EP2758580A1 - Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrix - Google Patents
Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrixInfo
- Publication number
- EP2758580A1 EP2758580A1 EP12765995.1A EP12765995A EP2758580A1 EP 2758580 A1 EP2758580 A1 EP 2758580A1 EP 12765995 A EP12765995 A EP 12765995A EP 2758580 A1 EP2758580 A1 EP 2758580A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- polymer component
- fibers
- polymer
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 46
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 36
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001474 Flashspun fabric Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004751 flashspun nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013640 amorphous poly alpha olefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical class C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003655 tactile properties Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for producing a nonwoven fabric containing at least one first polymer component which is distributed in the form of elementary segments in a matrix of at least one second polymer component.
- the invention further relates to a nonwoven fabric produced by the process according to the invention, and the use of this nonwoven fabric for producing a nonwoven fabric
- CONFIRMATION COPY stay out of endless segments.
- nonwovens with a low porosity and air permeability should be provided.
- Nonwovens are textile fabrics made of individual fibers and can be obtained by various manufacturing processes, such as carding (dry laid), melt spinning (spunbonding) or aerodynamic nonwoven laying (air laying).
- melt spinning a polymeric substance is heated in an extruder and forced through a spinneret by spinning pumps. The polymer leaves the
- Nozzle plate as a thread (continuous filament) in molten form is cooled by an air stream and stretched from the melt.
- the air stream conveys the endless filaments onto a conveyor belt, which is designed as a sieve.
- the threads Suction under the screen belt, the threads can be fixed to form a fiber fabric.
- the solidification of the Fasergeleges can by heated rollers
- Nonwovens are used for a variety of purposes. Nonwoven fabrics with high strength can be used alone or as a reinforcing layer in fiber composites. In the packaging field, single-layer constructions are usually made using meltblown or meltblown-like material structures, i.
- Fiber structures from only one domain used see Tyvek®.
- WO 2006/107695 A2 a method for producing a nonwoven fabric is known, in the bicomponent fibers having an outer and an inner Fiber component, produced by a spinning process.
- the outer fiber component wraps around the inner fiber component and has a higher elongation at break and a lower melting temperature than the inner
- the bicomponent fibers are positioned on a conveyor belt and solidified to a nonwoven fabric under the action of heat.
- the nonwovens are used to make tents, awnings, parachutes and packaging materials.
- a multicomponent nonwoven fabric which has a nonwoven fabric bonded over its entire area with at least 50% by weight.
- multi-component melt-spun fibers selected from the group consisting of multicomponent staple fibers, multicomponent filaments and
- the multicomponent fibers have a cross-section and a length and a first polymer component and a second
- Polymer component wherein the first and second polymer components are arranged in virtually constantly positioned, separate zones across the cross section of the multicomponent fibers and is practically continuous in
- Length direction of the multi-component fibers extend, the second
- Polymer component has a melting point which is lower by at least 10 ° C than the melting point of the first polymer component, and wherein at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the multicomponent fibers, the second
- Core-sheath fibers or side-by-side fibers are used as multicomponent fibers.
- the nonwoven fabric described has a
- a thin nonwoven laminate which comprises a batt of entangled synthetic polymer filaments interposed between webs of thermoplastic staple fibers.
- this laminate substantially all of the filaments are bonded to the thermoplastic fibers of the web.
- Binder fibers are preferably used polyester filaments.
- the nonwoven fabric is only partially solidified and therefore has a comparatively large porosity.
- WO 03/021024 describes a method for bonding a nonwoven web, comprising the following steps:
- thermoplastic fibers or filaments comprising a polymer which melts below 140 ° C;
- embossing textured roll has an outer surface with a plurality of raised calendering surfaces each separated by interposed depressions, wherein the raised calendering surfaces are coated with a fluoropolymer and
- Calender surfaces comes into contact. Due to the profiling of the embossing roller, only partial area solidification takes place in the described method, and the nonwoven web has a comparatively large porosity.
- thermoplastic polyester a core-sheath fiber is used as the thermoplastic polyester.
- the thermocompression only leads to a partial bonding of the thermoplastic fibers, since otherwise the necessary for the use of the nonwoven fabric air permeability can not be achieved
- the object of the invention was a process for producing a nonwoven fabric with paper or foil-like features, in particular with a high flexural rigidity and low static friction.
- the nonwoven fabric should also have a dense structure, low porosity and air permeability.
