type [e.g., slider]
    • Y10T24/45168—Zipper-type [e.g., slider] for container [e.g., bag]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of closure devices for bags, bags or the like.
  • the present invention relates to closure devices based on two complementary profiles 10, 20 carried by respective opposite support walls 12, 22 as illustrated by way of non-limiting examples in Figures 1 and 2 attached.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Numerous embodiments of the devices illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been proposed and fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment according to which the abovementioned complementary sections are formed of complementary male / female elements, the male element comprising a rod 14 secured to the wall 12 and provided with an enlarged protuberance 15 at its top, while that the female element 20 is formed of a groove 24 with convergent edges having in section a cavity complementary to the protuberance 15.
  • FIG. 2 represents another variant embodiment in which the complementary sections 10, 20 are formed of hooks 11 and 21.
  • the general object of the present invention is to propose improvements to the profiles thus known in order to generate a tactile sensation and a sound effect when closing and opening the aforementioned device, that is to say respectively when the engagement of the profiles 10, 20 and the separation thereof.
  • the means thus proposed certainly make it possible to generate a certain touch and sound effect.
  • the effects thus obtained thanks to the means hitherto proposed remain limited.
  • the particular object of the present invention is to improve the known arrangements of the prior art, to enhance the tactile sensation and the sound effect.
  • a closure device for bags or the like comprising two sets of complementary profiles, characterized in that each of the two sets of complementary profiles comprises at least two profiled fastening elements forming a multiple closure, these profiled fastening elements have a sequential crush distributed over their length and that said fastening profiled elements are carried by at least one respective support web on which they came from material, the support web being intended for to be fixed on a support wall and having a width greater than the total width of the fastening profile elements.
  • the Applicant has determined that the very specific triple combination according to the present invention comprising 1) the multiplication of the closure elements, 2) the sequential crushing and 3) the support veil integral with the fastening elements, generates an effect improved compared to the state of the art, thanks to a resonance phenomenon initiated at the level of the attachment elements and propagated in vibratory mode at the level of the support web, leading to an amplification effect.
  • the present invention also relates to bags or bags equipped with such a closure device.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing such closure devices or sachets comprising a step of sequential crushing.
  • the width of each sail is less than five times the width of the profiled fastening elements
  • the width of each veil is of the order of twice the width of the profiled fastening elements
  • the portion of the support web situated opposite the fastening profiled elements has a curved convex shape towards the outside of the closure
  • the thickness of the support web opposite the fastening profiles is greater than the thickness of the web on the outside of the profiled fastening elements
  • the closure is made of polyethylene or polypropylene
  • the step of the sequential crushing is between 2 and 7.5mm.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 previously described are a cross-sectional view of a closure device according to two embodiments of the state of the art, may be used in the context of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 represents a partial perspective view of a closure device having sequential cuts in accordance with the state of the art
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a closure device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 represents a partial perspective view of the same closure device illustrating more precisely the sequential crashes according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 represents a schematic view of the closure device illustrated in FIG. 4, in the closed position, that is to say in the assembled position of the two sets of fastening elements,
  • FIGS. 7, 8, 9 and 10 show cross-sectional views of four variants of closure devices according to the present invention
  • FIG. 11 represents a plan view of the closure device illustrated in FIG. 5 and showing sequential crashes
  • FIG. 12 and 13 show schematically, in a cross-sectional view of the closure device, two embodiments of tools that can be used for the realization of the closure device according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 schematically illustrate a reinforced tactile and sound effect thanks to the use of a closure device comprising a curved support wall portion facing the profiled fastening elements, and
  • FIG. 16 represents a schematic perspective view of a pouch according to the present invention, FIG. 16 bis showing more precisely an enlarged partial view of the multiple closure used for this pouch, showing the fastening of the closure, by the intermediary of the support sails on the film of the bag.
  • FIG. 4 is a closure device according to the present invention, comprising two complementary elements A and B formed of two parallel supporting webs 100, 200 respectively carrying one of two sets of complementary profiles 110, 210.
