EP2696717B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines reissverschlusses - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines reissverschlusses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2696717B1 EP2696717B1 EP12715133.0A EP12715133A EP2696717B1 EP 2696717 B1 EP2696717 B1 EP 2696717B1 EP 12715133 A EP12715133 A EP 12715133A EP 2696717 B1 EP2696717 B1 EP 2696717B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- coupling elements
- decorative
- coupling
- decorative elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 239
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 239
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 239
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
- A44B19/02—Slide fasteners with a series of separate interlocking members secured to each stringer tape
- A44B19/04—Stringers arranged edge-to-edge when fastened, e.g. abutting stringers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
- A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
- A44B19/24—Details
- A44B19/26—Sliders
- A44B19/262—Pull members; Ornamental attachments for sliders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of preparing a slide fastener, more specifically to a method of preparing coupling elements for a slide fastener comprised of plastics material in which the coupling elements are adorned with decorative elements.
- a problem associated with slide fasteners is the inherent nature of the coupling or fastening elements that form the closure mechanism for the slide fastener to receive foreign materials.
- the presence of the foreign materials, if left unchecked may damage the closure mechanism by preventing movement of a slider along the length of the slide fastener.
- removal of the foreign body may result in damage to the coupling elements such that the slide fastener no longer closes.
- coupling agents comprised of plastics material which are of a sufficient strength to withstand the operation of the slide fastener yet still have a suitably attractive appearance
- the molding of coupling agents comprised of plastic material with the provision of holes or indents for receiving ornamentation such as jewels or beads increases the likelihood of plastic fibres which can remain on the teeth until the decorated slide fastener has been used a number of times.
- the wear of the coupling agents subsequently leads to the fibres becoming detached from the coupling agents but at the same time increases the chance of the fibres becoming trapped in between the coupling agents and thereby causing damage.
- the decorative elements such as beads and crystals used to adorn clothing and hence slide fasteners are not only difficult to handle but are also costly to manufacture and utilise. Consequently, when a slide fastener is embellished with such crystals and decorative beads it is important that the decorative element is not only retained securely in place on the slide fastener but also that the decorative elements are protected from excessive wear and damage which could ultimately lead to the decorative elements loosing their lustre but which are also displayed on the slide fastener to maximum effect.
- Conventional slide fasteners usually traditionally comprise a pair of fastener tapes upon which are mounted rows of individual coupling elements which cooperate or interdigitate when the fastener tapes pass through a slider mounted on one of the fastener tapes and in so doing either close or open the slide fastener accordingly.
- the interdigitation of the coupling elements has a limiting effect on the visible appearance of the slide fastener. That is, due to the required interconnection of the coupling elements needed to ensure a sufficient closing of the slide fastener, the design of the external appearance of the slide fastener has been strictly limited not least of all because the coupling elements are required to pass through the slider.
- a zipper closure comprising a first and second row of teeth formed on a first and second band, each band comprising an edge bead or web.
- the teeth have free ends, and each have a channel such that when said zipper closure is being closed the free ends of said first row of teeth extend into an area of attachment of the teeth of the second row of teeth and vice versa, whereby the channels receive the edge beads or webs.
- the zipper closure further comprises a slider with a top cover plate and a bottom cover plate connected by a cross-piece, said slider having a wider front end and a narrower back end, said cross-piece having a front end directed towards said wider front end of said slider and a back end directed towards said narrower back end of said slider.
- decorative stones are arranged on the teeth and also on the zipper pull. However, there are no details provided as to how the teeth are secured and maintained in place.
- the decorative stones are substantially centrally located with respect to the coupling elements and protrude out of the plane of the coupling elements. Consequently the stones are prone to damage.
- a zipper closure including first and second rows of teeth formed on first and second bands. Each tooth has a free end in which a channel is formed. Each channel has a bottom which is convexly curved.
- the zipper closure includes a slider with a projection for opening and dosing the zipper closure and decorative stones are arranged in a straight line along the zipper by the spacing between the stones being small in comparison to the size of the stones and the support surfaces for the stones on the teeth being kept correspondingly small.
- the arrangement of the invention allows each stone to be adequately surrounded by plastic material while nonetheless the spacing between successive stones being small.
- the stones are embedded in substantially the centre of the teeth to allow suitable connection between protrusions residing on the sides of the plastic teeth. There is no mention as to how the stones may be protected from damage.
