EP2748551B1 - Pistol - Google Patents

Pistol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2748551B1
EP2748551B1 EP12756064.7A EP12756064A EP2748551B1 EP 2748551 B1 EP2748551 B1 EP 2748551B1 EP 12756064 A EP12756064 A EP 12756064A EP 2748551 B1 EP2748551 B1 EP 2748551B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking
barrel
locking block
head
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12756064.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2748551A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Bubits
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merkel Jagd- und Sportwaffen GmbH
Original Assignee
Merkel Jagd- und Sportwaffen GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Merkel Jagd- und Sportwaffen GmbH filed Critical Merkel Jagd- und Sportwaffen GmbH
Publication of EP2748551A1 publication Critical patent/EP2748551A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2748551B1 publication Critical patent/EP2748551B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41CSMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C3/00Pistols, e.g. revolvers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/48Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
    • F41A21/488Mountings specially adapted for pistols or revolvers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/44Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pistol having a housing, a longitudinally slidably guided thereon carriage, guided in the carriage run and a locking device which is formed by a head of the barrel, a locking block and a pair of guided in a transverse groove of the head locking bodies, which engage by the action of the locking block in recesses on the inside of the carriage and so lock the barrel with the carriage.
  • a generic pistol is from the GB 668117 known.
  • the locking body are circular cylindrical rollers which bear against flat boundary surfaces of the transverse groove and thus transmit the reaction force of the barrel when shooting on the carriage.
  • a line contact Between the flat boundary surfaces and the circular cylindrical rollers is a line contact, which generates a high surface pressure in both parts (so-called "Hertz'sehe pressure").
  • Line contact also exists between the rollers and the gate of the interlocking block. It has been shown that this high local surface pressure on all three parts, but especially on the walls of the transverse groove, resulting in deformation that can lead to breakage.
  • the rollers are fitted, so that the contact line is shorter than the height of the rollers. This type of locking is thus used only for very small caliber and weak propellant charges.
  • Out AT 403847 B is a semi-rigid locking system for a firearm with firmly connected to the housing barrel known, the closure by means of in radial Direction guided locking body is lockable in the housing. In order to reduce the shearing force acting on the locking bodies, the recoil is gradually reduced. In this case, there is a clearance between the locking body and the housing, whereby the closure first acts as a grounding.
  • the peak values of the local surface pressure are to be reduced, so that the pistol is also suitable for normal to larger caliber and even for highly explosive ammunition.
  • the locking block has two symmetrical about the longitudinal median plane first planar wedge surfaces, that the locking bodies are cylinders, whose lateral surface two parallel, in the transverse groove adjacent planar guide surfaces, a respective other locking body facing first flat wedge surface and one of each facing away from other locking body, has to engage in the respective recess of the carriage certain engagement surface, and that the head of the barrel is guided on both sides by means of first grooves and first strips in the carriage and by means of second grooves and second strips in the locking block.
  • the guide surfaces of the locking body lie on a large area on the walls of the transverse groove, which significantly reduces the surface pressure and avoids local peaks.
  • this advantageous type of locking can also be used for normal to large caliber and high-explosive ammunition, namely at extended life.
  • the guidance of the head in the carriage ensures a clean assignment of the components involved in the locking in the vertical direction.
  • the engagement surface of the locking body and the recess in the carriage can be purely circular cylindrical. In an advantageous development, they consist of a circular cylindrical zone and of a tangentially adjoining the front inclined, in particular flat, zone. This reduces the friction when unlocking and makes it easier.
  • an angle to the longitudinal direction is advantageous, preferably also 45 degrees.
  • the locking block is fixed at its side facing away from the head bottom by means of a second transverse groove relative to the housing in the longitudinal direction. This allows the lock block to slightly adjust in the transverse direction. This ensures a uniform distribution of the forces acting on the two locking bodies.
  • the locking block forms on the side facing away from the head bottom of the second wedge surfaces a horizontal plate which overlaps the locking body partially.
  • the plate holds the locking body in the transverse groove, which is also advantageous when assembling the gun.
  • the plate can thus act in a similar manner as a waist of the pinch rollers in the prior art, if such effect is desired. As a result, then the entire height of the locking body for the guide surfaces is available.
  • Fig. 1 the housing 1 of a pistol is indicated by dashed lines. In full line is a section through the invention relevant parts of this gun to see in the longitudinal center plane.
  • a carriage 2 On the housing 1, a carriage 2 is guided in guides 34 displaceable in the longitudinal direction.
  • a barrel 3 is guided displaceably in the longitudinal direction.
  • a closing spring rod containing a closing spring 8 engages.
