EP2691180A1 - Elektrodenanordnung für eine elektrodynamische fragmentierungsanlage - Google Patents
Elektrodenanordnung für eine elektrodynamische fragmentierungsanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP2691180A1 EP2691180A1 EP12709777.2A EP12709777A EP2691180A1 EP 2691180 A1 EP2691180 A1 EP 2691180A1 EP 12709777 A EP12709777 A EP 12709777A EP 2691180 A1 EP2691180 A1 EP 2691180A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- passage
- passage opening
- passageway
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation system, to a fragmentation system comprising such an electrode arrangement and to a method for fragmenting pieces of material using such an electrode arrangement according to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
- the fragmentation material for example a bed of concrete pieces, is arranged between two electrodes and comminuted by applying high voltage pulses to the electrodes, which leads to high-voltage breakdowns through the fragmentation material.
- the item to be fragmented is to be comminuted to a specific target size, it is removed from the fragmentation zone once the target size has been reached.
- the fragmentation zone is formed in such a way that one or more openings with a size corresponding to the target size are present in their boundaries, via which the fragmentation material comminuted to the target size can leave the fragmentation zone.
- DE 195 34 232 A1 discloses a device for the electrodynamic fragmentation fragmentation material, in which the bottom of the process container is formed by a bottom electrode designed as a dome-shaped screen, which is at ground potential. Above the bottom electrode, a central rod-shaped high-voltage electrode is arranged at a distance. in the Operation, the process container is filled with Fragmentiergut and a process liquid, such that the Fragmentiergut rests as a bed on the bottom of the process container and dips the high-voltage electrode in the fragmentation protein bed and the process liquid.
- the high-voltage electrode is subjected to high-voltage pulses, so that between the bottom electrode and the high-voltage electrode high-voltage breakdowns take place through the Fragmentiergut, which comminute this. Fragments of fragmentation, which are smaller than the sieve openings of the bottom electrode, pass through these sieve openings and thereby leave the fragmentation zone.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to an electrode assembly for an electrodynamic fragmentation system with a passage opening or a passage for Fragmentiergut and with one pair of electrodes or more electrode pairs, by means of which by applying the electrodes of the respective electrode pair with high voltage pulses, each high voltage discharges can be generated within the passage opening or the passage, for fragmenting the Fragmentierguts.
- a passage opening in the claimed sense can have a relatively small axial extent in the direction of passage, while a passage channel in the claimed sense has a significantly more pronounced extent in the direction of passage and is present in particular when electrodes are arranged in succession in several planes axially one behind the other.
- the electrodes of the electrode pairs can be formed by separate individual electrodes and / or by electrode projections on one or more electrically conductive electrode bodies. In the case of individual electrodes, these can be electrically insulated from one another or can also be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner. Also, multiple electrode pairs may share a single electrode or an electrode projection of an electrode body as a common electrode. Thus, for example, a plurality of pairs of electrodes may be formed by assigning a single electrode to be charged with high voltage pulses to an electrode body having a plurality of ground electrodes, or an electrode body at ground potential, so that a high voltage breakdown per voltage pulse across one The electrode pairs thus formed take place, depending on the current conductivity situation in the area of the electrode pairs.
- the passage opening or the through-passage is designed in this way and the electrodes of the electrode pairs are arranged therein or the passage or passage is formed by the electrodes of the pair of electrodes or pairs of electrodes such that at least in the region of a shortest connecting line between the electrodes one of the electrode pairs, preferably adjacent to one or both electrodes of this electrode pair, a ball can pass through the passage opening or the passage channel whose diameter is greater than the length of this shortest connecting line between the electrodes.
- a sphere is in the sense of the meaning "in the area of the shortest connecting line" between two electrodes, if the sum of their shortest connecting lines to these two electrodes is shorter than the shortest connecting line between the two electrodes.
- the first aspect of the invention thus relates to an electrode assembly for an electrodynamic fragmentation system with a passage opening or a passage for Fragmentiergut and at least two electrodes, between which high voltage discharges can be generated within the passage opening or the passageway by applying the same with high voltage pulses , for fragmentation of the Fragmentierguts.
- the electrodes are arranged in such a way within the passage opening or the passage or form derar ⁇ term the passage opening or the passage that the smallest distance between two electrodes, between which high voltage discharges can be generated, is smaller than the diameter of a largest ball, which the passage opening or pass through the passageway in the region of these two electrodes.
- the electrode arrangement has a plurality of electrode pairs, by means of which high-voltage discharges within the passage opening or passage channel can be generated by applying the respective associated electrodes with high-voltage pulses, for the fragmentation of the fragmentation material.
