EP2771595A1 - Conception fonctionnellement optimisée d'une chemise de cylindre - Google Patents

Conception fonctionnellement optimisée d'une chemise de cylindre

Info

Publication number
EP2771595A1
EP2771595A1 EP12758861.4A EP12758861A EP2771595A1 EP 2771595 A1 EP2771595 A1 EP 2771595A1 EP 12758861 A EP12758861 A EP 12758861A EP 2771595 A1 EP2771595 A1 EP 2771595A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder liner
cylinder
liner
collar
pressure side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12758861.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Gniesmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Publication of EP2771595A1 publication Critical patent/EP2771595A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/84—Making other particular articles other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J10/00—Engine or like cylinders; Features of hollow, e.g. cylindrical, bodies in general
    • F16J10/02—Cylinders designed to receive moving pistons or plungers
    • F16J10/04—Running faces; Liners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/4927—Cylinder, cylinder head or engine valve sleeve making
    • Y10T29/49272—Cylinder, cylinder head or engine valve sleeve making with liner, coating, or sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder liner of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine according to the features of the respective preambles of claims 1 and 2.
  • the purpose of the cylinder liner is to minimize wear as a friction partner to the piston rings, to dissipate the heat of combustion and to improve the mechanical stability of the system during operation while minimizing operational deformations.
  • wet and dry cylinder liners After the function, a distinction is made between wet and dry cylinder liners.
  • Wet cylinder liners have a collar over which the bush is fixed in the engine block or in the cylinder housing in the vertical direction.
  • the rotationally symmetrical outer contours of the cylinder liner including the collar determine a minimum cylinder spacing.
  • Wet bushings are inserted into the cylinder housing in correspondingly processed recordings. To seal against coolant and oil seals are used.
  • Previous wet cylinder liners are usually produced by centrifugal casting and then machined rotationally symmetrical. In wet cylinder liners, which are cooled by means of a cooling liquid from the outside, it may cause cavitation or corrosion damage due to thermal and mechanical stresses on the coolant surfaces, which may jeopardize the function of the engine depending on the extent.
  • Dry cylinder liners are pressed into the cylinder housing, shrunk or cast.
  • the water jacket is not in contrast to wet liners between the liner material and the cylinder housing, but is as in the monometallic design part of the cylinder housing casting.
  • Dry bushings are made of either gray cast iron, AL alloys or as sintered bushes made of powder metallurgical materials.
  • DE 196 05 946 C1 discloses a manufacturing method for cylinder liners, with which a liner with thin wall thickness is first produced to achieve improved wear resistance.
  • a mandrel with an outer circumference corresponding to the inner circumference of the cylinder liner to be produced is used as the shaped outer body, and a spray material of the desired thickness is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating mandrel by a known thermal spraying method.
  • the sleeve located on the mandrel can be ground and optionally profiled.
  • the bush is machined on the end faces if necessary.
  • the cylinder liner according to DE 195 78 1 1 A1 consists of two different materials. A liner insert made of cast iron is enclosed on the outside by a support cylinder made of steel. This known concept with two components arranged concentrically to one another requires a high manufacturing outlay and, for economic reasons, is therefore ruled out for mass production use.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a functionally optimized cylinder liner that allows improved protection against cavitation, an increase in strength and a space-optimized environment construction. It is another object of the invention to provide a method by which any outer contour of the cylinder liner can be generated.
  • the present invention according to the features of claims 1 and 2 measures to provide a functionally optimized cylinder liner. Furthermore, the invention according to the features of claim 10 includes a method for designing the cylinder liner outer contour.
  • the measures according to the invention according to claim 1 for the realization of a function-optimized, wet cylinder liner relate to the outer design of a cylinder liner and are individually or jointly applicable.
  • a rotationally symmetrical design of the outer side or lateral surface of the cylinder liner is provided according to the invention, areas which are subject to a high risk of cavitation, rotationally asymmetric form.
  • a lateral surface deviating from a circular shape advantageously makes it possible to reinforce endangered regions of the cylinder liner and thus to provide a cylinder liner which is durably and reliably protected against coolant-induced cavitation and corrosion damage.
  • the outer side of the cylinder liner forms a rotationally asymmetric geometry except for the snug fit in the crankcase or cylinder housing and the zones of the sealing elements.
  • the outer contour of the collar of the cylinder liner can continue to run out of round or as a freeform.
  • the waistband width significantly determines an axial distance between adjacent cylinder liners in the installed state, can be selectively reduced by a non-circular outer region of the federal government waistband in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the internal combustion engine and thus a distance between adjacent cylinder liners.
