Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
  • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
  • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
  • H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
  • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
  • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
  • H02K19/26—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

• the present invention relates to flux switching machines and more particularly but not exclusively those said simple excitation.
• a flux switching machine comprises a non-wound rotor devoid of permanent magnets and a stator having phase windings and excitation coils and / or permanent magnets.
• the AC voltage at the terminals of the phase windings is produced by switching the flux following the rotation of the rotor.
• the stator is composed of a succession of teeth and notches in which are arranged successively an excitation coil and a phase coil.
• the utility model CN 201536282 and the patent EP0909010 disclose a double excitation flux switching machine in which the permanent magnets have an influence on the excitation of the motor.
• the publication FR 2 898 439 discloses a double excitation flux switching machine.
• the notches of the stator have unequal shapes to accommodate in the deepest notches both excitation coils and phase windings.
• each notch receiving conductors of an excitation coil and the two adjacent notches receiving Phase winding conductors constitute an elementary cell.
• the excitation coils and the phase coils each cover two dental steps with the stator, that is to say that the notches which receive them are separated by two teeth.
• the invention aims to further improve these machines.
• the object of the invention is, according to a first aspect of the invention, an electrical machine, advantageously a single excitation flux switching machine, comprising excitation coils and phase windings, the excitation coils and the phase windings being housed in respective notches of the stator, of unequal shapes so that the excitation coils are offset radially with respect to the phase windings.
• the excitation windings are closer to the air gap than the phase windings.
• the mechanical interferences between the excitation and phase coils are reduced, and the radial offset makes it possible to minimize the length and bulk of the coil heads.
• the invention also makes it possible to very significantly reduce the amount of conductive materials used and to improve performance, particularly in terms of power and efficiency.
• the invention makes it possible in particular, by positioning the excitation windings, to reduce the excitation leakage flux and to increase the coupling of the rotor and stator armatures, which contributes to increasing the electromagnetic torque available.
• the ratio a / b may be between 0.65 and 0.85, more preferably between 0.7 and 0, 8.
• phase windings and the excitation windings overlap radially, that is to say that they extend at least partially opposite one another in the radial direction, which allows to gain in compactness.
• Each notch advantageously receives only one type of winding, phase or excitation.
• a given slot does not include both electrical conductors of phase windings and excitation windings.
• the notches housing the windings radially furthest away from the rotor may have a larger circumferential dimension greater than the largest circumferential dimension of the notches housing the coils that are the least radially distant from the rotor. This makes it possible to have a larger plate width for the excitation flux.
• the windings housed in the notches radially furthest from the rotor occupy a Si section in the notches and the windings housed in the slots which are the least radially distant from the rotor occupy a section S 2 in the notches, with S 2 > Si.
• phase windings are housed in the corresponding notches, arranged in two superimposed layers, the conductors associated with each layer occupying the same regions of the two notches and / or the conductors of the excitation coils are arranged in the corresponding notches according to two nested layers, the conductors of the same layer being arranged in different regions of the notches.
• phase windings are housed in the corresponding notches being arranged without being superimposed radially in these notches, and the excitation coils are housed in the corresponding notches being arranged without being superimposed radially in these notches.
• the notches farthest radially from the axis of rotation of the rotor may have between the winding received by the notch and the air gap opposite edges diverging and converging towards the rotor.
• the angle of divergence is for example between 50 and 60 °.
• the diverging edges can be connected at their end radially outer to close edges. These can be connected to a shoulder, which participates in the retention of the winding conductors in the notch.
• the notches housing the windings that are the least radially distant from the rotor may include reliefs for fixing winding retainers.
• the machine may comprise a single phase winding notch or alternatively two phase windings per notch.
• stator rid s teeth there is a number of stator rid s teeth equal to 24 and a number of teeth equal to 14 ndr rotor.
• FIG. 1 partially represents an example of a stator produced according to the invention
• FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate two possibilities of arrangement of the stator windings in the notches
• FIGS 4 and 5 show two examples of stator winding configurations.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically a stator 1 of a single-flow switching machine, intended to magnetically cooperate with a rotor devoid of permanent magnets and comprising, for example, ⁇ ⁇ teeth uniformly distributed around the periphery of the rotor.