- the passage opening or the passageway is advantageously designed in this way and the electrodes of the electrode pairs are arranged therein or the passage opening or the passageway channel is formed by the electrodes of the electrode pairs such that each electrode pair is in the region of the shortest connecting line between the latter Electrodes, preferably adjacent to one or both electrodes of this pair of electrodes, a ball can pass through the passage opening or the passage channel whose diameter is greater than the length of the respective shortest connecting line between the electrodes. In the region of each of the pairs of electrodes, it is therefore preferable for a ball to pass through the passage opening or the through-passage, the diameter of which is greater than the length of the shortest connecting line between the electrodes of the respective one
- the electrode assembly is formed such that seen in the passage direction of the passage opening or the passageway on both sides of the respective shortest connecting lines between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair in the region of this shortest connecting line, preferably adjacent to one of the electrodes or both electrodes, a ball through the Passage opening or the passageway can pass through, whose diameter is greater than the length of this shortest connecting line.
- the electrode arrangement is designed such that the diameter of the respective ball, which in the region of the respective shortest connecting line between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, preferably adjacent to at least one of the two electrodes of the respective electrode pair, through the passage opening or can pass through the passageway, each greater than 1.2 times, preferably as 1.5 times the length of the respective shortest connecting line between the electrodes.
- the passage opening or the passage channel has a round or rectangular, preferably circular base or cross-sectional shape, wherein in particular radially demarcations of the external loading of the passage opening or the Natural Stammska ⁇ Nals forth one or more with Advantage rod-shaped or tip-shaped electrode projections protrude into the passage opening or the passageway, preferably with the release of the center of the passage opening or the passageway.
- Such electrode arrangements are easy to manufacture and also allow Designs in which worn electrode projections can be easily replaced from the outside.
- the passage opening or the passage channel has an annular, preferably annular basic shape or cross-sectional shape.
- a passage opening or a passageway with an annular basic or cross-sectional shape is here understood in the broadest sense, a passage opening or a passageway which extends or circumferentially seen around in the direction of flow forming around its inner boundaries around body.
- the annular base or cross-sectional shape may have a wide variety of geometric shapes, e.g. star-shaped or polygonal, in particular rectangular or square shaped or have the shape of an elliptical ring or a circular ring. In addition, this can have a uniform width or a varying width over its circumference in the flow direction.
- the design options with respect to the passage opening or the passage are significantly extended and embodiments are possible in which a plurality of electrode pairs, which are provided for generating high-voltage discharges in the passage opening or the passage, with high voltage pulses can be applied via a central high voltage supply.
- the electrode projections are preferred for project into the passage opening or into the passage channel perpendicular to the intended passage direction or inclined in a direction opposite to the intended passage direction.
- the electrode projections are directed towards Fragmentiergut, which increases the likelihood of direct contact with the Fragmentiergut, which, in particular for certain piece sizes of Fragmentierguts, a further improvement in the efficiency of the fragmentation process is made possible.
- Electrode projections can be electrically insulated from one another or some or all of the electrode projections, for example via an insulating layer in the insulator. body extending connecting line, be electrically connected to each other.
- a plurality of rod-shaped or tip-shaped electrode projections project from the inner boundaries and from the outer boundaries of the passage opening or the passageway into the passage opening or the Passage channel into it.
- each of the electrode projections, which protrude from the inner boundaries into the passage opening or the through-passage in each case at least two of the electrode projections, which protrude from the outer boundaries in the passage opening or the passageway.
- the respective electrode projection disposed on the inner boundaries together with the associated electrode projections forms a plurality of electrode pairs at the outer boundaries, which share these as a common electrode.
- one or more preferably rod-shaped or point-shaped electrode projections project from the inner boundaries of the passage opening or passage channel into the passage opening or passage channel, while the outer limit stops.
- tongues of the passage opening or of the passage channel are formed by a single electrode, which is preferably annular.
- the outer boundaries of the passage opening or of the passage channel thus form a circumferential electrode, which in each case forms an electrode pair with each of the electrode projections.
- a plurality of preferably rod-shaped or pointed electrode projections project from the inner boundaries of the passage opening or passage channel into the passage opening or through-passage, with some or all of these electrode projections inclined in a direction opposite to the intended use Passage direction protrude into the passage opening or the passageway, preferably in such a way that their free ends are in the axial direction beyond a corporeality carrying these electrode projections.
- the inner boundaries of the passage opening or of the passage channel are formed by a single, preferably disc-shaped, rod-shaped or spherical electrode.
- the latter has a passage for fragmentation in which, at different axial positions relative to the intended passage direction of the outer boundaries and / or, if present, of the inner boundaries of the passage channel preferably rod-shaped or tip-shaped electrode projections protrude into the passageway.
- Such electrode arrangements are also referred to below as multi-stage electrode arrangements.
- the electrode projections projecting from the inner boundaries of the passage channel into the passage channel and arranged at the first axial position project in an inclined manner in a direction opposite to the intended passage direction into the passage channel.
