EP2728905B1 - Agencement de circuit et procédé de vérification d'un microphone ainsi que système de fonctionnement d'un microphone doté d'un tel agencement de circuit - Google Patents

Agencement de circuit et procédé de vérification d'un microphone ainsi que système de fonctionnement d'un microphone doté d'un tel agencement de circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2728905B1
EP2728905B1 EP13187699.7A EP13187699A EP2728905B1 EP 2728905 B1 EP2728905 B1 EP 2728905B1 EP 13187699 A EP13187699 A EP 13187699A EP 2728905 B1 EP2728905 B1 EP 2728905B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
microphone
circuit arrangement
stage
circuit
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EP13187699.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2728905A3 (fr
EP2728905A2 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Eimertenbrink
Joerg Oberlaender
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2728905A3 publication Critical patent/EP2728905A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement and a method for testing a microphone.
  • the invention further relates to a system for operating a microphone with such a circuit arrangement.
  • a method for functional testing of a microphone and a Mikrofonprüf consensus are known.
  • at least one speaker is arranged in a fixed assignment to the microphone and assigned a test signal whose signal frequency is within the working frequency range of the microphone.
  • the phase difference between the microphone output signal and the test signal is measured and compared with a setpoint. If the phase difference is within a tolerance range of the setpoint, then the functionality of the microphone is affirmative, in the other case it is negated.
  • the method is suitable for automating the testing process, which can be triggered and evaluated by a microphone remote location.
  • the known method it should be possible, in particular in sound measuring systems in which a large number of microphones are used unmanned, such as sound systems for the location of sound events, at the same time the functionality of several individual microphones at different Before the sound measuring system is put into operation, it must also be checked during operation, so that the measurement result is not falsified by defective microphones.
  • at least three substantially identical loudspeakers are arranged at the same distance around the microphone and at the same distance from each other and occupied by the test signal. By multiplying the loudspeakers, it is possible to compensate for errors caused by different wind directions in microphones installed outdoors.
  • the device detects a speaker abnormality by identifying the operating state of the speaker when the supply voltage is turned on or off, when switching from a standby state to a playback mode, or when performing a functional test.
  • the device generates an audio signal having a frequency higher than a certain frequency, outputs the audio signal to the speaker, and determines that the speaker is not functioning properly when the level of a feedback frequency signal is lower than a reference level. If it is determined that the speaker is not working properly, the supply voltage is interrupted and the risk of a fire outbreak is correspondingly reduced.
  • An arrangement for checking a loudspeaker line is known.
  • An audio signal from an audio signal source is amplified in an amplifier, and the amplified audio signal is transmitted via a loudspeaker line to a plurality of mutually parallel speakers.
  • a test signal from a digital signal processor containing a frequency near the lowest frequency of the human auditory spectrum and / or a frequency near the highest frequency of the human auditory spectrum is combined with the audio signal in a combiner and transmitted to the loudspeaker line.
  • the digital signal processor compares the composite impedance with a threshold to detect line breaks or a drop in the impedance of the loudspeaker line.
  • a measuring circuit for measuring an electrostatic capacitance comprises an AC generator, a first operational amplifier whose non-inverting input terminal is connected to a certain potential (in this example: ground potential), a second operational amplifier including a voltage follower, a (first) resistor connected between the AC voltage generator and an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier, a (second) resistor connected between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and an output terminal of the second operational amplifier, and an impedance element (a capacitor) connected between an output terminal of the first operational amplifier and a non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier Operational amplifier is connected.
  • a certain potential in this example: ground potential
  • a second operational amplifier including a voltage follower
  • a (first) resistor connected between the AC voltage generator and an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier
  • a (second) resistor connected between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and an output terminal of the second operational amplifier
  • an impedance element a capacitor
  • a capacitance to be measured is between the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier and the specific potential (here: ground potential) connected.
  • the measuring circuit and the electrostatic capacitance to be measured are arranged closely adjacent to one another, since the line stray capacitances must be kept low for a sufficiently accurate result of the measurement of the electrostatic capacitance.
  • the invention has the object to provide a circuit arrangement and a method for testing a microphone, which reduce the required circuit complexity.
  • the invention also has the object of providing a system for operating a microphone with such a circuit arrangement in which such a method can be used.
  • a circuit arrangement for testing a microphone comprising at least a test signal generating stage, by which the microphone can be acted upon by a test AC voltage, and an evaluation stage, the one tapped by the microphone measurement signal, in particular after a pre-amplification, as well as a setpoint signal can be supplied and which is designed to output a information about a possible defect of the microphone containing result signal.
