EP2803075A1 - Auffänger für eine wanderfeldröhre und wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen auffänger - Google Patents
Auffänger für eine wanderfeldröhre und wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen auffängerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2803075A1 EP2803075A1 EP13702348.7A EP13702348A EP2803075A1 EP 2803075 A1 EP2803075 A1 EP 2803075A1 EP 13702348 A EP13702348 A EP 13702348A EP 2803075 A1 EP2803075 A1 EP 2803075A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catcher
- electrode
- stage
- collector
- auffängerstufe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/027—Collectors
- H01J23/0275—Multistage collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a catcher for a traveling wave tube and a traveling wave tube with such a catcher.
- a tightly collimated beam of accelerated electrons is generated in an electron beam source and guided along a delay line through a magnetic field.
- the electrons of the electron beam leaving the delay line are trapped in a collector, often referred to as a collector, to at least partially recover the residual energy of the electrons and at the same time prevent the return of electrons through the delay line.
- the receiver is usually designed in multiple stages with catcher stages located at different electrical potentials in order to take into account the broad velocity distribution of the beam which occurs due to the interaction of the electron beam with a high-frequency signal on the delay line at the output of the delay line.
- purely electrostatic collectors and collectors with magnetic beam guidance are customary for the multistage collector.
- the wall thickness of the insulator tube thereby increases from electrode to electrode.
- heat is lost in the electrodes which has to be dissipated to the outside to form a vacuum-tight housing surrounding the several catcher stages.
- the removal of the heat loss is typically carried out via electrically insulating distance arrangements between metallic inner wall surfaces of the housing and to these substantially parallel electrode shell surfaces of the electrodes.
- the distance arrangements may in particular be designed as one or more ceramic rings, the outer surfaces of the inner wall of the housing and the inner surfaces of the outer surfaces of the electrodes abut, such. B. in DE 698 04 954 T2 or DE 602 25 412 T2 described. For a good heat dissipation large contact surfaces are advantageous.
- US Pat. No. 6,094,009 describes an embodiment of an electrostatic collector in which an electrostatic field lens is created by special potential adjustment of a middle stage in order to reduce a return of electrons to the first stages and thus to increase the collector efficiency.
- a magnet arrangement before and at the first stages is intended to enable the transmission of electrons to subsequent stages on the electrodes of the electrodes. improve over the stairs.
- the electrodes are radially extendable up to a circular cylindrical common ceramic shell and lie with electrode shell surfaces on the inner wall.
- catcher for the hollow beam of a gyrotron is formed between a conical center electrode and a plurality of annular further electrodes, a widening annular channel.
- a magnetic field of a magnet arrangement arranged outside the catcher shell and inside the center electrode carries the electrons of the hollow beam in the widening ring channel.
- the performance of a traveling-wave tube is largely determined by the thermal load capacity of the electrodes of the collector and the efficiency of the collector in terms of the lowest possible heat generation and a low rate of returning electrons.
- the heat removal from the electrodes to the catcher housing is particularly advantageously achievable via insulating ceramic rings lying radially between the housing and essentially circular-cylindrical electrode jacket surfaces of the electrodes, with surface heat contact to the housing and to the electrode jacket surfaces.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a further improved Aufflinder for a traveling wave tube and a traveling wave tube with such a catcher.
- outer diameter of the distance arrangements in particular also the diameter of the electrode jacket surfaces of the catcher stages respectively associated electrodes.
- the radial thicknesses of the spacer arrangements which are preferably designed as ceramic rings with respect to the longitudinal axis, are advantageously dimensioned essentially to small thicknesses with the required electrical insulation and the mechanical stability.
- the ceramic rings may also have uniform thicknesses for different tensions of the individual catcher stages. In the following, without limiting the generality, a substantially uniform radial thickness of ceramic rings used as distance arrangements is assumed.
- circumferentially closed ceramic rings can also be provided a plurality of distributed around the circumference of the inner wall of the catcher shell, the mechanical fixation, the electrical insulation and the heat transfer absorbing spacer body can be provided.
- a small diameter of the electrode shell surface of the first catcher stage proves to be advantageous for the discharge of the heat input concentrated in this catcher stage, particularly close to the longitudinal axis, by the impact of electrons on the electrode surrounding a narrow opening.
- the inner diameter of the spacer arrangement which is considered to be substantially equal to the diameter of the electrode shell surface, not more than 200%, in particular not more than 150% of the axial extent of the contact surface of the spacer assembly and electrode shell surface. Due to the small internal diameter of the spacer arrangement, the heat loss incident near the electrode opening can flow off quickly to the electrode jacket surface and be discharged there via the ceramic ring to the outer shell of the collector.
