EP2773994A2 - Automatische strukturbestimmung - Google Patents
Automatische strukturbestimmungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2773994A2 EP2773994A2 EP12791089.1A EP12791089A EP2773994A2 EP 2773994 A2 EP2773994 A2 EP 2773994A2 EP 12791089 A EP12791089 A EP 12791089A EP 2773994 A2 EP2773994 A2 EP 2773994A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- structures
- optical unit
- analysis
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010166 immunofluorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007431 microscopic evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003463 organelle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013610 patient sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/025—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having a carousel or turntable for reaction cells or cuvettes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/24—Base structure
- G02B21/241—Devices for focusing
- G02B21/244—Devices for focusing using image analysis techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/32—Micromanipulators structurally combined with microscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/365—Control or image processing arrangements for digital or video microscopes
- G02B21/367—Control or image processing arrangements for digital or video microscopes providing an output produced by processing a plurality of individual source images, e.g. image tiling, montage, composite images, depth sectioning, image comparison
Definitions
- the invention relates to an automated method for the optical analysis of structures, in particular for the analysis and determination of biological, cellular structures, and a device for this purpose.
- samples of biological organisms are also examined microscopically for changes in constituents or structures in order to detect diseases and to monitor their progress.
- the implementation of chemical and biological testing procedures is becoming more and more automated, thereby improving the cost and speed of the analysis.
- the microscopic examination is then carried out by an experienced person.
- WO 2006/000115 describes an apparatus and method for arranging pipette or dispenser tips in a system for manipulating fluid samples.
- Such apparatus includes a robotic manipulator for aligning pipette or dispenser tips in an X direction and in a substantially perpendicular thereto Y direction with respect to sample containers disposed in or on the system.
- Such devices also include pipette or dispenser tips that extend substantially vertically and that are raisable and lowerable in a Z-direction that is substantially perpendicular to the X and Y directions. These holders are preferably guided on the work table displaced.
- Liquid samples may also be located in the wells of microtiter plates or from the wells Sample tubes have been pipetted into these wells or wells. In this case, usually two microtiter plates are arranged on a so-called “carrier”, which is preferably likewise displaceably guided on the work table.
- carrier which is preferably likewise displaceably guided on the work table.
- such a device for manipulating samples in containers and / or on slides in the region of an XY field is further known, in which the first and the second robot manipulator can process at least the entire area of the XY field , practically without affecting each other.
- the action areas of the two robot manipulators can be chosen freely.
- the second robot manipulator can pass the first robot manipulator with or without objects loaded.
- the repositioning of a wide variety of objects with the second robot manipulator e.g. moving active devices in the form of scanners (1 D, 2D), cameras, printheads, etc. allows the use of the functions of these devices across the entire field of the work platform.
- EP 1 829 613 A1 discloses a storage unit for biological samples, with a substantially horizontal main floor space and a plurality of storage chambers.
- biological samples e.g. Tissue samples obtained by biopsy, very often stored as tissue pieces in cassettes or as thin sections on glass slides.
- a selection of such cassettes and glass slides are described e.g. offered by the company Thermo Shandon.
- WO 2005/103725 A1 also discloses a device for transporting or examining liquids in a system for working with liquid samples.
- the device comprises at least one functional element with at least one functional end, wherein the functional elements are aligned substantially perpendicular to the working field in a Z-direction.
- DE 10 2007 018 483 A1 describes working platforms for treating liquids, such as, for example, pipetting liquids from containers and distributing them in the wells of a microtiter plate, which are known from document WO 02/059626 A1 entitled "Pipetting device”. and EP 1 477 815 A1, entitled "Apparatus for Precise Starting of Microplate Wells”.
- a device for conditioning a system liquid for a liquid handling device is further disclosed, wherein reference is made to the following prior art.
- Industries involved in biochemical techniques for example in pharmaceutical research and clinical diagnostics, require equipment for processing fluid volumes and fluid samples.
- Automated systems usually include a liquid handling device, such as a single pipetting device or multiple pipetting devices, which are used on liquid containers, which are located on the work table of a workstation or a so-called "liquid handling workstation".
- microtiter plates In the prior art, as known, for example, from WO 2006/000115 A1, WO 02/059626 A1 and EP 1 477 815 A1, it is customary for microtiter plates to have either all eight wells or positions of a microtiter plate with eight equidistant plates. at the same time filled and washed and provided with reagent.
- EP 1 921 552 relates to a network-controlled method for ensuring the authenticity and quality of visually collected findings in laboratory diagnostics due to manual or semi-automated medical laboratory analyzes using the technique "indirect immunofluorescence".
