EP2702002B1 - Drive unit for moving loads and people, and devices for moving people and loads comprising such drive units - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drive unit with which devices for moving loads and persons such as e.g. Elevators can be equipped and which has a spindle and ropes, chains or belts and with which a multiple translation and higher speeds can be achieved. The invention further relates to devices, in particular elevators for transporting loads and persons who work with such drive units.

Drive units which can be used for moving loads and persons with corresponding devices, in particular elevators, have long been known.

These include, for example, the hydraulically operating systems, as described for example in the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 3 621 851 A1 to be discribed. Subject of this patent application is a hydraulically operated elevator, which has, inter alia, next to the car in the lifting direction of the car extending hydraulic cylinder in which a piston rod is moved, and pulleys and a counterweight which is connected to the piston rod. The supply of the working fluid is carried out by a motor-driven pump.

However, hydraulically operated drive units are very sensitive and require not only frequent monitoring and maintenance in the pump area but also the hydraulic cylinder system. Also, the hydraulic oil must be renewed regularly, which is associated with costs and labor. Also, the oil level must be checked during operation and also oil refilled. Incidentally, oil is very temperature-dependent in terms of its properties, not to forget the problems of environmental protection such as environmental pollution hazards and regulatory safety requirements.
Also, it is very bad that a lot of hydraulic oil is needed.

A system that works without hydraulics but by means of a pulley system is in the CH 615 138 A5 discloses, wherein the pulley is driven by a special motor. However, such an elevator is not particularly suitable for a fast and safe transportation of persons.

In the German patent DE 198 51 726 C describes an elevator system whose drive operates on the basis of a Spindelhubseilantriebs. In this elevator system, however, the drive motor and the spindle with its directly associated parts at the bottom of the shaft, that is also arranged below the car. Seilumlenkrollen are mounted on a train console located below the elevator system. Furthermore, further pulleys are arranged above the car in the shaft head, and a cable suspension. The components required for the drive are distributed over several positions over the entire elevator shaft. The drive is an integral part of the elevator system.

With this system, however, only movements in the vertical direction are possible. However, this development brings considerable advantages over the elevators according to the prior art.

In the EP 0 895 957 A2 an elevator is described with a drive in which also only a vertical movement is possible and are integrated with the elevator and drive firmly with each other. However, the driving motor acts on the existing nut. Also there are two ropes provided. The spindle is driven directly, the system has no translation.

Although a number of elevators with various drives are already known, there is still a need for elevators, in particular drive units, which are simpler, more versatile, and provide advantages over the prior art.

The object of the invention is now to bring a further development, improvement and also simplification compared to the known prior art and in particular to provide a drive system available, with which not only loads and people are moved in the vertical direction but also in an oblique or horizontal direction can.

The object of the invention is also to provide a drive unit for moving loads and persons available that can be produced easily and with few resources and versatile, can be equipped with the particular advantageously systems that a vertical, horizontal and oblique Moving loads and persons allowed and can be transported with the large loads and which allows a high transport speed and which is otherwise designed as a compact unit that can be transported as such or housed in a housing and mounted in place and used can.

The object of the invention is also to provide an advantageous transport or transport unit, in particular an elevator, which is equipped with such drive units.

A further object of the invention is to provide a transport system, in particular an elevator with a drive unit, which can be operated with low energy input.

This object is achieved by a drive unit, which has a motor (6) driven spindle (5) which acts on a nut (1), are attached to the two or more pulleys, gears or pulleys (2) for loose deflection, and one or more fixed deflection pulleys, gears or pulleys (3) and a fixed suspension (4) for ropes, chains or belts (11), and the cables, chains or belts (11) provide a ratio of N: 1 and N = 4 + n, where n is an integer from -2 to +8 inclusive 0 and the rope, chain or belt (11), possibly via a diverter, can be connected directly to a transport system.

Other, even larger, ratios are possible.

Preferably n = -2 to 4, in particular 0.

The spindle is advantageously designed as a ball screw spindle.

The drive unit may advantageously be arranged in a housing which has an opening possibility for discharging and connecting the cable to a load.

Another object of the invention is an apparatus for moving, lifting or lowering in the vertical, horizontal or oblique direction of loads or persons, wherein the device for driving a drive unit of the type described above.