  • the geometrical asymmetries of the measures according to the invention enable a shortened block length of the cylinder housing and consequently the realization of an advantageously space-optimized internal combustion engine.
  • the functionally optimized cylinder liner is oriented in a position-oriented manner and fitted in an adapted, counterform-forming receptacle of the cylinder or cylinder housing in a form-fitting manner.
  • the invention thus provides solutions whereby the susceptibility or damage of the cylinder liner against cavitation, corrosion or erosion is reduced and thus the life of the liners can be improved. Associated with this also results in an increased life and reliability of the internal combustion engine, which is equipped with such liners.
  • the invention of claim 2 is a joined, consisting of at least two different materials cylinder liner.
  • This structure can be used to produce a wet as well as a dry or cast cylinder liner.
  • the bushing forms in the axial direction at least two sections which are joined together in a material-locking manner, in particular by means of friction welding.
  • This constructive, cost-effective construction includes freedom in the choice of liner material for individual liner sections. For example, a targeted increase in strength can be achieved by using a material of higher strength and / or temperature resistance for the throat enclosing collar portion.
  • the adjoining, the running surface of the cylinder liner enclosing portion of the liner can be made of a material that includes, for example, a potential for self-lubrication in the solid-state contact area / mixed friction range or allows for lubricating film formation by oil pockets. Furthermore, this structure allows to provide locally reduced wall thicknesses of the liner to optimize the cooling. As a measure to reduce the weight of the cylinder liner is suitable the use of materials with a lower density. In addition, the design principle for wet liners offers the possibility of using materials with a positive cavitation behavior or materials with a higher modulus of elasticity for endangered sections or zones of the liner in order to improve the deformation behavior.
  • the bushing section, in which the piston is guided are used made of a wear-resistant material.
  • sleeve materials are selected, which improve a connection to the material of the cylinder block or the cylinder housing.
  • a cylinder liner can be realized with an optimally matched material combination, the complex tasks of a wet and dry cylinder liner in terms of mechanics, the tribology on the inside, so for example friction, lubrication and wear, and the cavitation of a wet liner on the outside combines ,
  • the outside or lateral surface of the cylinder liner and / or the outer contour of the collar have a deviating from the circular shape, elliptical or oval-shaped geometry.
  • an elliptical, or oval shape lends itself to, which can also include more double, triple or multiple superimposed ovalities.
  • the federal government can be performed in the form of any prismatic freeform or as a spline surface.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides a directional mounting position of the cylinder liner, in which in the direction of a pressure side (DS) and a counter-pressure side (GDS) aligned areas of the cylinder liner wall thicknesses or waistband widths, the corresponding wall thicknesses and / or collar widths which are aligned in the bolt direction or in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the cylinder block, surpass.
  • the thereby adjusting support surface of the liner collar is designed in total so as to avoid exceeding of allowable surface pressures in the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
  • the required surface profile can be realized by means of the non-circular, preferably oval designed support or support surface. This design principle offers the possibility to represent different displacements with the same cylinder housing by using corresponding liners, with different cylinder bores.
  • a running surface for the piston is restricted in a region below the bottom dead center (UT) of the piston to zones which are aligned in the direction of the pressure side (DS) and counterpressure side (GDS) .
  • This tread geometry in which no machining takes place in the bolt direction (for example, because the bushing is reset there), is particularly suitable for equipped with window piston internal combustion engine.
  • the liner can be partially recessed by windows or recesses. To realize these open spaces mechanical or thermal separation processes can be used or alternatively already recesses in Gußrohteil be present.
  • Another measure according to the invention provides for an outer coating of the cylinder liner.
  • at least the region of the bushing consisting of an iron casting alloy is completely or partially coated in the region of the pressure side and counterpressure side, in particular by a thermal spray coating.
  • the production of the cylinder liner which includes oval or out-of-round turning for material removal from local areas on the cylinder liner, comprises the following process steps. First, by an original molding process such as a forging or casting process, the production of one-piece blank or section blanks. Subsequently, the sections are joined together by means of a material connection. The next step is made by mechanical operations, an oval or out-of-round, the outer machining of the outside and / or the outer contour of the cylinder liner, to create any geometrically shaped surfaces or contours. Subsequently, the inner tread is made before cleaning the cylinder liner of cooling lubricant, lubricants and adhering chips. Optionally, the outside of the cylinder liner can be completely or partially coated.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a wet cylinder liner in the installed state.
