EP2746179A1 - Cardboard hampers suitable for being nested by pairs - Google Patents

Abstract

The crate (10) has a rectangular basic wall (6) that is provided with a set of large sides (6-1) in a longitudinal direction (XX'), where the sides are surmounted after folding by two vertical longitudinal walls (1) extending in the longitudinal direction. The wall includes four notches, and the basic wall is allowed to rest on an upper side (3n) of a small spill plate (3b) or reinforcement elements (3), and to rest on a support of another small crate. The small spill plate is provided with uneven height. An independent claim is also included for a method for stacking of cardboard crates.

Description

The present invention relates to a new crate or cardboard packaging box, especially for the packaging of fruits and vegetables for transport.

More particularly, the present invention relates to a cardboard crate made by folding a cardboard blank or web in one piece.

More particularly, such cardboard crates are known in many prior art documents, such as FR 2,381,668 , FR 2 403 271 , FR 2,410,612 , FR 2,460,256 , FR 2,513,968 , FR 2,558,805 , FR 2,565,203 , FR 2,647,417 , FR 2,670,181 , FR 2,837,466 , WO 03082683 , WO 2006/035376 .

In general, these packages are stored empty or filled with fruits and vegetables by stacking or stacking to a height of about 2 m, the upper edges of the lateral vertical walls of the lower crate comprising projecting parts coming to wedge in notches of the bottom wall of an upper crate which is stacked over the lower crate.

Even more particularly, the present invention relates to crates of the type comprising cut-outs, such that, once said folded sheet, said crate comprises a rectangular bottom wall whose long sides, in the longitudinal direction, are overcome after folding by two vertical longitudinal walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the crate and whose short sides are surmounted by two transverse walls, said head walls, extending in the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, said head walls being higher than the longitudinal walls.

This type of crate makes it possible to ensure the maintenance of the fruits and vegetables contained in said crates over its entire height at the level of the head walls, by providing lateral openings above the longitudinal walls allowing the circulation of air inside. of the crate and aeration of the fruits and vegetables it contains, when the full crates are stacked one on top of the other.

• les empilements sur 2 m de hauteur desdites cagettes sont peu stables lors de leur manutention et transport, du fait, entre autres, d'une offre de prise au vent importante, et
• les cagettes vides étant empilées toutes dans le même sens, l'intérieur des cagettes n'est pas protégé de la pollution et de la poussière de l'environnement extérieur pendant leur stockage.

Storing empty cardboard crates has the following disadvantages:

• the stacks over 2 m in height of said crates are unstable during their handling and transport, due, among other things, to an important wind-holding offer, and
• the empty crates being stacked all in the same direction, the inside of the crates is not protected from pollution and dust from the external environment during their storage.

In FR 2,691,943 , FR 2,696,417 , EP 538,098 and JP 1 0194285 crates are described which have corner reinforcements.

An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a type of crate which offers stacking possibilities overcoming the above disadvantages.

The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of crate as described above, which improves the stability of the empty or full crate stacks and allows to reduce the empty crate storage volume while maintaining good ventilation of the crates. crates in case of juxtaposition of batteries.

Another object of the present invention is to produce inexpensive cartons packaging and achieving in particular a saving of material and / or economy of sticky material during the setting volume of the crate by folding / gluing of the package.

To do this, the present invention aims to provide crates that are nestable / nestable two by two in each other, at least in part.

More specifically, the present invention provides a cardboard crate made by folding an integral cardboard web comprising cut-out cuts such that, once said folded web, said crate comprises a rectangular bottom wall. whose long sides, in the longitudinal direction, are surmounted after folding by two vertical longitudinal walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the crate and whose short sides are surmounted by two transverse walls, called head walls, extending into the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the height H of said head walls being greater than the height H1 of the longitudinal walls, first reinforcing and supporting elements rising above the bottom wall, respectively in each of the four angles inside said crate, each said first reinforcing member and support comprising a longitudinal portion bearing on said bottom wall having a flat outer face in the longitudinal direction, of height at least equal to that of said head walls, said longitudinal walls being folded and fixed, preferably by gluing, against the lower parts said outer faces of said longitudinal portions of said first reinforcing and supporting members, the upper portion of said outer face of each said longitudinal portion of a said first reinforcing and supporting member extends above the substantially horizontal upper edge; said longitudinal wall folded against said outer face to a height H2 less than H1, preferably less than or equal to 1/2 of H1, more preferably H2 greater than or equal to about 1/4 of H1, between the two lateral external faces upper portions of said first reinforcing and supporting members extending above said wall s longitudinal, being less than the distance between the two outer faces of said two longitudinal walls of the crate, characterized in that the upper edge of said longitudinal portion of each first reinforcing and supporting element comprises a small elevation forming a height difference h1 with respect to said upper edge, preferably H2 + h1 being smaller than H1, more preferably h1 being between 1/10 of H2 and 1/4 of H2, and said bottom wall comprises at least four notches extending in said longitudinal direction, said notches of a first said rack adapted to be traversed by said small extensions of a second said identical crate on which said first crate is stacked and able to wedge them so that the bottom wall of a said first crate rests on the upper edges on the other side of said so-called first elements reinforcement and support of a said second crate.

• ladite partie supérieure de face externe dudit premier élément de renfort et soutien au-dessus de ladite paroi longitudinale n'étant pas recouverte et définissant ainsi une face externe longitudinale de ladite cagette,
• les dites rehausses s'étendent sur une longueur L4 dans la direction longitudinale inférieure à celle de L3 des bords supérieurs des parties longitudinales desdits premiers éléments de renfort et
• les dites encoches sont des découpes formant des perforations s'étendent sur une longueur L5 dans la direction longitudinale supérieure à celle L4 des dites rehausses et inférieure à celle L3 des bords supérieurs desdites parties longitudinales des premiers éléments de renfort et inférieure, et
• - les dites encoches sont décalées de D1 dans la direction longitudinale vers l'intérieur de la cagette par rapport à la ligne de pliage entre la dite paroi de tête et la dite paroi de fond pour que les encoches d'une première cagette superposée à une deuxième cagette se situe à l'aplomb de la dite rehausse de la dite deuxième cagette.

We understand that:

• said outer face upper part of said first reinforcing element and support above said longitudinal wall not being covered and thus defining a longitudinal outer face of said crate,
• said risers extend over a length L4 in the longitudinal direction less than that of L3 from the upper edges of the longitudinal portions of said first reinforcing elements and
• said notches are cutouts forming perforations extend over a length L5 in the longitudinal direction greater than that L4 of said extensions and lower than that L3 of the upper edges of said longitudinal portions of the first and lower reinforcement elements, and
• said notches are offset from D1 in the longitudinal direction towards the inside of the crate with respect to the fold line between said head wall and said bottom wall so that the notches of a first crate superimposed on a second crate is located above the so-called raises of said second crate.

More particularly, the small riser is shifted by D1 in the longitudinal direction towards the inside of the crate with respect to the internal face of the head wall such that L3 = L4 + 2xD1.

