EP2828931B1 - Kompakte wendelantenne mit sinusoidalem profil zur modulation eines fraktalen musters - Google Patents

Kompakte wendelantenne mit sinusoidalem profil zur modulation eines fraktalen musters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2828931B1
EP2828931B1 EP13713401.1A EP13713401A EP2828931B1 EP 2828931 B1 EP2828931 B1 EP 2828931B1 EP 13713401 A EP13713401 A EP 13713401A EP 2828931 B1 EP2828931 B1 EP 2828931B1
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Prior art keywords
fractal
pattern
antenna
segment
strand
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French (fr)
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EP2828931A1 (de
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Hervé AUBERT
Hubert Diez
Daniel BELOT
Alexandru Takacs
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Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to helical type antennas.
  • it relates to printed quadrifilar helix type antennas.
  • Such antennas find application in particular in the band telemetry L (operating frequency between 1 and 2 GHz, typically around 1.5 GHz) for payloads of stratospheric balloon.
  • the printed helix antennas have the advantage of being simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the patent EP 0320404 describes a printed antenna of the helix type and its method of manufacture.
  • Such an antenna includes four radiating strands in the form of metal strips obtained by removing material from the metallization of both sides of the strips of a metallized zone of a printed circuit.
  • the printed circuit is intended to be wound helically around a cylinder.
  • Compact helical antennas comprising meandering radiating strands have been proposed to reduce the size of antennas of this type.
  • the document FR 2 916 581 discloses a helix-type antenna comprising radiating strands consisting of a repetition of a fractal pattern.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the size of the known type of helix antennas and in particular to reduce the height of such antennas.
  • the invention is defined by independent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a helix-type antenna comprising a form of revolution and a plurality of radiating strands helically wound around the form of revolution, characterized in that each radiating strand is defined by a repetition of a fractal pattern comprising segments constituted by a sinusoidal curve.
  • the Figures 1 and 2 respectively illustrate a developed view and a front view of a helical antenna comprising four radiating strands helically wound.
  • Such an antenna comprises two parts 1, 2.
  • Part 1 comprises a conductive zone 10 and four radiating strands 11, 12, 13 and 14.
  • the helical type antenna comprises four radiating strands 11, 12, 13, 14 helically wound in a shape of revolution around a sleeve 15, for example.
  • the strands 11-14 are connected on the one hand in short circuit at a first end 111, 121, 131, 141 strands to the conductive zone 10 and secondly in a second end 112, 122, 132, 142 of the strands to the feed circuit 20.
  • the radiating strands 11-14 of the antenna may be identical and are for example four in number.
  • the antenna is in this case quadrifilar.
  • the sleeve 15 on which the antenna is wound is shown in dotted line on the figure 1 to constitute the antenna as represented on the figure 2 .
  • the radiating strands 11-14 are oriented so that a support axis AA ', BB', CC 'and DD' of each strand forms an angle ⁇ with respect to any plane orthogonal to any directing line L of the sleeve 15.
  • This angle ⁇ corresponds to the helical winding angle of the radiating strands.
  • the radiating strands 11-14 are each constituted by a metallized zone.
  • the metallized zones of part 1 are symmetrical bands with respect to a guide axis AA ', BB', CC ', DD' strands.
  • the distance d between two successive strands is defined along any perpendicular to any line L of the sleeve 15 as the distance between two points, each defined as the intersection of the said perpendicular with an axis of the strands.
  • this distance d will be fixed at a quarter of the perimeter of the sleeve 15.
  • the substrate supporting the metal strips is helically wound on the lateral surface of the sleeve 15.
  • the two parts 1, 2 are formed on a printed circuit 100.
  • the radiating strands 11-14 are then metal strips obtained by removal of material on each side of the strips of a metallized zone, on the surface of the printed circuit 100.
  • the printed circuit 100 is intended to be wound around a sleeve 15 having a general shape of revolution, such as a cylinder or a cone, for example.
  • Part 2 of the antenna comprises a supply circuit 20 of the antenna.
  • the supply circuit 20 of the antenna is constituted by a transmission line of the meander-shaped ribbon line type, ensuring both the function of distribution of the supply and adaptation of the radiating strands 11-14 of the antenna.
  • the supply of the radiating elements is at equal amplitudes with a progression of phases in quadrature.
  • the radiating strands are constituted by a fractal, comprising segments constituted by a sinusoidal curve.
  • a segment is an elemental element of the fractal pattern.
  • the figure 3a illustrates a reference pattern of a Von Koch fractal having three elementary elements 30, 31, 33. Such a pattern is a first order fractal.
  • the elementary element is a rectilinear segment.
  • Fractals have the property of self-similarity, they are formed of copies of themselves at different scales. They are self-similar and very irregular curves.
  • a fractal is composed in particular of reduced replicas, of the reference pattern.
  • a fractal is generated by iteration of steps of reduction of the reference pattern then application of the pattern obtained to the reference pattern.
  • the higher orders are obtained by applying to the middle of each segment of the reference pattern this same reduced reference pattern, and so on.
  • the reference pattern may be simple or alternating with respect to a direction axis of the pattern.
  • the choice of the pattern itself is guided by the radiation performance of the antenna.
  • each rectilinear segment of the fractal pattern is replaced by a sinusoidal segment.
  • Such a replacement makes it possible to increase the deployed length of the radiating strand for a given height or to reduce the height of the antenna for a given deployed length.
  • the resonance frequency of the antenna is fixed by the extended length of the radiating strands.