- multicomponent fibers containing at least two polymers having different melting points laminating the multicomponent fibers by contacting them at a temperature of 100 ° C to 300 ° C and a pressure of 40 N / mm to 150 N / mm such that at least one first polymer is distributed in the form of elementary segments in a matrix of at least one second polymer.
- the invention is in particular achieved by a method for producing a nonwoven fabric comprising at least one first polymer component which is distributed in the form of elementary segments in a matrix of at least one second polymer component, comprising the following method steps:
- Polymer component and a second polymer component wherein the first polymer component in a first zone and the second
- Polymer component is disposed in a second zones over the cross section of the multi-component fibers, wherein Both polymer components in the length direction of
- Multicomponent fibers extend, wherein
- the first polymer component has a melting point above the
- Multicomponent fibers are connected to each other by applying pressure and temperature surface, so that elemental segments of the first
- Polymer component (second polymer) are distributed.
- the surface of the nonwoven fabric can be bonded over the entire surface.
- full-surface bonding means that the surface of the nonwoven fabric is bonded to at least 90%, preferably to at least 95% and in particular to almost 100%, the term “bonded” meaning that the surface in the essential pores is free.
- separable is understood according to the invention that the elementary segments can be separated under the influence of pressure and temperature in spatially separated elementary segments.
- a nonwoven fabric with a high flexural rigidity, a low static friction and a dense structure with low porosity can be obtained.
- Polymer component in the form of at least two separable elementary segments the formation of the dense structure allows. So can the
- a low porosity is with respect to various applications of the nonwoven fabric in particular as
- Packaging and / or insulation material advantageous. In addition, it also facilitates further processing such as laminating, laminating, printing etc.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention can have high strength and waterproofness with low weight. This allows for easy
- the nonwoven fabric produced by the process according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a polymer matrix. This contains unmelted
- Elementarendlosfilêt which may be constructed in cross-section circular segment or cake piece, circular or multilobal.
- the nonwoven fabric may have a film-like character over the fused domains, but without the weaknesses of a film or paper. So it is easily possible to design the surface of the nonwoven fabric smooth and wet-strength.
- Such a nonwoven fabric may be considered a "fiber reinforced film”.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to use energy-intensive mechanical solidification technologies, e.g. Hydroentanglement, to dispense.
- the nonwoven fabrics produced by the process according to the invention are characterized by isotropic mechanical properties, such as an isotropic ratio of maximum tensile force or tensile force in machine direction to transverse direction. Isotropy in the sense of the invention denotes the independence of a property from the direction. Isotropic strength properties are advantageous in particular for the use of the nonwoven fabric as a reinforcing layer, since in this way a particularly uniform stabilization is achieved.
- Tear strength in the range of 0.7 to 1, 6, preferably from 0.8 to 1, 5, in particular from 0.9 to 1, 1.
- Maximum tensile force is the force that must be used to rupture a fiber layer.
- tear propagation force is meant the force that is necessary to tear down an already cracked fiber layer or further tear. The higher these values are, the more stable a situation is.
- the maximum tensile force is measured in the machine direction or transversely to the machine direction.
- Machine direction is understood to mean the direction under which the fibers are deposited longitudinally on a longitudinally moving conveyor belt.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is outstandingly suitable for the production of fiber composite materials, since its surface structure, for example via the choice of
- Polymers as well as by plasma or corona treatment of the surface can be easily adapted to the other composite components. This allows a versatile use of composite components (film, foil, extrudate, etc.).
- the multicomponent fibers can be prepared in a manner known to those skilled in the art. Suitable methods are in particular melt-blown and
- a polymeric substance can be heated under pressure in an extruder and pressed through a die to form endless filaments. After exiting the extrusion die, the continuous filaments may be drawn and positioned by means of dynamic laydown methods on a conveyor belt, deflecting them transversely to form a fiber layer. Beneficial to a in
- Transversely deflected positioning of the continuous filaments is that this increases the isotropy of the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric.
- the temperature at which the solidification of the multicomponent fibers takes place can vary within wide ranges and is expediently adapted to the particular polymer components used in the multicomponent fiber. Essential here is that at selected temperature and pressure a substantially complete
- the surface bonding of the multicomponent fibers is carried out by applying a temperature of 100 to 300 ° C, preferably from 100 to 250 ° C, more preferably from 110 to 200 ° C, in particular from 120 to 180 ° C.