  • Behind the cartridge or cartridge chamber 12 of the barrel 3, a shock pad 5 is formed in the carriage 2, followed by a percussion device 4. This is not shown in detail, since it is known per se and is immaterial to the invention.
  • a guide block 6 is fixed by means of pins 14 or the like.
  • the guide block 6 forms a stop 13 for the returning barrel 3.
  • the locking device is denoted by 10 summarily.
  • the housing-fixed part of the locking device 10 is a locking block 20 which is held by a bolt 11 with respect to the housing 1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the end face 15 of the locking block 20 forms an abutment for the closing spring 8, the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 is supported on the guide block 6 from.
  • the bolt 11 is designed here pivotable about one of the pins 14 as a Zerleghebel.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the locking device 10 from obliquely below or in section seen, omitting the components not directly involved in the lock.
  • the locking block 20 has for fixing in the longitudinal direction with respect to the housing 1 on its underside (in the picture above) a retaining groove 17, in which the bolt 11 (s. Fig. 1 ) engages, and symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane two wedge surfaces 21.
  • the rear part of the barrel 3 forms a running head 22 with a transverse groove 23 on its underside, s. also Fig. 4 , In the transverse groove 23 a locking body 24,25 is guided on both sides in the transverse direction.
  • first grooves 28 and first strips 29 in the carriage 2 are guided by means of first grooves 28 and first strips 29 in the carriage 2 and by means of second grooves 30 and second strips 31 on the locking block 20 in the longitudinal direction.
  • groove 28; 30 and bar 29; 31 may be arranged in one or the other of the components.
  • Fig. 4 are the components of the Fig. 2 , namely, the housing-fixed locking block 20, the head 22 of the movable barrel 3, the locking body 24, 25 displaceable in the transverse groove 23 and the carriage 2 with the indentations 28, enlarged in plan view.
  • the locking block 20 has symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane, converging from its side walls 18 to the rear first wedge surfaces 21, which include an angle 39 of 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees with the longitudinal direction. To the wedge surfaces 21 close to the rear end of the locking block 20 parallel locking surfaces 32 at.
  • the head 22 of the barrel 3 has on its underside (in the picture above) a transverse groove 23 which forms straight flat vertical surfaces for guiding the locking bodies 24, 25. Significant forces are registered by the locking bodies 24, 25 over these surfaces, the surface pressure not assuming excessive peak values thanks to the surface contact.
  • the transverse groove 23 is interrupted by a central elongated channel 26 in which the locking block 20 is guided.
  • the channel 26 is at its rear end (in Fig. 4 right) bounded by a transverse surface 33. This serves as a stop for the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 in the locked position.
  • the locking bodies 24, 25 are cylinders whose lateral surface is not circular, but is composed of a first guide surface 35, a second guide surface 36 parallel thereto, a second wedge surface 38 and an engagement surface 40.
  • the angle 39 between the second wedge surface 38 and the longitudinal direction is 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees.
  • the engagement surface 40 in turn may be formed differently, here it consists of a circular cylindrical zone 41 and an inclined, for example, flat transition zone 42.
  • the oblique transition zone 42 is here a plane which with the longitudinal direction an angle 43 of 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 Degree, includes.
  • the carriage 2 has on the inside of its side walls on both sides recesses 27 which cooperate with the locking bodies 24, 25.
  • the recesses 27 have a the engagement surfaces 40 of the locking body 24, 25 corresponding shape.
  • they consist of a circular cylindrical zone 44 and an inclined, for example flat transition zone 45.
  • the transition zone may be flat, but need not. At a corresponding angle 43, it reduces the force and friction required for unlocking.
  • the Fig. 5 to 7 show three different operating positions of the lock 10, based on which the operation is explained.
  • Fig. 5 shows the locking device locked and ready to fire.
  • the carriage 2 and the barrel 3 take their foremost position. In this position, the head 22 of the barrel 3 is located on the impact plate 5 and the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 is located on the head 22 of the barrel 3 (s. Fig. 1 ).
  • the locking body 24, 25 are engaged in the recesses 27 in the carriage 2 and are held by the side walls 18 of the locking block 20 in this position.
  • Fig. 8 shows a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 2 of which it differs only in that the locking block 20 forms over the wedge surfaces 21 (dashed, because invisible here) a plate 120 which partially overlaps the locking bodies 24, 25, so that they can not fall out of the transverse groove 23.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pistole mit einem Gehäuse, einem darauf in Längsrichtung verschiebbar geführten Laufschlitten, einem im Laufschlitten geführten Lauf und einer Verriegelungsvorrichtung, welche gebildet ist von einem Kopf des Laufes, einem Verriegelungsblock und einem Paar von in einer Quernut des Kopfes geführten Verriegelungskörpern, welche durch Einwirkung des Verriegelungsblocks in Ausnehmungen an der Innenseite des Laufschlittens eingreifen und so den Lauf mit dem Laufschlitten verriegeln.The invention relates to a pistol having a housing, a longitudinally slidably guided thereon carriage, guided in the carriage run and a locking device which is formed by a head of the barrel, a locking block and a pair of guided in a transverse groove of the head locking bodies, which engage by the action of the locking block in recesses on the inside of the carriage and so lock the barrel with the carriage.