Preferably, the device is an elevator.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is an elevator with a drive unit for moving up and down a passenger and / or goods lift, which has a motor (6) driven ball screw (5) which acts on a nut (1), on the two or more pulleys, gears or pulleys (2) are mounted for loose deflection, and one or more pulleys, gears or pulleys (3) for fixed deflection and a fixed suspension (4) for ropes, chains or belts (11), wherein the Ropes, chains or belts form a ratio of N: 1 and N = 4 + n and n is an integer from -2 to +8 inclusive = 0, preferably -2 to +4 inclusive = 0 and the elevator is two more fixed ones Pulleys, gears or pulleys (7, 8) and the cabin / load (9) are arranged by means of ropes, chains or belts on the rollers, gears or pulleys (7) and (8) and the over pulley, Gear or pulley (8) guided rope or chain or belt with a counterweight (10) to the cabin / load (9) is provided.

Preferably, n = 0, the mass of the counterweight is advantageously exchangeable.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße in einem Gehäuse angeordnete Antriebseinheit

Fig. 2

eine Antriebseinheit mit Kabine und Gegengewicht

Fig. 3

eine Antriebseinheit untergebracht im unteren Teil eines Aufzugschachtes

Fig. 4

eine Antriebseinheit untergebracht im oberen Teil des Aufzugschachtes

Fig. 5

eine Antriebseinheit untergebracht im mittleren Teil des Schachtes

Fig. 6

eine Antriebseinheit angeordnet neben und außerhalb des Schachtes

Fig. 7

eine Anordnung zum horizontalen Transport

Fig. 8

eine Anordnung zum schrägen Transport

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawings. It is shown in

Fig. 1

an inventive arranged in a housing drive unit

Fig. 2

a drive unit with cabin and counterweight

Fig. 3

a drive unit housed in the lower part of a hoistway

Fig. 4

a drive unit housed in the upper part of the elevator shaft

Fig. 5

a drive unit housed in the middle part of the shaft

Fig. 6

a drive unit arranged beside and outside the shaft

Fig. 7

an arrangement for horizontal transport

Fig. 8

an arrangement for oblique transport

Due to the compact design, the freedom of movement of the elevator through the entire length of the shaft is ensured, regardless of whether the drive unit is mounted on the upper or lower part of the shaft or at any point within the shaft.

Based on Fig. 1 schematically illustrating an embodiment, the invention is explained in more detail. (5) represents a spindle included by a nut (1). At the mother two rollers (2) are fixed for the purpose of loose deflection. They are moved up or down depending on the direction of rotation of the spindle. (4) represents a suspension to which one or more cables (11) are attached. In the figure, a rope is shown. It can also be several ropes, for example, five ropes, which are led together over the roles. By the number of ropes and the weight of any existing counterweight or the strength of the rope, the carrying capacity of a lift to be connected to the drive unit can be optimized. (3) is a role which serves the fixed deflection. The rope is led upwards from the suspension (4) over the rollers and can be attached therefrom for the purpose of moving an elevator car as a load. The cable can be guided by appropriate deflection (not shown) to the load and can thus serve, for example, for up and down movement of a lift. If necessary, the rope can also be led directly to the load without deflection. The spindle is driven by a motor (6).

The elevator, which is moving upwards, may be provided with a device for the recovery of electricity, with recovery going downwards.

The drive system according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways.

It is particularly suitable as a drive system for elevator systems. The effort and cost of manufacturing are extremely low. All items are inexpensive to produce or commercially available at short notice. The assembly time is extremely low. The drive system can be used for new lifts and for the conversion of old systems, eg when replacing hydraulic drives. It is very environmentally friendly, since no hydraulic drive is required and the associated risk of oil leakage does not exist. The system is extremely space-saving due to the small space requirement and can be easily mounted in a pit, in the shaft itself, at the shaft head or outside the shaft. Frictional losses and wear can be practically neglected.

The handling is very accurate, a drop in the floor does not take place. Also, installed in the shaft shaft copying can be omitted. The system is insensitive to temperature fluctuations and dirt. Power consumption is low, and when moving down, power can be recovered. Further advantages could be enumerated.

