EP2766695A1 - Utilisation du taux d'occupation de zones ou de bâtiments pour la simulation de flux de personnes - Google Patents

Utilisation du taux d'occupation de zones ou de bâtiments pour la simulation de flux de personnes

Info

Publication number
EP2766695A1
EP2766695A1 EP12809194.9A EP12809194A EP2766695A1 EP 2766695 A1 EP2766695 A1 EP 2766695A1 EP 12809194 A EP12809194 A EP 12809194A EP 2766695 A1 EP2766695 A1 EP 2766695A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
position data
area
rfid
objl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12809194.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfram Klein
Hermann Georg MAYER
Oliver Zechlin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2766695A1 publication Critical patent/EP2766695A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
    • G01C21/206—Instruments for performing navigational calculations specially adapted for indoor navigation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for calculating a route for at least one object within a given area or building. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a device for detecting dangerous situations of persons within a given area or building.
  • the occupancy information is included in the control of the heating / air conditioning system.
  • It is an object of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for calculating a, the situation of the object reasonable route for at least one object within a predetermined area or building ⁇ .
  • the object is achieved by a method for calculating a route for at least one object within a pre ⁇ given area or building, being determined by means of a geeigne- th sensing the current position data of the object, wherein the respective current position data is used for object stream simulation, and wherein, based on the results of the object stream simulation, updated route guidance information is respectively provided for output means in the given area or building.
  • a dedicated route can be deductively calculated for the respective object.
  • the particular object for example, persons or vehicles
  • This can be done, for example, an effective evacuation of a given area or building.
  • On exit means eg screens or scoreboards
  • escape route signage for particular objects or object groups can be indicated.
  • Wei ⁇ furthermore possible to control systems on technical fleeing Perso ⁇ nen in a dangerous situation specific, dedicated and coordi ⁇ ned route information is transmitted.
  • the mobile device eg smartphone, PDA
  • the mobile device eg smartphone, PDA
  • the object current simulation is further an emission spread of a source of danger in the given area or building used.
  • the movement behavior of persons is also subject to dynamic influences caused, for example, by emissions of various kinds.
  • the emission propagation parameters for the simulation of a hazard propagation are derived from the measured values supplied by the sensors (eg temperature distribution, air flows).
  • the propagation of the emission can be calculated continuously, for example. In this case, a continuous calculated emission propagation is coupled with a discrete person or object current model. In each time step, the emission propagation model is discretized to take over the values, whereby the propagation of the emission is always continuously calculated in the emission propagation model itself.
  • the so-called fast marching algorithm can be used for an efficient calculation of the simulation model. The calculation can be done eg on a commercial PC with appropriate software.
  • a first advantageous embodiment of the invention is as ⁇ rin that the current position data of the object by Near Field Communication (NFC) can be determined.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • data is exchanged over short distances (a few centimeters).
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that RFID technology is used as the sensor, where ⁇ is reliably connected to the object with an RFID transponder, and wherein the antenna of the RFID reader is mounted in the predetermined area or building.
  • the determination of the buil ⁇ de- or area type (for example with people) at any given time may, for example, by integrating
  • the antenna basically consists of a metal ⁇ coil which can be manufactured inexpensively. In each foot ⁇ base plate while a fully functional Antennenspu ⁇ le is installed. Several floor panels can be connected to form an antenna matrix.
  • the RFID controller can then successively activate and evaluate various elements of the matrix. The position of the corresponding ⁇ the element is stored in the RFID controller; ie if a particular ID is detected by a particular antenna element, the RFID controller can uniquely determine where the associated object or person is located in the room.
  • the RFID transponder RFID tag
  • the RFID transponder must be connected as reliably as possible to the object to be identified or to the person to be identified. A possibility for fixed assignment
  • the transponder to persons is for example the attachment in the shoe sole, or otherwise on the footwear. This possibility is particularly important for safety-critical areas internships ⁇ bel where already given footwear worn clothes only as part of the working (eg laboratory environment, power plant, hospital etc.).
