EP2685482B1 - Schutzschaltgerät und Magnetjoch - Google Patents

Schutzschaltgerät und Magnetjoch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2685482B1
EP2685482B1 EP13165024.4A EP13165024A EP2685482B1 EP 2685482 B1 EP2685482 B1 EP 2685482B1 EP 13165024 A EP13165024 A EP 13165024A EP 2685482 B1 EP2685482 B1 EP 2685482B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
contact
arc
contact piece
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13165024.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2685482A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Rieger
Winfried Vierling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2685482A1 publication Critical patent/EP2685482A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2685482B1 publication Critical patent/EP2685482B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H2071/249—Electromagnetic mechanisms with part of the magnetic circuit being in the normal current path in the circuit breaker, e.g. yoke, fixed contact and arc-runner are made out of one single conductive element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective switching device, in particular a circuit breaker, with an input terminal and an output terminal, which are designed for contacting with an electrical line, and with a switching contact, which has a stationary fixed contact piece and a movable relative thereto moving contact, which are designed such that forms an arc between the BewegCount Georgia and the fixed contact when opening the current-carrying switching contact, wherein the switching contact via a current path to the input terminal and the output terminal is electrically connected.
  • Circuit breakers are designed especially for high currents.
  • a circuit breaker (so-called LS switch) is an overcurrent protection device used in electrical installations and is used in particular in the field of low-voltage networks.
  • Circuit-breakers and miniature circuit-breakers guarantee a safe shutdown in the event of a short circuit and protect consumers and electrical equipment from overload, for example, from damage to the cables due to excessive heating due to excessive electrical current.
  • Circuit breakers and circuit breakers are used in particular as switching and safety elements in electrical energy supply networks and serve to monitor and safeguard an electrical circuit.
  • the protective switching device is electrically connected via two terminals with an electrical line of the circuit to be monitored in order to interrupt the electrical current in the respective line when needed.
  • the protective switching device in this case has a switching contact with a fixed fixed contact piece and a relatively movable moving contact piece.
  • the moving contact piece is actuated via a switching mechanism of the protective switching device, so that the switching contact can be opened and closed. In this way, when a predefined state, for example a short circuit or an overload, occurs, the switching contact is opened in order to disconnect the monitored circuit from the electrical line network.
  • Such protective switching devices are known in the field of low-voltage technology as DIN rail mounted devices.
  • some protective switching devices In order to drive the arc more quickly into the arc quenching chamber, some protective switching devices additionally have a so-called blowing loop.
  • This is a coil which is electrically connected such that it is energized only with the commutation of the arc on the guide rail in order to limit the energy loss of the protective device in the switched-on operation.
  • the blowing loop is arranged such that the resulting electromagnetic field is oriented so that it exerts a Lorentz force on the arc, which urges the arc in the direction of the arc quenching chamber.
  • Such protective switching devices are for example from the Patent DE 28 41 004 or even the Laid-open publication DE 33 33 792 A1 known.
  • the EP 0 576 992 A2 shows a circuit breaker, which, for example, a stationary contact piece, which is connected to a power source comprises.
  • the fixed contact is located on an inner side of the contact piece.
  • An electromagnetic generated by the current path Force acts on the arc and stretches it out to the side of the terminal.
  • the US 5 837 954 A discloses a circuit breaker in which, based on current conduction through an electrically conductive element, an electromagnetic force F is generated by which the arc is deflected in the direction of a clamp.
  • the DE 195 24 915 A1 discloses an arc extinguishing assembly having a blow loop disposed adjacent to a pad that connects a fixed contact to a power port and provides an electromagnetic field to expel the arc when the pad is opened.
  • the protective switching device in particular a circuit breaker, has an input terminal and an output terminal, which are designed for contacting the protective switching device with an electrical line. Furthermore, the protective switching device has a switching contact, which in turn has a fixedly arranged stationary contact piece and a relatively movable BewegMap Georgia which are designed such that forms an arc between the BewegMap colleges and the fixed contact when opening the current-carrying switching contact. In this case, the switching contact is electrically conductively connected via a current path to the input terminal and the output terminal.
  • This current path has a current-carrying section, which is designed in such a way and interacts with the arc in such a way that a resulting electromagnetic field is formed, which interacts with the arc in such a way that it is driven away from the switching contact.
  • the current path which conducts the electric current inside the protective switching device from the input terminal to the fixed contact piece and - with the switching contact closed - from the electrically connected to the fixed contact piece BewegCount conferences to the output terminal, has in the area, ie in the immediate vicinity of the switching contact on a current carrying section.
