EP2801772B1 - Dispositif de réfrigération et procédé pour détecter le chargement d'un mauvais fluide frigorigène - Google Patents

Dispositif de réfrigération et procédé pour détecter le chargement d'un mauvais fluide frigorigène Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2801772B1
EP2801772B1 EP12862282.6A EP12862282A EP2801772B1 EP 2801772 B1 EP2801772 B1 EP 2801772B1 EP 12862282 A EP12862282 A EP 12862282A EP 2801772 B1 EP2801772 B1 EP 2801772B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
charged
type
saturation temperature
temperature characteristics
Prior art date
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EP12862282.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2801772A1 (fr
EP2801772A4 (fr
Inventor
Makoto Ikemiya
Hisaaki Takaoka
Kazuhide Mizutani
Akitoshi Ueno
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Publication of EP2801772A4 publication Critical patent/EP2801772A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/18—Refrigerant conversion

Definitions

  • PATENT DOCUMENT 1 When a refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit through which refrigerant circulates to perform a refrigeration cycle, such as an air conditioner or a refrigerator, is newly provided or renewed as described in, for example, PATENT DOCUMENT 1, an operation in which a normal refrigerant is charged into the refrigerant circuit is performed.
  • PATENT DOCUMENT 2 provides a refrigerating cycle comprising a heat exchanger temperature detector and a pressure detector. At the time of stopping its operation, when a temperature of the exchanger is detected by the temperature detector, the pressure detector detects a pressure in the cycle at that time and sends it to a processor. The processor compares the relation between a temperature and a pressure previously stored in terms of the fed signal. If the value is different, it is displayed on a display unit.
  • the method further includes: an inputting step of, when, in the characteristics determination step, a determination is made that the saturation temperature characteristics of the refrigerant charged in the charging step are identical to the saturation temperature characteristics of the previously determined normal refrigerant, manually inputting a type of the charged refrigerant to a data storage (103); and a forcible prohibition step of, when the type input to the data storage (103) is identical to a type of a predetermined refrigerant different from the previously determined normal refrigerant, forcibly prohibiting start of operation of the refrigeration apparatus.
  • the derived saturation temperature characteristics are identical to those of the normal refrigerant
  • an operator inputs the type of the charged refrigerant to the data storage (103).
  • the type of the refrigerant input to the data storage (103) is identical to the type of the predetermined refrigerant different from the normal refrigerant, the start of operation of the refrigeration apparatus is forcibly prohibited.
  • the predetermined refrigerant is a refrigerant that may cause, for example, damage to a machine of the refrigerant circuit (20).
  • the method of the first aspect of the invention may further include: an operation authorization step of, when the type input to the data storage is identical to a type of the previously determined normal refrigerant, recording a signal allowing start of operation of the refrigeration apparatus in the data storage (103).
  • the operator checks whether the type of the charged refrigerant is identical to the type of the normal refrigerant.
  • the operator starts operating the refrigeration apparatus.
  • the saturation temperature characteristics of the refrigerant charged into the refrigerant circuit (20) are derived from the pressure and temperature thereof.
  • the derived saturation temperature characteristics are different from those of the normal refrigerant (a refrigerant selected as a refrigerant to be charged)
  • a determination is made that a refrigerant different from the normal refrigerant has been charged into the refrigerant circuit (20), and an alarm indicating the determination is issued.
  • the refrigerant circuit (20) is, for example, evacuated, and then the normal refrigerant is again charged into the refrigerant circuit (20).
  • the operator checks whether the type of the charged refrigerant is identical to the type of the normal refrigerant.
  • the operator actuates the compressor (30). In other words, operation of the refrigeration apparatus is started.
  • a container refrigeration apparatus (10) of this embodiment is configured to cool the interior of a container for use in, for example, marine transportation, and forms a refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the container refrigeration apparatus (10) includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor (30), a condenser (31), and an evaporator (33), and forms a refrigeration cycle.
  • the container refrigeration apparatus (10) serves as a lid body blocking an open lateral end of a container body (1a).
  • the refrigerant circuit (20) includes various sensors. Specifically, a high pressure sensor (60), a high pressure switch (61), and a discharge temperature sensor (62) are provided on the high pressure gas pipe (24).
  • the high pressure sensor (60) detects the pressure of the high pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor (30).
  • the discharge temperature sensor (62) detects the temperature of the high pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor (30).
  • a low pressure sensor (63) and a suction temperature sensor (64) are provided on a low pressure gas pipe (28) between the evaporator (33) and the compressor (30).
  • the low pressure sensor (63) detects the pressure of the low pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked into the compressor (30).
  • the suction temperature sensor (64) detects the temperature of the low pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked into the compressor (30).
  • the method for detecting whether a different refrigerant has been charged is a method for detecting whether a refrigerant different from a normal refrigerant (a refrigerant selected as a refrigerant to be charged) has been charged into the refrigerant circuit (20).
  • the normal refrigerant is refrigerant R134a.
  • the type of the refrigerant herein is an example.