- each stone significantly protrudes from the outer surface of the tooth to which it is attached. Consequently, sliders present on the zippers have to negotiate the raised jewels which can also lead to interference of the slider and damage thereto as well as damage to the jewels which can result in reduced lustre.
- a jewelry article in which jewelry stones are injected into a support body made of plastic.
- the jewelry stones are arranged on both sides of a flat support body.
- the support body is produced in two successive injection molding processes and, during a second method step, all of the stones rest on an injection molded part produced in a first method step.
- the stones protrude out of the plane of the injected molded surface which means that the stones are prone to damage and may also cause damage through interaction with other soft materials.
- Swiss Patent Application CH 308551A discloses a method of preparing a slide fastener comprising a pair of first and second stringers each comprising a tape and a row of coupling elements mounted on one longitudinal edge of the tape; and a slider adapted to slideably move along the rows of the coupling elements; wherein the coupling elements comprise plastic material; and wherein the coupling elements further comprise decorative elements, the method comprising the step of shaping and securing the plastic coupling elements to the tape prior to attachment of the decorative elements.
- the present invention therefore seeks to overcome the problems associated with the methods of producing plastic coupling elements for slide fasteners wherein the coupling elements are provided with attractive ornamentation whilst still retaining the required flexibility and strength required for modern slide fasteners and whilst still providing a sleek and attractive appearance of the slide fastener.
- the ornamentation does not provide any impediment for the smooth movement of a slider along the zipper and the ornamentation are also protected from damage.
- the inventors of the present invention have now found a method that allows the manufacture of plastic coupling elements embellished with jewels and/or beads in a sufficiently strong and effective manner whilst not impairing the closure mechanism of the slide fastener and which also affords protection for the decorative elements or ornamentation.
- the insertion of the ornamentation or jewels into the teeth in accordance with the present invention allows the jewels to be optionally positioned in the coupling elements.
- the present invention finds particular application as an improved slide fastener for the clothing and soft furnishings industry, but it not limited thereto.
- the present invention therefore seeks to address the problems outlined above and provides an improved method that is able to meet the stringent requirements of modern slide fasteners and the aesthetic requirements of modern designs.
- a method of preparing a slide fastener comprising:
- the decorative elements secured to the coupling elements do not substantially protrude out of a plane of the coupling elements.
- the coupling elements are prepared by injection moulding of plastic material. Furthermore, it is preferred that the decorative elements are held in a position prior to heat treatment with the coupling elements. Preferably the decorative elements are fitted in an indentation on the coupling elements prior to heat treatment with the coupling elements. In addition, it is preferred that the decorative elements are further secured to the coupling elements by adhesive.
- the decorative elements are further secured to the coupling elements by mechanical means and wherein the mechanical means comprises a protrusion or fastening means on the pre-formed coupling element when the coupling elements and the decorative elements are heated to the maleable transition temperature of the coupling elements. Consequently, the mechanical means may be removed or lost when the coupling elements and decorative elements are heated to the maleable transition temperature of the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements are allowed to equilibrate with the coupling elements prior to heat treatment.
- the coupling elements and the decorative elements are heated to a sufficient temperature to allow the plastic coupling element to become maleable without loosing the entire shape of the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements are immersed into the softened coupling elements so that each decorative element is substantially flush with an outer face of each coupling element. Consequently, further pressure is applied to the decorative elements to ensure immersion of the decorative elements within the coupling elements.
- the coupling elements and the decorative elements are then cooled to further set the decorative elements into position on the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements are preferably moulded to the coupling elements using sonic or radio waves. Microwaves may also be used. Most preferably, the sonic or radio waves are applied using an ultrasonic horn.
- the decorative elements may be pre-heated prior to insertion into the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements are pre-heated whilst in the indentation in the coupling elements prior to the heat treatment of the coupling elements and decorative elements.
- the decorative elements may be pre-shaped prior to insertion into the coupling elements.
- a slide fastener prepared by the method of the present invention for clothing and/or furnishings.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a prior art plastic coupling element (10) fitted with a jewel decoration (12).
- the support body (14) of the coupling element is comprised of plastic material and completely surrounds the jewel (12).
- Preparation of the coupling element (10) is effected by injection moulding.