- the electrode projections arranged in the axial position following the first axial position ie the electrode projections arranged on a second, third and axial position, to be perpendicular to the direction of passage or inclined in direction Direction of the intended direction of penetration protrude into the passageway.
- the passage of the crushed to target size Fragmentierguts is facilitated by the passageway.
- the electrode tabs extend such in the passage channel in that it is impassable for a cylindrical pERSonal by with hemispherical ends, which has a diam ⁇ ser corresponding to the diameter of the largest sphere which may be the passageway to pass, comprising and has a height of more than 1.1 times, preferably more than 1.3 times this diameter.
- the electrode projections are uniform in circumference when viewed in the intended passage direction arranged distributed over the outer boundaries and / or the inner boundaries of the passage opening and the passageway. This results in a geometry of the passage opening or the Passage channel, which favors the fragmentation of Fragmentierguts in uniform as possible pieces.
- a blocking device is arranged on the intended exit side of the passage opening or the passage channel, which is designed with respect to their geometry and with respect to the passage opening or the passageway arranged such that a ball with the diameter of the largest ball , which can pass through the passage opening or the passage, can be led away from the passage opening or the passage, while a cylindrical body with hemispherical ends, which has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the largest ball, which the passage opening or the passageway can happen, and has a height of more than 1.1 times, in particular more than 1.3 times this diameter, by the locking device at the exit of the passage opening or the passage g is prevented.
- This also makes it possible to make the passage channel impassable for long Fragmentiergut Koreane with Zielkorn trimmesser and thereby cause the emerging from the passageway Fragmentiergut is substantially compact and contains virtually no long grain.
- the locking device is designed as a deflection device for the exiting Fragmentiergut, which is designed with respect to their distance from the electrodes and the deflection angle of such that a ball with the diameter of the largest ball, which the passage opening or pass through the passageway, can be guided by the deflection of the passage opening or from the passageway, while a cylindrical body with hemispherical ends, which has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the large th ball which can pass through the passage opening or the passage channel, and having a height of more than 1.1 times, in particular of more than 1.3 times this diameter, is prevented by the deflection at leaving the passage opening or the passageway.
- such deflection devices are formed by one or more inclined plates.
- Such locking devices are effective and inexpensive to manufacture.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a fragmentation system for the electrodynamic fragmentation fragmentation with at least one electrode assembly according to the first aspect of the invention and with a high voltage pulse generator for Beauf- tion of the electrodes of the electrode assembly with
- the electrode arrangement is oriented in such a way that the passage opening or the passageway has a vertical passage direction. In this way, it becomes possible to effect the pressurization of the electrode arrangement with the material to be fragmented and the passage of the fragmented material pieces through the passage opening or the passage channel exclusively by means of gravity conveying.
- the electrode arrangement has a passage opening or a passageway with an annular, preferably annular Grund standing. Cross-sectional shape.
- the high-voltage pulse generator is arranged below the passage opening or the passage channel and at the inner boundaries of the passage opening or the passageway Channels formed electrodes are applied directly from below with the high voltage pulse generator with high voltage pulses.
- the outer boundary of the passage opening or the passage or the electrodes arranged on these outer boundaries are at ground potential.
- the lead of the high voltage pulse generator leading to the electrodes formed at the inner boundaries of the passage opening or of the passage channel has to be insulated, and very short supply paths can be realized, which is preferred.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to the use of the fragmentation plant according to the second aspect of the invention for fragmenting poorly conductive material, preferably of silicon, concrete or slag. In such uses, the benefits of the invention are particularly evident.
- a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method for fragmenting material by means of high-voltage discharges to a piece size less than or equal to a target size.
- an electrode assembly according to the first aspect of the invention is used, which is a
- Passage opening or a passageway for the Fragmentiergut which is or which is formed such that pieces of material with a piece size less than or equal to the target size by the
- Passage opening or the passage channel can pass, while pieces of material with a size greater than the size of the target size, the passage opening or the passage channel can not pass and are thus retained by the electrode assembly.
- the electrode assembly is grooved on one side of its passage opening or its passage channel with material to be fragmented to a fragment size. ser acted as the target size, wherein any pieces of material contained in the acted Fragmentiergut pieces can pass with a piece size less than or equal to the target size through the passage opening or the passageway
- High voltage pulses are applied to the electrodes of the electrode arrangement, so that high-voltage discharges take place in the passage opening or the passageway, through which pieces of material projecting into or protruding into the passage opening or passageway are fragmented.
- the pieces of material fragmented in this way to a size smaller than or equal to the target size are passed through the passage opening or the passageway of the electrode arrangement and thus removed from the fragmentation zone.
- the charging of the electrode arrangement with material to be fragmented and the passage of the fragmented pieces of material through the passage opening or through the passageway is effected by means of gravity conveying.
- the passage opening or the passageway of the electrode arrangement during the Generating the high-voltage discharges flooded with a process liquid.