It is understood that said notch is slightly offset from D2 in the transverse direction relative to the boundary of the inner face of the longitudinal wall which is closest thereto. If necessary, the notch comes opposite the space between said inner portion and outer portion of the longitudinal portion of the first reinforcing element and support. Similarly, the small riser is shifted in the longitudinal direction D1 towards the inside of the crate with respect to the internal face of the head wall of which it is an extension.

This characteristic enhances at the upper edges of the first reinforcing elements cooperating with said notches of a bottom wall of a second crate of the same shape contributes to the stabilization of solid crate stacks This feature improves the calibration said full crates when stacked on top of one another in the same direction.

On the other hand, given the dimensional characteristics of the longitudinal walls of smaller height H1 than the head walls, the interlocking of the small 3h extensions in said notches preserves a lateral air space between the upper edge of the longitudinal walls d a first crate and the bottom wall of a second crate stacked over the first crate.

Preferably, the lower edges of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcement and support elements each have a hook that is capable of allowing said riser to be inserted into a said second rack in the said hook after passing through a said notch. a said first superimposed crate.

More preferably, said crate has, in section in a vertical transverse plane, a trapezoidal shape, the two lateral edges of each head wall being slightly inclined at an angle α relative to the vertical and said longitudinal walls being also slightly inclined with the same inclination towards the inside of the crate, and said longitudinal portions of the first reinforcing and supporting elements being slightly inclined at an angle α relative to the vertically substantially the same inclination, with preferably tg (α) = 1% to 5%.

The so-called "tronconicity" characteristic of the crate resulting from the trapezoidal shape of the head walls is particularly advantageous in combination with the characteristics of the extensions and preferably unhooked. Indeed, this trapezoidal shape contributes to a good lateral aeration stacked crates with stacks juxtaposed side by side on their longitudinal edges because it results in the provision of a gap between the upper parts of the longitudinal walls of 2 side crates beside. This empty space allows better air circulation and thus a better aeration of fruits and vegetables inside said stacked full crates. And, the insertion of said extensions in said notches and said unhooked allows to stabilize said frustoconical shape and thus maintain the said empty space aeration between two crates juxtaposed at their longitudinal walls of two piles juxtaposed despite the weight of the stack of crates, because the said notches 6a can be shifted slightly inwardly of the crate and / or the tabs forming the said extensions of a lower crate can be folded laterally in an inclination towards the inside of the crate upper crate superimposed and go through the said unhooked upper crate superimposed.

The characteristics of "tronconicity" of the crate and combination of rehaisse / notches and / or unhooked cooperate with each other to contribute in synergy to the aeration and stabilization of the stacks of full crates.

In addition, the trapezoidal shape facilitates the nesting of two nested crates one in the other spade head and ensures their maintained fit in force one into the other by depression of one into the other.

It is understood that the trapezoidal shape corresponds to a trapezium having a small upper base and a large lower base. In other words, the upper edges of the two longitudinal walls on each side of a said crate are closer than the long sides of said bottom wall.

This feature is advantageous for facilitating the stacking by nesting or interlocking two inverted crates in one another, the first crate being inverted with respect to the second crate, that is to say that their bottom walls are more distant from each other than the edges of their longitudinal walls, and the first crate is, in part, positioned inside the second crate, as explained above.

On the other hand, this trapezoidal shape allows to provide a free space between two stacks of stacked crates juxtaposed, as described below.

Another advantage of the trapezoidal shape of the head walls is the creation of vacuum between the longitudinal walls of stacked crates of two piles juxtaposed side by side on their longitudinal edges of full crates according to the invention, which empty between the juxtaposed crates allows a better air circulation and, thus, better ventilation of fruits and vegetables inside said stacked full crates.

More particularly, the trapezoidal shape of said head wall and the dimensions of the head wall are such that (L1-L2) / H = 2 to 5%, L1 being the width of the lower edge, L2 the width of the upper edge and H the height of the head wall.

• la partie longitudinale de chaque premier élément de renfort et soutien est repliée sur elle-même et comprend une partie externe présentant une dite face externe et une partie interne formant un premier rabat interne replié en vis-à-vis de la face interne de ladite partie externe, la dite petite rehausse s'étendant au-dessus du bord supérieur de ladite partie externe, et , de préférence, ladite partie externe comprenant un décroché apte à permettre l'insertion d'une dite rehausse d'une dite deuxième cagette dans le dit décroché après passage dans une dite encoche d'une dite première cagette superposée, et
• chaque dite encoche est décalée de D2 dans la direction transversale en vis-à-vis de l'espace entre lesdites partie interne et partie externe de partie longitudinale du premier élément de renfort et de soutien.

In one embodiment, said crate is characterized in that :

• the longitudinal portion of each first reinforcing element and support is folded back on itself and comprises an outer portion having a said outer face and an inner portion forming a first folded inner flap vis-à-vis the inner face of said portion external, the said small riser extending above the upper edge of said outer portion, and, preferably, said outer portion comprising a hook open adapted to allow the insertion of a said riser of a said second crate in the said unhooked after passing through a said notch of a said first superimposed crate, and
• each said notch is offset from D2 in the transverse direction vis-à-vis the space between said inner portion and outer longitudinal portion of the first reinforcing member and support.

Said inner portion of said first reinforcing element may be disposed parallel to its said outer portion or form an angle with said outer portion to better support said head wall.

The characteristic according to which the notches of a first are opposite the space between said internal parts and external parts of a first reinforcing element of said first crate allows said small extension of a second crate is inserted into said space between the inner and outer portions of the reinforcing element of the first stacked crate over the second crate. This feature further contributes to the stabilization of solid crate stacks on the one hand and on the other hand, this feature is particularly advantageous and is made possible in the case where the crate has a frustoconical shape with trapezoidal head walls. In other words, these features also cooperate with each other to synergistically contribute to a better aeration and stabilization of the stacks of the full crates.

Since H2 is smaller than H1, it is possible to nest / nest inside a first crate, a second inverted crate, by inserting a head wall of the first crate inside the second crate. the upper edges of the longitudinal walls of each crate being applied against the edges of the longitudinal wall of the other inverted crate in their overlap area in the longitudinal direction, so that the bottom wall of each crate serves as a cover for the another crate, thus protecting it from outside pollution. On the other hand, the stacking height of 2 x n empty crates, thus nested, represents n x H1 + n x H2 instead of 2n x H1. Thus, for a given stacking height, it is possible to stack a larger number of empty crates.

On the other hand, the offset in the longitudinal direction, between the second rack and the first rack nested one inside the other, can be minimized to the length L3 of said first reinforcing elements and support in the longitudinal direction .

More particularly, it is possible to nest two crates one inside the other, a first crate resting, for example, on its bottom wall and a second crate superimposed, but reversed with its bottom wall in the upper position, and stacked over the first crate, as explained below. The edge of the upper edge of the longitudinal walls creates an extra thickness relative to said outer face of the longitudinal portions of the first reinforcing elements and support. When stacking the second overturned crate superimposed over the first crate, the portions of a first head wall and the longitudinal portions of two first reinforcing and supporting elements bordering this first head wall of the second crate extending beyond (that is to say below) the longitudinal walls of the second crate, may be inserted inside the first crate, between the inner faces of the middle portions of the longitudinal walls of the first crate , just before and against said first reinforcement elements of the first crate, the edge of the longitudinal walls of the second crate, which is resting on the upper edges of the longitudinal walls of the first crate, and the second head wall and the first reinforcing elements, each lateral end of the second head wall of the second crate, being positioned outside the first crate.