The embodiment with counterweight is shown schematically and exemplified with reference to Fig. 2 , The unit has a motor (6) or other means, whereby the spindle (5) is driven. In emergency situations, for example in the event of a power failure, it can have a device (not shown) with which the spindle can be moved by hand, for example. The driven rotating spindle acts on the nut (1), are attached to the two pulleys (2). These are used for loose deflection of the cable 11, which is further attached to a fixed suspension (4). The cable (11) extends from the fixed suspension (4) via the right deflection roller (2) to the fixed roller (3), which is located at the upper end of the spindle, then via the left roller (2) to the fixed guide roller (7). and from there to the load (9) (cab), generally a freight and / or passenger elevator. The counterweight (10) is movable up and down. The rope (12) extends from the counterweight over the fixed roller (8) to the load, generally a car. The counterweight thus acts on the load and thus reduces according to the translation, the force that is necessary to move the elevator.

In FIG. 3 an arrangement is shown in which the drive unit is located at the lower part of the shaft, preferably in a shaft pit.

In FIG. 4 an embodiment is shown in which the drive unit is mounted in the shaft head. It is also possible to mount the drive unit above the manhole cover and to guide the cable through an opening to the cabin.

In FIG. 5 An arrangement of the drive unit is shown in the middle part of the shaft.

In FIG. 6 an arrangement outside the elevator shaft is shown. The rope is guided over two pulleys to the car.

In FIG. 7 An embodiment for moving loads horizontally is illustrated. For example, heavy objects, eg tree trunks, but also vehicles such as lorries can be pulled.

FIG. 8 presented an embodiment for an oblique transport over inclined planes, eg an inclined elevator.

With the invention it is possible to reduce the energy consumption when driving the elevator. Furthermore, the load can be influenced by selecting the ratio and the path length, the same applies to the speed at which the elevator can be moved.

By adjusting the mass of the counterweight, you can quickly adjust to the weight of the cabin or loads that are to be moved regularly.

As a result of the compact design, the drive unit can be arranged and transported in a housing and can also be used as an integral part of the housing in place.

Claims (9)

1. A drive unit for moving loads and people comprising a motor (6) driven spindle (5) which acts on a nut (1) to which two or more deflection pulleys, gear wheels or belt pulleys (2) are attached for loose deflection, and one or more deflection pulleys, gear wheels or belt pulleys (3) for fixed deflection and a fixed suspension (4) for cables, chains or belts (11) wherein the cables, chains and belts form a gear ratio of N : 1, and N = 4 + n, whereby n is an integer from -2 to +8 inclusively 0 and the cable, chain or belt, optionally via a deflection, is configured for connection to a transport system.
2. The drive unit according to claim 1, characterised in that n = - 2 to 4, in particular 0.
3. The drive unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the spindle is a ball screw spindle.
4. The drive unit according to at least one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the drive unit is arranged in a housing, which has an opening for leading and connecting the cable with a load.
5. A device for moving, raising or lowering loads or people in a vertical, horizontal or inclined direction, characterised in that the device has for driving a drive unit according to one more of the claims 1 to 4.
6. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the device is an elevator.
7. An elevator comprising a linear drive unit according to claim 1 for moving a passenger elevator and or freight elevator up and down which comprises a motor (6) driven ball screw spindle (5) which acts on a nut (1) to which two or more deflection pulleys, gear wheels or belts pulleys(2) are attached for loose deflection, and one or more deflection pulleys, gear wheels or belt pulleys (3) for fixed deflection and a fixed suspension (4) for cables, chains or belts (11) whereby the cables, chains or belts have a gear ratio of N : 1 whereby N = 4 + n and n is an integer from -2 to + 8 inclusively 0, and the elevator comprises two further deflection pulleys, gear wheels or belt pulleys (7) and (8) and the car load (9) is drivably arranged by ways of cables, chains or belts (7) and (8) and the cable (12) which is guided over the deflecion pulley, gear wheel or belt pulley is provided with a counter weight (10) for the car load.
8. Linear driving unit according to claim 6, characterized in that n = - 2 to 4 in particular 0.
9. Linear driving unit according claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the mass of the counter weight is exchangeable.

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