- the passage opening or the passageway is flowed through in the material passage direction with the process liquid.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a second electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a third electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a fourth electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a fifth electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a sixth electrode arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of a seventh electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a plan view of an eighth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 8a is a plan view of a ninth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 8b shows a vertical section through part of a first fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 8a;
- 9 shows a plan view of a tenth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- 10 is a plan view of an eleventh electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 11 shows a plan view of a twelfth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 11a shows a vertical section through part of a second fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 11;
- Fig. IIb is a representation like Fig. IIa with the inventive system in Fragment michs ses;
- FIG. 11c shows an illustration like FIG. IIa with schematically shown spherical and cylindrical bodies arranged in the passage opening;
- FIG. 11 a shows a representation like FIG. 11 a with a long-grain fragment arranged in the electrode arrangement
- FIG. 11 shows a representation like FIG. 11 a of the second fragmentation system according to the invention with a variant of the electrode arrangement from FIG. 11;
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of a thirteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 12a shows a vertical section through part of a third fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 12;
- FIG. 12b shows a representation like FIG. 12a of the third fragmentation system according to the invention with a variant of the electrode arrangement from FIG. 12;
- FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a fourteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 14 shows a plan view of a fifteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 14a shows a vertical section through part of a fourth fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 14;
- FIG. 14b shows a representation like FIG. 14a of the fourth fragmentation system according to the invention with a variant of the electrode arrangement from FIG. 14;
- FIG. FIG. 15 shows a plan view of a sixteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention;
- FIG. 15a shows a vertical section through part of a fifth fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 15.
- Fig. 1 shows a first inventive electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation plant in plan view.
- the electrode arrangement has a passage opening 1 with a rectangular basic or cross-sectional shape for fragmented material, from the outer boundaries of which three rod-shaped electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c project into it, leaving the center of the passage opening 1 clear.
- the outer boundaries of the passage opening 1 are formed by an insulator body 7.
- the electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c are formed by individual electrodes carried by the insulator body 7.
- the two jointly arranged on one side of the outer boundaries of the passage opening 1 electrodes 5b, 5c are electrically conductively connected via a line (not visible) and isolated via the insulator body 7 electrically opposite to the electrode 5a opposite them.
- the three electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c form two electrode pairs 5a, 5b and 5a, 5c, by means of which, by applying high voltage pulses to the electrodes, eg by placing the two lower electrodes 5b, 5c at ground potential, while the upper electrode 5a is connected to a high-voltage generating ⁇ pulse generator, each high-voltage discharges within the passage opening 1 can be generated, for fragmentation of Fragmentiergut, which enters into the passage opening 1 or is in the vicinity of one of the pairs of electrodes.
- the passage opening 1 is formed in this way and the electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c are arranged in such a way that each electrode pair 5a, 5b and 5a, 5c in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes 5a, 5b and 5a, 5c of the respective electric - denrects (each shown dotted) a ball K
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a second electrode arrangement according to the invention, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 1 in that its passage opening 1 has a circular base or cross-sectional shape, two rod-shaped electrodes lying opposite the outer boundaries thereof. Trodenvorsprünge 5a, 5b protrude radially into this, also leaving the center of the passage opening. 1
- the outer boundaries of the passage opening 1 are formed by an insulator body 7 and the electrode projections 5a, 5b of individual electrodes, which are supported by the insulator body 7.
- the two electrodes 5a, 5b form an electrode pair 5a, 5b, by means of which high-voltage discharges within the passage opening 1 can be generated.
- the passage opening 1 is also formed in this way and the electrodes 5a, 5b are arranged in such a way that in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes 5a, 5b (shown in dotted lines) a ball K (shown in phantom) passes through the passage opening 1 can, whose diameter is greater than the length of this connecting line L.
- Fig. 3 shows a third inventive
- Electrode arrangement in plan view which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in Fig.l differs only in that the passage opening 1 has a circular basic or cross-sectional shape, from the outer boundaries of the electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c protrude radially into this. All other statements previously made with respect to the electrode arrangement shown in Fig.l apply mutatis mutandis to this electrode assembly and therefore need not be repeated at this point.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 2 only in that it consists of two successively arranged electrode arrangements according to FIG. 2, which have a common insulator body 7, and that the rear one Electrode assembly is rotated by 90 ° relative to the front.
- the electrodes 5c, 5d of the rear electrode assembly are here shown dotted to indicate that they are disposed in a plane behind the electrodes 5a, 5b of the front electrode assemblies. All other statements previously made with respect to the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 2 also apply analogously to this electrode arrangement and therefore need not be repeated at this point.
- the electrode arrangement has a passage 2 with an annular base or cross-sectional shape whose outer boundaries are formed by a rectangular metal tube 5, for example made of stainless steel.