• the stator 1 comprises two series of notches, namely a first series of notches 3 receiving the excitation coils E and a second series of notches 5 receiving the phase windings A, B and C, in the case of a three-phase machine.
• the notches 3 and 5 are offset radially, the bottom 6 of the notches 5 being located at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than the bottom 7 of the notches 3.
• the notches 3 may comprise, as illustrated, near the air gap, reliefs 10 in the form of small grooves for receiving 1 1 holds the windings, mounted to slide in the grooves 10, not shown.
• the notches 5 have a shoulder 13 which can be used to support the conductors housed inside.
• the shoulder 13 borders a passage 15 formed between close edges 16, which are connected in the direction of the air gap at edges 17 which diverge towards the rotor and connect themselves to edges 18 which converge towards the rotor .
• the edges 18 are as radial as possible, so as to have a passage of the substantially constant density excitation flux in the direction of the gap.
• a and b denote the respective angular widths of a tooth and a notch at the air gap, then a / b ⁇ 0.75 is preferably used.
• the angular width b of the notches 3 at the gap is preferably equal to that of the notches 5.
• R 2 denotes the distance from the bottom 6 of the notch 5 to the axis of rotation of the rotor
• Ri the distance from the bottom 7 of the notch 3 to the same axis
• R 3 the distance of the winding received in the notch 5 to the axis of rotation, that is to say the distance from the shoulder 13 to this axis.
• the coils received in the notches 3 are located at a distance R4 from the axis of rotation.
• 0.8 ⁇ Ri / R 2 ⁇ 1.0 is preferably used, which facilitates the assembly of the windings in an interleaved configuration, as described below with reference to FIG. 5.
• the angle of divergence of the edges 17 is for example between 50 and 60 °.
• the notches 5 which are furthest from the axis of rotation than the slots 3 may have a greater circumferential dimension ⁇ ⁇ greater than the greater circumferential dimension 1 2 for 3 slots.
• the machine comprises a succession of elementary cells each constituted by a notch containing the conductors E + or E- of an excitation coil E and by two adjacent notches receiving the conductors of the phase coils A +, A-, B +, B-, C + or C-, the machine being polyphase, in particular three-phase, A, B and C designating the phases.
• the signs + and - are assigned to the drivers as they go in one direction or the other within the notch.
• the same excitation coil E thus comprises conductors E + and E-.
• the excitation windings E are conventionally connected to a direct current source.
• each coil is oriented substantially radially, the machine being a so-called "radial" machine.
• FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate examples of filling configurations of the notches.
• the stator is represented linearly and with notches 3 and 5 equal, for the sake of clarity of the drawing and simplification thereof.
• the notches which receive the phase windings can each receive a single phase winding, as illustrated in FIG. 2, with for example as illustrated an alternation in the circumferential direction between the conductors E + and E- of the excitation windings and those of the phase windings, with, for example, as illustrated, the succession of phase A +, E + excitation, A- phase, E- excitation, B + phase, E + excitation, B- phase conductors.
• the winding is said to be double-layered, that is to say that a notch receiving the phase windings receives the windings of two phases, for example A + and C-, B + and A-, C + and B-, A + and C- as illustrated.
• phase windings A, B or C may be arranged, as illustrated in FIG. 4, each in a layer 67, the electrical conductors of the same phase winding occupying portions of the notches located at the same distance from the axis of rotation.
• Two phase windings having conductors received in the same notch 5 do not overlap radially. It may be the same excitation coils E. It is seen in Figure 4 that the coil heads are arranged without nesting.
• FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which the phase windings A, B or C are arranged in two layers 60, 61 superimposed radially in the notches 3.
• the electrical conductors of the same layer 60 or 61 occupy portions notches located at the same distance from the axis of rotation.
• the excitation windings E are arranged in two interleaved layers 63, 64, that is to say that the conductors of the same layer 63 or 64 are arranged in portions 3a, 3b of the two consecutive notches 3, located at different distances from the axis of rotation.
• the same excitation coil comprises, on one side, conductors arranged in the portion 3b of the notch 3 closest to the air gap, and the opposite side, in the notch 3 adjacent conductors arranged in the portion 3a of the notch, the furthest from the gap.
• the invention is not limited to these configurations of notches and particular windings and it is possible, for example, to have elementary cells whose notches respectively receive the excitation windings E + and E- from the same coil. excitation are separated by a different number of teeth.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
• Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47263508

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (18)

• 2011
  • 2011-11-10 FR FR1160283A patent/FR2982714B1/fr active Active
• 2012
  • 2012-11-08 EP EP12794512.9A patent/EP2777137A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-11-08 US US14/350,474 patent/US9698659B2/en active Active
  • 2012-11-08 IN IN979KON2014 patent/IN2014KN00979A/en unknown
  • 2012-11-08 CN CN201280054967.7A patent/CN103931088B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-11-08 WO PCT/IB2012/056253 patent/WO2013068956A2/fr active Application Filing

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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