EP2722180B1 - Procédé et dispositif de mesure et/ou de correction du repérage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de mesure et/ou de correction du repérage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2722180B1
EP2722180B1 EP13187927.2A EP13187927A EP2722180B1 EP 2722180 B1 EP2722180 B1 EP 2722180B1 EP 13187927 A EP13187927 A EP 13187927A EP 2722180 B1 EP2722180 B1 EP 2722180B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
register
printing
procedure
measurement
elements
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Active
Application number
EP13187927.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2722180A1 (fr
Inventor
Kathrin Dr. Happel
Andreas Schneiders
Thomas Walther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baumer HHS GmbH
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Baumer HHS GmbH
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Publication of EP2722180A1 publication Critical patent/EP2722180A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0081—Devices for scanning register marks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/52—Marks on printed material for registering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for passport measurement and / or register correction.
  • a pass metering is to be made possible with a low cost and a high fault tolerance against typical pressure disturbances that occur in particular on the pressure on corrugated cardboard.
  • Passer also called color register
  • Passer indicates the accuracy of fit between the printing forms of the individual printing inks in multi-color printing.
  • the four process colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black are printed one after another exactly on top of each other to produce the final printed image. If these four colors are not exactly level with each other, the image appears blurry, blurry, or with color shifts, which reduces quality.
  • the passport control is carried out in particular at registration marks.
  • the inspection can be done manually, with a sample taken from production and outside the machine, for example with a magnifying glass, the position of the partial pressure images is measured to each other.
  • a manual measurement for example, in a corrugated printing machine is because of the structure the transport elements of the machine and the large dimensions of the corrugated sheets are difficult. Therefore, the desire arose to make the measurement of the passport and, where appropriate, the color values inline during the production process by the printing press. This has the advantage that no bows or benefits must be taken. Another advantage is that 100% control can be performed, while any offline control can only ever be random.
  • the EP 0 452 769 B1 describes a register measuring device in which the register is detected by means of a camera. The camera evaluates the position of the passer elements relative to one another (pressure-to-print register error) and the absolute position of the passer elements is assessed with at least one side edge.
  • the DE 10 2011 113 885 A1 describes the evaluation of the passport measurement for offset printing. During passport measurement, the position of the edges or the center of gravity of the measuring elements in the printing direction are evaluated with the aid of a measuring device, for example a camera or a sensor. From these characteristics, the position of the color separations (Druckten the individual printing units) to each other is determined.
  • the DE 43 38 976 A1 shows control panels, with a core area that may be replicated to the shape of a measurement spot of a densitometer or colorimeter, which may be elliptical.
  • the JP 61-79657 A shows U-shaped detection marks.
  • the US 5,126,578 A discloses oval marks, for determining the position of a paper or board web.
  • a disadvantage of known methods and devices for passport measurement and / or register correction is that they are not suitable for all substrates and / or the registration elements require a relatively large amount of space.
  • the invention has set itself the task of providing a method and a device for passport measurement and / or register correction, which are improved, at least with regard to one of the disadvantages mentioned.
  • At least one at least partially filled registration element has a non-rectangular surface shape which has different lengths in two mutually perpendicular directions, in particular an approximately elliptical basic shape and / or the Shape of an ellipse-like polygon.
  • all passer elements have this surface shape.
  • the at least one registration element is at least partially filled, ie in particular flat and not merely outline-shaped printed by means of lines.
  • registration mark and “registration element” are used in particular to denote the stamps printed for passport control.
  • the position of several passer elements during the pressure curve at full production speed and more preferably automatically measured is compared to a square or rectangular element, for example, the registration element with the surface shape described has significant advantages: it requires less area compared to a rectangle or a square when rotated.
  • the field size that must be granted to a control element, in particular a registration element depends on the expected value range of position and angle deviation. Common values for the position are ⁇ 3 mm and for the angle ⁇ 10 °. Series of measurement elements can be made narrower with elliptical registration elements than with rectangular or square registration elements.
  • Another advantage of the surface shape described is a more uniform pressure build-up and degradation in flexographic printing.
  • the pressure rises abruptly as the upstanding printing elements enter the printing nip and abruptly drops off after leaving the upstanding printing elements of the printing form. This can promote crushing and edge smearing.