- the application of pressure and temperature can be carried out in the manner known to those skilled in the art.
- rollers, in particular calenders are expediently used.
- Particularly preferred are rollers with a smooth or only slightly roughened surface.
- the calendering is preferably with a
- Roll pairing carried out, wherein at least one of the rollers of a surface roughness, measured according to DIN 4768 05.90 from 20 to 100 pm, preferably from 20 to 70 pm and in particular from 30 to 50 pm.
- a roll pairing in which one of the rolls has a roughness depth, measured to DIN 4768 05.90 of 20 to 100 .mu.m, preferably from 20 to 70 .mu.m and in particular from 30 to 50 .mu.m and the other roll a smooth roll with a Roughness, measured according to DIN 4768 05.90 of less than 20 pm.
- the surface bonding of the multicomponent fibers is carried out by a single-stage consolidation process.
- Multicomponent fibers arranged. Both polymer components extend in the length direction of the multicomponent fibers and the first zone comprises the first polymer component in the form of at least two separable elementary segments.
- the first polymer is in the form of 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 or 16 separable elemental segments in the multicomponent fibers.
- 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18 or 32 elemental segments which alternately comprise the first and second polymer components, are present in the multicomponent fibers, wherein the provision of 16 elemental segments is particularly preferred according to the invention.
- PIE fibers which comprise 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18 or 32 elementary segments are used as multicomponent fibers.
- fibers can be a variety of fiber types including
- Multi-component staple fibers multi-component filaments are used. Practical experiments have shown that nonwovens with particularly good
- Elementarsegementen which are arranged in the form of a cake piece or circular segment in cross section.
- the higher melting polymer component is preferably located in the core and the lower melting polymer component is at least partially at the fiber surface. This facilitates the melting of the lower melting polymer component.
- the fibers may be formed as staple fibers. Preferably, however, they are formed as continuous filaments.
- the effect of reflowing the above-mentioned fibers, such as the PIE fiber or cake-like fiber, is to incorporate stable, for example pie-shaped segments, which function as reinforcing filaments in the polymer matrix.
- a stabilization is achieved in the manner of a reinforced concrete.
- PIE filaments in particular, a marked change in the geometry of the original filament structure is noticeable.
- the PIE fibers are particularly advantageous in the use of the above-mentioned fibers, for example, the PIE fibers.
- Cross-section have a very small diameter and therefore can enforce the matrix particularly numerous.
- the alternating arrangement of the individual core segments in the fibers causes a particularly homogeneous distribution of the various polymers. This leads to an extremely uniform melting with formation of the matrix.
- the shells are made of the lower melting polymer.
- the cores are in the form of stable, for example, circular segments embedded in the matrix of the sheath polymer.
- the multicomponent fibers may comprise two or more polymers, provided that at least one polymer has a higher melting point than at least one further polymer. Practical experiments have shown that already at the
- Bicomponent filaments nonwovens having a stable matrix structure can be obtained.
- the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention can vary within wide limits.
- the choice of basis weight is made according to the requirements of the fiber composite.
- the basis weight is usually from 30 g / m 2 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably from 35 g / m 2 to 200 g / m 2 , more preferably from 40 g / m 2 to 150 g / m 2 , in particular from 40 g / m 2 to 120 g / m 2 .
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention it is expedient to increase the surface energy of the nonwoven fabric by corona and / or plasma treatment.
- the plasma or corona treatment is preferably carried out in such a way that the surface is given a surface energy according to ISO 9000 of more than 38 dyn, preferably 38 to 70 dyn, in particular 40 to 60 dyn. It is advantageous that the surface can be made hydrophilic or hydrophobic, without adding chemicals. This is particularly advantageous in kübernah used products, such as clothing, advantage.
- Conceivable is the antistatic finish of the surface, as well as its inspiration with care substances. Also conceivable is the subsequent finishing of the nonwoven fabric with hydrophilic, hydrophobic or antistatic spin finishes, as well as their Buffalo with care substances. It is also possible additives for
- nonwoven fabric may be subjected to chemical type bonding or finishing such as an anti-pilling treatment
- Hydrophilization an antistatic treatment, a treatment to improve the refractoriness and / or change the tactile properties or gloss, a mechanical treatment such as roughening, sanforizing, sanding or a treatment in the tumbler and / or a treatment to change the appearance such as dyeing or printing.