  • the attachment to the shoe also has the advantage that relatively low-cost passive RFID transponder can be used, which are in principle effective only in the vicinity. By limiting the effectiveness to the near range, a clear assignment to the active antenna element becomes possible.
  • the position information can serve, for example, as a basis for a passenger flow simulation. This can be used, for example, to calculate how the respective persons get from their current location as quickly as possible to the nearest emergency exit (effective evacuation guide).
  • the senor consists of a network of sensors for determining the direction of movement of the object and wherein also the direction of movement of the object is used for the object current simulation.
  • the sensor consists of a network of sensors for determining the direction of movement of the object and wherein also the direction of movement of the object is used for the object current simulation.
  • several suitailleplat ⁇ th can be connected to an antenna array.
  • the RFID controllers can then successively activate and evaluate different elements of the matrix.
  • the RFID controllers can then successively activate and evaluate different elements of the matrix.
  • the RFID controllers can then successively activate and evaluate different elements of the matrix.
  • the sensor can be connected in a simple way for an object or a person motion ⁇ patterns and directions of movement and used for object flow simulation to calculate a dedicated route guidance for the corresponding object.
  • several video cameras can be connected in a sensor network in such a way that nationwide tracking of the person positions can be carried out.
  • the emissions include, for example, heat emissions or pollutant emissions or smoke emissions, which are caused by an emission source or a fire source.
  • the emissions can influence a flow of people considered by direct contact, for example, by persons are injured by the emission, or indirectly influence the flow of people considered, as they change or affect the speed of movement of people. For example, people tend to crawl under the smoky area of a building, slowing down the speed of travel due to limited visibility and creeping.
  • a flow of people can also be indirectly influenced by possible emissions by people trying to circumvent the affected area within the area by choosing alternative escape routes or routes, or by adapting their behavior to the situation, eg their speed of flight when fleeing from the emission increase.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the route guidance information is dedicated for a Object or for a group of objects, based on the respective position data, is provided.
  • a person or a group of people can be specifically directed to an emergency exit depending on their respective position, also taking into account the position of other third persons. This allows an orderly total evacuation.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the route guidance information dedicated to an object or group of objects based on whether ⁇ jekt povertyen data is provided.
  • Object related such as health status (injured person, unconscious person) of a person can be detected, for example, via camera monitoring or emergency alarms in a control center and used for the calculation ⁇ tion of the route guidance information.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that an object is detected by a surveillance camera and its current position is determined by means of video analysis. While tracking the Geographicinformati ⁇ on is technically more difficult in this case, the method still has the advantage that it can be retrofitted inexpensively in best ⁇ budding infrastructure. The results of the video analysis may be compared and compared with the results collected using other technologies.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention resides in an apparatus for calculating a route for at least one object within a predetermined area or the buil ⁇ , the apparatus comprising:
  • a suitable sensor system installed in the area or building for determining the current position data of the object
  • an arithmetic unit for performing a restromsi ⁇ mulation of the objects located in the area or building, wherein the respective current position data and an emission spreading of a hazard in the given area or building (Objl) can be used for the object current simulation, and
  • the device can be created from commercially available hardware and software components.
  • a sensor for example, commercially available RFID sensors or a camera system with person recognition (video analysis) can be used.
  • a computing unit a personal computer (with processor, input / output means and communication means (wired or wireless)) can be used.
  • the crastrom- or passenger flow simulation is performed by a suitable simulation program.
  • output means for outputting the route guidance information monitors, scoreboards, LCD displays with ticker, etc. may be used.
  • optional actuators for securing and / or accelerating the evacuation of persons can be controlled.
  • the actuators can be actuators for actuating doors, windows, stairs or the like.
  • the actuators can also be devices for actively controlling the respective event, for example a water sprinkler system or the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary schematic representation of the present invention for determining the building or area occupancy.
  • the determination of the occupancy of persons PI at a particular time e.g. solved by the integration of RFID antennas Rl, R2 in the floor Fl (for the determination of a building occupancy) or in floor slabs (for the determination of an area occupation).