  • the pressure is continuously increased and decreased because no sharp edge enters the nip. As a result, the tolerance to crushing edges and smearing is noticeably reduced. Both effects can reduce the measurement accuracy or even make it impossible.
  • the surface shape described has the great advantage that a rotation can be detected.
  • inline during the passage through a substrate-processing printing press.
  • Inline means that an operation is performed while passing through the machine.
  • Offline means that a product or product component is diverted from the product flow between the feed and discharge of the machine and the work step takes place outside the actual production flow in the machine.
  • printing machine is used below for printing presses, which comprise at least one printing form Affected commissioned work, wherein the printing form as a printed image contains a subject. The subject can range from simple icons range to complex multicolor images.
  • Print finishing machines are machines that cut or punch out packaging blanks from a sheet or continuous web, or machines that fold, slit, and / or glue packages. The print finishing machines also explicitly include machines that are solely for controlling the printing of the substrates in a continuous stream of substrate or on a continuous web. Printing machines and print processing units can be combined in any form.
  • the method is a method for passport measurement during printing of a corrugated cardboard substrate.
  • the advantages of the invention come particularly well here. It is thus preferably carried out in a corrugated machine processing the passport measurement.
  • the invention thus also relates to a test device and method for controlling a pressure on corrugated board or corrugated board, optionally with existing grooves and punched.
  • the structure and the structure of a corrugated substrate presents a particular challenge for the printing of printed images and in particular of measuring elements such as passer elements.
  • the peculiarity of the printing on corrugated cardboard arises among other things from the surface structure.
  • the outer cover of the corrugated board is partially supported by the shaft and depends more or less between the support points or support points.
  • the "sagging" between the contact points of the shaft can be further enhanced by drying and shrinking processes. This effect is also known as the "washboard effect".
  • the printing form in corrugated cardboard direct printing is usually a flexible high-pressure form, also called flexographic printing plate.
  • Examples of a combination of printing presses and printing finishing units in connection with corrugated cardboard substrates are so-called "inliners” in corrugated board packaging, which print, slit and fold corrugated sheets into a folding box, also called FFG (Flexo Foulder Gluer).
  • the feeder is a feeder or feeder and the discharge is a stacker or material bundler.
  • the registration element is relatively large and has a width and height of several millimeters, in particular about 5 mm ⁇ about 10 mm (W ⁇ H).
  • the size of the registration element is important. If it is too small, there is a disadvantage, similar to what has already been mentioned in connection with a linear passer element above. If it is too large, it is more susceptible to crushing edges and slugs in case of excessive color transfer.
  • the size of the registration element is chosen so that at least one wave crest supports the surface shape. The pressure element (in particular registration element) is then greater than the corrugation distance of the corrugated cardboard.
  • the edge of the registration element is determined by an image algorithm and preferably visualized by means of a contour.
  • This image algorithm preferably interprets the inner surface of the registration element-preferably the surface lying within the contour laid around the registration element-as completely filled, and further determines the position and / or rotation of the registration element.
  • the determination of the position and / or rotation is preferably done by a focus.
  • the determination of the position and / or rotation preferably serves to assess the position of a registration element of one printing ink relative to another registration element of another printing ink.
  • the evaluation is carried out using a black and white camera.
  • the visual assignment can be assigned to a printing unit by a frame or combined with a name.
  • the illumination in this case can be done with white light, narrow band light, monochromatic light or any other suitable light source, for example an infrared light source.
  • the disadvantage of taking pictures with a black-and-white camera is that the individual registration elements can not be intuitively assigned to a color printing unit. There is a risk that the user makes corrections to a wrong printing unit.
  • the evaluation is preferably carried out with the aid of a color camera and the registration elements are preferably printed in color.
  • Colored passer elements allow a spontaneous and intuitive assignment.
  • the passer elements are printed with the original inks and indeed, more preferably, together with the subject.
  • a passport measurement and a colorimetry are simultaneously performed on a single registration element. It is thus preferably checked within a corrugated board processing machine with a recording of the camera of a passer element or a Passerettifeldes simultaneously the passer and the color.
  • the inner surfaces of the passer elements for color measurement can be used.
  • a single shot of the passer elements (such as a camera) can therefore serve the Passer- and the color measurement. Multiple cameras or sensors can thus be avoided.