- Another object of the invention is a nonwoven fabric formed as a base material for coating with films, which is produced by a method according to the invention.
- the coating with films preferably takes place by lamination and / or lamination of the base material, optionally with the use of a binder and / or pressure and / or temperature.
- a binder and / or pressure and / or temperature are also conceivable.
- Another object of the invention is a nonwoven fabric formed as a base material for impregnation with binders, which is produced by a process according to the invention and the impregnated nonwoven itself.
- Suitable binders are in particular acrylates and aminoplasts (phenolic resins, melamine resins), styrene-butadiene copolymers, NBR binder systems and / or polyurethanes.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is characterized by a high flexural rigidity with low static friction.
- the nonwoven fabric of the invention is further distinguished by excellent strength properties.
- the tear propagation force in machine and / or transverse direction 10 N to 60 N, preferably 20 N to 50 N, in particular 30 N to 40 N.
- the maximum tensile force in the machine and / or transverse direction can be 70 to 400 N / 50 mm, preferably 100 to 350 N / 50 mm, in particular 150 to 300 N / 50 mm.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention has a high flexural rigidity with simultaneously high surface smoothness, i. low
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention can be a
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention has a bending stiffness of 0.5 N / mm 2 to 8 N / mm 2 at a bending angle of 10%, more preferably from 1 N / mm 2 to 6 N / mm 2 , in particular 1 N / mm 2 up to 4 N / mm 2 .
- the flexural stiffness information refers to a measurement in the longitudinal or transverse direction.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention may have a bending stiffness of 1 N / mm 2 to 20 N / mm 2 , measured according to DIN 53350 at a bending angle of 40%.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention has a bending stiffness of 3 N / mm 2 to 12 N / mm 2 at a bending angle of 40%, more preferably from 4 N / mm 2 to 12 N / mm 2 , in particular from 5 N / mm 2 to 10 N / mm 2 on.
- the flexural stiffness information refers to a measurement in the longitudinal or transverse direction.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention may have a coefficient of static friction measured according to ASTM D-4918-97 (2002), tan ⁇ of 0.05 to 0.50, preferably 0.10 to 0.40, especially 0.10 to 0.30 , By using a
- roller pairing in which the rollers have a different roughness, the nonwoven fabric can be designed so that one side of another
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least two polymers, wherein the melting point of at least one first polymer component above the melting point of at least one second
- Polymer component is where the first polymer component in the form of
- Polymer component are distributed.
- the difference between the melting point of the first and second polymers can vary widely. Conveniently, the difference is at least 15 ° C, in particular at least 20 ° C. Preferably, polymers with a
- the melting point of the first polymer component is between 230-290 ° C, preferably between 250-280 ° C.
- the melting point of the second polymer component is preferably 200-260 ° C, more preferably 220-240 ° C.
- polymers a wide variety of materials can be used.
- Preferred combinations for multicomponent fibers include above all
- thermoplastic polymers in particular selected from the group consisting of nylon 6, nylon 6.6, nylon 6.10, nylon 6.11, nylon 6.12, polypropylene or polyethylene. Further possible polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, thermoplastic copolyetherester elastomers, polyolefins, polyacrylates and thermoplastic liquid crystals. Also conceivable is the use of
- Copolyetheresterelastomeren from long-chain and short-chain ester monomers If elemental segments of polyethylene terephthalate are used, they can preferably be produced from recyclable polyethylene terephthalate.
- thermoplastic polymers polyamides, polyvinyl acetates, saponified polyvinyl acetates, saponified ethylene vinyl acetates and other hydrophilic polymers.
- elastic polymers can also be used. These polymers are preferably selected from the group consisting of: styrene / butadiene
- the multicomponent fibers contain polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, syndiotatkisches
- the first polymer component is selected from the group consisting of: polyester, preferably
- the sea is preferably formed from the second, matrix-producing polymer.
- Preferred polymers are polyethylene, linear low-pressure polyethylene with an a- Olefin monomer content greater than 10 wt .-%, ethylene copolymer with at least one vinyl monomer or ethylene copolymer with unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids.
- the nonwoven fabric produced by the process according to the invention is characterized in that a film-like molten polymer matrix is present in the nonwoven fabric.
- This contains unmelted elementary segments, which may be circular-segment-shaped or cake-piece-shaped, multilobal or circular in cross-section.