- the small diameter of the electrode lateral surface allows a corresponding small outer diameter of the ceramic ring and correspondingly a small outer diameter of the receiver shell, which is advantageous for the magnetic field strength of the magnetic arrangement in the region of this stage beam strength effective magnetic field strength near the longitudinal axis.
- the magnet arrangement is preferably formed by at least one ring magnet around the housing.
- the distance to the next catcher stage in the longitudinal axis can be selected to be substantially greater in the longitudinal direction than in the case of a first electrode of a purely electrostatic collector.
- the larger distance to the electrode of the next Auffssener- stage in turn advantageously allows a large axial dimension of the contact surface of the electrode shell surface and the adjoining ceramic ring, so that despite small outer and inner diameter of the ceramic ring on the whole advantageous large contact surfaces of the ceramic ring the electrode jacket surface and to the inner wall of the housing and a good heat dissipation from the electrode to the housing result.
- the larger inner and / or outer diameter of the ceramic ring and corresponding thereto by the larger diameter of the electrode lateral surface are large contact surfaces of the ceramic ring to housing inner wall and to Given electrode surface.
- the inner diameter of the spacer arrangement of the at least one further catcher stage is advantageously at least 25%, in particular at least 40%, larger than the inner diameter of the first stage.
- the outer diameter of the spacer assembly is larger in the at least one further catcher stage than in the first catcher stage, whereby the relative differences in the outer diameters may be smaller.
- the inner diameter and outer diameter of the ceramic rings correlated with each other.
- the differences in the thicknesses are small compared to the differences in the inner diameters and outer diameters.
- the radial thickness of the spacer assembly and the tension of the electrode against the catcher shell may be less than in the at least one further catcher stage. Due to the smaller radial thickness, the heat dissipation from the electrode to the catcher shell is advantageously improved, and given a diameter of the electrode shell surface, the outer shell and thus also the magnet arrangement can move closer to the longitudinal axis in the region of the first catcher stage.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a catcher, in detail.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration through an embodiment of a catcher according to the invention with a sectional plane containing the longitudinal axis LA of the catcher.
- the direction of the extension of the direction of the bundled electron beam ES emerging from the delay line VZ is considered as the longitudinal axis LA or the longitudinal direction of the collector.
- the catcher is in its essential components at least approximately rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis LA.
- interceptors known with respect to the longitudinal axis and the beam extension unbalanced structure.
- the bundled electron beam ES emerging from the delay line enters into a beam entry opening OE of the catcher, which is delimited by an opening in the electrode E1 of the first catcher stage A1 surrounding the longitudinal axis LA.
- the opening width of the opening OE is small in order to largely intercept in the catcher reversing electrons.
- the electrode E1 continues radially outward from the beam entry opening OE with respect to the longitudinal axis LA, wherein the electrode typically has a slightly conical course in this section.
- the conical profile of the electrode E1 of the first catcher stage A1 leads to an electrode jacket surface M1 of the first electrode E1, which in the preferred embodiment outlined extends essentially circularly about the longitudinal axis LA.
- the axial extent of the circular-cylindrical electrode jacket surface M1, which is axial with respect to the longitudinal axis LA, is denoted by L1.
- the electrode jacket surface M1 of the electrode E1 of the first catcher stage AS1 bears against the inner surface of a ceramic ring R1.
- the radially outwardly facing surface of the ceramic ring R1 bears against the inner wall of an outer shell AH of the collector.
- the outer sleeve AH is typically metallic and may in particular consist of a good heat-conducting material, in particular copper, aluminum, magnesium or alloys with such materials.
- the ceramic ring R1 serves for the mechanical fixing of the electrode E1 of the first catcher stage AS1 and furthermore for the electrical insulation of the electrode E1 against the outer shell AH and for the transfer of heat loss at the electrode E1 to the outer shell AH.
- the thermal conductivity of the typically used ceramic materials is low in comparison to the thermal conductivity of the metallic electrode E1 or the metallic outer shell AH, so that it is assumed below the heat-conducting resistance during the dissipation of heat loss at the electrode E1 from the outer casing AH or a cooling device which has good thermal conductivity is essentially determined by the ceramic ring R1.
- the radial thickness DR of the ceramic ring and the size of the contact surfaces of the ceramic ring on the outer diameter of the outer shell AH and on the inner diameter of the electrode shell area M1 are decisive for the thermal resistance of the ceramic ring R1.