  • the antenna Rl, R2 consists essentially of a metal coil which can be produced inexpensively. In this case, a fully functional antenna coil is installed in each floor panel F1. Several floor panels can be connected to form an antenna matrix (see FIG. 4). Through the RFID controller can then
  • the RFID controller can unambiguously determine where the associated object or the associated person PI is located in the room.
  • An RFID controller can, for example, monitor several RFID readers and initiate the communication of the detected position data to a control center.
  • the RFID transponder (RFID tag) Tl has to (eg vehicle or driverless transport system in a factory) to be connected to the person to be identified PI as possible ⁇ reliably with the object to be identified.
  • RFID tag RFID tag
  • the attachment to the shoe also has the advantage that re ⁇ latively low-cost passive RFID transponder can be used ⁇ who are effective only in the vicinity. Also, by restricting the effectiveness to the near range only a clear assignment to the active antenna element ( Figure 4, AE) is possible.
  • the position information can be used, for example, as a starting basis for an object current simulation or for a passenger current simulation. This can be used, for example, to calculate how the respective persons PI get from their current location as quickly as possible to the next emergency exit (see FIG. 2).
  • an object or a person PI can tenen be calculated for the corresponding object or ent ⁇ speaking person by the object current simulation or pedestrian flow simulation dedicated rou-.
  • this dedicated route information for the corresponding object or the corresponding person for example, an effective evacuation coordinated with the behavior (eg location, direction of movement) of other persons or objects located in the building or in the area can take place. So it can calculate the optimum for a single person evacuation ⁇ route, but it can also optimum Ge ⁇ felevaku réelle be calculated taking into account all persons or objects are located in a building or area.
  • RFID tags can be carried very easily on the body or, for example, integrated in the boarding pass, Personalaus ⁇ a company card or a visitor card.
  • RFID typically used for the identification of persons PI used ID cards (Personal ⁇ ID card, company ID card, etc.) can be used.
  • PI used ID cards Personal ⁇ ID card, company ID card, etc.
  • Passive tags are very cheap and can be produced in large numbers as disposable products.
  • Active tags are more expensive, but they would not require manual map to infrastructure management, or allow greater distance to RFID readers.
  • Both active and passive RFID tags require card readers Rl, R2 to be positioned strategically in the building or area.
  • a person PI registers with a Leitsys ⁇ tem LSI, either in advance via the Internet or upon entering the building or area.
  • the person PI is assigned a unique identification information (ID).
  • ID is uniquely associated with an RFID tag Tl that is reliably connected to the person.
  • the RFID tag T1 can be worn, for example, on garments of the person (for example by clip-on or clip technique) or integrated into garments.
  • the assignment of the identification information to the person PI can also, for example, by an ID card (eg identity card, company card, ticket, boarding pass) he follow ⁇ .
  • the control system LSI for registering the person PI comprises a computer system Cl (eg personal computer, workstation) for electronically recording the person PI and for storing person-specific data. Furthermore, the control system LSI includes a database DB1, in particular for the spoke ⁇ tion by the sensor (RFID reader, RFID controller) the delivered data and for storing parameters or files tion for the object stream simulation or Wegsimula-.
  • the sensor RFID reader, RFID controller
  • the control system LSI is connected via a movement of such data ⁇ bond VI with the sensors Rl, R2.
  • a wireless connection VI eg WLAN, radio, infrared
  • Figure 2 shows a second exemplary schematic diagram of the present invention with exemplary personenbe ⁇ coated instructions on an output medium AM (eg "visitor P2 the building needs to immediately emergency stairs TR of alighting").
  • Can Am at the output medium is, for example, to display panels in Building Obj 1 or area act, but also in the building Obj 1 or in the area attached speakers act.A course, a mixture or a juxtaposition of different output media AM possible.
  • the person P2 is reliably assigned an RFID transponder and reliable ⁇
  • the control system LS2 is permanently informed of the location of persons P2 who are located in the building Obj 1 via the data connection V2 via the sensor system installed in the building Obj 1.