For a height H of given head wall, the height H2 less than 1/2 of H1 makes it possible to implement longitudinal walls of height H1 sufficient to contain fruits and vegetables of sufficient sizes and / or numbers, while allowing adequate ventilation of the fruits and vegetables when the full crates are stacked one above the other.

The use of head walls with a height H greater than the height H1 of the longitudinal walls makes it possible to sufficiently contain the fruits and vegetables while providing a lateral air space for the fruits and vegetables when the crates are stacked on top of each other. .

According to another characteristic, the dimension L3 in the longitudinal direction of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcing and support element is less than or equal to H1 and preferably L3 less than 15% of L.

More particularly, this feature makes it possible to reduce the longitudinal offset of two nested crates one inside the other.

This feature reduces the bulk in the longitudinal dimension of the crate when there are several stacked juxtaposed side by side pairs of empty crates superimposed, nested two by two, as described above.

This characteristic therefore contributes, more generally, to reducing the volume of all the juxtaposed piles of pairs of empty crates nested one inside the other.

Finally, this feature provides a saving in material and a reduced bonding surface for fixing the longitudinal walls against said outer faces of said first reinforcing elements and support.

More particularly, L3 is less than 10% of L, in practice is less than or equal to 60 mm for conventional sized crates whose length L of the longitudinal walls is 450 to 600 mm.

More particularly, the length L of the longitudinal walls is from 350 to 600 mm, the width L2 of the head walls is from 300 to 400 mm, the height H of the head walls is from 85 to 200 mm and the height H1 of the longitudinal walls is from 50 to 150mm.

More particularly, each said head wall is extended, at its two lateral ends in the transverse direction, by, respectively, two first support and reinforcing elements rising above the bottom wall after folding at the edges. side of said head wall and folding at the small sides (6 ₂ ) of said bottom wall.

In this case, it is understood that said notches are offset in the transverse direction towards the inside of the crate with respect to the fold line between said longitudinal wall and said bottom wall by a distance at least equal to that the thickness of said web.

Said first reinforcement and support elements have more particularly a dihedral shape with a first part in the longitudinal direction consisting of said outer portion and inner portion forming a first folded inner flap vis-à-vis the inner face of said portion external, and a second part (3t) in the transverse direction applied against the inner surface of said head walls with a fold line demarcating the two said first and second parts of the dihedron.

It is understood that the pilling line delimiting said second flat portion is located at the angle of said rack when said inner portion is parallel to said outer portion or located near the corner of said rack when said portion internal portion and said outer portion form an angle.

According to other advantageous features, each said head wall is extended by an upper flap folded at the substantially horizontal upper edge of said head wall towards the inside of said crate, constituting at least in part a substantially folded upper horizontal flap. at 90 ° with respect to said head wall, said horizontal top flap extending at each lateral end in the transverse direction by a portion, called the second complementary reinforcing element, folded vertically against an inner face of said longitudinal portion of said first element of reinforcement and support, preferably, inserted between said outer portion and said inner portion of each said longitudinal portion of each said first reinforcing element and support folded against each other, preferably the height h1 of the small extension to the above the upper edge of the first reinforcing and supporting element and the height h2 of said second complementary reinforcing member being such that h1 + h2 is less than or equal to H the height of the head wall.

In this case, said second reinforcing element of a first crate is applied against said outer portion of said first reinforcing element of the first crate, while said raising of a second crate on which said first crate is filled, the lower part of said outer part of the first reinforcing element of the first crate is applied.

The upper flap is also called bar. It contributes to a better conditioning of fruit and vegetables inside the crate, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, constitutes a complementary element of reinforcement and support of the head walls. More particularly, said upper flap, folded at the upper edge of the head wall towards the inside of the crate, extends horizontally and continuously between its two said vertical side portions or second complementary reinforcing elements.

Advantageously, each longitudinal wall has two longitudinal end portions, cut in the form of strips or tongues of height less than that of said longitudinal wall, forming third reinforcing elements fixed, preferably glued, on the inner face of said longitudinal portion of each said first reinforcing element and support.

Preferably, each longitudinal wall comprises a second internal flap, folded at the upper edge of said longitudinal wall towards the inside of the crate, said second internal flap comprising a medially fixed portion, preferably glued, against the inner face of the middle portion of said longitudinal wall, and two said end portions forming third reinforcing elements extending, preferably, over the entire height of said second flap, preferably over substantially the entire height of said longitudinal wall.

This feature makes it possible to reinforce the strength of the crate and to compensate for the reduced bonding surfaces resulting from the reduction in the longitudinal direction of the dimension of the external face of said longitudinal portions of said first reinforcing and support members, as described hereinabove. above.

It is understood that this feature is particularly advantageous because the longitudinal end portions of reinforcement compensate for the reduced dimension in the longitudinal direction of said longitudinal portions of the first reinforcing and supporting elements.

The present invention also provides a stacking method of crates according to the invention, characterized in that the crates are stacked by arranging the bottom walls of the different crates parallel to each other and without any offset in the transverse direction of each stack of crates.

In a first embodiment, empty crates are stacked by stacking pairs of crates nested one inside the other, such that the portion of a first head wall above the longitudinal walls of a first crate is introduced inside a second crate with the edges of the longitudinal walls of the first crate applied against the edges of the longitudinal walls of the second crate, and with the outer face of said first head wall of the first crate to the inside the second crate applied against the first reinforcing and supporting elements of a first head wall of the second crate, the second head wall of the first crate being located outside said second crate so that the first reinforcing and supporting elements of the second head wall of the first crate are applied against the outer face of the second head wall of the first second crate inside the first crate.

In another embodiment, stacked empty or full crates are stacked in the same direction, the longitudinal walls of the crates of a first stack being juxtaposed against the longitudinal walls of the crates of a second stack, the head walls of said crates being of trapezoidal shape and thus providing a gap between the upper edges of two crates at the same height of two juxtaposed stacks.

More particularly, said notches of a said first crate stacked over a second crate, are traversed by said small risers of said second crate, preferably said small risers of said second crate being inserted into unhooked recesses of the lower edges of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcing elements and support of said first crate, said unhooked being fit to allow the insertion of said extensions of a said second lower crate into the void of said unhooked after passing through said notches, preferably also said small risers being inserted between said external parts and internal parts of said first elements of reinforcement folded against each other of said first crate.