  • each of the two sets of complementary profiles 110, 210 comprises at least two fastening profiles forming a multiple closure. More precisely according to the nonlimiting embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the two sets 110, 210 are symmetrical and each comprise four fastening profile elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218. According to this figure 4, each of the fastening profiled elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 is formed of a profile of constant cross section along the entire length, in the form of an arrow head.
  • each of these fastening profiled elements comprises a rod, for example 113, generally orthogonal to a web 100 or 200 and integral with a web 100 or 200, provided at its free end opposite to the web 100 or 200 of a web.
  • enlarged head for example 115.
  • the enlarged head 115 may be symmetrical with respect to the mean plane of the rod 113 orthogonal to the web 100 or 200 or asymmetrical with respect to this mean plane.
  • the facets of the enlarged head 115 directed towards the support webs 100 or 200 converge at least slightly toward the respective support web, away from the rod 113, to form backpipes which reinforce the mutual interlocking of the profiles 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 provided respectively on the two webs 100 and 200.
  • the 4 hooking profile elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 are divided into two groups of two elements 112 and 114 on the one hand, 116 and 118 on the other hand; respectively 212 and 214 on the one hand, 216 and 218 on the other hand.
  • the first group of fastening profiled elements 112, 114 secured to a first web 100 is adapted to cooperate, as seen in FIG.
  • the distance 12 between the two profiled fastening elements (112 and 114 for example) of the same group may be of the order of 1 mm, while the gap 11 between the two Groups of profiled elements of attachment can be of the order of 3 to 4 mm.
  • the total width 13 or transverse size of the profiled fastening elements, corresponding to the distance separating the outer surfaces of the outermost rods can thus be of the order of 6 mm.
  • 210 can be asymmetrical.
  • the fastening elements are crushed sequentially throughout the closure.
  • the crushing of the two complementary profiles 110, 210 generate a succession of hard points and weak points during the engagement and the separation of elements A and B of the closure.
  • the pitch of the sequential crushing is preferably between 2 and 7.5 mm, for example of the order of 2.5 mm.
  • the fastening elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 are carried by webs 100, 200 supports of material whose width is greater than the total width 13 of the profiled fastening elements. More specifically according to the invention, it is preferably provided two support web sections 102, 104 and 202, 204 respectively located on each side of the fastening profiled elements and each having a width 14 less than five times the total width 13 of the fastening elements.
  • each sail section 102, 104 and 202, 204 is of the order of twice the width 13 of the fastening profiled elements.
  • the thickness of the support veil facing the fastening profiles is greater than the thickness of the veil on the outside of the profiled fastening elements.
  • the thickness of the support web facing the fastening profiles can thus be of the order of twice the thickness of the web on the outside of the profiled fastening elements.
  • the closure may be made of any suitable material, preferably based on polyolefin. It is advantageously polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the Applicant has determined that the very specific triple combination according to the present invention mentioned above and comprising 1) the multiplication of the closure elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218, 2) the sequential crushing 300 and 3) the support web 100, 200 integral with the fastening elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218, generates an improved effect compared to the state of the art, thanks to a resonance phenomenon initiated at the attachment elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 and propagated in vibratory mode at the support web 100, 200 via the thick sole of the web facing the fastening elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218, leading to an amplification effect.
  • the closure according to the present invention makes it possible to generate a sound effect greater than that obtained with a conventional closure according to the state of the art.
  • sections of sections 102, 104, 202 and 204 located on the outside of the profiled fastening elements may comprise, on their internal surfaces or their external surfaces, ribs 101, 201 facilitating the manipulation of the closure.
  • Complementary closure profiles 110 and 210 have, before sequential crushing, a constant section along their length. They are preferably made by extrusion.
  • the geometry of the profiled fastening elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 may be the subject of many embodiments.
  • FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 in that the most external coupling profile elements 112, 118 and 212, 218 are not in the shape of an arrowhead but in the form of an arrowhead. Hook shape, concave towards the center of the closure.