  • the evaluation stage for detecting an amplitude of the measurement signal, for forming therefrom an amplitude signal and for comparing the amplitude signal with the desired value signal and for generating the result signal from this comparison is configured.
  • the evaluation stage can be used both for analog and for digital signal processing and signal evaluation.
  • the invention enables a fast, simple and precise testing of the microphone with little circuit complexity.
  • the expensive, voluminous and energy dissipating loudspeakers used in the above-cited prior art are replaced by a very compact, simply constructed circuit arrangement, which is also combined in such a way by structural, in particular semiconductor integration, preferably with other assemblies connected to the microphone can, that an additional space requirement practically no longer appears.
  • the operation of the circuit arrangement according to the invention causes only a minimal power consumption.
  • the use of a test AC voltage also allows a simple separation between the measurement signal and DC currents in the microphone and thus allows easy measurement without offset error.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that the test signal generating stage is configured to apply the test AC voltage to the microphone via at least one series impedance. This is preferably at least one high-impedance series impedance.
  • a current feed is effected in the microphone, so that as a measurement signal directly caused by the test AC voltage AC voltage can be tapped at microphone connections.
  • a supply of the test alternating voltage that takes place in this way is short-circuit proof.
  • different error cases of the microphone which make themselves noticeable as idling at the microphone terminals, as a short circuit between the microphone terminals or as a short circuit between at least one of the microphone terminals and ground, can be precisely and uniquely detected by evaluating the measurement signal.
  • the test signal generating stage for generating at least one designed largely rectangular test AC voltage.
  • a rectangular test AC voltage can be further processed both with analog and with digital signal processing and is also by a device processor, by the circuit arrangement according to the invention and other modules, with which the microphone can be coupled in a system for audio signal processing, controllable, simple and preferred digitally generated.
  • the evaluation stage comprises a rectifier arrangement for rectifying the measurement signal, in particular the measurement signal after a preamplification. This allows a simple determination of the amplitude signal, in particular for analog processing of the measurement signal.
  • the evaluation stage comprises a comparison circuit for comparing the amplitude signal with the desired value signal and for generating the result signal from this comparison, and the comparison circuit is designed to generate the result signal containing information about a possible defect of the microphone Amplitude signal by a predetermined difference is greater or less than the setpoint signal.
  • the amplitude signal is thus compared with a tolerance range for the setpoint signal. If the value of the amplitude signal falls within this tolerance range, a perfect function of the microphone is detected. By contrast, if the value of the amplitude signal lies outside, ie below or above this tolerance range, a faulty function or a defect of the microphone is detected. At a line break or contact break, which is idle, the amplitude signal assumes values above the tolerance range. At a Short circuit between the microphone terminals, the amplitude signal assumes values below the tolerance range of the setpoint signal.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is advantageously characterized by a microphone preamplifier stage whose input is connected to the microphone and its output both to the evaluation stage and to an audio signal processing circuit and which is adapted to selectively amplify the measurement signal or one from the microphone delivered audio useful signal. Since such a microphone preamplifier stage is generally provided anyway in connection with an audio signal processing circuit, no additional circuit complexity is required for the amplification of the measurement signal.
  • microphone preamplifier stages are preferably designed to be DC-coupled by the design of the microphone. This results in no additional circuit complexity for the acquisition of the measurement signal at the same time with a separation between DC or DC components on the microphone and the output from the microphone audio signal useful also a separation of the measurement signal from the DC or DC components and thus a suppression of possible offset error.
  • the evaluation stage is comprised by the audio signal processing circuit. This is preferably advantageous in the case of digital audio signal processing, because this means that already existing modules can be used twice and in this way circuit expenditure is saved.
  • a system for operating a microphone in particular a dynamic microphone, at least comprising a microphone for outputting an audio payload signal, an audio signal processing circuit for processing the audio payload signal and an audio signal reproduction device, the system comprising a circuit arrangement of the type described above for testing the microphone.
  • the system may comprise further subassemblies which serve for the processing or forwarding of an audio user signal processed in the audio signal processing circuit, for example a telephone unit for transmitting the audio user signal recorded by the microphone into a telephone connection.
  • FIG. 1 includes a circuit arrangement 100 for testing a microphone 110, in particular a dynamic microphone, a test signal generating stage 120, by the microphone 110 with a test AC voltage, preferably in the low frequency range, can be acted upon.