Bei den meisten Pistolen erfolgt die Verriegelung durch Kippen oder Verdrehen des Laufes bezüglich des Laufschlittens. Die dadurch entstehenden Massenkräfte beeinträchtigen die Handhabung und damit die Treffsicherheit. Dieser Nachteil tritt bei Verriegelung mittels Verriegelungskörpern, welche in aller Regel kreiszylindrische Rollen sind, nicht auf. Trotzdem hat diese Art der Verriegelung keine Verbreitung gefunden.Most pistols lock by tilting or twisting the barrel relative to the carriage. The resulting mass forces affect the handling and thus the accuracy. This disadvantage does not occur when locking by means of locking bodies, which are usually circular cylindrical rollers. Nevertheless, this type of locking has found no distribution.

Eine gattungsgemäße Pistole ist aus der GB 668117 bekannt. Auch hier sind die Verriegelungskörper kreiszylindrische Rollen, die an ebenen Begrenzungsflächen der Quernut anliegen und so die Reaktionskraft des Laufes beim Schuss auf den Laufschlitten übertragen. Zwischen den ebenen Begrenzungsflächen und den kreiszylindrischen Rollen liegt eine Linienberührung vor, die in beiden Teilen eine hohe Flächenpressung (sog. "Hertz'sehe Pressung") erzeugt. Linienberührung liegt auch zwischen den Rollen und der Kulisse des Verriegelungsblocks vor. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass diese hohe örtliche Flächenpressung an allen drei Teilen, vor allem aber an den Wänden der Quernut, Verformungen zur Folge hat, die bis zum Bruch fuhren können. Erschwerend kommt bei der Pistole gemäß der GB 668117 hinzu, dass die Rollen tailliert sind, sodass die Berührungslinie kürzer als die Höhe der Rollen ist. Diese Art der Verriegelung ist somit nur für sehr kleine Kaliber und schwache Treibladungen einsetzbar.A generic pistol is from the GB 668117 known. Again, the locking body are circular cylindrical rollers which bear against flat boundary surfaces of the transverse groove and thus transmit the reaction force of the barrel when shooting on the carriage. Between the flat boundary surfaces and the circular cylindrical rollers is a line contact, which generates a high surface pressure in both parts (so-called "Hertz'sehe pressure"). Line contact also exists between the rollers and the gate of the interlocking block. It has been shown that this high local surface pressure on all three parts, but especially on the walls of the transverse groove, resulting in deformation that can lead to breakage. To make matters worse in the gun according to the GB 668117 added that the rollers are fitted, so that the contact line is shorter than the height of the rollers. This type of locking is thus used only for very small caliber and weak propellant charges.

Es wurde zwar versucht, die betroffenen Teile so zu härten, dass sie hohen Flächenpressungen standhalten. Dabei hat sich örtliches induktives Härten nicht bewährt, weil es erstens zu aufwendig und nicht prozesssicher ist, und weil zweitens am Übergang von der gehärteten auf die ungehärtete Zone Risse auftreten. Diese Nachteile treten beim Gasnitrieren nicht auf, wegen der begrenzten Härtetiefe von maximal 0,35 mm sind aber bei Linienberührung Verformungen in der darunter liegenden ungehärteten Zone nicht zu vermeiden.An attempt was made to harden the affected parts in such a way that they withstand high surface pressures. In this case, local inductive hardening has not proven successful because, firstly, it is too costly and not process-reliable, and second, because cracks occur at the transition from the hardened to the uncured zone. These disadvantages do not occur in gas nitriding, but due to the limited depth of hardness of a maximum of 0.35 mm deformations in the underlying uncured zone can not be avoided on line contact.

Aus AT 403847 B ist ein halbstarres Verriegelungssystem für eine Feuerwaffe mit fest mit dem Gehäuse verbundenem Lauf bekannt, wobei der Verschluss mittels in radialer Richtung geführter Verriegelungskörper im Gehäuse verriegelbar ist. Um die auf die Verriegelungskörper wirkende Scherkraft zu verringern, wird der Rückstoß stufenweise abgebaut. Dabei besteht zwischen dem Verriegelungskörper und dem Gehäuse ein Spiel, wodurch der Verschluss zuerst als Masseverschluss wirkt.Out AT 403847 B is a semi-rigid locking system for a firearm with firmly connected to the housing barrel known, the closure by means of in radial Direction guided locking body is lockable in the housing. In order to reduce the shearing force acting on the locking bodies, the recoil is gradually reduced. In this case, there is a clearance between the locking body and the housing, whereby the closure first acts as a grounding.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, in einer Pistole wie eingangs angegeben die Verriegelung so zu gestalten, dass die genannten Nachteile nicht auftreten. Die Spitzenwerte der örtlichen Flächenpressung sollen verringert werden, sodass die Pistole auch für normale bis größere Kaliber und sogar für hochbrisante Munition geeignet ist.It is an object of the invention to design in a pistol as mentioned above, the lock so that the disadvantages mentioned do not occur. The peak values of the local surface pressure are to be reduced, so that the pistol is also suitable for normal to larger caliber and even for highly explosive ammunition.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das dadurch erreicht, dass der Verriegelungsblock zwei um die Längsmittenebene symmetrische erste ebene Keilflächen aufweist, dass die Verriegelungskörper Zylinder sind, deren Mantelfläche zwei parallele, in der Quernut anliegende ebene Führungsflächen, eine dem jeweils anderen Verriegelungskörper zugewandte erste ebene Keilfläche und eine vom jeweils anderen Verriegelungskörper abgewandte, zum Eingriff in die jeweilige Ausnehmung des Laufschlittens bestimmte Eingriffsfläche aufweist, und dass der Kopf des Laufes beiderseits mittels erster Nuten und erster Leisten im Laufschlitten und mittels zweiter Nuten und zweiter Leisten im Verriegelungsblock geführt ist.According to the invention this is achieved in that the locking block has two symmetrical about the longitudinal median plane first planar wedge surfaces, that the locking bodies are cylinders, whose lateral surface two parallel, in the transverse groove adjacent planar guide surfaces, a respective other locking body facing first flat wedge surface and one of each facing away from other locking body, has to engage in the respective recess of the carriage certain engagement surface, and that the head of the barrel is guided on both sides by means of first grooves and first strips in the carriage and by means of second grooves and second strips in the locking block.