- the jewel (12) is for example held in position with respect to a blank of thermoplastic material.
- the blank and jewel are then both subjected to an injection moulding process after which the blank is formed in coupling element and in so doing completely surrounds the jewel contained within the coupling element.
- FIG. 5 there is illustrated a slide fastener prepared with coupling elements comprised of plastic material and prepared according to the method of the present invention.
- the slide fastener (100) comprises a pair of first stringer (102) and second stringer (103).
- Each stringer (102, 103) is comprised of a tape (105a, and 105b respectively) and a row of coupling elements (50) which are attached to one longitudinal edge of the tape.
- the edge of each tape is provided with a cord (106a and 106b) which protrudes from the upper and lower faces of the tape and upon which the coupling elements (107) are mounted.
- the slider (112) preferably comprises a pull tab (114) to allow a user to slidably move the slider along the row of the coupling elements and in so doing separate the coupling elements of the first stringer and the coupling elements of the second stringer to open the slide fastener or engages the coupling elements of the first stringer and the coupling elements of the second stringer to close the slide fastener.
- the coupling elements are comprised of plastic material and have been prepared by the method according to the present invention.
- the coupling element (50) has a body upon which a decorative element is mounted.
- the body has a head portion (51) and a base portion (52).
- the head portion (51) is arranged away from the tape edge in the width direction of the tape.
- the head portion has a shape expanded in the longitudinal direction of the tape.
- the head portions of the coupling elements are engaged with one another when the opposing coupling elements are interdigitated.
- the base portion (52) is arranged so as to cover the cord (106a, 106b) in the front-back direction.
- the coupling elements are mounted along the cord (106a and 106b) at predetermined intervals.
- the top surface of the coupling element is planar.
- the slide fastener may comprise a retaining box and an insert pin (not shown) mounted on the respective tapes (105a, 105b) to enable the stringers (102, 103) to be coupled together as is well known in the art of slide fasteners.
- the first and second stringers (102, 103) of the slide fastener (100) are preferably separable as is also known in the art.
- a key feature of the slide fastener prepared with plastic coupling elements by the method of the present invention as illustrated in Figure 5 is that the coupling elements (107) are fitted or adorned with decorative elements (120) which may include for example but not limited to: crystals, beads, jewels or mixtures thereof.
- the decorative elements may be comprised of for example glass or coloured plastic material. It is preferred however that the decorative elements are comprised of crystal.
- the decorative elements (120) are located on top surfaces of the coupling elements. In addition, the decorative elements (120) are located towards the head portions of the coupling elements. Consequently, when the slider (112) moves along the slide fastener and the coupling elements are interdigitated, the decorative elements are arranged on a substantially straight line in the longitudinal direction of the tape in line with the slider.
- the pull tab may also comprise the same decorative elements in the form of for example glass or plastic materials, jewels, beads or crystals.
- the decorative elements (120) in the form of beads, crystals or jewels may be secured by additional means to the plastic coupling elements to prevent loss of the decorative elements.
- a key feature of the coupling elements prepared by the method of the present invention is the fact that the decorative elements are protected by a raised wall and a protective well formed in the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements may protrude by a small amount from the top surfaces of the coupling elements or alternatively, depending on the size of the decorative elements the decorative elements may extend by a limited amount, but not enough to cause interference with the movement of the slider along the slide fastener. Consequently, the decorative elements do not pose any resistance to the movement of the slider along the slide fastener.
- the coupling elements are arranged such that the coupling elements on opposing tapes are offset with respect to one another in the longitudinal direction of the tape.
- the shape of the coupling elements ensures a substantially close packed arrangement when slide fastener is closed. Consequently, the gap between individual coupling elements on the same tape and also coupling elements on the opposing tape is particularly small when the slide fastener is closed in order to provide an attractive appearance and substantially straight line arrangement of the decorative elements when the slide fastener is closed.
- the close packed arrangement of the coupling elements in the closed position and the rounded edges of the coupling elements in combination with the smooth edges of the decorative elements ensures that the material to which the slide fastener is secured is not readily trapped between the coupling elements and the decorative elements.
- the coupling elements and decorative elements do not damage the material as there are no roughened surfaces on either the coupling elements or the decorative elements.
- FIG 2 there is illustrated a top plan view of a plastic coupling element for a slide fastener to which has been applied a decorative crystal according to the present invention.