  • the computer system C2 of the control center LS2 is based on the sensor system delivered places of residence of persons P2 in building Obj 1 one persons Current simulation by and determines each deedicated personal routes and outputs this Routeninforma ⁇ tion dedicated to perceptible by the respective person P2 output media AM.
  • the person P2 is assigned a unique identification information (ID) during the registration of the person P2.
  • the identification information (ID) is uniquely assigned to an RFID tag that is reliably connected to the person P2.
  • the control system LS2 is advantageously also the location of the building Obj 1 or in the field located output media AM deposited. By adjusting this information in the computer system C2, a person-related route information can be output for a specific person P2 on the output medium AM perceptible for this person P2, even with corresponding graphical information (eg directional arrow).
  • the personal route information for a person P2 is also output on a mobile device assigned to this person (eg mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, audio guide).
  • a mobile device assigned to this person eg mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, audio guide.
  • the control center LS2 This can be done eg when registering the visitor P2 when entering the building Obj 1.
  • These data can also be stored in the DB2 database.
  • the mobile device can already be in the
  • the mobile device may also be in the possession of the building (e.g., museum) and handed to the visitor P2 in the building Obj 1 (e.g., audio guide).
  • the building e.g., museum
  • Obj 1 e.g., audio guide
  • a sensor technology is advantageously RFID technology, it is in principle but also a different type of sensor technology (eg video surveillance, Bluetooth) can be used or combined with RFID technology used.
  • Suitable pattern recognition software allows the evaluation of a Video ⁇ monitoring and Detect of an emergency (eg accident or panic behavior) regarding a person or group of persons. This information can also be used as an input parameter in the passenger stream simulation.
  • the control center LS2 is equipped with one or more computers C2 (eg PC, workstation) with corresponding storage media DB2 for carrying out object current simulations (for the persons P2 located in the building Obj 1) and for simulating the emission propagation of a danger source (eg fire) ,
  • emission propagation parameters for example flow parameters
  • Wei ⁇ furthermore possible to as emission propagation parameters, crizspiels- as material parameters or building parameters are read from the database DB.
  • the movement of people within the building P2 Obj 1 is a function of an object ⁇ current model and a propagation model emission calculated by a computer control center C2 of LS2.
  • the computer C2 can read the object current model or person-current model as well as the emission propagation model from the database DB2 in the event of a dangerous situation.
  • different types of emission propagation models can be stored in the DB2 database. For example, when a Bran ⁇ of another emission propagation model is loaded by the Compu ter ⁇ C2 from the database DB2 as, for example, at a water intrusion into a room.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the secure attachment of an RFID transponder T2 in a shoe of a person P3.
  • an RFID reader is integrated R3 is acti fourth ⁇ when the RFID transponder T2 located in the reception area of the RFID reader R3 approaches the bottom plate F2. That is, when the person P3 with the shoe, in which the RFID transponder T2 is integrated, enters the bottom plate F2.
  • FIG. 4 shows in the left-hand image area an exemplary floor covering F3, consisting of a matrix of RFID antennas.
  • the antenna of an RFID reader can be integrated directly into the floor F3.
  • the modular design of floor panels can be economically equipped with RFID technology ⁇ to and connected to a sensor network.
  • existing infrastructure can be relatively easily retrofitted.
  • the element AE of the RFID antenna matrix (third column from the left, third row from the top) is outlined in bold as a so-called active element AE.
  • the element AE has a transponder in its antenna receiving ⁇ area perceived and the position of a provided with the perceived transponder person can be determined via the RFID reader (bottom left in Figure 4).
  • the transponder can for example be integrated in the person's shoe.
  • the element AE is adjacent to the element NE1 in the south direction (i.e., down) and to the element NE2 in the east direction (i.e., to the right).
  • the present invention particularly solves the problem of determining the location of persons or objects that are in a building at a particular time.
  • the technique is particularly suitable for use in safety-critical applications.
  • the method is also suitable for conventional optimization solutions, such as energy saving or room temperature control.