Die Führungsflächen der Verriegelungskörper liegen großflächig an den Wänden der Quernut an, was die Flächenpressung signifikant verringert und örtliche Spitzenwerte vermeidet. Dadurch, dass die Verriegelungskörper in Richtung der Quernut länglich sind, ist ihre Anlagefläche auch in dieser Richtung erheblich. Mit demselben pressungsvermindernden Effekt wirken zwischen den Verriegelungskörpern und dem Verriegelungsblock ebene Keilflächen. Insgesamt sind so alle Linienberührungen durch Flächenberührung ersetzt. So kann diese vorteilhafte Art der Verriegelung auch für normale bis große Kaliber und hochbrisante Munition eingesetzt werden, und zwar bei verlängerter Lebensdauer. Die Führung des Kopfes im Laufschlitten sichert eine saubere Zuordnung der an der Verriegelung beteiligten Bauteile in Höhenrichtung.The guide surfaces of the locking body lie on a large area on the walls of the transverse groove, which significantly reduces the surface pressure and avoids local peaks. The fact that the locking body are elongated in the direction of the transverse groove, their contact surface is considerable in this direction. With the same pressure reducing effect, flat wedge surfaces act between the locking bodies and the locking block. Overall, all line contacts are replaced by surface contact. Thus, this advantageous type of locking can also be used for normal to large caliber and high-explosive ammunition, namely at extended life. The guidance of the head in the carriage ensures a clean assignment of the components involved in the locking in the vertical direction.

Günstige Kraft- und Reibungsverhältnisse herrschen, wenn die erste und die zweite ebene Keilfläche des Verriegelungskörpers mit der Längsmittenebene einen Winkel von ungefähr 45 Grad einschließt. In der praktischen Erprobung hat sich gezeigt, dass die genannten Keilflächen reibschlüssig sind, wodurch der Vorgang zur Entriegelung von Lauf und Laufschlitten, wo die meisten Kräfte auftreten, schonender für die betreffenden Teile abläuft. Auch wird die Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit des Laufschlittens, und dessen Anschlagenergie im Griffstück verringert. Das hat zur Folge, dass der Rückstoß der Waffe angenehmer ist, und dass die abgefeuerte Patronenhülse nicht so weit aus der Pistole geschleudert wird.Favorable force and friction conditions prevail when the first and second planar wedge surfaces of the locking body subtend an angle of approximately 45 degrees with the longitudinal median plane. In practical testing, it has been shown that the said wedge surfaces are frictionally engaged, whereby the process for unlocking the barrel and carriage, where most of the forces occur, runs more gently for the parts in question. Also, the return speed of the carriage, and its impact energy in the handle is reduced. This has the consequence that the recoil of the weapon is more pleasant, and that the fired cartridge case is not thrown so far out of the pistol.