  • the circuit arrangement 100 comprises an evaluation stage 130, to which a measurement signal, which can be tapped off by the microphone 110, can be fed via a measurement signal input 131 as well as a setpoint signal via a setpoint signal input 132.
  • the evaluation stage 130 is configured to output a result signal containing information about a possible defect of the microphone 110 on a result signal output 133.
  • the above elements are part of a system for operating the microphone 110, which, in addition to the microphone 110 for outputting an audio useful signal, also comprises an audio signal processing circuit 150 for processing the audio useful signal.
  • an audio signal playback device 160 or further modules may be included, which are for processing or forwarding an audio payload signal processed in the audio signal processing circuit 150, for example a telephone unit 170 for transmitting the audio payload signal picked up by the microphone 110 into a telephone connection. This in FIG.
  • the system shown also comprises a microphone preamplifier stage 180, whose input formed by two input terminals 181, 182 is connected to the microphone 110 and its output 183 to both the evaluation stage 130 and the audio signal processing circuit 150 and which is adapted to selectively amplify the measurement signal or an output from the microphone 110 audio useful signal.
  • a microphone preamplifier stage 180 whose input formed by two input terminals 181, 182 is connected to the microphone 110 and its output 183 to both the evaluation stage 130 and the audio signal processing circuit 150 and which is adapted to selectively amplify the measurement signal or an output from the microphone 110 audio useful signal.
  • the test signal generation stage 120 includes a signal source 121 which outputs a rectangular control voltage.
  • the signal source 121 is connected to an input terminal 122 of a transistor network, which is designed as a switch.
  • a transistor network which is designed as a switch.
  • a first transistor 123 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 implemented as a PNP transistor
  • a second transistor 124 designed as an NPN transistor, as switches, which are connected in series with a first and a second series impedance 125, 126 and the microphone 110 between a supply voltage terminal 127 and ground 128.
  • a third transistor 129 designed as an NPN transistor, forms a voltage inverter for reversing the control voltage to be supplied to the first transistor 123 at its base terminal from the input terminal 122.
  • the base terminals of the three transistors 123, 124 and 129 are connected to resistor voltage dividers for operating point adjustment.
  • the first and second transistors 123, 124 are alternately both conducting or non-conducting.
  • the microphone 110 is acted upon at its terminals by a test alternating voltage varying with the rectangular control voltage.
  • FIG. 2 shows as a section of FIG. 1 in a simplified representation, the series connection of the two series impedances 125, 126 and the microphone 110 between the supply voltage terminal 127 and ground 128.
  • the transistors 123, 124 are assumed to be in the conductive state befind Anlagen and therefore not shown.
  • UP designated test voltage which is preferably a test AC voltage.
  • the current caused by it through the series connection generates between the terminals of the microphone 110 a tapped from these terminals measurement signal UM.
  • the resistance values of the series impedances 125, 126 are high relative to the internal resistance of the microphone 110.
  • the microphone 110 can be impressed with a defined test current, which is preferably a test alternating current, even with a low current intensity to the extent that the type of microphone 110 has such a current intensity allows.
  • the terminals of the microphone 110 are connected to the input terminals 181 and 182 of the microphone preamplifier stage 180, respectively.
  • the input terminals 181, 182 are each connected via a coupling capacitor 184, 185 and an input resistor 186, 187 to inputs of an operational amplifier 188, which is connected to two RC elements 189, 190 and whose output terminal is the output terminal 183 of the microphone preamplifier stage 180 forms.
  • the coupling capacitors 184, 185 the DC signal components superimposed on the measuring signal are kept away from the operational amplifier 188, so that only the rectangular measurement signal is amplified there and fed to the evaluation stage 130 via the measuring signal input 131 connected to the output terminal 183.
  • the evaluation stage 130 also contains on the input side a coupling capacitor 134 for disconnecting DC components at the output terminal 183. Via the coupling capacitor 134, the measurement signal input 131 is connected via a series resistor 135 to a present one Embodiment of two diodes formed peak rectifier 136 connected. The peak rectifier 136 supplies the amplitude signal via a smoothing stage 137 to an amplitude signal output 138 of the evaluation stage 130. Coupling capacitor 134, series resistor 135, peak rectifier 136 and smoothing stage 137 together form a rectifier arrangement.
  • the evaluation stage 130 further comprises a comparison circuit 140 for comparing the amplitude signal from the amplitude signal output 138 with the setpoint signal, which can be supplied via the setpoint signal input 132.