  • This extended length is a function of the propeller parameters (height, radius and number of revolutions) and the geometry of the pattern used.
  • each segment 30 ', 31', 32 ', 33' of the fractal pattern is constituted by a sinusoidal segment.
  • this reference pattern is constituted by a succession of alternating sinusoid arcs constituting a fractal pattern.
  • the function can be defined segment by segment or by adopting a curvilinear coordinate along the pattern.
  • the parameter k makes it possible to increase the length deployed for each corresponding segment of the fractal Von Koch: instead of having a short rectilinear segment, there is a sinusoidal segment of greater length. The larger the amplitude of the sinusoid, the larger the length deployed. However, care must be taken to avoid overlapping radiating strands when k takes too high values.
  • FIGS. 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a and 8a illustrate a reference pattern (fractal order 1) whose segments are straight.
  • the reference pattern is a triangle in which the base is deleted.
  • the reference pattern is a square in which the base is deleted.
  • the reference pattern comprises two isosceles trapezes in opposition and spaced from the width of the small base, in which the large base has been removed.
  • the angle ⁇ between a side extending from the small base to the large base.
  • the reference pattern comprises two equilateral triangles in opposition and spaced from the width of one side, in which the base has been removed
  • FIGS. 4b, 5b and 6b, 7b and 8b respectively illustrate the order 2 of a fractal pattern following an iteration of the reference patterns of the FIGS. 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a , respectively.
  • the Figures 4c, 5c, 6c respectively illustrate the order 3 of a fractal pattern following two iterations of the reference patterns of the Figures 4a, 5a, 6a .
  • the angle ⁇ is the angle between the first inclined segment and the deleted base.
  • each segment constituting the fractal patterns described above is constituted by a sinusoidal curve.
  • these patterns are not shown but in view of the description above, the skilled person understands how to achieve the helix antenna whose radiating strands are constituted by a fractal pattern whose segments are constituted by a sinusoidal segment.
  • a helix type antenna comprising a Von Koch type fractal whose segments have been replaced by sinusoidal segments has been realized and tested.
  • the figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of such an antenna.
  • the performance of such an antenna was measured and compared to a quadrifilar helix (reference) antenna comprising rectilinear strands, the antenna having a height of 514 mm.
  • the table below lists the different parameters used for the radiating strands.
  • the basic fractal is a motif of Von Koch. Order 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 Number of cells 3 3 3 3 4 2 2 3 ⁇ (degrees) 52 52 49 52 52 43 43 50 Cell length (mm) 155 150 140 135 108 250 243 190 k 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 s -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 Height (mm) 285 276 252 249 265 205 198 254 LHC (dB) 0.88 0,952 0.8 0.97 0.95 0.15 0.202 0.93 RHC (dB) -10.3 -10.2 -10.3 -11.8 -10.8 -10.2 -11.1 -10.0 S11 (dB) -6.1 -6 -6.9 -6.9 -6.3 -6.2 -6.3 -6.2 Efficiency 66 64 60 62 62 50 50 55 Relative size (%) 55.4 53.7 49 48.4 51.6 39.9 38.5
  • the antenna based on the Von Koch pattern with sinusoidal segments of order 2 and with two cells.
  • This antenna has the same 137MHz pattern and resonance frequency (144MHz).
  • its height is 198 mm (relative size 38.5%), a reduction of 61.5% of the height of the reference antenna.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Wendel-Typ-Antenne, welche eine Rotationsform und eine Mehrzahl von abstrahlenden Drähten aufweist, welche als Helix um die Rotationsform herum gewickelt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder abstrahlende Draht definiert ist mittels einer Wiederholung eines Fraktal-Musters, welches Segmente aufweist, wobei ein Sinuskurve-Bogen bei jedem Segment des Fraktal-Musters verwendet wurde, sodass jeder abstrahlende Draht ein Muster aufweist, welches mittels einer Aufeinanderfolge von alternierenden Sinuskurve-Bögen gebildet ist, wobei jeder Bogen als Führungsachse das Segment des Fraktal-Musters hat.
  2. Wendel-Typ-Antenne gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei jedes Segment zu einer Halbperiode einer sinusförmigen Kurve korrespondiert, welche definiert ist durch y x = S . k . L ′ . sin π L ′ . x ,
    Figure imgb0007
     wobei: S eine ganze Zahl mit Wert in {-1; +1} ist, k das Verhältnis zwischen der Amplitude der Sinuskurve und ihrer halben Wellenlänge ist, L' die horizontale Länge des Musters ist.
  3. Wendel-Typ-Antenne gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, wobei jedes Segment des Fraktal-Musters eine identische Länge hat.
  4. Wendel-Typ-Antenne gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei das Fraktal vom Von-Koch-Typ ist, von welchem jede gerade Linie durch ein sinusförmiges Segment ersetzt ist.
  5. Antenne gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die abstrahlenden Drähte jeweils gebildet sind mittels einer vorbestimmten metallisierten Zone, die als Helix auf die laterale Fläche einer Muffe (15) gewickelt ist, sodass die Führungsachse (AA', BB', CC', DD') jeden Drahtes zur Achse des folgenden Drahtes um eine vorbestimmte Entfernung (d) beabstandet ist, die entlang jeder Senkrechten zur gesamten Führungslinie (L) der Muffe (15) definiert ist als der Abstand zwischen zwei Punkten, die jeweils definiert sind mittels einer Schnittlinie zwischen der Achse eines Drahtes und einer Senkrechten zur gesamten Führungslinie (L) der Muffe (15).
  6. Antenne gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotationsform (15) zylindrisch oder konisch ist.
  7. Antenne gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antenne vier identische abstrahlende Drähte aufweist.
  8. Antenne gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Länge eines abgewickelten Drahtes von der Größenordnung von k . λ 4
    Figure imgb0008
     ist, wobei λ die Arbeits-Wellenlänge der Antenne ist.
EP13713401.1A 2012-03-21 2013-03-21 Kompakte wendelantenne mit sinusoidalem profil zur modulation eines fraktalen musters Active EP2828931B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1252547A FR2988524B1 (fr) 2012-03-21 2012-03-21 Antenne helice compacte a profil sinusoidal modulant un motif fractal
PCT/EP2013/055979 WO2013139935A1 (fr) 2012-03-21 2013-03-21 Antenne helice compacte a profil sinusoidal modulant un motif fractal