- the inner diameter of the ceramic ring R1 is denoted by D1.
- the wall thickness of the electrode lateral surface M1 is small compared to the diameter D1 and the ring thickness DR and therefore neglected in the following considerations.
- a magnet arrangement is arranged which preferably takes the form of a ring magnet RM1 with magnetic poles opposite in the longitudinal direction is.
- the magnet arrangement effects a magnetic field which acts in a bundling manner on the electron beam entering the first catcher stage AS1, in particular on the electrons which are still rapidly moving in this longitudinal section of the catcher.
- the electrons whose velocity is associated with the exit from the delay line of the subsequent Auffnatureermatn the interceptor, held close to the longitudinal axis and a purely electrostatic Auffnatureer typical rapid beam expansion is avoided.
- the axial distance between the inlet opening OE and the subsequent catcher AS2 compared to purely electrostatic Auffnatureern be kept large and the electrode shell surface M1 of the first electrode E1 may have a large overall length, which in the example sketched slightly larger is as the axial length of the ceramic ring R1 designated L1.
- the contact surface between the inner wall of the ceramic ring R1 and the electrode jacket surface M1 is then given by the length L1 of the ceramic ring R1 and by the inner diameter D1 of the ceramic ring R1.
- the diameter D1 is advantageously not more than 200%, in particular not more than 150% of the length L1 of the contact surface between the electrode jacket surface M1 and the ceramic ring R1.
- a second catcher stage AS2 which also lies within the beam-collimating influence region of the magnet arrangement RM1, follows, in particular with respect to its inlet opening of the electrode E2 of this second catcher stage AS2.
- the electrode E2 continues in an analogous manner to the first catcher stage AS1 in a substantially circular cylindrical electrode surface M2, which mechanically fixed via a ceramic ring R2 relative to the outer shell AH, electrically insulated from the outer shell AH and the dissipation of heat loss to the outer shell AH with this connected is.
- the second Auffnature is the same in terms of the dimensions of the ceramic ring R2 in the example shown as the first Auffticianerstroke AS1.
- the magnet arrangement RM1 unfolds the beam-bundling effect, in particular in the longitudinal region, and at the inlet opening of the electrode E2 of the second catcher stage.
- the magnetic arrangement RM1 can be influenced in a manner known per se by magnetically focused catcher arrangements by additional magnetic elements, in particular soft magnetic elements, such that the magnetic field is not exactly rotationally symmetrical, but has a conscious asymmetry of the type that is reversing and close to the longitudinal axis, that is, in the right-to-left illustration, electrons radially away from the longitudinal axis the electrode E1 or E2 are steered and thereby can not get back into the delay line.
- the catcher stage AS2 is followed, in the longitudinal direction in the direction of propagation of the electron beam, by a catcher stage AS3 and by a fourth catcher stage AS4, which is cup-shaped closed in the beam direction.
- These scavenger stages are further scavenger stages within the meaning of the present invention.
- no magnet arrangements are given, so that the behavior of the electron beam here corresponds to that of the pure electrostatic see catcher and the electron beam expands rapidly after entering the third catcher stage AS3.
- the propagation direction of the electron beam is again provided by conical sections directed in the opposite direction and electrode shell surfaces which are substantially circular with respect to the longitudinal axis LA.
- the geometric design of these electrodes may differ from the sketched form.
- Various geometric configurations of such electrodes are known per se.
- the cylindrical electrode shell surfaces M3 and M4 of the electrodes of the third and fourth catcher stage AS3, AS4 are in turn thermally conductively connected via ceramic rings R3 and R4, respectively, to the outer shell AH and form electrical insulators between the electrodes and the outer shell.
- the same inner diameter DW and the same outer diameter AW are assumed.
- the inner diameter of the ceramic rings R3, R4 can also be different from each other.
- the inner diameter DW of the ceramic ring R3 of the further catcher stage AS3 is advantageously at least 25%, in particular at least 40% larger than the inner diameter D1 of the ceramic ring R1 of the first catcher stage AS1.
- the outer diameter AW of the further The catcher stage AS3 is larger than the outside diameter A1 of the first catcher stage AS1.
- the relative diameter difference is typically less than the inner diameters D1, DW.
- the contact surfaces of the electrode jacket surface M3 of the third catcher stage AS3 and, correspondingly, the electrode jacket surface M4 of the catcher stage AS3 also have a large contact surface with the ceramic ring R3 or R4 and thus a large one , for the heat transfer from the electrodes to the outer shell AH authoritative material cross-section of the ceramic rings whose axial lengths are denoted by L3 for the third catcher stage AS3 and L4 for the fourth catcher stage AS4.
