EP2739931B1 - Manoeuvres cartridge device and self-loading firearm suitable therefor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a maneuver cartridge device for use on a self-loading firearm, comprising a barrel which extends from a cartridge chamber to an orifice, with a catcher arranged on the outlet side for catching a projectile.

A maneuver cartridge device is from the EP 1 490 644 B1 known. The catcher is used to hold bullets of live ammunition, which can be fired accidentally in maneuver operation instead of maneuver cartridges in disregard of safety regulations and bypassing safety devices.

The collecting device is usually integrated in the maneuver cartridge device.

It has been found that, especially in self-loading firearms with high cadences of up to 1,200 rounds per minute, in the case of inadvertent firing of live ammunition, a large number of shots can be fired before a shooter can react and stop shooting.

In view of the safety of the shooter and his environment, and also in view of the endeavor not to damage or destroy the self-loading firearm in an accidental firing live ammunition, the present invention seeks to provide a maneuver cartridge device, which is a safe Handling a self-loading firearm in the event of accidental firing of sharp cartridges allows.

This object is achieved in a Manöverpatroneneinrichtung of the aforementioned type according to the invention that the barrel has a first running section, which adjoins the cartridge chamber and has adapted to the caliber of the projectile first cross-section, and that the barrel has a second running section, the adjoins the first running section and has an enlarged compared to the first cross section second cross section.

In the maneuver cartridge device according to the invention it is provided to replace the intended for operation with live ammunition run a self-loading firearm for maneuvering against a "maneuver cartridge run". According to the invention, such a barrel has a first barrel section which is "caliber-sized" (thus allowing the passage of a bullet of a sharp cartridge), and also a second barrel section having a larger cross-section than the first barrel section.

The first running section allows the passage of a missile accidentally fired, so that it can be introduced from the cartridge chamber into the second running section. The enlargement of the cross section in the region of the second running section makes it possible for the propellant gases to overtake the projectile within the second running section and not be fully available for propelling the projectile, whereby it is no longer significantly accelerated until impact with the collecting device, and hits with a reduced impact impulse. Compared to a continuous caliber-sized barrel can be reduced in this way, the kinetic energy of the projectile upon impact with the catcher by about 80%.

The invention makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks that can result from constrictions on the cartridge neck of a maneuver cartridge storage, which are intended to prevent that bullets can be charged and fired with bullet. Due to the high kinetic energy of closing machine gun closures there is a risk that inadvertently supplied sharp cartridges are completely fed by pressing the bullets in the sleeve neck and that the loaded with these "pressed charge cartridges" weapons can be fired together with the projectile forward supported anyway a bullet blasting, weapon damage and a significant shooter risk.

In contrast, it is provided in the context of the invention that a bullet freely leaves a cartridge chamber and after passage of the first run section in the second run section only as small as possible accelerated and finally collected by the catcher.

The second running section forms an expansion space for propellant gases. The cross section of the second running section is oversized, ie, for example, has a diameter which is preferably at least 1 mm, in particular at least 2 mm greater than the diameter of the first run section, which is only slightly larger than the nominal caliber of the self-loading firearm, in particular of the machine gun ,

For the most effective reduction of the projectile acceleration of a projectile, it is advantageous if the second running section is longer than the first running section. In particular, it is preferred if the first running section is a multiple shorter than the second running section.

So that the second running section can be made as long as possible and a correspondingly large expansion space for propellant gases can be created, it is preferred if the first running section is as short as possible. However, it is preferred that the first running section has a minimum length which is dimensioned such that the tip of a maneuver cartridge does not protrude into the second running section in the state of the maneuver cartridge inserted in the chamber of the cartridge. This has the advantage that, after ignition of the maneuvering cartridge, the beaded and radially outwardly unfolding cartridge tip can still be supported within the first running section by the running surface of the first running section. This prevents the cartridge tip from folding into the second barrel section, possibly accompanied by a disability in the extraction of the cartridge from the cartridge chamber.

The first running section may have a smooth running surface or a running surface which is provided with fields and trains.

In particular, it is preferred if the second running section is hollow cylindrical throughout, so that propellant gases can flow past the entire circumference of an unintentionally fired projectile.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the barrel in the region of the second running section has a gas outlet for driving a self-loading device of a self-loading firearm and that the catching device has a catching body with a collecting surface, which is arranged adjacent to the gas outlet, so that the gas outlet can be blocked by means of a projectile collected by the catcher. In particular, the gas outlet is blockable by means of a single projectile, in less preferred embodiments by means of at most two or three projectiles. The blocking of the gas outlet has the advantage that the self-loading operation of a self-loading firearm is interrupted. This is because the bullet material contained in the unintentionally fired projectile, for example lead, deforms upon impact with the catcher body and the deformed material blocks the gas outlet.

Advantageously, the collecting surface of the collecting body is flush or at least substantially flush with a mouth-side boundary of the gas outlet, in order to realize a particularly reliable blocking function.