  • FIG. 2 shows the view of a cylinder housing with two cylinder liners.
  • Fig. 5 shows the profile of the counter-pressure-aligned cylinder liner
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a dry cylinder liner.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the structural design and the installation position of a known cylinder liner 2.
  • the cylinder housing 1 the flowed around directly from the coolant, wet cylinder liner 2 is used, in which an oscillating piston 3 is guided on a tread 4.
  • the cylinder liner 2 is fitted with a collar 5 and axially offset thereto via an outer side 6 in a receptacle 7 and in a guide 8 of the cylinder housing 1.
  • 1 1 are provided for effective sealing of the coolant chamber 9 are offset from the collar 5 and in the region of the guide 8 sealing rings 10.
  • 1 1 are provided.
  • 2 shows two arranged in the cylinder housing 1 in the direction of a longitudinal axis 13 of the cylinder housing 1 cylinder liners 2, the center distance SM results by adding the dimensions, the diameter D and a distance S between the cylinder liners 2.
  • the cylinder liner 12 designed in accordance with the invention is cut in section with a rotationally asymmetric outer surface 14, which can also be designated as a lateral surface, deviating from the circular shape.
  • the oval shape of the outer side 14 can be designed such that peripherally in all regions xi, x 2 ; yi, y 2 set different wall thicknesses to the cylindrical inner bore, as shown in the following list, In the direction of the pressure side (DS) and the counterpressure side (GDS) of the cylinder liner 12, which form an axis 18 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 13, wall thicknesses yi, y 2 , which exceed the longitudinal axis 13 aligned wall thicknesses xi, x 2 .
  • DS pressure side
  • GDS counterpressure side
  • Fig. 4 shows two inserted in the cylinder housing 1, cylinder liners 12 according to the invention, the oval outer sides 14 are shown in phantom.
  • the also oval running, the outer side 14 of the cylinder liner 12 covering collar 15 is positively connected to an outer contour 16 in a corresponding receptacle 17 of the cylinder housing 1 fitted.
  • the adjusting in the direction of the axis 18 waistband widths Y 3 + Y of the Federal 15 exceed waistband widths that adjust in the direction of the longitudinal axis 13.
  • the oval shape of the collar 15, whose Y-dimension significantly exceeds the X-dimension, allows in comparison to Fig. 2, a reduced distance S between two cylinder liners 12, which thus determines the center distance SM of the cylinder liners 12 and at the same time influence on a length of the cylinder housing 1 takes.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show in half section the structure of the cylinder liner 12, which differs depending on an orientation. 5, in the direction of the axis 18 and in FIG. 6, the wall structure of the cylinder liner 12 oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis 13 is shown.
  • the wall thicknesses zi, z 2 in the direction of the pressure side (DS) and counterpressure side (GDS) exceed the wall thicknesses z 3 , z (FIG. 6) aligned with the longitudinal axis 13.
  • the outer side 14 of the cylinder liner 12 partially on the outside has a reducing the cavitation danger coating.
  • the wall thickness between the zones zi and z 2 in accordance with FIG. 5 and between the zones z 3 and z as shown in FIG. 6 can change (for example become thicker or thinner).
  • the reduced wall thickness shown in this example in the high thermal load zones zi and z 3 favors the cooling effect of the cylinder liner 12.
  • As a measure for cost and weight optimization closes the cylinder liner 12 as shown in Fig. 6, at the end facing away from the collar 15 a recess 19 and an optionally partially unprocessed zone 20 of the tread 4, which extends from one of the bottom dead center of the lower piston ring of piston 3 corresponding zone to the end of the cylinder liner 12.
  • a further functionally optimized cylinder liner 22 is shown, which includes in the axial direction of two different materials consisting of sections 23, 24, which are joined together in a cohesive.
  • the sections 23, 24 supported via a joining plane 21 are preferably connected by means of friction welding. This design principle is applicable both to the dry, in the cylinder housing 1 cast cylinder liner 22 as well as a wet cylinder liner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chemise (2) d'un cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne dans laquelle un piston oscillant (3) est guidé sur la surface de contact (4), la chemise (2) étant fixée verticalement par un collet (5) entre un boîtier de cylindre (1) et une culasse de cylindre. La chemise (2) de cylindre de type humide comporte un côté extérieur (6) s'écartant d'une forme circulaire et/ou un contour extérieur du collet (5) à asymétrie de rotation. La chemise (2) de cylindre est insérée en position orientée dans un logement correspondant du boîtier de cylindre (1).
EP12758861.4A 2011-10-28 2012-09-14 Conception fonctionnellement optimisée d'une chemise de cylindre Withdrawn EP2771595A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011085476A DE102011085476A1 (de) 2011-10-28 2011-10-28 Funktionsoptimierte Gestaltung einer Zylinderlaufbuchse
PCT/EP2012/068040 WO2013060529A1 (fr) 2011-10-28 2012-09-14 Conception fonctionnellement optimisée d'une chemise de cylindre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2771595A1 true EP2771595A1 (fr) 2014-09-03