- the inner boundaries of the passage 2 are formed by a solid metal profile 4, for example also made of stainless steel, with a square cross-section, which is arranged in the center of the tube 5 and the outer surfaces with the opposite inner surfaces of the rectangular metal tube 5 each angle of 45 ° form.
- the corners of the Full profile 4 as electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, which together with the respective opposite inner wall region of the metal tube 5 each have a pair of electrodes 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 form, by means of which, by applying the rectangular metal tube 5 and the metal solid profile 4 with high voltage pulses, for example by the tube 5 is grounded while the solid section 4 is connected to a high voltage pulse generator, each high voltage discharges within the passageway 2 can be generated ,
- the shortest connecting lines L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pairs 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 are shown dotted.
- the passageway channel 2 is formed by the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5 such that each electrode pair 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5;
- a ball K can pass through the passageway 2 whose diameter is greater than the length of this shortest connecting line L.
- FIG. 6 shows a sixth electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 5 in that a metal solid profile 4 with a square cross-section is not arranged in the center of the rectangular metal tube 5, but an insulator body 6 with a circular one Cross-section, of which in each case in the direction of one of the corners of the rectangular metal tube 5 pointing four electrode electrodes formed by individual electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d protrude radially outward.
- Electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are screwed into a conductor (not shown) running in the center of the insulator body 6 and are thereby connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, so that they can be acted upon jointly by high-voltage pulses via this conductor.
- each of the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d forms, together with each of the two inner walls of the rectangular metal tube 5 opposite thereto, in each case an electrode pair by means of which high-voltage discharges can be generated within the passage channel 2.
- the shortest connecting lines L between the electrodes of the respective pairs of electrodes thus formed are shown dotted.
- the passageway 2 is formed in this way and the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5 arranged such that in each of the eight by the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5 arranged such that in each of the eight by the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5 arranged such that in each of the eight by the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5 arranged such that in each of the eight by the
- FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a seventh electrode arrangement according to the invention.
- the electrode arrangement has a passage opening 1 with an annular basic or cross-sectional shape, the outer boundaries of which are formed by a metal ring 5.
- the inner boundaries of the passage opening 1 are formed by a star-shaped electrode body 4, also made of metal, which is arranged in the center of the ring 5.
- the star-shaped electrode body 4 forms four electrode projections 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 d, which in each case together with the respective inner wall region of the ring 5 surrounding the electrode body 4, a pair of electrodes 4 a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 form, by means of which each high-voltage discharges within the
- Passage channel 2 can be generated.
- the shortest connecting lines L between the electrodes of the respective Electrode pairs 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 are shown dotted.
- the passage opening 1 is in this case formed by the metal ring 5 and the electrode body 4 or by the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5, that per pair of electrodes 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, a ball K can pass through the passage opening 1 whose diameter is greater than the length of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5.
- FIG. 8 shows an eighth electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 7 only in that, instead of the star-shaped
- Electrode body is an insulator body 6 arranged thereon with electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d as in the embodiment of Fig. 6 described in the center of the metal ring 5 is arranged.
- each of the electrode projections forms
- the passage opening 1 is also here of the metal ring 5 and the
- FIG. 8a shows a ninth electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 8 only in that the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are inclined from the central insulator body 6 in a direction opposite to the intended passage direction S in FIG the passage opening 1 protrude.
- Fig. 8b which is a
- the electrode arrangement in the fragmentation installation is oriented in such a way that its passage opening 1 has a vertical passage direction S in accordance with the intended purpose.
- the four electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d form the upper end of a high voltage electrode 9, which is connected to a directly below this arranged high voltage pulse generator (not shown), for applying the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d with high voltage pulses.
- the metal ring 5 is at ground potential.
- a supply funnel 13 is arranged, by means of which the fragmentation material to be comminuted can be fed by gravity feed to the electrode arrangement.
- a deflecting device in the form of a conical deflecting plate 10 is arranged, which deflect the fragmenting material emerging from the electrode assembly and comminuted to target size radially outwards and can lead away from the electrode assembly by gravity feed.
- Fig. 9 shows a tenth invention according to
- Electrode arrangement in plan view which differs from differs only in that the outer boundaries of the passage opening 1 are not formed by a metal ring, but by a tubular insulator body 7, which on its inner side in each case opposite to the individual electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the Star-shaped electrode body 4 carries lenticular individual electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d made of metal, which are connected via a connecting line (not shown) electrically conductive with each other.
- the four electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the star-shaped electrode body 4 each form, together with the respective individual electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d opposite them, an electrode pair 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d, by means of which high-voltage discharges within the passageway 2 can be generated.
- the shortest connecting lines L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pairs 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 are in turn each shown dotted.