- the same radial thicknesses of the ceramic rings are assumed for the individual catcher stages.
- the radial thickness of the ceramic ring is lower in at least the first catcher stage AS1 than in the third and / or fourth catcher stage and at the same time the voltage between the electrode and outer shell is lower in the first catcher stage in a conventional manner is than the other catcher levels.
- common ceramic rings may also be provided for two or more adjacent catcher stages.
- circumferentially closed ceramic rings and a plurality of circumferentially distributed spacers may be provided.
- the electrical leads to the electrodes of the individual catcher stages are not shown for clarity. Typically, such lines at the inlet opening OE opposite end face of the catcher through the outer shell AH out leads.
- the outer shell AH forms a vacuum-tight envelope around the multi-stage electrode assembly of the catcher.
Landscapes
- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012100132A DE102012100132A1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2012-01-10 | Auffänger für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen Auffänger |
| PCT/EP2013/050246 WO2013104637A1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2013-01-09 | Auffänger für eine wanderfeldröhre und wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen auffänger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2803075A1 true EP2803075A1 (de) | 2014-11-19 |
| EP2803075B1 EP2803075B1 (de) | 2018-09-19 |
Family
ID=47632978
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13702348.7A Active EP2803075B1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2013-01-09 | Auffänger für eine wanderfeldröhre und wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen auffänger |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2803075B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102012100132A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013104637A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103441054B (zh) * | 2013-09-22 | 2016-06-08 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | 一种行波管收集极 |
| CN106298404B (zh) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-02-13 | 电子科技大学 | 一种收集极结构参数的选取方法 |
| RU2738394C1 (ru) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-12-11 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное предприятие "Алмаз" (АО "НПП "Алмаз") | Лампа бегущей волны линеаризованного усилителя свч-мощности |
| RU2761460C1 (ru) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-12-08 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого" (ФГАОУ ВО "СПбПУ") | Коллектор с многоступенчатой рекуперацией для электронного СВЧ-прибора гиротронного типа |
| DE102024129025A1 (de) | 2024-10-08 | 2026-04-09 | Thales Deutschland Gmbh | Kollektor für eine Wanderfeldröhre und Wanderfeldröhre mit einem solchen Kollektor. |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL266512A (de) * | 1960-09-20 | |||
| FR2219518B1 (de) * | 1973-02-23 | 1976-11-05 | Thomson Csf | |
| US4096409A (en) | 1976-10-04 | 1978-06-20 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Multistage depressed collector |
| JPS61214327A (ja) * | 1985-03-20 | 1986-09-24 | Toshiba Corp | マイクロ波管のコレクタ構体 |
| US4794303A (en) | 1987-01-22 | 1988-12-27 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Axisymmetric electron collector with off-axis beam injection |
| DE3913063C2 (de) * | 1989-04-21 | 1997-09-04 | Aeg Elektronische Roehren Gmbh | Elektronenauffänger für eine Elektronenstrahlröhre, insbesondere Wanderfeldröhre |
| JP3038830B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-26 | 2000-05-08 | 日本電気株式会社 | 伝導冷却形多段コレクタ |
| US5780970A (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1998-07-14 | University Of Maryland | Multi-stage depressed collector for small orbit gyrotrons |
| US6094009A (en) | 1997-06-05 | 2000-07-25 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | High efficiency collector for traveling wave tubes with high perveance beams using focusing lens effects |
| US5952785A (en) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-09-14 | Komm; David S. | Transverse field collector for a traveling wave tube |
| DE69804954T2 (de) | 1998-07-20 | 2002-11-28 | Hughes Electronics Corp., El Segundo | Kollektor mit transversalem Feld |
| JP2000133152A (ja) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-05-12 | Nec Corp | 多段コレクタ型進行波管及びその給電方法 |
| JP3577032B2 (ja) | 2001-12-14 | 2004-10-13 | Necマイクロ波管株式会社 | 進行波管 |
-
2012
- 2012-01-10 DE DE102012100132A patent/DE102012100132A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 EP EP13702348.7A patent/EP2803075B1/de active Active
- 2013-01-09 WO PCT/EP2013/050246 patent/WO2013104637A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013104637A1 (de) | 2013-07-18 |
| DE102012100132A1 (de) | 2013-07-11 |
| EP2803075B1 (de) | 2018-09-19 |
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