• La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une cagette non comprise dans l'invention, à titre de comparaison.
• Les figures 2A et 2B représentent un premier mode de réalisation de cagette selon l'invention, à partir d'une nappe découpée dépliée (figure 2A) et après mise en volume par pliage et collage (figure 2B).
• Les figures 3A à 3D sont des vues d'une cagette selon l'invention, en vue de dessus (figure 3A), en vue d'une face transversale (figure 3B), en vue d'une face longitudinale (figure 3C) et en vue de dessous (figure 3D).
• Les figures 4A et 4B représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation de cagette selon l'invention, à partir d'une nappe découpée dépliée (figure 4A) et après mise en volume par pliage et collage (figure 4B).
• Les figures 5A à 5F montrent différentes étapes de pliage pour la mise en volume d'une cagette selon la figure 2B.
• La figure 6 montre l'empilement et encastrement de deux cagettes l'une sur l'autre pour obtenir une pile selon la figure 7.
• La figure 7 est une vue de cagettes pleines empilées sur une palette 12 en vue de leurs faces transversales (parois de tête).
• La figure 8A est une vue des faces longitudinales de cagettes vides, empilées après imbrication des cagettes deux par deux l'une dans l'autre, l'une des cagettes étant inversée, les cagettes de dessous reposant sur une paroi de tête (face transversale).
• La figure 8B représente un empilement de cagettes posées sur une palette en vue de leurs faces transversales, avec des parois longitudinales des cagettes de dessous reposant à plat horizontalement sur la palette 12.
• Les figures 9A et 9B sont des vues d'une cagette simplifiée en perspective (figure 9A) et sa nappe dépliée (figure 9B).

Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which will follow, given in an illustrative and nonlimiting manner, with reference to the following appended drawings.

• The figure 1 represents a perspective view of a crate not included in the invention, for comparison.
• The Figures 2A and 2B represent a first embodiment of the crate according to the invention, from an unfolded cut sheet ( Figure 2A ) and after setting volume by folding and gluing ( Figure 2B ).
• The Figures 3A to 3D are views of a crate according to the invention, seen from above ( figure 3A ), in view of a transverse face ( figure 3B ), with a view to a longitudinal face ( figure 3C ) and in view from below ( 3D figure ).
• The Figures 4A and 4B represent a second embodiment of the crate according to the invention, from an unfolded cut sheet ( Figure 4A ) and after setting volume by folding and gluing ( Figure 4B ).
• The Figures 5A to 5F show different stages of folding for the volume of a crate according to the Figure 2B .
• The figure 6 shows the stacking and embedding of two crates on top of one another to obtain a battery according to the figure 7 .
• The figure 7 is a view of full crates stacked on a pallet 12 in view of their transverse faces (head walls).
• The figure 8A is a view of the longitudinal sides of empty crates, stacked after nesting the crates two by two in one another, one of the crates being reversed, the lower crates resting on a head wall (transverse face).
• The Figure 8B represents a stack of crates placed on a pallet with a view to their transverse faces, with longitudinal walls of the bottom crates lying flat horizontally on the pallet 12.
• The Figures 9A and 9B are views of a simplified crate in perspective ( Figure 9A ) and its unfolded tablecloth ( Figure 9B ).

On the Figure 2A a flank or web 10a made of cardboard, made in one piece with cutouts 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d, which can be made to volume by folding and gluing to form a crate (10) according to the invention shown, has been described. Figure 2B .

This sheet of cardboard is in the form of a double corrugated corrugated cardboard laminate known to those skilled in the art. This layer of laminated cardboard has a thickness of 2 to 6 mm.

In an embodiment corresponding to standard dimensions, the crate will have a length, in its longitudinal direction XX ', L = 480 mm, but more generally L may be from 195 to 600 mm, and a width, in its perpendicular transverse direction. YY ', L1 = 284 mm, but more generally L1 may be from 145 to 450 mm.

Once the flank 10a has been cut, pre-folding lines are produced, as described below.

The flank 10a has a central portion corresponding to the rectangular bottom wall 6, bordered on its two longitudinal sides 6 ₁ by the portions corresponding to the longitudinal walls 1. Thus, pre-folding lines 6 _{1 are} formed which will constitute the lower sides of the longitudinal walls 1 and the longitudinal sides of the bottom wall 6.

The bottom wall 6 is also bordered, at its two longitudinal ends, by two parts forming the head walls 2 whose lower edges after folding are constituted by the transverse sides 6 ₂ of the bottom wall 6.

The parts intended to form the head walls 2 are extended, at each lateral end in the transverse direction YY ', by portions intended to form after folding of said first support and reinforcement elements 3, as described below. The notches or cuts cut by material 9b made in the sidewall allow to separate the parts forming said first reinforcing elements and support 3 longitudinal walls 1 of the crate, delimiting the lower edges 3p vis-à-vis the bottom wall 6 after folding of said first reinforcing and supporting elements 3, and the lateral edges 1b of the longitudinal walls 1 vis-à-vis the side edges 2a of the head walls 2 after folding.

The fold lines forming the lateral edges 2a of the head wall 2 are inclined at an angle α towards the inside of the rack relative to the vertical, so as to form trapezoidal head walls, as described below. .

The flank 10a comprises, at its two longitudinal ends, an extension portion of the head walls intended to form a horizontal internal flap 4, by folding inwardly of the crate at the transverse end side 2b of each wall of the head, this transverse side forming the upper edge 2b of the head wall after folding.

This horizontal internal flap 4 is extended, at its two transverse ends, by large tongues 5 of length h2 less than or equal to H1, extending transversely before folding. The large tongues 5 form, after folding and shaping of the crate, second complementary support and reinforcement elements arranged substantially vertically, against the inner face of said first corner reinforcing elements 3, or interposed between the different parts. said first reinforcing and supporting elements 3, as described hereinafter, in particular the outer parts 3e and inner parts 3i folded against each other.

The cuts by material removal or notches 9c can separate said tabs 5 parts forming the first reinforcing elements and support 3, delimiting the upper edges 3n of said first reinforcing elements and support 3 after folding and vertical side edges of said second complementary reinforcing elements 5 after folding.

The bottom wall 6 also includes notches 6a which extend in the longitudinal direction near the four corners of the bottom wall, along the lower edges 6 ₁ of the longitudinal walls 1. These notches 6a are intended to receive projections or 3h tips forming small elevators h1 height relative to the upper edge 3n of the first reinforcing elements and support 3 after folding in the vertical position. These small extensions or end pieces 3h of a lower crate constitute the wedging elements of an upper crate arranged with its notches 6a vis-à-vis and over the small 3h extensions of the lower crate inserted inside said notches 6a of the upper crate.

The height h1 5 to 35 mm of the small raises 3h above the upper edge 3n of the first reinforcing element and support 3 and the height h2 of said second complementary reinforcing element 5 are such that h1 + h2 is less than or equal to at H the height of the head wall.

These wedging elements 6a and 3h are in addition to the conventional wedging performed by the median notches 6b of the bottom wall and median raised end 2c of the upper edges 2b of the head wall and are particularly suitable for trapezoidal head walls described below.

• une encoche ou découpe 2d à la base de la paroi de tête dans sa partie médiane permettant une préhension manuelle de la cagette, et
• une fente 6b s'étendant dans la direction transversale le long de la ligne de pliage et côté transversal 6₂ de la paroi de fond 6, également située sensiblement en partie médiane de ladite ligne de pliage 6₂.

In fact, median cuts are made by removal of material 9d at the junction of the head walls 2 and bottom walls 6, so as to be able to form, after folding at the line 6 ₂ :

• a notch or cut 2d at the base of the head wall in its middle part allowing manual gripping of the crate, and
• a slot 6b extending in the transverse direction along the fold line and transverse side 6 ₂ of the bottom wall 6, also located substantially in the middle of said fold line 6 ₂ .