  • FIG. 8 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7 in that there is provided an additional hooking element 119, 219 in the form of an arrow head in the center of each closure element, so that each closure element thus comprises 5 fastening profiled elements 112, 114, 119, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 219, 216 and 218 equidistributed in width, in the form of a hook for the outermost elements and in the form of an arrowhead for the others.
  • FIG. 9 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 in that, in a manner similar to FIG. 8, there is provided an additional hooking element 119, 219 in the form of an arrow head in the center. of each closure element, so that each closure element comprises 5 profiled elements hooking device in the form of an arrow head 112, 114, 119, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 219, 216 and 218 equidistributed in width.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 differs from the previously described embodiments in that the portion 150 of the support web situated opposite the fastening profile elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 has a curved shape, convex towards the outside of the closure.
  • the convex geometry of the central portion 150 of the support web, convex towards the outside, is also generally accompanied by an adjacent transition portion of the webs themselves 102, 104 and 202, 204 inversely concave towards the outside, as it is 14 and 15.
  • the outwardly convex convex central portion is referenced Co
  • the adjacent portions of the outwardly concave sails are referenced Ca.
  • the sections of the sails 102, 104 and 202, 204, outside these concave portions Ca are generally planar.
  • This convex geometry of the support veil reinforces the tactile and sound effect generated during the opening, and to a certain extent during the engagement, the closure.
  • the effect resulting from this bending is shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 schematically shows the locations of sequential crushing 300 along the sole portion 150 of the closure.
  • the geometry of the sole 150 of the support web (and likewise for the concave parts Ca of the webs), evolves between a convex section over most of the length of the closure and a generally rectilinear section at the last crush 300n of the profile elements of still hanging.
  • FIGS. 4 and 7 to 10 can be combined in that the element A of the closure can conform to any one of these embodiments while the other element B of the same closure is in accordance with another embodiment.
  • the closure device comprising the two closure profiles 110, 210 is made separately from a bag, then reported and fixed, for example by thermal welding, on films 500 constituting a bag.
  • the interface thus defined between the surface of the support webs 100, 200 and the surface facing the films 500 of the bag makes it possible to confine the vibrations generated by the sequential crushing during the opening, within the sails 100, 200 or at least to limit the propagation of these vibrations within the films 500, and thus to accentuate the tactile and sonic effect vis-à-vis the state of the art.
  • the complementary profiles 110, 210 are sequentially crushed all along the closure with a crushing pitch preferably between 2 and 7.5 mm, for example of the order of 2.5mm.
  • the crushing means may be subject to different embodiments.
  • FIGS. 5 and 11 illustrate crushing zones 300 obtained on the vertices of the fastening elements 112, 114, 116 and 118; 212, 214, 216 and 218 and covering the entire width 17 of the profiles, considered perpendicular to their direction of elongation.
  • the two elements A and B are subject to identical crushing and identical steps.
  • FIG. 12 thus shows the crushing of the fastening profiled elements using a notched wheel 400 with peripheral protuberances 410 at the desired pitch of the sequential crushings 300, soliciting one side of the closure device, preferably on the side of the fastening profiled elements and a simple support roll 420 located on the opposite side, preferably on the outer face of the support webs.
  • the wheel 400 and support roller 420 are guided or rotated about axes of respective rotations 402, 422 parallel to each other and to the support webs and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the closure by any appropriate means.
  • sequential crushing can be performed within the context of the present invention, simultaneously on the two elements A and B of the closure when these elements A and B are engaged.
  • FIG. 13 shows thus the crushing of the fastening elements at the same time of the two elements A and B with the aid of two knobs 400, 430 notched with peripheral protuberances 410, 434 at the desired pitch of the sequential crushings 300, located respectively on both sides of the closure.
  • the wheel 400, 430 are guided or rotated about respective rotational axes 402, 432 parallel to each other and to the support webs and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the closure by any appropriate means.