  • critical applications is the technique presented in particular for the following scenarios suitable: a) escape route simulation with the help of "occupancy detection". By the method indicated can be determined, among other things ⁇ to where which people in a residence on the basis of this information, with Help of a passenger flow simulation the optimal escape route can be calculated individually for each person (or specific groups of persons)
  • the escape route can then be displayed appropriately (eg dynamic route signage, mobile phone, workstation computer, etc.).
  • the inventive method optionally allows, inter alia, an identification of individuals. This then benefits when will feed more certain individual own sheep ⁇ th of persons in the pedestrian flow simulation in addition to the position (eg, walking difficulties, blind or deaf people who need a special form of Alar ⁇ optimization and escape distinction).
  • This form of monitoring is suitable for all scenarios in which no contact with the ground by certain objects or certain body parts of persons is desired in the normal state.
  • a high-risk work environment e.g.
  • the Be ⁇ limitation of the effectiveness of the sensor can be used in close range for the scenario b).
  • the worn transponder in normal to be ⁇ was not detected by the RFID reader. Only when the person falls to the ground, eg due to powerlessness, the transponder is detected and it is given an alarm.
  • the accident site reliabil ⁇ sig can be localized.
  • the transponder is aware of the persons responsible for the respective
  • Objects parked on the ground can be identified to distinguish them from potentially dangerous objects that would need to be examined to clarify the facts.
  • an assignment of the object to an owner is possible.
  • baggage that has been parked at airports / railway stations and that can potentially serve as carriers of explosive devices are mentioned here.
  • a reduction of false alarms in this area can be significant
  • transponders are advantageous in the first place, which are associated with temporarily carried identification features such as tickets, air tickets or luggage tags.
  • identification features are either assigned to the objects anyway (eg baggage handling at the airport) on the basis of the present processes, or can be distributed as measures of the organizer (eg luggage tags at trade fairs). If an appropriately labeled luggage ⁇ piece now parked or forgotten in the monitored area, an easy location and identification of the baggage can be made. An elaborate examination of the object for hazardous substances is thus usually omitted.
  • Method and apparatus for calculating a route for at least one object within a predetermined area or building being determined by means of a suitable sensor system, the aktuel ⁇ len position data of the object, wherein the respectively updated position data for a pstromsimula ⁇ tion are used, are provided based on the results of the object current simulation each updated routing information for output means in the given area or building.
  • the current position ⁇ data of the object are determined in particular by exploiting the effects of near field communication (NFC, near field communication), for example by RFID technology.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de calcul d'un itinéraire pour au moins un objet à l'intérieur d'une zone ou d'un bâtiment défini. Selon l'invention, les données de position actuelles de l'objet sont déterminées au moyen de capteurs adéquats, ces données de position actuelles sont utilisées pour une simulation de flux d'objet et des informations de guidage actualisées sont transmises, sur la base des résultats de la simulation de flux d'objet, à des moyens de sortie dans la zone ou le bâtiment défini. Les données de position actuelles de l'objet sont déterminées notamment par utilisation des effets d'une communication en champ proche (NFC), par exemple par technologie RFID.
EP12809194.9A 2012-01-20 2012-12-13 Utilisation du taux d'occupation de zones ou de bâtiments pour la simulation de flux de personnes Withdrawn EP2766695A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012200818 2012-01-20
PCT/EP2012/075412 WO2013107574A1 (fr) 2012-01-20 2012-12-13 Utilisation du taux d'occupation de zones ou de bâtiments pour la simulation de flux de personnes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2766695A1 true EP2766695A1 (fr) 2014-08-20

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EP12809194.9A Withdrawn EP2766695A1 (fr) 2012-01-20 2012-12-13 Utilisation du taux d'occupation de zones ou de bâtiments pour la simulation de flux de personnes

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US9513131B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2766695A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015507748A (fr)
CN (1) CN104040289B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013107574A1 (fr)

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US9513131B2 (en) 2016-12-06
US20150066353A1 (en) 2015-03-05

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