  • the method is performed by means of a single camera or a single sensor.
  • there are also sufficient pixel elements within the registration element which are extracted to determine the coloration. Outliers (especially due to downward pressure [eg colorless zones]) are preferably discarded by appropriate algorithms.
  • Densitometric measurements determine the optical density or color density (light attenuation), which is determined as a measure of the layer thickness of the printing ink.
  • the density measurement works either with optical filters (R, G, B) or the density measurement is calculated virtually from a spectral measurement.
  • Requirements for density measurement are described, inter alia, in the standard DIN 16536 for narrowband and wideband measurement.
  • Colorimetric measurements mathematically determine distance relationships in the color space and are dedicated to the evaluation of color differences. Colorimetric measurements can be carried out with a tristimulus measuring device, spectrophotometer or a color measurement camera. Requirements for the color measurement on surfaces can be found inter alia in ISO 13655.
  • a plurality of registration elements are combined in a registration element field and recorded with a recording of the camera during the passage through the printing press. So it's not about multiple cameras or a panning of the camera required.
  • the camera is therefore preferably not pivoted during the passmeter measurement process.
  • at least one complete registration element field which reflects the position of the individual active printing units, is recorded with a recording during the passage through the printing press.
  • the evaluation of the recorded image can take place within an image processing software within a computer. If, as in another embodiment, a smart camera is used in which the evaluation takes place directly in the camera, the data transmission to the higher-level control can only contain the position data of the individual elements, for example displacement in the X, Y direction and possibly rotation , In addition, color values can still be transferred per printing unit.
  • the correction of the registration error by the machine operator is carried out manually and preferably the registration errors and possibly correction recommendations are displayed on the operating terminal, wherein the operating terminal is further preferably connected to a printer on which preferably the setting recommendations for the printing units are printed.
  • the correction recommendations preferably depend on the preset tolerance set by the operator.
  • the deviations can be displayed in a crosshair or by colors (for example, green: within tolerance, red: out of tolerance).
  • the operating terminal is preferably connected to a printer on which the operator can print out the setting recommendations for the printing units. This is particularly useful in large corrugated machines, since measuring, operating and the printing units can be apart. With a printer, the operator saves copying, signing the positioning commands and thus saves set-up time.
  • the printing units controlled directly by actuators or actuators directly.
  • the printing plates at the beginning of the printing form and the printing plate end can be held by clamps, which can be moved by a motor.
  • the corrections can always be made only for errors that are consistent or follow a defined trend. Especially in the processing of corrugated cardboard, however, it can lead to spontaneous deviations, for example, a single sheet. This can be the case, for example, if the sheet lay on top of a stack of corrugated cardboard and thus had more humidity or, on the contrary, dried out more. Single bows may have been compressed more than others. There are other manifold causes of individual deviations in the corrugated cardboard printing possible.
  • a plurality of sheets are evaluated in succession and the deviations are evaluated. This can be done, for example, by a moving average or a moving median that is more robust against outliers.
  • the user can specify in the operating software, how many sheets should be included in the evaluation.
  • the first case is formed by sheets with excessive deviation. These are preferably excluded from production.
  • the second case preferably form sheets in which the recording with a camera can not be done or in an insufficient quality. This can happen, for example, due to unfavorable sheet travel conditions (for example fluttering).
  • the first case is thus preferably avoided that the sheet or the benefit gets into the delivery to the customer.
  • the faulty sheet is marked with a spray liquid, for example with a UV-fluorescent marking liquid, preferably with the aid of a spray valve.
  • the faulty sheet or bar can also be removed from the product stream with a discharge device.
  • the removal from the product stream can be done with turntables, suction devices or kickers or any other suitable device.
  • the discharge takes place preferably before the stacker and more preferably before bundling the corrugated board benefits or sheets. It is also conceivable to mark the bundle that contains the faulty corrugated sheet or blank. The bundle is then preferably removed from production and sorted.
  • FIGS. 1a to 2 show the structure and structure of a corrugated substrate 2, which is a particular challenge for the printing of printed images and in particular of registration elements 1.
  • the outer cover 7 of the corrugated cardboard is partially supported by the shaft 6 and depends more or less between the support points or support points (so-called washboard effect).