- the proportion of the matrix in the nonwoven fabric from 1 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, preferably from 5 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 10 wt .-% to 40 wt .-%.
- a nonwoven fabric having a particularly good flexural strength can be obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric preferably comprises at least 50% by weight, more preferably 60-100% by weight of multicomponent fibers, more preferably 70-100% by weight of multicomponent fibers, wherein
- Fiber cross section of a nonwoven fabric produced in Example 4 (PIE filaments / PET / PA) at 1000 times magnification.
- Core segments are reinforced, before. This is particularly visible in the spunbonded nonwovens with a polyethylene content of 36% by weight in the jacket.
- FIG. 2 shows the cross section of commercially available flash spun polyethylene (Du Pont Tyvek®). This shows only fibers of a single polymer in a different size and shape. To compare the surface energies, a commercially available packaging nonwoven made of flash spun polyethylene (Du Pont Tyvek®) was used.
- the polyethylene content in the extrudate is 36 to 40 wt .-%.
- the endless filaments are then dynamically deposited on a conveyor belt. Dynamic deposition is understood to mean that the orientation of the filaments to be deposited in the transverse direction can be influenced in a targeted manner. This is followed by solidification of the continuous filaments by a rough steel roller under pressure and heat.
- the steel roller has temperatures between 128 ° C and 132 ° C at a line pressure of 80 N / mm (roughness of 40 ⁇ ) on.
- the polyethylene terephthalate is in the form of elementary filaments in a matrix
- Table 3 Example 2, 40, 60 and 80 g / m 2 PET / PE nonwovens, core / sheath filaments, mech. Properties.
- the core / sheath filaments are polyethylene terephthalate and a low melting co-polyester in a known manner with a perforated flow rate of 0.74 and 0.8 g / L min coextruded and aerodynamically stretched, wherein
- Core / sheath filaments are formed.
- the proportion of co-polyethylene terephthalate is 20 wt .-%.
- the endless filaments are then dynamically deposited on a conveyor belt. Dynamic deposition is understood to mean that the orientation of the filaments to be deposited in the transverse direction can be influenced in a targeted manner. This is followed by solidification of the continuous filaments by a rough steel roller under pressure and heat. The steel roller has a temperature of 130 ° C at a line pressure of 80 N / mm (roughness of 40 ⁇ ) on.
- the polyethylene terephthalate is distributed in the form of elementary filaments in a matrix of co-polyethylene terephthalate. Subsequently, a
- polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide are coextruded in a known manner with a perforation throughput of 0.76 g / L min and aerodynamically stretched, resulting in 16 PIE filaments.
- the proportion of polyamide is between 30 and 50 wt .-%.
- the endless filaments are placed on top of it
- Dynamic deposition is understood to mean that the orientation of the filaments to be deposited in the transverse direction can be influenced in a targeted manner. This is followed by solidification of the continuous filaments by a rough steel roller under pressure and heat.
- the steel roller has temperatures between 130 ° C and 180 ° C with a line pressure between 50 N / mm and 80 N / mm (roughness of 40 pm).
- the continuous filaments By subjecting the continuous filaments to pressure and temperature, the polyamide is fused and the polyethylene terephthalate is distributed in the form of elementary filaments in the form of cross-sectionally circular or cake-like elementary filaments in a matrix of the polyamide.
- a spunbonded fabric having a basis weight of 105 g / m 2 is obtained.
- the result is a spunbonded fabric with dense structure and low porosity at characteristic mechanical values (HZK, WRK, MD: CD ratio).
- Table 8 Embodiment 4, 105 g / m 2 PET / PA nonwoven fabric, PIE filaments, mech. Properties.
- the composite filaments in cross-section on a circular segment-shaped configuration of the cross sections of the various elementary segments performing areas. It is a filmlike structure in cross section of the material structure of the
- the fiber cross-section is largely deformed by the influence of heat and pressure and can no longer be determined.
- Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
- the surface energy of the produced spunbonded nonwovens is changed by a corona or plasma treatment.
- a corona or plasma treatment In Table 9, this is described in Example 8 (132 ° C / 80 daN / 36% PE) of Embodiment 1.
- the page marked with * is the side of the process facing the charge side.
- the corona charging takes place at
- the surface energies are measured according to ISO 9000 with Sherman test inks from Schnick D-42579 Heiligenhaus. To compare the surface energies, a commercially available packaging nonwoven made of flash spun polyethylene was used.