  • the current-carrying section is therefore a section of the current path in the region of the switching contact, this section either in a first region of the current path between the input terminal and the fixed contact piece, or a second region of the current path between the BewegWallet conferences and the output terminal can be arranged. In principle, it would also be possible to arrange a corresponding current-carrying section both in the first region and in the second region.
  • the current-carrying section is geometrically designed in such a way that an electromagnetic field arises in the current-carrying state, which is oriented in such a way that it exerts a defined force on the arc, the so-called Lorentz force. Since an arc is also a current flow, even if it is not connected to an electrical line, this Lorentz force in turn acts on the arc in such a way that it moves away from the contact area of the switching contact, ie from the fixed and moving contact becomes. In this way, the arc can be driven faster into a quenching chamber of the protective device and deleted there.
  • the switching capacity which is related to the duration of the emergence of the arc until its extinction, thereby significantly improved. Furthermore, the fact that the arc burns only correspondingly short between the fixed contact piece and the moving contact piece, the material removal caused by fixed contact and moving contact significantly reduced, which leads to a significant increase in the life of the protective device. Furthermore, this also requires less contact material for the contact pieces, so that the switching contact and thus the protective switching device can be realized correspondingly more compactly.
  • the current-carrying section is designed such that it communicates with the between the moving contact piece and fixed contact piece for When the contact opening burning arc forms a substantially U-shaped current flow.
  • a substantially U-shaped current guide results, which is composed of a first leg, which is formed by the line-connected current-carrying section, and a second leg, which is formed by the line-free arc.
  • the two legs are opposite, ie substantially parallel to each other, but oriented opposite to each other, flows through the current.
  • the current-carrying section is arranged in the first region of the current path, ie between the input terminal and the fixed contact piece, and designed in such a way that the current flowing to the stationary contact piece has a U-shaped profile.
  • the current-carrying section is spatially positioned relatively close to the switching contact and thus to the arc which forms when the switching contact is opened in order to achieve the highest possible force acting on the arc. In this way, the switching performance can be further improved.
  • the protective switching device has a magnetic release system, which is electrically conductively connected to the input terminal via a coil and has a plunger that is mounted so as to be movable relative to the coil.
  • the plunger acts in the event of a short circuit directly and / or indirectly to the switching contact to cause by moving away the Bewegrome foundeds from the fixed contact opening of the switching contact.
  • the magnetic release system has a magnetic yoke over which the coil with the fixed contact piece is electrically conductive is connected, wherein the current-carrying portion is formed as part of the magnetic yoke.
  • a magnetic trip system with a solenoid and a relative thereto movably mounted ram represents a widespread in the field of protection devices possibility of realization of a trigger in the event of a short circuit. If a short-circuit current, so this is passed through the coil, whereby one connected to the plunger Anchor is attracted by the coil. The plunger strikes the BewegCount Georgia or on a mechanically connected with this BewegMapmik, so that it is moved away from the BewegCount proceedings to prevent welding of the two contact pieces. Furthermore, a switching mechanism of the protective switching device is triggered by the movement of the plunger, whereby the switching contact is also opened via the mechanically coupled with the switching mechanism BewegMessage conspiracy.
  • the coil is electrically connected to the BewegCount scholar.
  • the magnetic yoke is thus the part of the first region of the current path next to the moving contact piece.
  • This area is structurally designed such that the current flowing from the coil via the magnetic yoke to the fixed contact piece runs in a U-shaped manner.
  • the current profile in the region of the current-carrying section is oriented substantially opposite to the current profile across the arc. If the current-carrying section is spatially positioned relatively close to the switching contact and thus to the arc which forms when the switching contact is opened, the highest possible force acting on the arc can thereby be achieved.
  • the magnetic yoke is forked in the region of the current-carrying section and has two Leg on, so that moving contact piece and moving contact carrier is at least partially disposed with closed switching contact between the two legs of the current-carrying section.
  • the current-carrying section is arranged spatially in the immediate vicinity of the arc which forms when the switching contact is opened.
  • the resulting in cooperation with the arc electric field thus has a much higher field strength, which in turn acts on the arc significantly higher power, so that the arc is driven faster in from the contact area in the direction of the quenching chamber.
  • the switching capacity of the protective switching device is thereby further improved.
  • the moving contact piece is arranged on a rotatably mounted moving contact carrier, wherein the current-carrying section is part of the moving contact carrier.
  • the current-carrying section instead of forming the current-carrying section in the first region of the current path, formation in the second region of the current path, i. on the way from the moving contact to the output connection, possible.