  • the result signal obtained from this comparison is output via the result signal output 133.
  • the result signal provides information about a possible defect of the microphone 110 when the amplitude signal is larger or smaller by a predetermined difference than the reference signal, i. leaves a tolerance range around the setpoint signal.
  • the output terminal 183 of the microphone preamplifier stage 180 is further connected to the input of the audio signal processing circuit 150.
  • the audio payload signal is supplied from the microphone 110 via the microphone preamplifier stage 180 of the audio signal processing circuit 150 and output from this for playback, recording or the like via an output terminal 151.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the system of FIG. 1 especially for use in digital audio signal processing.
  • the test signal generation stage 120 and the microphone preamplifier stage 180 are unchanged.
  • a digital audio signal processing circuit 250 is used, which via the output terminal 183 of the microphone preamplifier stage 180, both the audio useful signal in regular operation and the measurement signal during the Testing the microphone 110 is supplied.
  • the audio signal processing circuit 250 comprises means for determining the amplitude signal, comparing with a setpoint signal and forming a result signal.
  • the audio signal processing circuit 250 also has two output terminals 251, 252, via which the above-mentioned audio signal playback device 160 and the telephone unit 170 corresponding audio payload signals are fed.
  • the system according to FIG. 3 is controlled by a control circuit 210, which is formed for example by a device processor. On the one hand, this supplies the rectangular control voltage to the input terminal 122 and, on the other hand, controls the audio signal processing circuit 250 via a control line 211.
  • the audio signal processing circuit 250 as shown in FIG. 1 again be connected to the result signal output via which the result signal is output.
  • FIG. 3 a variant is shown, according to which the result signal output 133 is connected to the control circuit 210.
  • the result signal is passed here by the audio signal processing circuit 250 via the control line 211 to the control circuit 210 and delivered only from this.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention can preferably be used for testing dynamic microphones, since a DC-decoupled AC amplifier is provided as a microphone preamplifier stage for them in principle.
  • this amplifier serves to amplify the measurement signal during the test procedure. Due to the DC decoupling, the circuit arrangement is robust against offset errors and very accurate in the gain of the measured variable. The feeding of the very small test alternating current The microphone has high impedance and is therefore robust against short circuits against the supply voltage and ground. The additional circuit complexity for the test is low because already existing circuit parts are used.
  • the audio useful signal of the microphone in the microphone preamplifier stage is potential-free and symmetrically amplified.
  • the amplified audio payload signal for reproduction e.g. for a hands-free telephone or passenger announcement in a vehicle
  • the audio signal playback device e.g. formed by vehicle speakers, or supplied to a telephone unit.
  • the test signal generation stage and the evaluation stage have no influence on the signal processing of the audio user signal.
  • the pulse to pause ratio of the test AC voltage i. the rectangular control voltage at the input terminal 122 of the transistor network in the test signal generation stage 120
  • the nominal impedance range of the circuit arrangement for testing the microphone can be varied. This makes it possible to carry out a flexible measurement or test over a wide impedance range of the microphone to be tested.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Système de circuit (100) destiné à tester un microphone dynamique (110), comprenant au moins un étage générateur de signal de test (120), au moyen duquel le microphone (110) peut être soumis à une tension alternative de test (UP), caractérisé par un étage d'évaluation (130) auquel peuvent être envoyés un signal de mesure (UM) pouvant être obtenu par le microphone (110), notamment après une pré-amplification, ainsi qu'un signal de valeur nominale et qui est configuré pour délivrer un signal de résultat contenant une information concernant un éventuel défaut du microphone (110), dans lequel l'étage d'évaluation (130) est configuré pour détecter une amplitude du signal de mesure (UM) afin d'établir à partir de celle-ci un signal d'amplitude, pour comparer le signal d'amplitude au signal de valeur nominale et pour générer le signal de résultat à partir de ladite comparaison.
  2. Système de circuit (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étage générateur de signal de test (120) est configuré pour soumettre le microphone (110) à la tension alternative de test (UP) au travers d'au moins une impédance série (125, 126).
  3. Système de circuit (100) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étage générateur de signal de test (120) est configuré pour générer au moins une tension alternative de test (UP) sensiblement rectangulaire.
  4. Système de circuit (100) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étage d'évaluation (130) comprend un système redresseur (136) destiné à redresser le signal de mesure (UM), notamment le signal de mesure après une pré-amplification.