At the junction between the head wall portion 2 and its inner flap 4, along the fold line 2b forming the upper edge of the head wall after folding, a 2nd cut is made without removal of material in the forming portion. the internal flap 4 so as to be able to form a raised portion or tip 2c, delimiting an orifice 4b made in the flap 4 after folding of the tip 2c along its cutting line 2e, when the tip 2c is folded in extension of the head wall, that is to say disposed substantially vertically after folding. Thus, the tip 2c, in the middle part of the upper edge 2b of the head wall 2, can be inserted into a notch 6b of an upper crate which is superimposed on it, as described figure 6 .

The edge 3p of the part forming said first reinforcing and supporting element 3, opposite the edge 1b of the part forming said longitudinal wall 1 after making the cut 9b, before folding at the line 2a can comprise, in a preferred embodiment, a hook 3k close to the fold line 2a delimiting a lateral edge of the head wall 2. This hook is a hollow at the lower edge of said longitudinal portion when the latter and the head wall are folded in a vertical position. The off-hook 3k is positioned in alignment with the said riser 3h. Thus, after folding of said first reinforcing element 3, as described below, the insertion of the tongue or enhances 3h of a lower crate inside a slot 6a of a superimposed upper crate, facing with respect to this part of the lower edge of said first reinforcing element 3, will not be hindered by the lower edge 3p of said first reinforcing element and support, and may be inserted into the vacuum created by the hook 3k. Similarly, the riser 3h can also be inserted in the space between the parts 3e and 3i vis-à-vis the lower end of the leg 5 inserted in this same space, especially when the head wall is shaped trapezoidal.

More particularly, the small raised 3h and the off-hook 3k are offset by D1 in the longitudinal direction towards the inside of the crate with respect to the fold line 2a of the head wall and the part forming the first reinforcement 3. The small raises 3h and the hook 3k extend over a length L4 in the longitudinal direction such that L3 = L4 + 2xD1. On the other hand, the notch 6a is offset from D1 with respect to the fold line 6-2 between the bottom wall 6 and the head wall 2.At the notch 6a extends over a longer length D5 at L4 and below L3.

The cutouts 9c extending in the transverse direction by removal of material between the edge 3n, which will become the upper edge of said first support and reinforcement element 3, make it possible to form the riser 3h at the level of said upper edge 3n, of a on the other hand, and make it possible to form said legs 5 at the transverse ends of said inner flap 4.

The portions forming the longitudinal walls 1 are extended in the transverse direction of the sidewall 10a by portions 7 intended to form an internal flap against the inner face of the longitudinal walls 1 by folding at the upper edge 1a of the longitudinal walls 1. At the longitudinal ends of the upper edge 1a of the walls 1, cutouts are made by removal of material 9a extending in the longitudinal direction to define ends of the inner flap in the form of longitudinal tongues 7b foldable at 7c with respect to the medial portion 7a of the flap 7. These tabs 7b are intended to be applied, not directly against the inner face of the longitudinal wall 1, but against the inner face of said first support and reinforcement elements 3 after folding, as described below.

Because the fold lines forming the side edges 2a of the head wall are inclined at an angle α relative to the vertical, the head walls 2 have a trapezoidal shape in a transverse plane. More specifically, the dimension L2 of the upper edge 2b, in the transverse direction YY 'of a head wall, is smaller than the dimension L1 of the lower edge of the head wall or transverse side 6 ₂ of the bottom wall 6, L1-L2 being 5 to 10 mm, such that (L1-L2) / L1 is 1.5 to 3.5% and (L1-L2) / H is about 2 to 5%.

The height H of the head walls (not including the height h1 of the small riser 3h) in the standard crate shown, is 168 mm and the height H1 of the longitudinal side walls 1 is 140 mm. As a result, tg (α) = (L1-L2) / 2H = about 1.5 to 3.5%. h1 is more particularly from 5 to 35 mm. In practice h1 will be less than 1/4 of H2 preferably between 1/10 and 1/4 of H2.

1. 1- On plie à 90°, le long des côtés transversaux 6₂ de la paroi de fond 6, les parties formant parois de tête 2 et premiers éléments de soutien et de renfort 3 en position sensiblement verticale (figure 5A).
2. 2- On plie les parties formant lesdits premiers éléments de soutien et de renfort 3 le long des lignes de pliage 2a formant les bords latéraux des parois de tête 2, de telle sorte que les bords inférieurs 3p des parties formant lesdits premiers éléments de soutien et de renfort 3, dépliés, soient en vis-à-vis de la ligne de pliage des bords longitudinaux 6₁ de la paroi de fond 6 (figure 5B).
3. 3- On plie aussi les parties ou deuxièmes éléments de renfort formant languette ou jambage 5 le long de lignes de pliage 4a s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale aux extrémités transversales de la partie formant rabat 4, de telle sorte que le bord 5a du jambage 5, après pliage à 90°, se trouve en vis-à-vis du bord supérieur 3n de la partie destinée à former ledit premier élément de soutien et de renfort 3 (figure 5B).
4. 4- On réalise le pliage du rabat interne 4 à 90° vers l'intérieur de la cagette, en position sensiblement horizontale, ce pliage étant réalisé le long du bord supérieur 2b de la paroi de tête. Ce pliage du rabat du rabat interne 4 en position horizontal entraîne le pivotement en position sensiblement verticale des deuxièmes éléments de renfort formant jambages 5, qui se trouvent ainsi en vis-à-vis de la face interne d'une dite partie externe 3e, adjacente à la ligne de pliage 2a du premier élément de renfort et de soutien 3 (figure 5C).
5. 5- On plie les parties 3c, 3i et 3t des premiers éléments de renfort 3 au-delà de la première ligne verticale de pliage 3a.
6. 6- On réalise un pliage au niveau de la deuxième ligne verticale de pliage 3b au-delà de la bande 3c séparant les parties 3e et 3i de la partie longitudinale du premier élément de soutien et de renfort 3. La bande 3c se retrouve pliée à 90° par rapport à la partie externe 3e, de telle sorte que la partie interne 3i soit disposée dans la direction longitudinale en vis-à-vis de la face interne du deuxième élément de renfort 5. La troisième ligne verticale de pliage 3j se retrouve disposée dans l'angle de la cagette permettant d'appliquer la dernière bande 3t contre la face interne de la paroi de tête 2 au niveau de son bord latéral 2a dans l'angle de la cagette (figure 5E).
7. 7- On plie, de sensiblement 90°+ α, les parties formant les parois longitudinales 1 et rabat 7 contre les parois externes 3e et bords latéraux 2a de la paroi de tête de forme trapézoïdale (figure 5E).
8. 8- On plie à 90° vers l'extérieur de la cagette les parties longitudinales formant le troisième élément de renfort 7b aux extrémités longitudinales du rabat intérieur 7 des parois longitudinales 1 (figure 5E).
9. 9- On plie à 180° la partie médiane 7a du rabat 7 à l'intérieur de la cagette contre la face interne des parois longitudinales 1, de telle sorte que les parties terminales 7b se trouvent à l'horizontale vers l'intérieur de la cagette (figure 5F).
10. 10- On plie à 90° les troisièmes éléments de renfort 7a de telle sorte qu'ils soient fixés par collage contre la partie interne 3i de la partie longitudinale de chaque premier élément de renfort et de soutien 3 (figure 6).