The collecting surface is flat in the simplest case and in particular circular. For a "smoother" collection of a projectile, it is possible that the collecting surface has a recess for at least partially receiving a projectile.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the collecting body is arranged within a mouth-side part of the barrel (in contrast to the prior art, that is not arranged outside the barrel). The arrangement of the collecting body within the barrel allows a particularly simple positioning of the above-described collecting surface adjacent to a gas outlet for driving a self-loading device.

In the simplest case, the collecting body is fastened to the barrel by means of a screw connection, for example by means of a union nut. But it is also possible that the collecting body by means of a mouth of the Run superior maneuver cartridge attachment or by means of a muzzle fire damper attached to the barrel or fastened.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the collecting device comprises a display element which is movable relative to the barrel by means of a projectile and in this way indicates the collection of a projectile.

Preferably, the display element is movable in the weft direction, so that the kinetic energy of a projectile can be used to drive the display element. The display element has the advantage that a shooter in case of failure can determine immediately whether this fault is due to the accidental firing of live ammunition with the security maneuver cartridge tube.

In addition, such a display element for an investigation of the causes of damage to the weapon or a security incident during firing with maneuver ammunition is an immediate indicator that unjustifiably sharp ammunition has been fired with this Sicherheitsmanöverpatronenrohr.

The invention further relates to a self-loading firearm, in particular a machine gun, with an above-operated maneuver cartridge device.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of preferred embodiments.

• Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt einer ersten Ausführungsformeiner Manöverpatroneneinrichtung mit leerem Patronenlager;
• Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Manöverpatroneneinrichtung bei Verwendung einer Manöverpatrone;
• Fig. 3 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung bei Verwendung einer scharfen Patrone;
• Fig. 4 einen Längsschnitt einer Ausführungsform einer Auffangeinrichtung in einem Ausgangszustand eines Anzeigeelements; und
• Fig. 5 eine der Fig. 4 entsprechende Darstellung in einem ausgelösten Zustand des Anzeigeelements.

In the drawings show:

• Fig. 1 a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a maneuver cartridge device with empty cartridge chamber;
• Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a maneuver cartridge device using a maneuver cartridge;
• Fig. 3 one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation when using a sharp cartridge;
• Fig. 4 a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a collecting device in an initial state of a display element; and
• Fig. 5 one of the Fig. 4 corresponding representation in a triggered Condition of the display element.

An embodiment of a maneuver cartridge device is in the FIGS. 1 to 3 represented and designated there by the reference numeral 10. The maneuver cartridge device 10 comprises a barrel 12, which extends from a cartridge chamber 14 to a mouth side 16.

Approximately at the level of the cartridge chamber 14, a carrying handle 18 is provided, which is connected to the barrel 12. At the mouth side, the maneuver cartridge device 10 has a collecting device 20 for catching a projectile.

The barrel 12 has a first barrel portion 22 adjoining the cartridge chamber 14 and a second barrel portion 24 adjoining the first barrel portion 22. The running sections 22 and 24 are in particular aligned concentrically with each other.

The first running section 22 has a running surface 26 with fields 28 and trains 30. The tread 26 defines a cross-section 32 which matches the nominal caliber of a self-loading firearm for which the maneuver cartridge assembly 10 is provided. The first running section 22 with its running surface 26 extends over a comparatively short distance. However, the first running section is at least as long that a tip 27 of a cartridge cartridge 45 inserted into the chamber 14 (cf. Fig. 2 ) does not protrude into the second running section 24.

The second running section 24 has a preferably continuous cylindrical and smooth running surface 34, which delimits a second cross section 36. The second cross-section 36 has a diameter which is at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm larger than the diameter of the first cross-section 32.

Preferably, the second cross section 36 along the entire course of the second running section 24 is greater than the first cross section 32 of the first running section 22.

The second running section 24 is many times longer than the first running section 22.

The collecting device 20 of the maneuver cartridge device 10 according to FIG. 1 has a collecting body 38, which is integrated in a maneuver cartridge attachment 40. The maneuver cartridge attachment 40 is connected to the barrel 12 in the region of the mouth 16.

The collecting body 38 has a cartridge chamber 14 facing collecting surface 42, which is provided with a recess 44.

The maneuver cartridge device 10 is preferably marked in color. For a maneuver operation, the maneuver cartridge device 10 is inserted into a self-loading firearm instead of the original weapon barrel. When using maneuver cartridges the propellant gases generated by means of a maneuver cartridge 45 are used to discharge them at a gas outlet 46 of a gas take-off device 48. The gas take-off device 48 serves to drive a self-loading device of the self-loading firearm, so that a series of maneuver cartridges can be fired automatically.