  • This training in the second area can be done alternatively to training in the first area, but also in addition. It is essential, in turn, that the current-carrying section is arranged spatially relatively close to the switching contact and thus to the arc which forms when the switching contact is opened in order to achieve the highest possible force acting on the arc. In this way, the switching performance is further improved.
  • the current-carrying section is rotatably or flexibly connected to the moving contact carrier.
  • the current-carrying section formed in the second region of the current path is connected in a rotationally movable manner or at least flexibly to the moving-contact carrier.
  • the current-carrying section is mounted stationary relative to a housing of the protective switching device. In this way, a simplified installation of the protective device is guaranteed.
  • the magnetic yoke according to the invention is designed for use in a protective switching device of the type described above.
  • the magnetic yoke according to the invention is provided for installation in a magnetic trip system of an electrical protection switching device, in particular a circuit breaker. It has a first region, which is designed for electrically conductive contacting of the magnetic yoke with a trip coil of the magnetic trip system. Furthermore, the magnetic yoke on a second region, which is designed for electrically conductive contacting of the magnetic yoke with a fixed contact piece of a switching contact of the protective switching device. This results in the opening of the energized switching contact an arc, which first, ie burns in a first phase of the arc, between the fixed contact piece and a movable relative to moving contact piece.
  • the magnetic yoke according to the invention is geometrically designed such that in the energized state, the current flow in the second region is oriented at least partially substantially opposite to the current flow across the arc.
  • the interaction of the current flowing through the second region and the arc creates an electromagnetic field whose Field lines are oriented in the region of the arc so that a defined force, the so-called Lorentz force is applied to the arc, which is directed such that the arc from the contact region of the switching contact, that is moved away from fixed and moving contact.
  • the arc can be driven faster into a quenching chamber of the protective device and deleted there.
  • the switching capacity which is related to the duration of the emergence of the arc until its extinction, thereby significantly improved.
  • a switching contact of the protective switching device 1 is shown schematically in several switching states.
  • the switching contact has a fixed contact piece 4 and a relatively movable BewegWallet Sea 5 on.
  • the BewegWalletexcellent 5 is mounted on a rotatably mounted in a housing of the protective switching device 1 BewegMap whatsoever 6.
  • it is also possible to integrate the BewegWallets 5 in the Beweg.mik 6 such that a suitable portion of the Beweg.miks 6 acts as BewegWalletmin 5 and forms the switching contact together with the fixed contact 4.
  • the fixed contact piece 4 is mounted on a fixed contact carrier 22 which is part of a magnetic yoke 20.
  • the yoke 20 has an electrical connection element 21, via which the magnetic yoke 20 is electrically conductively connected to a magnet coil 12.
  • the solenoid 20 is part of a magnetic trip system 10 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B ), which causes an opening of the switching contact in the event of a short circuit.
  • the magnetic yoke 20 has a contact horn 23, via which the magnetic yoke 20 is electrically conductively connected to a first end of a quenching chamber 7 of the protective switching device 1.
  • the protective switching device 1 Via an input terminal (not shown) and an output terminal (not shown), which may be formed, for example, as terminals, the protective switching device 1 is integrated into an electrical line to be protected. Inside the protective switching device 1 - if the switching contact is closed - the input terminal and the output terminal are electrically conductively connected to one another via a current path.
  • the current flow I guided over the current path is represented by simple arrows in the area of the respective components.
  • a first region of the current path leads from the input terminal via the magnet coil 12 and the magnetic yoke 20 to the fixed contact piece 4.
  • a second region of the current path leads from the moving contact piece 5 to the output terminal of the protective switching device 1.
  • FIG. 1A the protective switching device 1 is shown with a closed switch contact, ie, the fixed contact piece 4 and the moving contact piece 5 are in direct contact, so that via the switching contact, an electric current can flow.
  • a closed switch contact ie, the fixed contact piece 4 and the moving contact piece 5 are in direct contact, so that via the switching contact, an electric current can flow.
  • input terminal and output terminal are electrically connected to each other.
  • the switching contact is opened by moving away the moving contact piece 5 from the fixed contact piece 4, an arc 9 is formed between the fixed contact piece 4 and the moving contact piece 5, provided that the switching contact is current-flowed at the time of opening.
  • FIG. 1B shows.
  • the first region of the current path has a current-carrying section 24, which is formed on the magnetic yoke 20.
  • This current-carrying section 24 is geometrically arranged such that it cooperates with the arc 9 burning between the fixed contact piece 4 and the moving contact piece 5 in such a way that a resulting electromagnetic field is formed whose field lines are oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in the area of the switching contact.