Die Eingriffsfläche des Verriegelungskörpers und die Ausnehmung im Laufschlitten können rein kreiszylindrisch sein. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung bestehen sie aus einer kreiszylindrischen Zone und aus einer an der Vorderseite tangential anschließenden geneigten, insbesondere ebenen, Zone. Das vermindert die Reibung beim Entriegeln und erleichtert es so. Für die geneigte Zone der Eingriffsfläche ist ein Winkel zur Längsrichtung vorteilhaft, vorzugsweise ebenfalls 45 Grad.The engagement surface of the locking body and the recess in the carriage can be purely circular cylindrical. In an advantageous development, they consist of a circular cylindrical zone and of a tangentially adjoining the front inclined, in particular flat, zone. This reduces the friction when unlocking and makes it easier. For the inclined zone of the engagement surface, an angle to the longitudinal direction is advantageous, preferably also 45 degrees.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist der Verriegelungsblock an seiner vom Kopf abgewandten Unterseite mittels einer zweiten Quernut gegenüber dem Gehäuse in Längsrichtung festgelegt. Das erlaubt es dem Verriegelungsblock, sich in Querrichtung geringfügig einzustellen. Dadurch ist eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der auf die beiden Verriegelungskörper wirkenden Kräfte sichergestellt.In an advantageous embodiment, the locking block is fixed at its side facing away from the head bottom by means of a second transverse groove relative to the housing in the longitudinal direction. This allows the lock block to slightly adjust in the transverse direction. This ensures a uniform distribution of the forces acting on the two locking bodies.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform bildet der Verriegelungsblock auf der vom Kopf abgewandten Unterseite der zweiten Keilflächen eine horizontale Platte, die die Verriegelungskörper teilweise überlappt. Die Platte hält die Verriegelungskörper in der Quernut fest, was auch beim Zusammenbau der Pistole vorteilhaft ist. Die Platte kann somit in ähnlicher Weise wie eine Taillierung der Klemmrollen im Stand der Technik wirken, sofern eine solche Wirkung erwünscht ist. Dadurch steht dann die gesamte Höhe des Verriegelungskörpers für die Führungsflächen zur Verfügung.In an advantageous embodiment, the locking block forms on the side facing away from the head bottom of the second wedge surfaces a horizontal plate which overlaps the locking body partially. The plate holds the locking body in the transverse groove, which is also advantageous when assembling the gun. The plate can thus act in a similar manner as a waist of the pinch rollers in the prior art, if such effect is desired. As a result, then the entire height of the locking body for the guide surfaces is available.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen, auf die sie jedoch nicht beschränkt sein soll, noch weiter erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine Ansicht sowie einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Pistole;
  • Fig. 2 eine axonometrische Ansicht der Verriegelung von schräg unten;
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Linie III-III in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht gemäß Pfeil IV in Fig 2;
  • Fig. 5 die Pistole in einer ersten Betriebsstellung, von unten gesehen;
  • Fig. 6 wie Fig. 5, jedoch in einer zweiten Betriebsstellung;
  • Fig. 7 wie Fig. 5, nun jedoch in einer dritten Betriebsstellung; und
  • Fig. 8 eine Variante zu Fig. 2.
The invention will be further explained with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the drawing, to which it should not be limited. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 schematically a view and a vertical longitudinal section through a gun according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 an axonometric view of the lock from diagonally below;
  • Fig. 3 a cross section according to the line III-III in Fig. 2 ;
  • Fig. 4 an enlarged view according to arrow IV in Fig. 2 ;
  • Fig. 5 the gun in a first operating position, seen from below;
  • Fig. 6 as Fig. 5 but in a second operational position;
  • Fig. 7 as Fig. 5 but now in a third operational position; and
  • Fig. 8 a variant too Fig. 2 ,

In Fig. 1 ist das Gehäuse 1 einer Pistole gestrichelt angedeutet. In Volllinie ist ein Schnitt durch die erfindungsrelevanten Teile dieser Pistole in der Längsmittenebene zu sehen. Auf dem Gehäuse 1 ist ein Laufschlitten 2 in Führungen 34 in Längsrichtung verschiebbar geführt. Im Laufschlitten 2 ist ein Lauf 3 in Längsrichtung verschiebbar geführt. An seinem vorderen Ende bildet der Laufschlitten 2 eine Brille 7, die vom Lauf 3 durchsetzt ist und an der unter dem Lauf 3 eine, eine Schließfederstange enthaltende Schließfeder 8 angreift. Hinter der Patrone beziehungsweise Patronenkammer 12 des Laufes 3 ist im Laufschlitten 2 ein Stoßboden 5 ausgebildet, an den eine Schlagvorrichtung 4 anschließt. Diese ist nicht im einzelnen dargestellt, da sie an sich bekannt und für die Erfindung unwesentlich ist.In Fig. 1 the housing 1 of a pistol is indicated by dashed lines. In full line is a section through the invention relevant parts of this gun to see in the longitudinal center plane. On the housing 1, a carriage 2 is guided in guides 34 displaceable in the longitudinal direction. In the carriage 2, a barrel 3 is guided displaceably in the longitudinal direction. At its front end of the carriage 2 forms a pair of glasses 7, which is penetrated by the barrel 3 and at the below the barrel 3, a closing spring rod containing a closing spring 8 engages. Behind the cartridge or cartridge chamber 12 of the barrel 3, a shock pad 5 is formed in the carriage 2, followed by a percussion device 4. This is not shown in detail, since it is known per se and is immaterial to the invention.

Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein Führungsblock 6 mittels Stiften 14 oder dergleichen befestigt. Der Führungsblock 6 bildet einen Anschlag 13 für den zurück gehenden Lauf 3. Die Verriegelungsvorrichtung ist summarisch mit 10 bezeichnet. Der gehäusefeste Teil der Verriegelungsvorrichtung 10 ist ein Verriegelungsblock 20, der von einem Riegel 11 bezüglich des Gehäuses 1 in Längsrichtung gehalten ist. Die Stirnfläche 15 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 bildet ein Widerlager für die Schließfeder 8, die Rückenfläche 16 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 stützt sich am Führungsblock 6 ab. Der Riegel 11 ist hier um einen der Stifte 14 schwenkbar als Zerleghebel ausgebildet.In the housing 1, a guide block 6 is fixed by means of pins 14 or the like. The guide block 6 forms a stop 13 for the returning barrel 3. The locking device is denoted by 10 summarily. The housing-fixed part of the locking device 10 is a locking block 20 which is held by a bolt 11 with respect to the housing 1 in the longitudinal direction. The end face 15 of the locking block 20 forms an abutment for the closing spring 8, the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 is supported on the guide block 6 from. The bolt 11 is designed here pivotable about one of the pins 14 as a Zerleghebel.