On the Figures 5A to 5F , various steps are described for setting volume by folding and bonding the sidewall 10a, comprising the following steps.

1. The transverse sides 6 ₂ of the bottom wall 6 are folded at 90 °, the head wall portions 2 and the first support and reinforcement elements 3 in a substantially vertical position ( Figure 5A ).
2. 2- The parts forming said first support and reinforcement elements 3 are folded along the fold lines 2a forming the lateral edges of the head walls 2, so that the lower edges 3p of the parts forming said first support elements and reinforcement 3, unfolded, are vis-à-vis the fold line of the longitudinal edges 6 ₁ of the bottom wall 6 ( Figure 5B ).
3. 3-It is also folded the parts or second reinforcing members forming tongue or leg 5 along fold lines 4a extending in the longitudinal direction at the transverse ends of the flap portion 4, so that the edge 5a of the jamb 5, after folding at 90 °, is opposite the upper edge 3n of the part intended to form said first support and reinforcement element 3 (FIG. Figure 5B ).
4. 4- Folding of the inner flap 4 at 90 ° to the inside of the crate, in substantially horizontal position, this folding being performed along the upper edge 2b of the head wall. This folding of the flap of the internal flap 4 in horizontal position causes the pivoting in substantially vertical position of the second reinforcing elements forming legs 5, which are thus vis-à-vis the inner face of said outer portion 3e, adjacent at the folding line 2a of the first reinforcing and supporting element 3 ( Figure 5C ).
5. The parts 3c, 3i and 3t of the first reinforcement elements 3 are folded beyond the first vertical folding line 3a.
6. 6- Folding is performed at the level of the second vertical line of folding 3b beyond the band 3c separating the parts 3e and 3i of the longitudinal portion of the first support element and reinforcement 3. The band 3c is found folded to 90 ° relative to the outer portion 3e, so that the inner portion 3i is disposed in the longitudinal direction vis-à-vis the inner face of the second reinforcing member 5. The third vertical folding line 3j is found disposed in the angle of the crate for applying the last strip 3t against the inner face of the head wall 2 at its side edge 2a in the corner of the crate ( figure 5E ).
7. 7-Folding, substantially 90 ° + α, the portions forming the longitudinal walls 1 and flap 7 against the outer walls 3e and side edges 2a of the trapezoidal-shaped head wall ( figure 5E ).
8. The longitudinal portions forming the third reinforcing element 7b at the longitudinal ends of the inner flap 7 of the longitudinal walls 1 are folded at 90 ° towards the outside of the crate (FIG. figure 5E ).
9. The median portion 7a of the flap 7 is folded at 180 ° inside the crate against the internal face of the longitudinal walls 1, so that the end portions 7b lie horizontally towards the inside of the casing. crate ( figure 5F ).
10. The third reinforcing elements 7a are folded at 90 ° so that they are fixed by gluing against the internal part 3i of the longitudinal part of each first reinforcement and support element 3 (FIG. figure 6 ).

The portion of the first reinforcing and supporting elements 3 extending above the upper edges 1a of the longitudinal lateral edges 1 of the crate, extends over a height H2 less than H1, preferably H2 is substantially equal to 1 / 2 of H1, about 1/3 of H.

On the Figures 2A and 4A The dimension L3 of said first reinforcing and supporting element 3 in the longitudinal direction is less than 1/2 of H1, preferably less than H2. In practice L3 is equal to about 45 mm. The small dimension of the length L3 is compensated by the complementary reinforcement made by bonding the third reinforcing elements 7b to the longitudinal ends of the inner flap 7 against the internal faces of the first reinforcement and support elements 3.

In a particular embodiment, H2 is less than 1/3 of H1, more particularly still greater than 1/4 of H1.

The height of H1 was limited while keeping a height H1 sufficiently high to contain enough fruit and vegetables inside the crate.

In all cases, it is understood that H2 + h1, the height of the small raises 3h, is less than H1 to be able to nest a first overturned crate inside a second crate with the edges 1a of their longitudinal walls of the two juxtaposed crates abutting each other.

As shown on the figure 7 , the trapezoidal shape of the head walls 2 allows to provide a free space 11 between the longitudinal walls of two juxtaposed crates, at and above the upper edge 1a of the longitudinal edges of said crates. This is particularly advantageous when the crates are full and stacked one above the other and the piles of full crates are juxtaposed against each other, as shown figure 7 , to improve the circulation of air inside the crates. On the other hand, the trapezoidal shape of the head walls 2 helps to solidify, that is to say stiffen the crates, and stabilize the stack of crates stacked stacked one above the other.

On the Figures 8A and 8B , stacks are shown on a pallet 12 of pairs of empty crates, nested one inside the other, and resting on their longitudinal walls 1a ( Figure 8B ), and on their transverse walls or head walls 2 ( figure 8A ).

When the two crates are nested inversely in one another, the edges 1a of their longitudinal edges 1 of the first crate are applied against those of the second crate.

• une première paroi de tête 2₁-1 de la première cagette 10-1 arrive à l'intérieur d'une deuxième cagette 10-2 contre un premier élément de renfort et de soutien 3₂-1 de la première paroi de tête 2₂-1 de la deuxième cagette 10-2, et
• la paroi de tête 2₂-2, à l'opposé dans la direction longitudinale, de la deuxième cagette 10-2 se trouve à l'intérieur de la première cagette, appliquée contre le premier élément de renfort et de soutien 3₁-2 de la deuxième paroi de tête 2₁-2 de la première cagette 10-1.

More specifically, the first crate 10-1 is nested inside the second crate 10-2 so that:

• a first head wall 2 ₁ -1 of the first crate 10-1 arrives inside a second crate 10-2 against a first reinforcing and supporting element 3 ₂ -1 of the first head wall 2 ₂ -1 of the second crate 10-2, and
• the head wall 2 ₂ -2, opposite in the longitudinal direction, of the second crate 10-2 is inside the first crate, applied against the first reinforcing element and support 3 ₁ -2 of the second head wall 2 ₁ -2 of the first crate 10-1.

Thus, the length of the pair of crates, nested one inside the other in the longitudinal direction, is L + L3 ( figure 8A ). And, in the transverse direction ( Figure 8B ), the dimension of the pair of crates is 2xH1, ie [(H1 + H2) + (H1-H2)] equal distance between the bottom 6 ₁ of the first crate 10-1 and the bottom 6 ₂ of the second crate 10-2.

On the Figure 8B , we see how the inverted trapezoidal shape of the two nested crates one into the other facilitates the nesting of two crates and their holding forcefully fitted into one another by pressing one into the other of by inserting the extensions in the notches 6a.

On the Figures 4A and 4B a second embodiment is shown in which the internal flap 4, at the level of the upper part of the inner edge of the head wall 2, comprises a medial portion 4 ₂ applied against said head wall, that is to say say substantially vertically, and only the walls of the lateral ends 4 ₁ of the flap 4 are arranged horizontally at the corners of the crate.