- the coupling element (50) is comprised of a plastic material, more preferably a thermoplastic material and has is initially prepared by an injection moulding process.
- the body of the coupling element (55) is formed into the shape of a mushroom.
- coupling elements of different shapes may be prepared and used in the method of the present invention.
- the plastic coupling element further comprises a decorative element (60) in the form of a jewel, crystal or bead.
- the decorative element (60) resides within and is covered by the body of the coupling element.
- the decorative element is further surround by a well (65) which encircles the decorative element (60) and a raised bund or wall (70) which substantially encircles the well.
- plastic coupling elements for use in a slide fastener and as described with respect to Figures 2 , 4a and 4b is prepared as follows.
- Second of all coupling elements or a pre-form set of coupling elements are prepared from a blank of plastic material and are injection moulded onto a tape for a slide fastener. With this step, the coupling elements are fixed to the tape. This not only allows the desired shape of the coupling element to be achieved but also ensures uniformity with respect to the finished coupling element.
- a decorative element is then applied to the coupling element and preferably fitted into a shape or indentation for receiving one or more of the decorative elements and preferably allowed to settle.
- the decorative element is secured to the coupling element in a number of ways. For example, if starting from a pre-shaped coupling element, the decorative element may be applied to a desired surface of the coupling element and then the coupling element and decorative element are heated to a sufficient temperature to allow the plastic coupling element to become maleable without loosing the shape of the coupling element. Once the plastic of the coupling element has reached the desired maleable transition state the decorative elements is immersed into the softened coupling element so that the decorative element is substantially flush with the top surface of the coupling element. With this step, the decorative element are securely fixed to the coupling element.
- the decorative element may be applied to the top surface of the coupling element into which the coupling element is subsequently immersed, or the coupling element may be applied to an indented surface of the pre-formed coupling element into which the decorative element is subsequently immersed.
- the weight of the decorative elements ensures sufficient immersion of the decorative element into the coupling element. However, if required it is possible to apply additional pressure to the decorative element to ensure sufficient immersion of the decorative element into the coupling element.
- the decorative element may be further secured to the pre-formed coupling element or shaped coupling element prior to heating of the coupling element and decorative element. This may be achieved for example by a suitable adhesive. Alternatively, a protrusion or fastening means on the pre-formed coupling element may be employed which may be removed or lost when the coupling element and decorative element are heated to the maleable transition temperature of the coupling element.
- the coupling element and decorative element have been heated to the maleable transition temperature of the coupling element to allow immersion of the decorative element into the coupling element the coupling element and decorative element are then cooled to further set the decorative element into position on the coupling element.
- a well ((65) in Figure 2 ) forms around the decorative element and a further wall or bund ((70) in Figure 2 ) forms around the well.
- a lip may also be formed around the decorative element which further assists in holding the decorative element in place.
- a means for ensuring the pre-formed coupling element reaches a maleable state is applied to the coupling elements and decorative elements.
- various forms of heat may be applied to the coupling elements to ensure that the thermoplastic coupling elements may be deformed
- a preferred method in accordance with the present application is the use of an ultrasonic horn.
- the use of sonic waves ensures that the thermoplastic material at the interface between the coupling element and decorative element melts sufficiently. Whilst not wishing to be bound by any particular theory, it is assumed that the sonic waves pass through the body of the coupling element and as the thermoplastic material of the coupling element melts, the weight of the decorative element ensures that the decorative element is drawn further into the body of the coupling element.
- thermoplastic material of the coupling element solidifies, the grip of the coupling element on the decorative element intensifies.
- thermoplastic material of the coupling element creates a well and wall or bund around the decorative element.
- sonic waves may also be employed as appropriate to effect the required melting of the thermoplastic material.
- the required frequency of the sonic horn, and the time of application of the sonic waves in combination with the melting point of the thermoplastic material will vary according to the nature of the decorative element to be applied to the coupling elements and composition of the polymeric material used to form the coupling elements.
- the decorative elements may also be desirable to heat the decorative elements separately, either prior to insertion into the coupling elements or indeed whilst the decorative elements are in situ in the coupling elements and prior to application of the sonic heating. This additional heating of the decorative elements may be used to further enhance the bond between the decorative elements and the coupling elements.