Die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen die Verriegelungsvorrichtung 10 von schräg unten bzw. im Schnitt gesehen, unter Weglassung der an der Verriegelung nicht direkt beteiligten Bauteile. Der Verriegelungsblock 20 hat zur Fixierung in Längsrichtung bezüglich des Gehäuses 1 an seiner Unterseite (im Bild oben) eine Haltenut 17, in die der Riegel 11 (s. Fig. 1) eingreift, und symmetrisch zur Längsmittenebene zwei Keilflächen 21. Der hintere Teil des Laufes 3 bildet einen Laufkopf 22 mit einer Quernut 23 an seiner Unterseite, s. auch Fig. 4. In der Quernut 23 ist beiderseits je ein Verriegelungskörper 24,25 in Querrichtung geführt.The FIGS. 2 and 3 show the locking device 10 from obliquely below or in section seen, omitting the components not directly involved in the lock. The locking block 20 has for fixing in the longitudinal direction with respect to the housing 1 on its underside (in the picture above) a retaining groove 17, in which the bolt 11 (s. Fig. 1 ) engages, and symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane two wedge surfaces 21. The rear part of the barrel 3 forms a running head 22 with a transverse groove 23 on its underside, s. also Fig. 4 , In the transverse groove 23 a locking body 24,25 is guided on both sides in the transverse direction.

Der Kopf 22 des Laufes 3 ist mittels erster Nuten 28 und erster Leisten 29 im Laufschlitten 2 und mittels zweiter Nuten 30 und zweiter Leisten 31 am Verriegelungsblock 20 in Längsrichtung geführt. Dabei können jeweils Nut 28; 30 und Leiste 29; 31 in dem einen oder anderen der Bauteile angeordnet sein.The head 22 of the barrel 3 is guided by means of first grooves 28 and first strips 29 in the carriage 2 and by means of second grooves 30 and second strips 31 on the locking block 20 in the longitudinal direction. In each case groove 28; 30 and bar 29; 31 may be arranged in one or the other of the components.

In Fig. 4 sind die Bauteile der Fig. 2, nämlich der gehäusefeste Verriegelungsblock 20, der Kopf 22 des verschiebbaren Laufes 3, die in der Quernut 23 verschiebbaren Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 und der Laufschlitten 2 mit den Einbuchtungen 28, vergrößert in Draufsicht abgebildet.In Fig. 4 are the components of the Fig. 2 , namely, the housing-fixed locking block 20, the head 22 of the movable barrel 3, the locking body 24, 25 displaceable in the transverse groove 23 and the carriage 2 with the indentations 28, enlarged in plan view.

Der Verriegelungsblock 20 hat bezüglich der Längsmittenebene symmetrische, von seinen Seitenwänden 18 nach hinten zusammenlaufende erste Keilflächen 21, die mit der Längsrichtung einen Winkel 39 von 40 bis 50 Grad, vorzugsweise 45 Grad, einschließen. An die Keilflächen 21 schließen bis zum hinteren Ende des Verriegelungsblocks 20 parallele Rastflächen 32 an.The locking block 20 has symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane, converging from its side walls 18 to the rear first wedge surfaces 21, which include an angle 39 of 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees with the longitudinal direction. To the wedge surfaces 21 close to the rear end of the locking block 20 parallel locking surfaces 32 at.

Der Kopf 22 des Laufes 3 hat an seiner Unterseite (im Bild oben) eine Quernut 23, die gerade ebene vertikale Flächen zur Führung der Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 bildet. Über diese Flächen werden von den Verriegelungskörpern 24, 25 erhebliche Kräfte eingetragen, wobei die Flächenpressung dank der Flächenberührung keine überhöhten Spitzenwerte annimmt. Die Quernut 23 ist von einem mittigen länglichen Kanal 26 unterbrochen, in dem der Verriegelungsblock 20 geführt ist. Der Kanal 26 ist an seinem hinteren Ende (in Fig. 4 rechts) von einer Querfläche 33 begrenzt. Diese dient als Anschlag für die Rückenfläche 16 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 in der verriegelten Stellung.The head 22 of the barrel 3 has on its underside (in the picture above) a transverse groove 23 which forms straight flat vertical surfaces for guiding the locking bodies 24, 25. Significant forces are registered by the locking bodies 24, 25 over these surfaces, the surface pressure not assuming excessive peak values thanks to the surface contact. The transverse groove 23 is interrupted by a central elongated channel 26 in which the locking block 20 is guided. The channel 26 is at its rear end (in Fig. 4 right) bounded by a transverse surface 33. This serves as a stop for the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 in the locked position.