- the passage opening 1 is formed by the tubular insulator body 7 with the individual electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d arranged thereon and the electrode body 4 such that each electrode pair 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d in the area of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective
- Electrode pair a ball K can pass through the passage opening 1, whose diameter is greater than the length of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d.
- FIG. 10 shows an eleventh electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 9 only in that, instead of the star-shaped electrode body, a solid metal profile 4 with square is arranged in the center of the tubular insulator body 7 as in FIG. 5.
- the corners of the solid profile 4 serve as electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d which, together with the respective lenticular individual electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d opposite them, each have an electrode pair 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d form, by means of which high voltage discharges can be generated.
- the shortest connecting lines L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pairs 4a, 5; 4b, 5; 4c, 5; 4d, 5 are again shown dotted.
- This electrode arrangement has a passage 2 which is formed by the tubular insulator body 7 with the individual electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d arranged thereon and the electrode body 4 in such a way that each electrode pair 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective pair of electrodes, a ball K can pass through the passage channel whose diameter is greater than the length of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective pair of electrodes 4a, 5a; 4b, 5b; 4c, 5c; 4d, 5d.
- FIG. 11 shows a twelfth electrode arrangement according to the invention in plan view, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 8 in that the outer boundaries of the passage opening 1 are formed instead of a metal ring by a tubular insulator body 7 which is mounted on its Inner side uniformly distributed over its circumference radially into the passage opening 1 projecting rod-shaped electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h.
- each of the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d which protrude from the central insulator body 6 in the radial direction into the passage opening 1, two of the rod-shaped electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h assigned, which on the inside side of the tubular insulator body 7 are arranged.
- the passage opening 1 is in this case of the tubular insulator body 7 with the electrode projections arranged thereon 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h and the central insulator body 6 with the electrode projections 4a arranged thereon, 4b, 4c, 4d formed that each pair of electrodes 4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, a ball K can pass through the passage opening 1 whose diameter is greater than the length of this shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective pair of electrodes 4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h.
- FIGS. 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d show vertical sections through part of a second fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 11, once without fragmentation material (FIG. 11a), once with fragmented material (FIG spherical and cylindrical bodies arranged in the passage opening (Fig. 11c) and once with a long grain fragment disposed in the passage opening 1 of the electrode assembly (Fig. Lld).
- the electrode assembly is oriented in the fragmentation such that its passage opening 1 a vertical passage direction S has.
- the central insulator body 6 with the four electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d forms the upper end of a cylindrical high-voltage electrode 9, which is connected to a high-voltage pulse generator (not shown) directly below it, for acting on the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d with high voltage pulses.
- the electrode protrusions 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h carried by the tubular insulator body 7 are grounded.
- a feed hopper 13 is arranged, by means of which the Fragmentiergut 3 to be crushed is fed by gravity of the electrode assembly.
- a deflection device in the form of a conical deflecting plate 10 which deflects the fragmenting material IIa emerging from the electrode arrangement and shredded to target size radially outwards and leads away from the electrode arrangement by gravity feed.
- the deflection device 10 forms a blocking device which is designed with respect to its geometry and arranged with respect to the passage opening 1 such that a cylindrical body Z with hemispherical ends, which has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the largest ball K, which can pass through the passage opening 1 in the respective passage area, and has a height of more than 1.3 times this diameter is prevented by this locking device 10 leaving the passage opening 1, while the largest ball K, which the passage opening 1 can happen in the respective passage area can be led away from the passage opening 1 by the deflection device 10.
- FIG. 1 shows a variant of the second fragmentation system according to the invention. This differs from the fragmentation system shown in Fig. IIa only in that all electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h inclined in a direction opposite to the intended direction of passage S in the passage opening 1 protrude.
- FIG. 11 shows a plan view of a thirteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 11 only in that, instead of the central insulator body with the electrode projections arranged thereon, a conical electrode 4 made of metal surrounds the inner boundaries the passage opening 1 forms.
- the rod-shaped electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h projecting radially into the passage opening 1 from the inside of the tubular insulator body 7 form a total of eight pairs of electrodes 4, in each case with the edge region of the conical electrode 4 lying opposite them.
- the passage opening 1 is formed by the tubular insulator body 7 with the electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h and the central cone electrode 4 arranged thereon, such that each pair of electrodes 4, 5a; 4, 5b; 4, 5c; 4, 5d; 4, 5e; 4, 5f; 4, 5g; 4, 5h in the region of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, a ball K can pass through the passage opening 1 whose diameter is greater than the length of the shortest connecting line L between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair 4, 5a; 4, 5b; 4, 5c; 4, 5d; 4, 5e; 4, 5f; 4, 5g; 4, 5h.
- FIG. 12a shows a vertical section through a part of a third fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 12.