Family

ID=46845770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12758861.4A Withdrawn EP2771595A1 (fr) 2011-10-28 2012-09-14 Conception fonctionnellement optimisée d'une chemise de cylindre

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20140326130A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2771595A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103946606B (fr)
BR (1) BR112014009895A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011085476A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013060529A1 (fr)

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CN105283697B (zh) * 2013-06-07 2018-02-23 株式会社理研 活塞环及其原料以及它们的制造方法
CN105020046B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2017-10-13 长城汽车股份有限公司 用于发动机的机体组及具有该机体组的发动机
US10487770B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-11-26 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Cylinder liner assembly and method of making the same
US11480131B2 (en) * 2018-09-17 2022-10-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Engine block for an internal combustion engine
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US10895218B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-01-19 Caterpillar Inc. Liner for engine cylinder with lower liner support
US11041455B2 (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-06-22 Transportation Ip Holdings, Llc Engine cylinder liner with liner catcher
WO2021126943A1 (fr) * 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 Cummins Inc. Chemise de cylindre profilée pour régulation de déformation d'alésage
US11549459B2 (en) * 2020-02-14 2023-01-10 Caterpillar Inc. Internal combustion engine with dual-channel cylinder liner cooling

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011085476A1 (de) 2013-05-02
US20140326130A1 (en) 2014-11-06
CN103946606A (zh) 2014-07-23
US10359000B2 (en) 2019-07-23
BR112014009895A2 (pt) 2017-04-18
CN103946606B (zh) 2018-05-22
US20180010549A1 (en) 2018-01-11
WO2013060529A1 (fr) 2013-05-02

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