On the figure 1 there is shown an embodiment which is not included in the present invention because it does not make it possible to imbricate the upper part of the head wall extending above the upper edges 1a of the longitudinal walls 1 of the crate, inside a second identical crate so that the edges 1a of the longitudinal walls 1 of a first crate are applied against the edges 1a of the longitudinal walls 1 of a second crate. A first reason is that the outer face of the first reinforcing elements and support angles 3 of the crate is covered by an ear 5 whose outer face arrives in alignment with the outer face of the longitudinal walls. Thus, said first reinforcing and supporting elements 3 of a first crate can not fit inside a second crate between the two inner faces of the medial flaps 7a of two longitudinal walls of the second crate.

It should be noted that, since the sheet of cardboard 10a is made by corrugated cardboard laminate, the inner flap 7a can crash against the inner face of the longitudinal wall 1 so as to allow the interlocking of a second cagette with the outer faces of the longitudinal portions of the first reinforcing elements and support 3 inserted between the inner faces of the flaps 7a of a first crate.

• des parois longitudinales 1 sans rabat interne 7 au niveau du bord supérieur 1a mais toujours avec des dits troisièmes éléments de renfort 7b à ses extrémités ; et
• des premiers éléments de renfort 3 sans rabat et sans pliage sous forme de dièdre décrit ci-dessus ce qui permet de mettre en oeuvre une partie longitudinale de premier élément de renfort s'étendant sur une longueur L3 plus importante avec une surface de chevauchement et donc une surface de collage plus importante avec la paroi longitudinale 1 et avec les dits deuxième et troisième élément de renfort, en l'espèce L3 étant sensiblement de même dimension que la hauteur H1de la paroi 1.

FIGS. 9A and 9B show a simplified version of a crate with:

• longitudinal walls 1 without internal flap 7 at the upper edge 1a but always with said third reinforcing elements 7b at its ends; and
• first reinforcing elements 3 without flap and without bending in the form of dihedron described above which makes it possible to implement a longitudinal portion of first reinforcing element extending over a longer length L3 with an overlapping surface and therefore a larger bonding surface with the longitudinal wall 1 and with said second and third reinforcing element, in this case L3 being substantially of the same dimension as the height H1 of the wall 1.

On the Figures 2A and 4A the notches 6a are shown schematically at the fold lines 6-1, but, advantageously, as shown Figure 9A they must be slightly offset towards the inside of the crate transversely with respect to the fold line 6-1 of the longitudinal wall 1 of D2 at least equal to the thickness of the longitudinal wall 1 increased by that of the first reinforcement 3 or if necessary from its external part 3e.

In practice, D2 remains smaller than the width of the notch 6a. This slight offset of the notches 6a relative to the fold lines 6-1 is advantageous because of the trapezoidal shape of the head wall on the one hand and also to facilitate the cutting of the sheet including laser and the marking of the folds.

Similarly, the fold line 2a between the head wall 2 and the first reinforcement element 3 will be offset by a distance of D2 from the fold line 6-1 between the longitudinal wall 1 and the bottom wall 6. These offsets facilitate the insertion of the riser 3h of a lower crate and vis-à-vis the notch 6a of an upper crate as shown Figure 9B . In the case of Figures 2A and 4A these offsets facilitate the insertion of the 3h extensions of a lower crate between the parts 3 and 3i of the first reinforcements 3 through the voids unhooked 3k of a superimposed upper crate, this all the more so if the head walls 2 are trapezoidal.

The various models number 1 to 9 of different sizes and with different types of reinforcement listed in Table A below were made.

• Desdites parois de tête de forme trapézoïdale, et
• Desdits premiers éléments de renfort 3 avec desdites rehausse 3h et desdits décroché 3k, et
• Desdits deuxièmes éléments de renfort 5, et
• Desdits troisièmes éléments de renfort 8 ou 7b.

In all embodiments, the crates comprise:

• Said trapezoidally shaped head walls, and
• Said first reinforcing elements 3 with said raises 3h and said hooks 3k, and
• Said second reinforcing elements 5, and
• Said third reinforcing elements 8 or 7b.

• Repliement avec undit premier rabas interne dudit premier élément de renfort 3, le cas échéant avec deux dites première et deuxième partie forme en dièdre, et
• Ledit deuxième rabat interne 7 desdites parois longitudinales, et
• La continuité sur toute la largeur L2 de la paroi de tête dudit rabat supérieur ou barrette 4.

On the other hand, the following characteristics are optional:

• Folding with undit first internal flap of said first reinforcing element 3, where appropriate with two said first and second part forming dihedron, and
• Said second internal flap 7 of said longitudinal walls, and
• The continuity over the entire width L2 of the head wall of said upper flap or bar 4.

Models that do not include a bar 4 extending over the entire width L2 of the upper edge of the wall 7 (but only at the corners and extended by a said second single reinforcement element, comprises to compensate for said first internal flaps of first reinforcing element 3 if necessary with a dihedral and / or said second longitudinal wall flap with said third reinforcement elements at its ends.

In the model 03, said internal parts 3i and external parts 3e of the longitudinal part of the first reinforcing element 3 are not parallel and form an angle, said internal part being extended by a said second flat part 3t (dihedron) to reinforce the support of the head wall.

Said third simple reinforcement elements correspond to a height of the element 7b or 8 less than the height of said second internal flap 7i see and / or of said longitudinal wall 1 while the third reinforcing element mentioned as being double, s' extends substantially over the entire height of the second inner flap and said longitudinal wall 1.

This compensates for the absence of bar 4 over the entire width L2 on the one hand and secondly the absence of said second inner flap 7 and said third single reinforcement element.

Model 9 corresponds to the Figure 2A .

Models 5 and 7 correspond to the Figure 4A .

Models 8, 6 and 4 correspond to the Figure 9A .

Model 2 corresponds to model 7 with a third reinforcing element extending over the entire height of the longitudinal wall and the second inner flap 7.

Models 03, 01 and 07 are not shown.

Model 07 corresponds to the Figure 4A but with a third double reinforcement element instead of a third simple reinforcement element.