- the laboratory system used is intended to reduce human error sources by electronically networking the sample processing steps and to ensure that the visually collected findings are based on a correct and error-free database associated with the patient sample being examined.
- the visually collected findings are based on an assessment of the fluorescence pattern of the findings and are therefore based on a manual step.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art described above, to dispense with manual steps in an optical determination, as well as to achieve an increased level of system stability.
- the invention therefore aims to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting or for the optical analysis of two- and / or three-dimensional structures of material obtained in particular from biological samples, with which a microscopic analysis is carried out without human intervention can be.
- the invention also aims to recognize by means of these structures the sample known typical conditions such as diseases or anomalies.
- the invention also aims to perform this optical analysis in a device together with a chemical and biological analysis.
- Such a comparison can be carried out by means of an algorithm, for example by means of a so-called “best fit” method, which makes it possible to recognize specific features or structures in images and to assign them to already known features
- malignant changes are routinely detected without the influence of human activities being assigned to certain patterns.
- they To enable such a computer-aided recognition of the two-dimensional or three-dimensional structures, they must be extremely accurately recorded, ie the sample to be examined must be as closely as possible in the focus of the For this purpose, it has been found according to the invention that this is possible by a combination of contrast analysis and color value recognition.
- a stop signal is triggered which stops the change in distance between the optical unit and the sample.
- an autofocusing system can be obtained, which allows a complete renunciation of human manipulation, while at the same time increasing the stability of the system. In particular, this can be dispensed with the additional labeling of positive / negative cells as a control.
- the method according to the invention avoids the need for special exposure settings and ensures protection against false focus, in particular dust focusing.
- Typical methods for contrast analysis are known per se and commercially available.
- the procedure is such that a pattern of different colors is imaged and the position of the focus of the optics and / or the position of the sample is changed until a maximum number of different, separate color pixels is reached. In the procedure according to the invention, this is preferably done with the colors red, green and / or blue.
- Such algorithms for color value analysis are known per se and available on the Internet and in the trade, for. B. Fa. Keyence.
- the sample container on contrast features such as lines, dots, checks, etc., which may possibly also be colored. These features are preferably arranged so that they leave the sample container, but come to lie as close to this. With such features, it is also possible to detect any tilting of sample containers and to adjust them by the previously described autofocusing. This is particularly advantageous if a variety of juxtaposed sample containers to a so-called “multiwell plate” is summarized.
- the sample usually contained in a liquid is prepared in such a way that it has a surface which is as flat as possible. This is done, for example, in that the sample is added only in a small amount of liquid or the liquid is removed again after application.
- an analysis device can be used as the analysis device, as described in DE 10 2008 022 835, which additionally contains an electro-optical unit.
- a microscope in the sense of the present invention can be understood to mean a movable microscope such as, for example, a conventional light microscope, a laser microscope, in particular also scanning microscopes, in particular laser scanning microscopes.
- a sample is a biochemical or chemical sample.
- the sample can be placed in a small container such as
- test tube wells, pots, or on a sample carrier, in particular be applied to a slide.
- the sample itself may comprise cells, both living and dead cells, viruses, RNA and DNA molecules, cell components or organelles such as membranes.
- the electronic detection or imaging of the sample by means of an electro-optical unit is preferably carried out by the sample is placed just below the beam path of the microscope or optics.
- the generated images are directed to a converter that converts light signals into electronic signals.
- this is a CCD device.
- contrast analysis takes place by means of a displacement-controlled computer via contrast analysis and color value recognition.
- contrast analysis the contrast is optimized by means of a per se known algorithm by shifting the optics and / or the sample in the vertical direction (Z-axis). This puts the sample in the focus of the optics of the microscope.
- color value recognition for example, different colors such as red, green or blue are determined separately in the pixels of the electro-positive unit and a maximum of separate pixels of these colors is generated.
- a preset of the focus done and in particular a fast automatic detection of the correct focus setting can be achieved.
- an alignment layer may be present for each individual sample.
- the alignment layer may be located at various points on or on the multi-well plate. This can advantageously height differences as z. B. can be detected faster at tilts of the sample over the whole multiwell plate.
- the method additionally comprises processing the sample.
- a sample to be examined on a slide in a test tube can be brought into contact with other biochemical, chemical compounds, in particular in solution, so that a biochemical or chemical reaction can occur.
- the processing of the sample includes a waiting time, such as an incubation time, or a mixing time. The sample is not examined immediately with the electronic unit, but only after the waiting time.
- the method according to the invention comprises covering the sample with a covering device.
- a cover device may be a glass plate, a plastic plate or another translucent plate.