Die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 sind Zylinder, deren Mantelfläche nicht kreisförmig ist, sondern aus einer ersten Führungsfläche 35, einer dazu parallelen zweiten Führungsfläche 36, einer zweiten Keilfläche 38 und einer Eingriffsfläche 40 zusammengesetzt ist. Der Winkel 39 zwischen der zweiten Keilfläche 38 und der Längsrichtung beträgt 40 bis 50 Grad, vorzugsweise 45 Grad. Die Eingriffsfläche 40 ihrerseits kann verschieden ausgebildet sein, hier besteht sie aus einer kreiszylindrischen Zone 41 und einer geneigten, beispielsweise ebenen Übergangszone 42. Die schräge Übergangszone 42 ist hier eine Ebene, die mit der Längsrichtung einen Winkel 43 von 40 bis 50 Grad, vorzugsweise 45 Grad, einschließt.The locking bodies 24, 25 are cylinders whose lateral surface is not circular, but is composed of a first guide surface 35, a second guide surface 36 parallel thereto, a second wedge surface 38 and an engagement surface 40. The angle 39 between the second wedge surface 38 and the longitudinal direction is 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 degrees. The engagement surface 40 in turn may be formed differently, here it consists of a circular cylindrical zone 41 and an inclined, for example, flat transition zone 42. The oblique transition zone 42 is here a plane which with the longitudinal direction an angle 43 of 40 to 50 degrees, preferably 45 Degree, includes.

Der Laufschlitten 2 hat an der Innenseite seiner Seitenwände beiderseits Ausnehmungen 27, die mit den Verriegelungskörpern 24, 25 zusammenwirken. Die Ausnehmungen 27 haben eine den Eingriffsflächen 40 der Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 entsprechende Form. Im gezeigten Beispiel bestehen sie aus einer kreiszylindrischen Zone 44 und einer geneigten, beispielsweise ebenen Übergangszone 45. Die Übergangszone kann eben sein, muss aber nicht. Sie vermindert bei entsprechendem Winkel 43 die zum Entriegeln benötigte Kraft und Reibung.The carriage 2 has on the inside of its side walls on both sides recesses 27 which cooperate with the locking bodies 24, 25. The recesses 27 have a the engagement surfaces 40 of the locking body 24, 25 corresponding shape. In the example shown they consist of a circular cylindrical zone 44 and an inclined, for example flat transition zone 45. The transition zone may be flat, but need not. At a corresponding angle 43, it reduces the force and friction required for unlocking.

Die Fig. 5 bis 7 zeigen drei verschiedene Betriebsstellungen der Verriegelung 10, anhand derer nun die Arbeitsweise erläutert wird.The Fig. 5 to 7 show three different operating positions of the lock 10, based on which the operation is explained.

Fig. 5 zeigt die Verriegelungsvorrichtung verriegelt und schussbereit. Der Laufschlitten 2 und der Lauf 3 nehmen ihre vorderste Stellung ein. In dieser Stellung liegt der Kopf 22 des Laufes 3 am Stoßboden 5 an und die Rückenfläche 16 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 liegt am Kopf 22 des Laufes 3 an (s. Fig. 1). Die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 sind in die Ausnehmungen 27 im Laufschlitten 2 eingerastet und werden von den Seitenwänden 18 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 in dieser Stellung gehalten. Fig. 5 shows the locking device locked and ready to fire. The carriage 2 and the barrel 3 take their foremost position. In this position, the head 22 of the barrel 3 is located on the impact plate 5 and the back surface 16 of the locking block 20 is located on the head 22 of the barrel 3 (s. Fig. 1 ). The locking body 24, 25 are engaged in the recesses 27 in the carriage 2 and are held by the side walls 18 of the locking block 20 in this position.

Wird ein Schuss abgegeben, so werden zunächst der Laufschlitten 2 und der Lauf 3 gegen die Kraft der Schließfeder 8 zurück (in Fig. 6 nach rechts) geschleudert. Der Verriegelungsblock 20 ändert seine Stellung bezüglich des Gehäuses 1 nicht. Dadurch liegen die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 relativ zum Verriegelungsblock 20 weiter hinten. Sie werden nicht mehr von den Seitenwänden 18 des Verriegelungsblocks 20 in den Ausnehmungen 27 des Laufschlittens festgehalten, zwischen ihnen befinden sich nun die Rastflächen 32, deren Abstand voneinander kleiner als der Abstand zwischen den Seitenwänden 18 ist. Die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 können somit nach innen - zueinander - ausweichen.If a shot is fired, first the carriage 2 and the barrel 3 against the force of the closing spring 8 back (in Fig. 6 to the right). The locking block 20 does not change its position with respect to the housing 1. As a result, the locking body 24, 25 are relative to the locking block 20 further back. They are no longer held by the side walls 18 of the locking block 20 in the recesses 27 of the carriage, between them are now the locking surfaces 32, whose distance from each other is smaller than the distance between the side walls 18. The locking body 24, 25 can thus inward - to each other - dodge.

Der gemeinsame Rücklauf von Laufschlitten 2 und Lauf 3 endet, wenn der Kopf 22 des Laufes 3 an den Anschlag 13 des Führungsblocks 6 stößt und still steht, s. Fig. 1. Dann bewegt sich nur mehr der Laufschlitten 2 weiter rückwärts. Durch die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Laufschlitten 2 und dem Lauf 3 werden die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 von den Zonen 45 der Ausnehmungen 27 in Laufschlitten 2 nach innen gedrückt, bis sie an den Rastflächen 32 anliegen. Das ist die in Fig. 7 abgebildete entriegelte Stellung. Sie stimmt mit der in Fig. 4 gezeigten vergrößerten Darstellung überein.The common return of the carriage 2 and 3 barrel ends when the head 22 of the barrel 3 abuts against the stop 13 of the guide block 6 and stands still, s. Fig. 1 , Then only more of the carriage 2 moves backwards. Due to the relative movement between the carriage 2 and the barrel 3, the locking body 24, 25 pressed by the zones 45 of the recesses 27 in the carriage 2 inward until they rest against the locking surfaces 32. That's the one in Fig. 7 pictured unlocked position. She agrees with the in Fig. 4 shown enlarged view match.