  • the value detected by the outside temperature sensor (69) is used as the temperature of the refrigerant before being charged, i.e., the temperature of the refrigerant outside the container, to obtain the accurate temperature of the refrigerant. This enables the derivation of the accurate saturation temperature characteristics of the charged refrigerant.
  • a value detected by not the low pressure sensor (63) but the high pressure sensor (60) may be input, as the pressure of the charged refrigerant, to the characteristics determiner (101).
  • the operator manually inputs refrigerant charging information to the data storage (103) (step ST5, an inputting step).
  • the refrigerant charging information includes the "type of the charged refrigerant,” “the amount of the refrigerant charged,” “whether the refrigerant circuit is filled,” a “cylinder number” for the charged refrigerant, the "name of a company to which the operator having charged the refrigerant belongs (repair shop code),” and the "name” of the operator.
  • the actuation authorization section (104) determines that the input type is different from the type of the normal refrigerant, it outputs a corresponding signal to the actuation prohibition section (105). Then, the actuation prohibition section (105) determines whether the "type of the refrigerant" input to the data storage (103) is identical to the type of a predetermined refrigerant different from the normal refrigerant (step ST8, a type determining step).
  • the predetermined refrigerant is refrigerant R40.
  • the refrigerant R40 has saturation temperature characteristics substantially equivalent to those of the normal refrigerant R134a, and is not so compatible with the container refrigeration apparatus (10) of this embodiment.
  • the alarm (102) issues an alarm indicating that the charged refrigerant is different from the normal refrigerant (step ST4).
  • the actuation prohibition section (105) determines that the type of the refrigerant input to the data storage (103) is identical to the type of the predetermined refrigerant (R40), it outputs an "operation start disapproval” signal to the data storage (103), and the signal is recorded in the data storage (103) (step ST, a forcible prohibition step).
  • one of the "operation start authorization" signal or the "operation start disapproval” signal is recorded in the data storage (103), and when the "operation start disapproval” signal has been recorded, the compressor (30) cannot be actuated.
  • the actuation authorization section (104) determines whether or not the "operation start authorization” signal has been recorded in the data storage (103) (step ST11). If the "operation start authorization” signal has been recorded, the compressor (30) is actuated to start operation of the container refrigeration apparatus (10). If no "operation start authorization” signal has been recorded, i.e., if the "operation start disapproval” signal has been recorded, the compressor (30) is not actuated, and the operator performs operations to cancel the recorded "operation start disapproval” signal. For example, the operator collects the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (20), evacuates the refrigerant circuit (20), and again charges the normal refrigerant into the refrigerant circuit (20). In other words, the operator performs operations such that this process returns to step ST1. Thus, when, in step ST7, the "operation start authorization" signal is recorded, the recorded "operation start disapproval” signal is canceled.
  • the operator When the refrigerant circuit (20) is sensed to be out of gas, for example, during the above-described cooling mode (step ST20), the operator additionally charges a refrigerant into the refrigerant circuit (20) while continuing the cooling mode, i.e., with the compressor (30) driven (step ST21).
  • the situation where the refrigerant circuit (20) is out of gas corresponds to a situation where the amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (20) is inadequate.
  • the recorded "operation start authorization" signal can ensure the start of operation of the container refrigeration apparatus (10) (actuation of the compressor (30)).
  • the recorded "operation start disapproval” signal can ensure the prevention of the start of operation of the container refrigeration apparatus (10) (actuation of the compressor (30)).
  • the operation of the container refrigeration apparatus (10) can be reliably prevented from starting. This can prevent, for example, damage to the refrigeration machine before it occurs.
  • a more highly reliable container refrigeration apparatus (10) can be provided.
  • the present invention is not limited to the container refrigeration apparatus (10), and can be applied to other refrigeration apparatuses, such as an air conditioner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour détecter si un réfrigérant différent a été chargé ou non dans un appareil de réfrigération incluant un circuit de réfrigérant (20) à travers lequel un réfrigérant circule et qui effectue ainsi un cycle de réfrigération, le procédé comprenant :
    une étape de chargement consistant à charger un réfrigérant dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20) ;
    une étape de détermination de caractéristiques pour déterminer si des caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé lors de l'étape de chargement sont identiques ou non à des caractéristiques de température de saturation d'un réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant étant dérivées d'une pression et d'une température du réfrigérant ;
    une étape d'alerte consistant à, lorsque lors de l'étape de détermination de caractéristiques, il est déterminé que les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé dans l'étape de chargement sont différentes des caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, délivrer une alarme indiquant que le réfrigérant chargé est différent du réfrigérant normal ;
    une étape d'entrée consistant à, lorsque lors de l'étape de détermination de caractéristiques, il est déterminé que les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé dans l'étape de chargement sont identiques aux caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, entrer manuellement un type du réfrigérant chargé dans un stockage de données (103) ;
    une étape d'interdiction forcée consistant à, lorsque le type entré dans le stockage de données (103) est identique à un type d'un réfrigérant prédéterminé différent du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, interdire de manière forcée un démarrage de fonctionnement de l'appareil de réfrigération, et