- the samples for example, when applied to a slide, may be surrounded by an applied liquid drop.
- the procedure according to the invention also includes a computer-aided differentiation by means of a data bank / library structures such as B of a histogram.
- a positive or negative recognition is implemented in such a way that image information is displayed in such a way by means of a mathematical classification based on an algorithm that the image displays positive or negative structures, in particular characteristic rasters, structures or patterns.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method as a flow chart
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the analytical device according to the invention without a microscope
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic structure of the analysis device according to the invention with a microscope
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the step shown in block A structure determination
- the step shown in block A consists of the sample preparation consisting of reading the sample identification by means of barcode reader integrated in the analysis device and loading the analyzer with the reagents necessary for the respective test with subsequent start of the fully automatic sample processing of the immunofluorescence test and the automatic microscopy and / or recording the samples.
- the autofocusing is performed with the aid of a contrast analysis and a color value recognition and subsequently electronic images are generated with a CCD camera.
- image processing image processing
- the previously generated images are stored in a picture and data archive by means of data processing software and can thus be used for the subsequent automatic classification (pos / neg) by means of histograms.
- the step shown in block C serves to secure the diagnosis and to confirm the classification.
- the aids shown in block D can be consulted. Completion of the procedure is completed by producing a report.
- FIG. 2 shows an overall perspective view of an analysis device 2 according to the invention for examining biological and chemical samples 5, which is used as analysis device 2.
- the analysis device 2 has a helmet-shaped device housing 2 with an unfolded visor-like cover 3, which can be opened and closed around two hinges 4.
- On the rear side (not shown) are the electrical plug connection strips, to which various plugs for the electrical 24 V network, for the electrical control signals to a data processing system (personal computer) and for measuring signals (in particular a USB interface) are connected.
- a data processing system personal computer
- measuring signals in particular a USB interface
- the analysis device 2 has a base plate 12, which carries a work plate 13, which is also arranged horizontally in use, often called a carousel, and which can be rotated about its vertical axis by a motor or drive into a predetermined angle of rotation.
- a work plate 13 which is also arranged horizontally in use, often called a carousel, and which can be rotated about its vertical axis by a motor or drive into a predetermined angle of rotation.
- two rectangular recesses for receiving two sample containers 13 a are provided, wherein only a sample container 13 a is placed, which contains in a matrix arrangement a plurality of pots or wells 13 b:
- This inner work plate 13 is in the radial direction through an annular worktop 14, are arranged on the circumferentially transparent slides 15 which carry biological or chemical samples each.
- This annular work plate 14 is fixed by means of supports 16 on the base plate 12.
- This annular work plate 14 can in other embodiments not shown, however, via a be rotated separate rotary drive or rotated together with the inner worktop.
- an approximately semicircular test tube holder 20 is provided which has holes 21 for smaller test tubes.
- an approximately quarter-circular test tube holder 22 with larger holes 23 for larger test tubes 24 is arranged in the same circumferential region on the left side of FIG.
- a sample manipulator 3 which carries a support arm 26 extending parallel to the inner work surface 13 in a horizontal direction and a carriage (not visible) movable along this support arm 26 by means of a horizontal spindle drive 27.
- This carriage carries a vertically movable Z-direction needle system with the needle unit 32, which can be brought from a first vertical drive 33 in predetermined vertical positions. Thereby, the free tips of the needle unit 32 can be positioned in an upper position above and in a lower position within a puddle 13b of a sample container 13a.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the arrangement from FIG. 2 together with the microscope 4.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12791089.1A EP2773994A2 (de) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-29 | Automatische strukturbestimmung |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011117273A DE102011117273A1 (de) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Automatische Strukturbestimmung |
EP2012004492 | 2012-10-26 | ||
EP12791089.1A EP2773994A2 (de) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-29 | Automatische strukturbestimmung |
PCT/EP2012/004527 WO2013064237A2 (de) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-29 | Automatische strukturbestimmung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2773994A2 true EP2773994A2 (de) | 2014-09-10 |
Family
ID=51266044
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12791089.1A Pending EP2773994A2 (de) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-29 | Automatische strukturbestimmung |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2773994A2 (de) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100128144A1 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-05-27 | Hiok Nam Tay | Auto-focus image system |
-
2012
- 2012-10-29 EP EP12791089.1A patent/EP2773994A2/de active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100128144A1 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-05-27 | Hiok Nam Tay | Auto-focus image system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2013064237A2 * |
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Inventor name: MATTHIAS, TORSTEN Inventor name: WENDE, MATTHIAS Inventor name: WULF, MARKUS Inventor name: BLECKEN, JENS Inventor name: SCHIMON, HANS-PETER |