Claims (15)

Cardboard crate (10) made by folding an integral cardboard sheet (10a) comprising cutouts (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d), such that, once folded said sheet (10a), said crate comprises a rectangular bottom wall (6) whose long sides (6 ₁ ), in the longitudinal direction (XX '), are surmounted after folding by two vertical longitudinal walls (1) extending in the longitudinal direction (XX') of the crate and whose short sides (6 ₂ ) are surmounted by two transverse walls (2), called head walls, extending in the transverse direction (YY ') perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (XX'), the height H said head walls (2) being greater than the height H1 of the longitudinal walls (1), first reinforcing elements and support (3) rising above the bottom wall (6), respectively in each four angles inside said crate, each said first reinforcing member and s support (3) comprising a longitudinal part bearing on said bottom wall having a flat outer face (3e) extending over a length L3 in the longitudinal direction, of height (H1 + H2) at least equal to that (H ) said head walls, said longitudinal walls (1) being folded and fixed, preferably by gluing, against the lower portions of said outer faces (3e) of said longitudinal portions of said first reinforcing and supporting elements (3), the part upper of said outer face (3e) of each said longitudinal portion of a said first reinforcing element and support (3) extending above the upper edge (1a) substantially horizontal of said longitudinal wall bent against a lower part of said outer face (3e) on a height H2 less than H1, preferably less than or equal to 1/2 of H1, more preferably H2 being greater than or equal to about 1/4 of H1, the distance between the two outer lateral faces (3c) of the upper portions of said first reinforcing and supporting elements (3) extending above said longitudinal walls (1) being less than the distance between the two outer faces of the two said longitudinal walls of the crate (1), characterized in that the upper edge (3n) of said longitudinal portion of each first reinforcing element and support (3) comprises a small riser (3h) forming a height difference h1 with respect to said upper edge (3n), preferably H2 + h1 being less than H1, preferably h1 being between 1/10 of H2 and 1/4 of H2, and said bottom wall (6) comprises at least four notches (6a) extending in said longitudinal direction, said notches of a first said rack being able to be traversed by said small extensions (3h) of a second said identical crate on which said first crate is stacked, and able to wedge them so that the bottom wall (6) of a said first crate rests on the upper edges (3n) on the other side of said extensions of said first reinforcing elements and support (3) ) of a said second crate. Cagette according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower edges (3p) of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcing elements and support (3) each have a hook (3k) adapted to allow the insertion of a said riser (3h ) of a said second crate in said stall (3k) after passing through a said notch (6a) of a said first superimposed upper crate. Cagette according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has, in section in a vertical transverse plane, a trapezoidal shape, the two lateral edges (2a) of each head wall (2) being slightly inclined at an angle α relative to the vertical and said longitudinal walls (1a) also being slightly inclined at the same inclination towards the inside of the crate, and said longitudinal portions of the first reinforcing and supporting elements (3) being slightly inclined by an angle α with respect to the vertical substantially of the same inclination, with preferably tg (α) = 1% to 5%. Cagette according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that : the longitudinal part of each first reinforcing element and support (3) is folded back on itself and comprises an outer part having said external face (3e) and an inner part (3i) forming a first internal folded flap in with respect to the inner face of said outer portion (3e), said small extension extending above the upper edge (3n) of said outer portion (3e), and each said notch (6a) is offset (D2) in the transverse direction vis-à-vis the space between said internal part (3i) and external part (3e) of longitudinal part of the first reinforcing element and support (3e). Cagette according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each said head wall (2) extends, at its two lateral ends (2a) in the transverse direction, respectively, by two first reinforcing elements and support (3) rising above the bottom wall (6) after folding at the side edges (2a) of said head wall and folding at the small sides (6 ₂ ) of said bottom wall. Cagette according to claim 5, characterized in that each said first reinforcing element and support (3) has a dihedral shape with a first portion in the longitudinal direction consisting of said outer portion (3e) and inner portion (3i) forming a first internal flap folded facing said outer portion (3e), and a second portion (3t) in the transverse direction applied against the inner surface of a said head wall (2) with a fold line (3j) demarcating the two said first and second parts of the dihedron. Cagette according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each said head wall (2) is extended by an upper flap (4) folded at least a portion of the upper edge (2b) substantially horizontal of said inward head wall of said rack, at least in part constituting a horizontal top flap folded substantially at 90 ° to said head wall, said upper horizontal flap (4, 4 ₁ ) extending at each lateral end in the transverse direction (YY ') by a part, called second complementary reinforcing element (5), folded vertically against an inner face (3i) of said part longitudinal of said first reinforcing element and support (3), preferably inserted between an outer portion (3e) and an inner portion (3i) of each said longitudinal of each said first reinforcing element and support (3) folded the one vis-à-vis the other, preferably the height h1 of the small extension (3h) above the upper edge (3n) of the first reinforcing element and support (3) and the height h2 of said second complementary reinforcing element (5) being such that h1 + h2 is less than or equal to H the height of the head wall. Cagette according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each longitudinal wall (1) comprises two longitudinal end portions, cut in the form of strips or tongues of height less than that of said longitudinal wall (1), forming third reinforcing elements (8,7b) fixed, preferably bonded, to the inner face (3i) of said longitudinal portion of each said first reinforcing and supporting member (3). Cagette according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that each longitudinal wall (1) comprises a second inner flap (7) folded at the upper edge (1a) of said longitudinal wall towards the inside of the crate said second inner flap (7) comprising a medially fixed portion (7a), preferably bonded, against the inner face of the middle portion of said longitudinal wall, and two said longitudinal end portions, forming said third elements of reinforcement (7b) extending preferably over the entire height of said second flap and preferably over substantially the entire height of said longitudinal wall. Cagette according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said upper flap (4), folded at the upper edge (2b) of the head wall towards the inside of the crate, extends horizontally and continuously between its two said vertical lateral parts or second complementary reinforcing elements (5). Cagette according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the dimension L3 in the longitudinal direction of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcing element and support (3) is less than 1/2 of H1 and preferably less than the height H2 of said first reinforcing and supporting element (3) extending above a said longitudinal wall (1). Method of stacking crates according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the crates are stacked by arranging the bottom walls (6) of the different crates parallel to each other and without offset in the transverse direction (YY ') of each stack of crates. Method of stacking crates according to claim 12, characterized in that empty crates are stacked by stacking pairs of crates (10-1, 10-2) nested one inside the other, such as the part of a first head wall (2 ₁ -1) above the longitudinal walls of a first crate (10-1) is introduced inside a second crate (10-2) with the edges (1a). ) longitudinal walls (1) of the first crate applied against the edges of the longitudinal walls of the second crate, and with the outer face of said first head wall (2 ₁ -1) of the first crate (10-1) to inside the second crate applied against the first reinforcing and supporting elements (3, 3 ₂ -1) of a first head wall (2 ₂ -1) of the second crate (10-2), the second head wall (2 ₁ -2) of the first crate (10-1) being located outside said second crate (10-2) so that the first ones reinforcement and support elements (3, 3 ₁ -2) of the second head wall (2 ₁ -2) of the first crate (10-1) are applied against the outer face of the second head wall (2 ₂ -2) of the second crate (10-2) inside the first crate. Method of stacking crates according to claim 12, characterized in that stacked empty or full crates are stacked in the same direction, the longitudinal walls (1) of the crates of a first stack being juxtaposed against the longitudinal walls of the cagettes of a second stack, the head walls (2) of said crates being trapezoidal in shape and thus providing a gap (11) between the upper edges (1a) of two crates at the same height of two juxtaposed piles. A method of stacking crates according to claim 14, characterized in that said notches (6a) of said first crate are traversed by said small risers (3h) of said second crate stacked over said first cagette, preferably said small risers (3h) being inserted in unhooked (3k) recessed lower edges (3p) of said longitudinal portion of said first reinforcing elements and support (3) of said first crate, said unhooked being adapted to allow the insertion of said extensions (3h) of a said second lower crate into the void of said unhooked (3k) after passing through said notches (6a) of said first superimposed upper crate, preferably each said small riser (3h) being inserted between said outer portion (3e) and inner portion (3i) of each said first reinforcing member (3) folded facing each other of the ladit the first crate.

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