- the coupling elements are shaped to form a recess for receiving the decorative elements prior to application of the heat source in the form of sonic waves
- the coupling elements are pre-heat treated and shaped to form a recess for receiving a decorative element and also to form a resilient lip on the rim of the recess used to hold the decorative element in place prior to heating the coupling element and decorative elements.
- the decorative elements may also be pre-shaped prior to insertion into the coupling elements.
- the method of the present invention is primarily designed for the preparation of plastic coupling elements on slide fasteners, it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that this methodology may also be applied to the adornment of slide pullers, end stops or plastic buckles and the like wherein the article to be embellished is comprised of plastics material and pre-formed into the desired shape prior to insertion of the decorative element and further sonic heating to provide the desired embellished slide fastener accessory.
- the smooth nature of the top of the decorative elements in combination with the smooth arrangement of the coupling elements ensures that the slider is not worn or abraded when it passes along the coupling elements of the slide fastener.
- the smooth and rounded nature of the coupling elements ensures that the material to which the slide fastener is attached is less prone to damage if brought in contact with the slide fastener and there is also less chance of threads from the material to which the slide fastener is attached becoming caught around the coupling elements and decorative elements.
- the smooth and substantially flat appearance of the slide fasteners illustrated in Figure 5 is both aesthetically pleasing to the eye and also to touch.
- the method of the present invention may also be applied to coupling elements in which for example a dual row of decorative elements is required for use in clothing and also home furnishing.
- Figure 3a there is illustrated a side view of a pre-cast plastic coupling element (80) prior to treatment with the method of the present invention without decorative element inserted.
- Figure 3b there is illustrated a perspective view of the pre-cast plastic coupling element (80) prior to treatment with the method of the present invention without decorative element inserted.
- Figure 4a there is illustrated a side view of the plastic coupling element (80) post treatment with the method of the present invention with decorative element inserted.
- Figure 4b there is illustrated a perspective view of the plastic coupling element (80) post treatment with the method of the present invention with decorative element inserted.
- the perspective view of the coupling element (80) illustrates that the pre-formed orifice (81) for receiving the decorative element is planar.
- the orifice is an entrance of the indentation.
- Figure 3b illustrates that the depth of the indentation may have an extremely shallow shape so as to approach the top surface of the coupling element.
- the top surface (82) of the coupling element (80) is planar.
- FIG 4b the perspective view of the coupling element (80) illustrates that the orifice for receiving the decorative element is now surround by a well (65) and a wall of bund (70) which substantially encircles the decorative element.
- the coupling element (80) is visible in the side view and the decorative element (88) is visible also in the side view.
- the decorative element (88) is also positioned towards the front face (91) of the coupling element so as not to be positioned above the cord (106a, 106b).
- the front face of the coupling element is the face which faces towards the stringer to which the opposing coupling elements are attached when the coupling elements are interdigitated.
- the coupling element (80) is illustrated in perspective view and the decorative element (88) is seen in position in the coupling element. Also visible are the well (65) and the bund or wall (70) which substantially surround and protect the decorative element.
- an orifice (92) which envelops the cord of a tape of the slide fastener when the plastic coupling element is moulded onto the slide fastener.
- the decorative element since the decorative element is positioned so as not to be positioned above the cord, the decorative element is not positioned directly above the orifice (92) and is positioned at a side of the front face (91) of the coupling element relative to the orifice.