- This fragmentation system differs from the fragmentation system according to FIGS. 11a-lld only by the design of the central high-voltage electrode 9, the upper end of which is characterized by the cone-shaped one Electrode 4 is formed. All other statements made to the electrode arrangement shown in Figures lla-lld apply mutatis mutandis to this electrode assembly and therefore need not be repeated at this point.
- FIG. 12 b shows a variant of the third fragmentation system according to the invention. This differs from the fragmentation system shown in FIG. 12a only in that the electrodes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h arranged on the tubular insulator body 7 are inclined in a direction opposite to the intended passage direction S in FIG the passage opening 1 protrude.
- FIG. 13 shows a plan view of a fourteenth electrode arrangement according to the invention, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 9 only in that it consists of two successively arranged electrode assemblies according to FIG. 9, which have a common insulator body 7, and that the rear electrode assembly is rotated by 45 ° relative to the front.
- the electrodes 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h and 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h of the rear electrode assembly are shown dotted here to indicate that they are in a plane behind the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of the front electrode assembly are arranged. All other statements made to the electrode arrangement shown in Figure 9 apply mutatis mutandis to this electrode arrangement and therefore need not be repeated at this point.
- FIG. 14 shows a plan view of a fifteenth inventive electrode arrangement, which differs from the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 11 only in that it consists of two successively arranged electrode arrangements according to FIG. 11, which have a common insulator body 7, and the electrode projections 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h of the rear electrode arrangement projecting from the central insulator body 6 into the passage channel 2 are rotated by 45 ° about the central axis of the electrode arrangement.
- FIG. 14 a shows a vertical section through part of a fourth fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 14.
- the electrode arrangement is oriented in such a way that the passage channel 2 has a vertical passage direction S.
- the central insulator body 6 with the eight electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h offset at the circumference forms the upper end of a cylindrical high-voltage electrode 9, which, as in the case of the fragmentation systems described above, participates a high voltage pulse generator is arranged directly below this, for the common loading of the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h with high voltage pulses.
- the electrode projections 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h, 5i, 5j, 5k, 51, 5m, 5n, 5o, 5p carried by the tubular insulator body 7 are jointly connected to earth potential.
- a supply funnel 13 is also arranged above the electrode arrangement, by means of which the fragmentation material 3 to be comminuted passes through
- a deflection device which deflects radially outward the fragmented material emerging from the electrode arrangement and comminuted to target size and leads away from the electrode arrangement by gravity feed.
- FIG. 14b shows a variant of the fourth fragmentation system according to the invention. This differs from the fragmentation system shown in FIG. 14a in that all the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h, which in turn seen in the first axial position, inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of passage S according to the passage in the passage 2 protrude.
- the four electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d which project from the central insulator body 6 into the through-channel 2, form the upper end of the high-voltage electrode 9.
- FIG. 15 shows a vertical section through part of a fifth fragmentation system according to the invention with the electrode arrangement from FIG. 15.
- the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 8 and FIG shown in Fig. 8a substantially in that here the electrode projections 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are supported by an electrically conductive lens-shaped body 14 which is adjacent to the insulator body 6 of the high voltage electrode 9 on its underside and at its intended direction of passage S. opposite end face carries an insulator cap 15.
- the metal ring 5 forms an inlet funnel for the passage opening 1.
- a supply funnel 13 by means of which the fragmentation material to be comminuted is fed by gravity feed to the electrode arrangement.
- a deflection device in the form of a conversion device is also provided below the electrode arrangement, ie on the exit side of the electrode arrangement.
- guide plate 10 is arranged, which deflects the fragmentation material emerging from the electrode assembly and crushed to target size to the outside and leads away from the electrode assembly by gravity.