  • the Fig. 1a to 1c show the phases of the printing process, for example with a flexographic printing plate 8.
  • flexographic printing partially elastic printing plates 8 are used, the raised relief by a Einärbe worn, for example, a chamber doctor blade system with anilox roller dyed. From the inked relief, the ink is transferred in contact on the substrate to be printed.
  • phase 1 ( Fig. 1a )
  • the surface of the printing form 8 comes into contact with the elevations 14 of the substrate surface.
  • Substrate surface 17 is no contact between the surface of the printing plate 8 and the corrugated cardboard surface 17 instead. There is still no or only an incomplete ink transfer in this area.
  • phase 2 ( Fig. 1b )
  • the partially elastic pressure mold 8 nestles against the substrate surface area 17 between the elevations 14 of the shaft 6. Since an elevated pressure prevails on the elevations, the wave height 10 can be reduced so that it has a lower level 11. As long as this happens in a region of elastic deformation of the shaft 6, it plays only a minor role with respect to the physical properties of the substrate, in particular the later packaging formed from the substrate. However, the yielding of the shaft 6 leads to the fact that the increase in pressure due to the provision of the printing forme 8 against the substrate surface is not linear with the travel of the printing forme 8 relative to the substrate surface of the printing forme.
  • phase 3 ( Fig. 1c ) the pressure continues to increase, so that this shaft 6 is further compressed to a lower level 12.
  • the corrugated ceiling gives way to the original level difference 9 by an additional path 13 in the area 17 not supported by the shaft.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that during the ink transfer constantly changing supply and force of the printing plate 8 prevails against the substrate surface.
  • a certain power provision is necessary, which is higher in the supported by the shaft 6 areas 14 of the corrugated cardboard, as the force 16 in the non-supported areas 17.
  • An increased Beiwolf can crush edges at the edges of a measuring element (in particular Passerimplantations) lead, which limits the readability (or usability for passport measurement) due to the lack of edge sharpness.
  • Too little pressure provision for example in the not supported by the shaft portions 17 of the corrugated cardboard cover in particular lead to a poor print quality for low-grade cover papers. Pressure differences can also lead to broader or narrower printing of elements of a measuring element (in particular registration element).
  • a control of a respective product is required, since due to the stiffness of the corrugated cardboard and compared to single-layered substrates relatively large thickness variations may lead to Passerdifferenzen that may differ from pressure benefits to pressure benefits. Different thicknesses lead to settlement differences, i. one printed image is longer than another.
  • Fig. 3 shows a picture of known from the prior art linear scales. Periodically occurring fault areas 20 can be recognized, which correlate with the wave troughs.
  • Fig. 4 shows a registration element 1 of the method according to the invention.
  • the registration element 1 shown is completely filled. (The hatching in the 4 to 6 symbolize a full-surface filling.) It has a surface shape that has different lengths in two mutually perpendicular directions B, H. It has an approximately elliptical basic shape.
  • the picture also shows areas 21 Pressure disturbances due to the washboard effect, but never break through the edge of the registration element 1, so that the image algorithm can detect a closed contour 3 as a boundary.
  • the contour 3 was drawn in dashed lines in this case.
  • the registration element can be distinguished / distinguished from the background, and preferably its center of gravity is determined. In one conceivable embodiment, gray values of the passer element are used for this, in another binary values.
  • the image algorithm interprets the inner surface 4 as completely filled, so that the position and / or rotation of the registration element can be determined, for example, by a position evaluation centroid relative to the registration element of another ink (not shown in the figures).
  • Fig. 5 shows that, when twisted, the elliptical registration element 1 occupies less space than a conceivable rectangular registration element 19 to an astonishing extent.
  • rows of measurement elements, in particular with elliptical registration elements can be made narrower than with rectangular or square registration elements 19.
  • the evaluation can be done with a black and white camera.
  • the visual assignment can be done by a frame or, as in Fig. 6 shown, with corners or other, the measurement-supporting elements, combined with a label assigned to a printing unit.
  • the illumination in this case can be done with white light, narrow band light, monochromatic light or any other suitable light source, for example an infrared light source.
  • the disadvantage of taking pictures with a black and white camera is that the individual ellipses can not be intuitively assigned to a color printer. There is therefore a risk that the user makes corrections to a wrong printing unit.