Landscapes
- Slide Fasteners (AREA)
Claims (17)
- Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Reißverschlusses (100), der umfasst:ein Paar eines ersten und zweiten Reißverschlussbands (102, 103), das jedes ein Band (105a, 105b) und eine Reihe von auf einer längs gerichteten Kante des Bands befestigter Verbindungselemente (50) umfasst; undeinen Schieber (112), der angepasst wird, sich gleitend entlang der Reihen der Verbindungselemente zu bewegen;wobei die Verbindungselemente Kunststoffmaterial umfassen; undwobei die Verbindungselemente des Weiteren dekorative Elemente (120) umfassen, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfasst:Gestalten und Sichern der Kunststoffverbindungselemente an das Band vor dem Befestigen der dekorativen Elemente;gefolgt durch gemeinsames Erwärmen der Verbindungselemente und der dekorativen Elemente, um die dekorativen Elemente an die Verbindungselemente zu befestigen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die an die Verbindungselemente befestigten dekorativen Elemente im Wesentlichen nicht aus einer Ebene der Verbindungselemente herausragen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungselemente durch Spritzgießen von Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dekorativen Elemente in einer Position vor einer Wärmebehandlung mit den Verbindungselementen gehalten werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei die dekorativen Elemente in einer Vertiefung auf den Verbindungselementen vor der Wärmebehandlung mit den Verbindungselementen eingepasst werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei die dekorativen Elemente des Weiteren an den Verbindungselementen durch Klebstoff befestigt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, wobei den dekorativen Elementen erlaubt wird, sich vor der Wärmebehandlung mit den Verbindungselementen anzugleichen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungselemente und die dekorativen Elemente auf eine ausreichende Temperatur erwärmt werden, um den Kunststoffverbindungselementen zu gestatten, verformbar zu werden, ohne die gesamte Form der Verbindungselemente zu verlieren.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei, nachdem das Kunststoffmaterial für die Verbindungselemente einen gewünschten verformbaren Übergangszustand erreicht hat, die dekorativen Elemente in die erweichten Verbindungselemente eingebettet werden, damit jedes dekorative Element im Wesentlichen bündig mit einer Außenseite jedes Verbindungselements ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei des Weiteren Druck auf die dekorativen Elemente angewendet wird, um ein Einbetten der dekorativen Elemente in die Verbindungselemente sicherzustellen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei nach dem Erwärmen der Verbindungselemente und der dekorativen Elemente auf die Verformbarkeitsübergangstemperatur der Verbindungselemente, um ein Einbetten der dekorativen Elemente in die Verbindungselemente zu gestatten, die Verbindungselemente und die dekorativen Elemente dann gekühlt werden, um weiterhin die dekorativen Elemente auf den Verbindungselementen in Position zu setzen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dekorativen Elemente an die Verbindungselemente durch Verwenden von Schall- oder Radiowellen angeformt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Schall- oder Radiowellen durch Verwenden einer Sonotrode angewendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dekorativen Elemente vor einem Einsetzen in die Verbindungselemente vorgewärmt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 14, wobei die dekorativen Elemente vorgewärmt werden, während sie in der Vertiefung der Verbindungselemente vor der Wärmebehandlung der Verbindungselemente und der dekorativen Elemente sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dekorativen Elemente vor einem Einsetzen in die Verbindungselemente vorgeformt werden.
- Einsatz eines durch das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 für Kleidung und/oder Ausstattungen hergestellten Reißverschlusses.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1106283.3A GB2491801A (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | Method of forming decorated slide fastener |
PCT/GB2012/050809 WO2012140430A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-04-12 | Method of preparing slide fastener |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2696717A1 EP2696717A1 (de) | 2014-02-19 |
EP2696717B1 true EP2696717B1 (de) | 2017-08-09 |
Family
ID=44123058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12715133.0A Active EP2696717B1 (de) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-04-12 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines reissverschlusses |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2696717B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103476290B (de) |
GB (1) | GB2491801A (de) |
TW (1) | TWI480003B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012140430A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105077862A (zh) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江伟星实业发展股份有限公司 | 一种烫饰拉链制造装置 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH308551A (de) * | 1952-03-26 | 1955-07-31 | Walter Urban & Co Reissverschl | Reissverschluss. |
US3028647A (en) | 1959-03-31 | 1962-04-10 | Brier Mfg Company | Zipper lock |
JPS6070196U (ja) | 1983-10-20 | 1985-05-17 | トーソー株式会社 | ブラインド用ブラケツト |
JPH084525B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-25 | 1996-01-24 | ワイケイケイ株式会社 | スライドファスナーの上止め取付け装置 |
JPH0265926A (ja) | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 放電加工機適応制御装置 |