- Example 9 Example 1, Example 8, 80 g / m 2 PET / PE nonwoven fabric, core / sheath filaments, surface energies untreated and corona or
- the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is outstandingly suitable for treatment with plasma and / or corona treatment. Surprisingly, even very thin nonwoven layers can be treated such that they have a surface energy of 40 to 42 dyn. without destruction of the nonwoven fabric takes place.
- Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
- Friction coefficient can be achieved when polyethylene or polyamide is used to form the polymer matrix.
- Table 10 Various embodiments, bending stiffness acc. DIN 53350.
- Embodiment 7 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 7:
- polyethylene terephthalate and polyamide, polyethylene or polypropylene as binder component are coextruded in a known manner with a perforation throughput of 0.76 g / L min and aerodynamically stretched to form 16 PIE filaments.
- the proportion of binding component is between 30 and 50 wt .-%.
- the endless filaments are then dynamically deposited on a conveyor belt. Dynamic deposition is understood to mean that the orientation of the filaments to be deposited in the transverse direction can be influenced in a targeted manner. This is followed by solidification of the continuous filaments by a rough steel roller under pressure and heat.
- the steel roller has temperatures between 130 ° C and 180 ° C at a line pressure between 50 N / mm and 80 N / mm (roughness of 30 - 40 ⁇ ).
- the binding polymer is fused and the polyethylene terephthalate in the form of im
- Porosity level which can be designed by the choice of binding component and solidification. Corresponding parameters are shown in Tables 13 and 14. Exemplary embodiment 7-1 7-2 7-3 blending polymer PA PP PE binder polymer share 50 30 40
- Table 14 Porosity measurements according to ASTM 1294, working examples 7-1 to 7-3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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EP12765995.1A EP2758580B1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-09-11 | Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrix |
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EP11007649.4A EP2573243B1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2011-09-20 | Vliesstoff mit einer Elementarfilamente enthaltenden Matrix |
PCT/EP2012/003804 WO2013041193A1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-09-11 | Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrix |
EP12765995.1A EP2758580B1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-09-11 | Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrix |
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EP12765995.1A Active EP2758580B1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-09-11 | Vliesstoff mit einer elementarfilamente enthaltenden matrix |
EP12006446.4A Active EP2573244B1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-09-14 | Schallabsorptionsmaterial |
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DE102014110585A1 (de) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-01-28 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Datenblatt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie ein Wert- und/oder Sicherheitsdokument |
CN110462124B (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2023-01-31 | 曼·胡默尔有限公司 | 纺粘型无纺布材料、包括纺粘型无纺布材料的物件、过滤介质、过滤元件及其应用 |
US11541829B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2023-01-03 | Freudenberg Performance Materials Lp | Acoustical baffle |
CN114622341A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江青昀新材料科技有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯无纺布及其应用 |
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US4039711A (en) * | 1971-06-07 | 1977-08-02 | The Kendall Company | Non-woven fabrics |
US20050039836A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2005-02-24 | Dugan Jeffrey S. | Multi-component fibers, fiber-containing materials made from multi-component fibers and methods of making the fiber-containing materials |
DE10009281C1 (de) | 2000-02-28 | 2001-03-22 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Schallabsorptionsmaterial |
US20030041953A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-06 | Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. | Method of making a bonded nonwoven web |
KR100561275B1 (ko) * | 2002-10-12 | 2006-03-14 | 에스케이케미칼주식회사 | 표면 열처리 견면 |
US7452832B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2008-11-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemors And Company | Full-surface bonded multiple component melt-spun nonwoven web |
US7438777B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2008-10-21 | North Carolina State University | Lightweight high-tensile, high-tear strength bicomponent nonwoven fabrics |
WO2008149737A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Toray Industries, Inc. | 円筒状バグフィルター用不織布、その製造方法およびそれからなる円筒状バグフィルター |
DE102007049031A1 (de) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Fiberweb Corovin Gmbh | Polypropylenmischung |
JP5654356B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2015-01-14 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 複合不織布ウェブ並びにこれの製造及び使用方法 |
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EP2573244B1 (de) | 2015-02-18 |
EP2573244A1 (de) | 2013-03-27 |
WO2013041193A1 (de) | 2013-03-28 |
EP2758580B1 (de) | 2016-11-02 |
EP2573243A1 (de) | 2013-03-27 |
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