Publications (2)

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EP2828931A1 EP2828931A1 (de) 2015-01-28
EP2828931B1 true EP2828931B1 (de) 2019-06-12

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US (1) US9698474B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2828931B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6093004B2 (de)
CN (1) CN104247151B (de)
FR (1) FR2988524B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013139935A1 (de)

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CN103943949B (zh) * 2014-04-16 2016-08-24 上海交通大学 轴向模圆柱螺旋天线的分形小型化方法
FR3048557B1 (fr) * 2016-03-07 2018-03-30 Valeo Comfort And Driving Assistance Equipement electronique d'aide au stationnement pour vehicule automobile
WO2022072719A1 (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Electronic Design & Development, Corp. Quasi-helical antennas and associated manufacturing methods
CN116073116B (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-06-27 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种基于指数螺距的正弦折叠螺旋天线

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100194665A1 (en) * 2007-09-11 2010-08-05 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Antenna of the helix type having radiating strands with a sinusoidal pattern and associated manufacturing process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2624656B1 (fr) 1987-12-10 1990-05-18 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Antenne de type helice et son procede de realisation
JP2001102852A (ja) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-13 Nippon Antenna Co Ltd ヘリカルアンテナ
GB0204014D0 (en) * 2002-02-20 2002-04-03 Univ Surrey Improvements relating to multifilar helix antennas
EP1359640A1 (de) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-05 Roke Manor Research Limited Fraktale Antenna und Herstellungsverfahren derselben
TWI247452B (en) * 2005-01-21 2006-01-11 Wistron Neweb Corp Multi-band antenna and design method of multi-band antenna
FR2916581B1 (fr) * 2007-05-21 2009-08-28 Cnes Epic Antenne de type helice.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100194665A1 (en) * 2007-09-11 2010-08-05 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Antenna of the helix type having radiating strands with a sinusoidal pattern and associated manufacturing process

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FR2988524B1 (fr) 2014-03-28
EP2828931A1 (de) 2015-01-28
WO2013139935A1 (fr) 2013-09-26
US20150048996A1 (en) 2015-02-19
FR2988524A1 (fr) 2013-09-27
CN104247151A (zh) 2014-12-24
US9698474B2 (en) 2017-07-04
JP2015511096A (ja) 2015-04-13
JP6093004B2 (ja) 2017-03-08
CN104247151B (zh) 2016-11-09

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