JP3463114B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-29 | 2003-11-05 | Ykk株式会社 | スライドファスナーの補強テープ |
US5588185A (en) | 1995-05-10 | 1996-12-31 | D. Swarovski & Co. | Zipper closure |
US5511292A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1996-04-30 | D. Swarovski & Co. | Zipper closure |
CN2285075Y (zh) | 1996-04-19 | 1998-07-01 | 厦门市台通塑胶有限公司 | 一种具有装饰功能的拉链 |
DE29611270U1 (de) | 1996-06-27 | 1996-09-05 | D. Swarovski & Co., Wattens | Reißverschluß |
US5713110A (en) | 1996-10-01 | 1998-02-03 | D. Swarovski & Co. | Zipper closure with decorative stones |
TW321987U (en) * | 1997-05-21 | 1997-12-01 | Genghis Zipper Co Ltd | Improved teeth of embedded zipper |
CN2293229Y (zh) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-10-07 | 恺升股份有限公司 | 一种嵌镶拉链链齿 |
AT2920U1 (de) | 1998-11-11 | 1999-07-26 | Swarovski & Co | Schmuckgegenstand |
CN201403619Y (zh) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-02-17 | 黄锦泽 | 钻饰拉链 |
CN201499714U (zh) * | 2009-08-14 | 2010-06-09 | 王永龙 | 光饰拉链 |
-
2011
- 2011-04-13 GB GB1106283.3A patent/GB2491801A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-12 EP EP12715133.0A patent/EP2696717B1/de active Active
- 2012-04-12 WO PCT/GB2012/050809 patent/WO2012140430A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-12 CN CN201280018302.0A patent/CN103476290B/zh active Active
- 2012-04-13 TW TW101113403A patent/TWI480003B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201247122A (en) | 2012-12-01 |
GB201106283D0 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
WO2012140430A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
CN103476290A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
EP2696717A1 (de) | 2014-02-19 |
CN103476290B (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
TWI480003B (zh) | 2015-04-11 |
GB2491801A (en) | 2012-12-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2696718B1 (de) | Dekorierter reissverschluss | |
US4849145A (en) | Process for the production of material having at least two layers | |
KR910009647B1 (ko) | 장식품의 제조 방법 | |
KR19990088341A (ko) | 테이프부착파스닝장치와그제조방법및파스너장치가부착된제품 | |
MX2014013203A (es) | Montura invisible y metodos y herramientas para efectuar la misma. | |
EP2696717B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines reissverschlusses | |
WO2017118678A1 (fr) | Bracelet et son procédé de fabrication | |
CN106880133A (zh) | 拉链用拉头 | |
US11284680B2 (en) | Flexible interlocking closure | |
CA2002875A1 (en) | Slider pull tab for slide fastener | |
US3605208A (en) | Molded clasp for slide fasteners | |
CN103478995B (zh) | 具有上止组件的快脱拉链及使用该拉链的衣物 | |
KR101255898B1 (ko) | 장식 부재를 갖는 슬라이드 패스너 및 그 제조 방법 | |
JPH11318519A (ja) | テープ付き係脱具及びその製造方法、並びに同係脱具が取り付けられた製品 | |
KR100552616B1 (ko) | 귀고리용 클립의 구조 | |
CN113508966B (zh) | 一种运动服拉链的拉片 | |
CN217446886U (zh) | 一种抽芯注塑拉片及其拉头 | |
CN112932034B (zh) | 一种拉链、注塑齿牙及其加工工艺 | |
KR200479413Y1 (ko) | 몰드프레임에 구성되는 장신구용 장식 | |
CN104026815B (zh) | 拉链牙链带及其制造方法 | |
CN211407836U (zh) | 一种拉链及前端止码 | |
KR100973057B1 (ko) | 장식용 테이프의 제조방법 | |
CN207639761U (zh) | 具有防盗功能的拉头 | |
TWI438080B (zh) | A method of manufacturing a rope buckle for shoes | |
CN101966027A (zh) | 磁力对开式珠链首饰锁扣 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20131011 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 602012035607 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: A44B0019040000 Ipc: A44B0019260000 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: A44B 19/26 20060101AFI20161110BHEP Ipc: A44B 19/04 20060101ALI20161110BHEP |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20170111 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAL | Information related to payment of fee for publishing/printing deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR3 |
|
GRAR | Information related to intention to grant a patent recorded |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR71 |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20170703 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 915862 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20170815 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602012035607 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20170809 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 915862 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20171109 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20171110 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20171209 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20171109 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602012035607 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20180511 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602012035607 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20180430 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180412 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20181101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180430 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180430 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180412 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180412 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20120412 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170809 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20200312 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20170809 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20200401 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20210412 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210430 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210412 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230428 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20240313 Year of fee payment: 13 |