  • This variant of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a significant sequential deformation of the two complementary profiles 110, 210, while guaranteeing their possibility of engagement and separation, insofar as the crushings 300 made are perfectly complementary, since these are made in closed position of the two profiles.
  • the notches provided on the rollers for crushing are advantageously of generally convex shape to avoid shearing the material crushed profiles, or even to avoid removing the material in these profiles during crushing.
  • the notches provided on the rollers are thus provided for crushing in the form of waves with continuous curvature evolution as seen for example in Figure 5.
  • the Applicant has determined that this arrangement provides a closure that has the closed state has sealing properties with respect to fluids, whether gaseous or liquid, higher than those of closures according to the state of the art.
  • the two wheels 400, 430 are preferably synchronized so that their respective protuberances simultaneously solicit the sections 110, 210 in crushing.
  • the sequential crushing is carried out according to the present invention in the assembled position of the elements A and B, it is ensured that the cross sections of the fastening profiled elements, although deformed in widening, remain perfectly matched, complementary to a certain extent, and compatible for both a closure, that is, an engagement, and an opening, i.e. a separation.
  • the crushing is preferably carried out so that a widening in the direction of the width 17 of the profiles is obtained, at least equal to 5% of the original width 17, preferably greater than 10% of that width 17.
  • the crushing rollers 400, 430 and, if appropriate, the backing roll 420 may be heated in order to reinforce the deformation of the closure profiles by crushing and to ensure the sequential crushing position thereof.
  • the sequential crushing can be performed with knobs at room temperature, but operating on a closure "softened", that is to say, deformed by a hot extrusion at the output thereof.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a pouch according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 shows a series of crushings distributed along the length of the closure device.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain a closure device that is remarkably watertight with respect to the state of the art.
  • a good seal is particularly obtained when the height of crushing is less than the total height of the profiles and more precisely still when the height of crushing is less than the height of the flared head 115.
  • the rod 113 of the profiles In fact thus preserves the rod 113 of the profiles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP13714269.1A 2012-04-03 2013-04-02 Vorrichtung zum verschliessen von beuteln oder dergleichen mit verbesserten berührungs- und klangeffekten, daraus resultierender beutel und herstellungsverfahren Active EP2834159B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1253041A FR2988701B1 (fr) 2012-04-03 2012-04-03 Dispositif de fermeture pour sachets ou equivalents ayant un effet tactile et sonore ameliore, sachet ainsi obtenu et procede de realisation
PCT/EP2013/056938 WO2013150027A1 (fr) 2012-04-03 2013-04-02 Dispositif de fermeture pour sachets ou équivalents ayant un effet tactile et sonore amélioré, sachet ainsi obtenu et procédé de réalisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2834159A1 true EP2834159A1 (de) 2015-02-11
EP2834159B1 EP2834159B1 (de) 2016-03-30

Family

ID=48048027

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13714269.1A Active EP2834159B1 (de) 2012-04-03 2013-04-02 Vorrichtung zum verschliessen von beuteln oder dergleichen mit verbesserten berührungs- und klangeffekten, daraus resultierender beutel und herstellungsverfahren

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9981780B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2834159B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6039055B2 (de)
CN (1) CN104520204B (de)
AU (1) AU2013244983B2 (de)
ES (1) ES2577953T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2988701B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2619014C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2013150027A1 (de)

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ES2577953T3 (es) 2016-07-19
US9981780B2 (en) 2018-05-29
CN104520204B (zh) 2016-11-23
WO2013150027A1 (fr) 2013-10-10
RU2014144413A (ru) 2016-05-27
FR2988701B1 (fr) 2014-04-11
JP2015516923A (ja) 2015-06-18
US20150067993A1 (en) 2015-03-12
AU2013244983B2 (en) 2017-08-10
AU2013244983A1 (en) 2014-11-20
EP2834159B1 (de) 2016-03-30
FR2988701A1 (fr) 2013-10-04
JP6039055B2 (ja) 2016-12-07
RU2619014C2 (ru) 2017-05-11
CN104520204A (zh) 2015-04-15

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