    lors de l'étape de détermination de caractéristiques, une température détectée par un capteur de température extérieure (69) qui mesure une température extérieure est utilisée pour dériver les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant en tant que température du réfrigérant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    une étape d'autorisation de fonctionnement consistant à, lorsque le type entré dans le stockage de données est identique à un type du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, enregistrer un signal permettant un démarrage de fonctionnement de l'appareil de réfrigération dans le stockage de données (103).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    lorsque lors de l'étape de détermination de caractéristiques, il est déterminé que les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé lors de l'étape de chargement sont identiques aux caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, un opérateur vérifie si un type du réfrigérant chargé est identique ou non à un type du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, et l'opérateur démarre un fonctionnement de l'appareil de réfrigération lorsque le type du réfrigérant chargé est identique au type du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    lors de l'étape d'entrée, non seulement le type du réfrigérant chargé, mais également un nombre de cylindres pour le réfrigérant chargé, un nom d'une société à laquelle appartient un opérateur ayant chargé le réfrigérant et un nom de l'opérateur sont entrés manuellement dans le stockage de données.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    le circuit de réfrigérant (20) ajuste une température d'air intérieur.
  6. Appareil de réfrigération incluant un circuit de réfrigérant (20) qui est connecté à un compresseur (30), à travers lequel un réfrigérant circule, et qui effectue ainsi un cycle de réfrigération, un capteur de basse pression (63) configuré pour détecter la pression de gaz basse pression dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20) ou un capteur de haute pression (60) configuré pour détecter la pression de gaz haute pression dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20), et un capteur de température extérieure (69) configuré pour mesurer une température extérieure, l'appareil comprenant en outre :
    un dispositif de détermination de caractéristiques (101) configuré pour dériver des caractéristiques de température de saturation d'un réfrigérant chargé dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20) à partir d'une pression détectée par le capteur de basse pression (63) ou le capteur de haute pression (60) et une température du réfrigérant après qu'une pression interne d'un tuyau de réfrigérant du circuit de réfrigérant (20) ait atteint zéro ou moins, dans lequel la température est détectée par le capteur de température extérieure (69), et déterminer si les caractéristiques de température de saturation sont identiques ou non à des caractéristiques de température de saturation d'un réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement ;
    une alarme (102) configurée pour, lorsque le dispositif de détermination de caractéristiques (101) détermine que les caractéristiques de température de saturation sont différentes des caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal, délivrer une alarme indiquant que le réfrigérant chargé dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20) est différent du réfrigérant normal ;
    un stockage de données (103) configuré pour recevoir un type du réfrigérant chargé dans le circuit de réfrigérant (20) par une entrée manuelle, lorsque le dispositif de détermination de caractéristiques (101) détermine que les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé sont identiques aux caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal ;
    une section d'interdiction d'actionnement (105) configurée pour, lorsque le type d'entrée dans le stockage de données (103) est identique à un type d'un réfrigérant prédéterminé différent du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, interdire de manière forcée un actionnement du compresseur (30), et
    le dispositif de détermination de caractéristiques (101) est configuré pour une utilisation en dérivation des caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant une température détectée par un capteur de température extérieure (69) qui mesure une température extérieure en tant que température du réfrigérant.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, comprenant en outre :
    une section d'autorisation d'actionnement (104) configurée pour, lorsque le type d'entrée dans le stockage de données (103) est identique à un type de réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, enregistrer un signal permettant un actionnement du compresseur (30) dans le stockage de données (103).
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 6, dans lequel
    lorsque le dispositif de détermination de caractéristiques (101) détermine que les caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant chargé sont identiques aux caractéristiques de température de saturation du réfrigérant normal, un opérateur vérifie si un type de réfrigérant chargé est identique ou non à un type du réfrigérant normal déterminé préalablement, et
    l'appareil de réfrigération inclut en outre une section de commande de démarrage de fonctionnement configurée pour, lorsque le type du réfrigérant chargé est identique au type de réfrigérant normal préalablement déterminé, actionner le compresseur (30).
  9. Appareil selon la revendication 6, dans lequel
    le stockage de données (103) est configuré pour non seulement recevoir le type du réfrigérant chargé, mais aussi un nombre de cylindres pour le réfrigérant chargé, un nom d'une société à laquelle appartient un opérateur ayant chargé le réfrigérant, et un nom de l'opérateur par une entrée manuelle dans le stockage de données (103).
  10. Appareil selon la revendication 6, dans lequel
    le circuit de réfrigérant (20) ajuste une température d'air intérieur.
EP12862282.6A 2011-12-29 2012-12-25 Dispositif de réfrigération et procédé pour détecter le chargement d'un mauvais fluide frigorigène Active EP2801772B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011290214A JP5445577B2 (ja) 2011-12-29 2011-12-29 冷凍装置およびその異冷媒充填検出方法
PCT/JP2012/008227 WO2013099200A1 (fr) 2011-12-29 2012-12-25 Dispositif de réfrigération et procédé pour détecter le chargement d'un mauvais fluide frigorigène