  5. Système de circuit (100) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étage d'évaluation (130) comprend un circuit de comparaison (140) destiné à comparer le signal d'amplitude au signal de valeur nominale et à générer le signal de résultat à partir de ladite comparaison, et en ce que le circuit de comparaison (140) est conçu pour générer le signal de résultat contenant une information concernant un éventuel défaut du microphone (110) lorsque le signal d'amplitude est plus élevé ou moins élevé, d'une différence pouvant être prédéterminée, que le signal de valeur nominale.
  6. Système de circuit (100) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un étage de pré-amplification de microphone (180) dont l'entrée (181, 182) est connectée au microphone (110) et dont la sortie (183) est connectée non seulement à l'étage d'évaluation (130) mais également à un circuit de traitement du signal audio (150) et qui est conçu pour amplifier de manière sélective le signal de mesure (UM) ou un signal audio utile délivré par le microphone (110).
  7. Système de circuit (200) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'étage d'évaluation fait partie du circuit de traitement du signal audio (250).
  8. Système de circuit (100, 110, 150, 160, 200, 250) destiné à mettre en fonctionnement un microphone dynamique (110), comprenant au moins un microphone (110) destiné à délivrer un signal audio utile, un circuit de traitement du signal audio (150 ; 250) destiné à traiter le signal audio utile, et un dispositif de restitution de signal audio (160), caractérisé par un système de circuit (100 ; 200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
  9. Procédé destiné à tester un microphone dynamique (110) devant être mis en oeuvre avec un circuit de commutation (100 ; 200) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7 et/ou dans un système (100, 110, 150, 160, 200, 250) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par les étapes de procédé consistant à :
    - générer une tension alternative de test (UP), de préférence une tension alternative de test rectangulaire (UP),
    - soumettre le microphone (110) à la tension alternative de test (UP), de préférence à la tension alternative de test rectangulaire (UP),
    - obtenir un signal de mesure (UM) du microphone (110),
    - envoyer le signal de mesure (UM), notamment après une pré-amplification, à l'étage d'évaluation (130),
    - envoyer un signal de valeur nominale à l'étage d'évaluation (130),
    - comparer le signal de mesure (UM) au signal de valeur nominale, et
    - établir et délivrer le signal de résultat contenant une information concernant un éventuel défaut du microphone (110).
EP13187699.7A 2012-11-06 2013-10-08 Agencement de circuit et procédé de vérification d'un microphone ainsi que système de fonctionnement d'un microphone doté d'un tel agencement de circuit Active EP2728905B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210220137 DE102012220137A1 (de) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Prüfen eines Mikrofons sowie System zum Betreiben eines Mikrofons mit einer derartigen Schaltungsanordnung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2728905A2 EP2728905A2 (fr) 2014-05-07
EP2728905A3 EP2728905A3 (fr) 2015-05-20
EP2728905B1 true EP2728905B1 (fr) 2017-12-20

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EP13187699.7A Active EP2728905B1 (fr) 2012-11-06 2013-10-08 Agencement de circuit et procédé de vérification d'un microphone ainsi que système de fonctionnement d'un microphone doté d'un tel agencement de circuit

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EP (1) EP2728905B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103813256B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012220137A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019124533A1 (de) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 iSEMcon GmbH Mikrofon

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3636720A1 (de) 1986-10-29 1988-05-05 Krupp Gmbh Verfahren zur funktionspruefung eines mikrophons und mikrophonpruefeinrichtung
EP1424563B1 (fr) * 2001-09-06 2010-07-21 Tokyo Electron Limited Circuit de mesure de la capacite, instrument de mesure de la capacite et dispositif de microphone
KR101434302B1 (ko) * 2007-07-25 2014-08-27 삼성전자주식회사 불량 스피커 검출방법 및 이를 적용한 음향장치
EP2584792B2 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2018-09-12 Toa Corporation Dispositif d'inspection de ligne de haut-parleur

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
EBERHARD SENGPIEL: "Prinzip der elektro-akustischen Wandlung", 1 June 2002 (2002-06-01), Internet, XP055282190, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.sengpielaudio.com/PrinzipDerElektro-AkustischenWandlung.pdf> [retrieved on 20160621] *

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DE102012220137A1 (de) 2014-05-08
CN103813256B (zh) 2018-04-13
EP2728905A3 (fr) 2015-05-20
CN103813256A (zh) 2014-05-21
EP2728905A2 (fr) 2014-05-07

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