Bei weiterem Rücklauf des Laufschlittens 2 wird in bekannter Weise die Patrone 12 ausgeworfen und die Schlagvorrichtung 4 gespannt. Wenn der Laufschlitten 2 nach Bewegungsumkehr vorwärts läuft, werden die Stellungen der Fig. 5, 6 und 7 in umgekehrter Reihenfolge durchlaufen.Upon further return of the carriage 2, the cartridge 12 is ejected in a known manner and the impact device 4 stretched. When the carriage 2 moves forward after reversing the movement, the positions of the FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 in reverse order.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Variante zur Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2, von der sie sich nur dadurch unterscheidet, dass der Verriegelungsblock 20 über den Keilflächen 21 (strichliert, weil hier unsichtbar) eine Platte 120 bildet, die die Verriegelungskörper 24, 25 teilweise überlappt, sodass sie nicht aus der Quernut 23 herausfallen können. Fig. 8 shows a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 2 of which it differs only in that the locking block 20 forms over the wedge surfaces 21 (dashed, because invisible here) a plate 120 which partially overlaps the locking bodies 24, 25, so that they can not fall out of the transverse groove 23.

Claims (6)

  1. A pistol, with a housing (1), a barrel slide (2) which is guided displaceably in the longitudinal direction thereon, a barrel (3) which is guided in the barrel slide, and a locking device (10) which is formed by a head (22) of the barrel (3), a locking block (20) secured to the head in the longitudinal direction and a pair of locking bodies (24, 25) guided in a transverse groove (23) of the head (22), whereupon these locking bodies (24, 25) engage in recesses (27) on the inside of the barrel slide (2) by the action of the locking block (20) and thus lock the barrel (3) to the barrel slide (2), characterized in that the locking block (20) has tow first wedge surfaces (21) which are symmetrical about a longitudinal center plane, that the locking bodies (24, 25) are cylinders, the circumferential surface of which has two parallel planar guide surface (35, 36) resting in the transverse groove (23), a second wedge surface (38) which faces the other locking body (25, 24) in each case and interacts in a sheetlike manner with the fist wedge surface (21) of the locking block (20), and an engagement surface (40) which faces away from the other locking body (25, 24) in each case and is intended for engaging in the respective recess (27) of the barrel slide (2), and that the head (22) of the barrel (3) is guided on both sides by means of first grooves (28) and first rails (29) in the barrel slide (2) and by means of second grooves (30) and second rails (31) in the locking block (20).
  2. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the first wedge surface (21) of the locking block and the second wedge surface (38) of the locking body each comprise a corresponding angle (39) of about 45 degrees in relation to the longitudinal direction.
  3. The pistol according to claim 1, wherein the engagement surface (40) of the locking bodies (24, 25) has a circular cylindrical zone (41) and, tangentially adjoining the front side, an inclined transition zone (42), and the recess (27) in the barrel slide (2) has a circular cylindrical zone (44) and, tangentially adjoining the front side, an inclined transition zone (45).
  4. The pistol according to claim 3, characterized in that the inclined transition zones (42, 45) of the engagement surfaces (40) and the recesses (27) each comprise a corresponding angle (43) of about 45 degrees in relation to the longitudinal direction.
  5. The pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking block (20) is secured on the lower side thereof, which faces away from the head (22), in the longitudinal direction in relation to the housing (1) by means of a retaining groove (17).
  6. The pistol according to claim 1, wherein, on the lower side, which side faces away from the head (22) of the barrel (3), the locking block (20) forms a horizontal plate (120) which partially overlaps the locking bodies (24, 25).
EP12756064.7A 2011-08-24 2012-08-23 Pistol Not-in-force EP2748551B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1212/2011A AT510442B1 (en) 2011-08-24 2011-08-24 PISTOL WITH LOCK THROUGH LOCKING BODY
PCT/AT2012/000219 WO2013026076A1 (en) 2011-08-24 2012-08-23 Pistol

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EP2748551A1 EP2748551A1 (en) 2014-07-02
EP2748551B1 true EP2748551B1 (en) 2014-12-17

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US (2) US8807010B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2748551B1 (en)
AT (1) AT510442B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2846250A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013026076A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2748551A1 (en) 2014-07-02
AT510442B1 (en) 2012-04-15
US8807010B2 (en) 2014-08-19
US20140352187A1 (en) 2014-12-04
US9488431B2 (en) 2016-11-08
AT510442A4 (en) 2012-04-15
WO2013026076A1 (en) 2013-02-28
US20130160341A1 (en) 2013-06-27
CA2846250A1 (en) 2013-02-28

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