Publications (3)

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EP2801772A1 EP2801772A1 (fr) 2014-11-12
EP2801772A4 EP2801772A4 (fr) 2015-10-07
EP2801772B1 true EP2801772B1 (fr) 2021-03-17

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20140373559A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2801772B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5445577B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103998876B (fr)
DK (1) DK2801772T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201403680QA (fr)
WO (1) WO2013099200A1 (fr)

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CN103530989A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2014-01-22 江苏物联网研究发展中心 防止食物变质的报警装置
JP2019011899A (ja) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-24 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和装置
CN110887168B (zh) * 2018-09-10 2021-05-18 奥克斯空调股份有限公司 一种空调器冷媒不足的检测方法及其空调器

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JP3714304B2 (ja) 2002-07-10 2005-11-09 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
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JP4165566B2 (ja) * 2006-01-25 2008-10-15 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置
JP4225357B2 (ja) * 2007-04-13 2009-02-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷媒充填装置、冷凍装置及び冷媒充填方法
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ITTV20110073A1 (it) * 2011-05-30 2012-12-01 Texa Spa Sistema analizzatore di gas configurato in modo da determinare la concentrazione di un gas refrigerante e/o di gas contaminanti presenti in un sistema di condizionamento aria autoveicolistico

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5285647A (en) * 1993-03-08 1994-02-15 Spx Corporation Refrigerant handling system with air purge and multiple refrigerant capabilities
US5285647B1 (en) * 1993-03-08 1999-02-23 Spx Corp Refrigerant handling system with air purge and multiple refrigerant capabilities

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140373559A1 (en) 2014-12-25
JP2013139948A (ja) 2013-07-18
EP2801772A1 (fr) 2014-11-12
JP5445577B2 (ja) 2014-03-19
DK2801772T3 (da) 2021-05-17
SG11201403680QA (en) 2014-10-30
CN103998876B (zh) 2016-07-06
CN103998876A (zh) 2014-08-20
EP2801772A4 (fr) 2015-10-07
WO2013099200A1 (fr) 2013-07-04

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