Will the in FIG. 1 shown maneuver cartridge device 10 unintentionally with a sharp cartridge (reference numeral 49, see FIG. FIG. 3 ), after firing a shot, the bullet / projectile of the sharp cartridge 49 passes through the caliber-sized first barrel portion 22 and the second, expanded barrel portion 24, and finally dips into the recess 44 of the trap body 38.

The collecting device 20 of the maneuver cartridge device 10 according to Figures 2 and 3 is unlike the in FIG. 1 illustrated catcher 20 modified so that a collecting body 50 is provided, which is arranged within the barrel 12.

In this way, the collecting surface 42 of the collecting body 50 moves further in the direction of the cartridge chamber 14. It is provided that the collecting surface 42 is disposed immediately adjacent to a mouth-side boundary 52 of the gas outlet 46. The offset of the collection surface 42 from the boundary 52 toward the mouth 16 is preferably between about 0 mm and about 10 mm.

For a more gentle reception of a projectile, it is preferred if the collecting surface 42 is provided with a centrally arranged depression 44. For the most reliable blocking of the gas outlet 46 by means of the projectile of a sharp cartridge 49, it is preferred if the collecting surface 42 is flat and has no recess 44.

To fix the collecting body 50 on the barrel 12, the collecting body 50 in the region of the mouth 16 on a radial extension 54, which cooperates with an annular receptacle 56 of the barrel 12. As seen in the weft direction forward of the collecting body 50 is secured by means of the maneuver cartridge attachment 40 on the barrel 12.

In normal operation of the maneuver cartridge device 10 according to Figures 2 and 3 With maneuver cartridges propellant gas is supplied by means of the gas outlet 46 of the gas take-off device 48 and a known per se and therefore not shown self-loading device of the self-loading firearm. If a sharp cartridge 49 is unintentionally fired, the projectile passes through the running sections 22 and 24 and then hits the collecting surface 50 of the collecting body 50 already at the level of the gas outlet 46 or in the firing direction, so that the projectile material deforms and blocks the gas outlet 46. Thus, the self-charging operation of the self-loading firearm is interrupted.

In the FIGS. 4 and 5 a further embodiment of a collecting device 20 is shown, which comprises a collecting body 38, 50. The collecting body is provided in the region of a collecting surface 42 with a recess 44.

Between the collecting surface 42 and one of the collecting surface 42 opposite end 58 of the collecting device 20 is a particular centrally disposed bore 60 is provided, which adjoins the recess 44 and opens at the back 62 of a display element 64. The display element 64 is displaceably mounted within a guide sleeve 66 in the weft direction. The display element 64 has a guide sleeve 66 penetrating display section 68.

Starting from the in FIG. 4 illustrated starting position of the display element 64 causes a collision of a projectile on the collecting surface 42 a projectile deformation, wherein at least parts of the deformed projectile on the recess 44 and the bore 60 on the back 62 of the display element 64 act so that it is driven in the weft direction forward and the Display section 68 pushed out of the guide sleeve 66 and thus from the lateral direction for a shooter is visible (see. FIG. 5 ).

Claims (10)

1. Blank round device (10) for use in a self-loading firearm, having a barrel (12) which extends from a firing chamber (14) to a muzzle (16), having a trapping device (20), arranged at the muzzle end, to trap a bullet, characterised in that the barrel (12) has a first barrel portion (22) which follows on from the firing chamber (14) and which is of a first cross-section (32) matched to the calibre of the bullet, and in that the barrel has a second barrel portion (24) which follows on from the first barrel portion (22) and which is of a second cross-section (36) which is enlarged in comparison with the first cross-section (32).
2. Blank round device (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the second barrel portion (24) is longer than the first barrel portion (22).
3. Blank round device (10) according to either of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first barrel portion (22) is of a minimum length so sized that, when a blank round (45) is in the state where it is inserted in the firing chamber (14), the tip (27) of the blank round (45) does not project into the second barrel portion (24).
4. Blank round device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second barrel portion (24) is a hollow cylinder.
5. Blank round device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the barrel (12) has, in the region of the second barrel portion (24), a gas outlet (46) to drive a self-loading mechanism of a self-loading firearm, and in that the trapping device (20) has a trapping body (50) having a trapping surface (42) which is arranged adjacent to the gas outlet (46), the gas outlet (46) thus being able to be blocked by means of a bullet trapped by the trapping device (20).
6. Blank round device (10) according to claim 5, characterised in that the trapping surface (42) has a depression (44) to receive at least a proportion of a bullet.
7. Blank round device (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the trapping body (50) is arranged inside a part of the barrel (12) which is at the muzzle end.
8. Blank round device (10) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the trapping body (50) is or can be fastened to the barrel (12) by means of a blank round attachment (40) which projects beyond the muzzle (16) of the barrel (12).
9. Blank round device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the trapping device (20) has an indicator member (64) which can be moved relative to the barrel (12) by means of a bullet and in this way indicates the trapping of a bullet.
10. Self-loading firearm, and in particular a machine gun, having a blank round device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

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