- this baffle 10 is not conical in shape as in the fragmentation systems described above, but as a substantially flat inclined surface, which is penetrated by the high-voltage electrode 9.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CH2011/000066 WO2012129708A1 (de) | 2011-03-30 | 2011-03-30 | Elektrodenanordnung für eine elektrodynamische fragmentierungsanlage |
PCT/CH2012/000054 WO2012129713A1 (de) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-08 | Elektrodenanordnung für eine elektrodynamische fragmentierungsanlage |
Publications (2)
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EP2691180A1 true EP2691180A1 (de) | 2014-02-05 |
EP2691180B1 EP2691180B1 (de) | 2017-04-05 |
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EP12709777.2A Active EP2691180B1 (de) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-03-08 | Elektrodenanordnung für eine elektrodynamische fragmentierungsanlage |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9604225B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2691180B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5946518B2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2012234676B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2830572C (de) |
ES (1) | ES2629703T3 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2591718C2 (de) |
WO (2) | WO2012129708A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201307291B (de) |
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DE102010025969A1 (de) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Schott Ag | Locherzeugung mit Mehrfach-Elektroden |
DE102010025966B4 (de) | 2010-07-02 | 2012-03-08 | Schott Ag | Interposer und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Löchern in einem Interposer |
NO3060347T3 (de) * | 2013-10-25 | 2018-03-31 | ||
DE102014008989B4 (de) * | 2014-06-13 | 2022-04-07 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung von Feststoffen mittels Elektroimpulsen |
JP6535315B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-06-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 物品の分解装置 |
CN106733062A (zh) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 沈阳农业大学 | 根茎类粉体电场分散装置 |
DE102018131541A1 (de) | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-10 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Einrichtung zur Beanspruchung von Partikeln mittels Elektroimpulsen |
Family Cites Families (16)
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FR1341851A (fr) * | 1962-12-17 | 1963-11-02 | Enertron Corp | Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de matières, notamment par pulvérisation et le mélange de matières par une nouvelle action électrohydraulique |
US3715082A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1973-02-06 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Electro-hydraulic crushing apparatus |
SU845844A1 (ru) | 1973-04-04 | 1981-07-15 | Научно-Исследовательский Институтвысоких Напряжений При Томскомордена Октябрьской Революции Иордена Трудового Красного Знамениполитехническом Институте Им.C.M.Кирова | Дробильно-измельчительное устрой-CTBO |
SU845843A1 (ru) | 1973-04-04 | 1981-07-15 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Высоких Напряжений При Томском Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехническом Институте Им.С.М.Кирова | Электроимпульсна дробильно-измель-чиТЕльНА KAMEPA |
SU852356A1 (ru) | 1973-10-10 | 1981-08-07 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Высокихнапряжений При Tomckom Политехническоминституте Им. C.M.Кирова | Устройство дл дроблени и измельчени |
SU555226A1 (ru) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-04-25 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6767 | Установка дл электрического дроблени горных пород |
SU697188A1 (ru) * | 1977-09-26 | 1979-11-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6292 | Устройство дл измельчени неметаллических материалов |
RU1441542C (ru) | 1987-04-13 | 1993-10-15 | Научно-исследовательский институт высоких напр жений при Томском политехническом институте им.С.М.Кирова | Электроимпульсна дробильно-измельчительна установка |
SU1719075A1 (ru) | 1990-04-06 | 1992-03-15 | Экспериментальный кооператив "ЭГИДА-А" | Устройство дл электрогидравлического дроблени и измельчени твердых материалов |
DE19534232C2 (de) | 1995-09-15 | 1998-01-29 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung und Zertrümmerung von aus nichtmetallischen oder teilweise metallischen Bestandteilen konglomerierten Festkörpern und zur Zerkleinerung homogener nichtmetallischer Festkörper |
GB9714833D0 (en) | 1997-07-16 | 1997-09-17 | Uri Andres | Disintegration of brittle dielectrics by high voltage electrical pulses in disintegration chamber |
JP3825889B2 (ja) * | 1997-07-23 | 2006-09-27 | 日鉄鉱業株式会社 | 電気破砕方法及び装置 |
DE10346650A1 (de) * | 2003-10-08 | 2005-05-19 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Prozessreaktor und Betriebsverfahren für die elektrodynamische Fragmentierung |
CN201105234Y (zh) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-08-27 | 杨世英 | 液电破碎机 |
RU2411083C2 (ru) | 2009-03-20 | 2011-02-10 | Юрий Владимирович Борисов | Способ диспергирования и сепарации материалов и устройство для его осуществления |
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2011
- 2011-03-30 WO PCT/CH2011/000066 patent/WO2012129708A1/de active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-03-08 ES ES12709777.2T patent/ES2629703T3/es active Active
- 2012-03-08 CA CA2830572A patent/CA2830572C/en active Active
- 2012-03-08 WO PCT/CH2012/000054 patent/WO2012129713A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-03-08 JP JP2014501383A patent/JP5946518B2/ja active Active
- 2012-03-08 AU AU2012234676A patent/AU2012234676B2/en active Active
- 2012-03-08 US US14/007,535 patent/US9604225B2/en active Active
- 2012-03-08 EP EP12709777.2A patent/EP2691180B1/de active Active
- 2012-03-08 RU RU2013148141/13A patent/RU2591718C2/ru active
-
2013
- 2013-09-30 ZA ZA2013/07291A patent/ZA201307291B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2012129713A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2830572A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
US20140042146A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
WO2012129708A1 (de) | 2012-10-04 |
AU2012234676B2 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
JP5946518B2 (ja) | 2016-07-06 |
AU2012234676A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
ZA201307291B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
RU2013148141A (ru) | 2015-05-10 |
JP2014509560A (ja) | 2014-04-21 |
ES2629703T3 (es) | 2017-08-14 |
WO2012129713A1 (de) | 2012-10-04 |
CA2830572C (en) | 2019-01-15 |
RU2591718C2 (ru) | 2016-07-20 |
US9604225B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
EP2691180B1 (de) | 2017-04-05 |
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