Landscapes

  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de mesure de repères consistant à mesurer la position de plusieurs éléments de repère (1) pendant le déroulement de l'impression, au moins un élément de repère rempli au moins partiellement (1) présentant une forme de surface non rectangulaire, qui présente des longueurs différentes dans deux directions perpendiculaires l'une par rapport à l'autre, en particulier une forme de base de forme approximativement elliptique et/ou la forme d'un polygone similaire à une ellipse, caractérisé en ce que le procédé est un procédé de mesure de repères lors de l'impression d'un substrat en carton ondulé (2) et en ce que la taille de l'élément de repère (1) est sélectionnée de telle sorte qu'au moins un sommet d'ondulation supporte la forme de surface, l'élément de repère (1) étant alors plus grand que le pas du carton ondulé.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de repère (1) est relativement grand et présente une largeur et une hauteur de plusieurs millimètres, en particulier 5 x 10 mm.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le bord de l'élément de repère (1) est déterminé par un algorithme d'image et est visualisé à l'aide d'un contour (3).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'algorithme d'image interprète la surface intérieure de l'élément de repère (1) comme entièrement remplie et détermine la position et/ou la distorsion par exemple par une formation de centre de gravité.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'évaluation intervient à l'aide d'une caméra couleurs.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une mesure de repères et une mesure de couleurs ont lieu simultanément au niveau d'un élément de repère (1) unique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs éléments de repère (1) sont réunis dans un champ d'éléments de repère (5) et sont détectés avec exactement une prise de vue de la caméra pendant le trajet à travers la machine à imprimer et/ou la machine de traitement après impression.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, au cours duquel la correction de l'écart des repères est réalisée manuellement par l'utilisateur de la machine et les écarts de repères et, le cas échéant, les recommandations de correction sont affichées sur le terminal d'utilisation et le terminal d'utilisation est raccordé à une imprimante sur laquelle les recommandations d'emplacement pour les imprimés sont imprimées ou au cours duquel la correction de l'écart des repères n'est pas réalisée manuellement et les imprimés sont dirigés directement automatiquement par des actionneurs ou des moteurs de commande.
EP13187927.2A 2012-10-18 2013-10-09 Procédé et dispositif de mesure et/ou de correction du repérage Active EP2722180B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012109949.9A DE102012109949A1 (de) 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Passermessung und/oder Passerkorrektur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2722180A1 EP2722180A1 (fr) 2014-04-23
EP2722180B1 true EP2722180B1 (fr) 2015-07-15

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DE (1) DE102012109949A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS585259A (ja) * 1981-07-03 1983-01-12 Toppan Printing Co Ltd 印刷における見当判別方法
JPS6179657A (ja) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-23 Fujitsu Ten Ltd 印刷ずれ検出方法
JPS63191638A (ja) * 1987-02-04 1988-08-09 Toppan Printing Co Ltd 印刷物の見当合わせ方法
CH680117A5 (fr) * 1989-07-15 1992-06-30 Bobst Sa
CH682600A5 (fr) 1990-04-18 1993-10-15 Bobst Sa Procédé de contrôle de qualité de l'impression et du découpage dans une installation de production d'emballages.
DE4338976C3 (de) * 1993-11-15 2002-06-06 Fogra Forschungsgesellschaft D Anordnung von mehreren Kontrollfeldern
JPH07214761A (ja) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-15 Taiyo Denki Sangyo Kk 印刷見当マークの検出器及び検出方法
DE10319770A1 (de) * 2003-05-02 2004-12-09 Koenig & Bauer Ag Verfahren zur Regelung der Farbdichte einer von einer Druckmaschine auf einem Druckträger aufgebrachten Farbe und Vorrichtung zur Regelung verschiedener für den Druckprozess einer Druckmaschine relevanter Parameter
DE102005041651A1 (de) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-22 Bosch Rexroth Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Druckkorrektur
DE102008053406A1 (de) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur automatischen Achskorrektur bei einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zur Bearbeitung einer Warenbahn
CN102416760B (zh) 2010-09-24 2016-08-03 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 对版测量元件

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EP2722180A1 (fr) 2014-04-23

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