  • This electromagnetic field exerts on the arc 9 and the current-carrying section 24 a force F, which presses the two line sections - the current-carrying section 24 and the arc 9 - apart.
  • the force F repelling between the current-carrying section 24 and the arc 9 causes the arc 9 to be driven away from the current-carrying section-and thus from the switching contact-in the direction of the quenching chamber 7.
  • the moving contact piece 5 is further moved away from the fixed contact piece by a further pivoting movement of the moving contact carrier 6, the arc jumps from a certain length to a so-called guide rail 8, which is electrically conductively connected to a second end of the extinguishing chamber 7.
  • the arc then burns first between the electrically connected to the fixed contact 4 contact horn 23 and the guide rail 8, before being passed into the quenching chamber 7 and deleted there.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B the magnetic trip system 10 of the protective switching device 1 is shown schematically in several views.
  • an electrical connection line 11 which may be designed as a flexible strand as well as rigid, the magnetic trip system with the input terminal of the protection device 1 is electrically connected.
  • the connecting line 11 is further electrically conductively connected to a first end of the magnetic coil 12.
  • an armature plunger assembly (not shown) is slidably mounted in the solenoid coil 12 such that in the event of a short circuit in which a short circuit current flows through the solenoid coil 12, the armature is pulled into the solenoid coil 12.
  • the firmly connected to the anchor plunger strikes a release lever, whereby a switching mechanism of the protective device 1 is triggered, which causes an opening of the switch contact.
  • the magnetic yoke 20 is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a sheet metal bent part.
  • the yoke 20 is electrically conductive with a second end of the solenoid coil 12 connected.
  • the electric current I flows from the solenoid coil 12 via the connection element 21 on the current guide portion 24 to a fixed contact carrier 22 designated area of the magnetic yoke 20.
  • the fixed contact 4 is fixedly connected to the yoke 20.
  • the switch contact is closed, the electric current continues to flow via the fixed contact piece 4 and the moving contact piece 5 and the moving contact carrier 6, which in turn is electrically conductively connected to the output terminal of the protective switching device 1.
  • the current first flows through the arc 9.
  • the guide rail 8 (see Figures 1A and 1B ), which is electrically conductively connected at one end to the arc quenching chamber 7 and at the other end to the output terminal, the current - starting from the designated as fixed contact carrier 22 portion of the magnetic yoke 20 - via the contact horn 23 to a quenching chamber plate 27 trained area.
  • This quenching chamber plate 27 represents the upper end of the arc quenching chamber 7; the lower end of the arc quenching chamber 7 is electrically conductively connected to the guide rail 8.
  • the arc is driven into the arc quenching chamber 7, it is divided by the quenching plates arranged there in parallel into a plurality of partial arcs connected electrically in series with each other. Due to this electrical series connection, the total arc voltage increases so far that the arc eventually stops and goes out.
  • the magnetic yoke 20 is forked, ie the BewegWallettown 6 with the BewegCount institutions arranged thereon 25 dives at the closed switch contact at least partially between the two parts of the current-carrying section 24 of the forked magnetic yoke 20 on.
  • the forming during opening of the switching contact arc 9 is in close proximity to the two parts of the current-carrying section 24, whereby a significantly higher field strength is achieved for the resulting in cooperation with the electric arc 9 electromagnetic field.
  • a significantly higher Lorentz force acts on the arc 9, so that the arc 9 is driven faster out of the contact region in the direction of the quenching chamber 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic detail of the magnetic yoke 20 of the magnetic trip system 10.
  • the design as a sheet metal bent part and the bifurcated design in the region of the current-carrying section 24 are clearly visible.
  • the magnetic yoke 20 has an opening 26, which at least partially immersed in the assembled state in the solenoid coil 12 and is designed to receive and guide the armature plunger assembly. In this way, the magnetic release system can be made as compact as possible.
  • the current-carrying section 24 is arranged on the magnetic yoke 20 and thus in the first region of the current path.
  • the current-carrying section in the second region of the current path, ie between the moving contact 6 and the output connection. This can be done both alternatively and in addition to the arrangement in the first region of the current path.
  • the moving contact carrier 6 could also be correspondingly shaped such that a current-carrying section of the moving contact carrier 6 is oriented essentially opposite to the arc 9.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP13165024.4A 2012-07-12 2013-04-24 Schutzschaltgerät und Magnetjoch Active EP2685482B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012212236.2A DE102012212236A1 (de) 2012-07-12 2012-07-12 Schutzschaltgerät und Magnetjoch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2685482A1 EP2685482A1 (de) 2014-01-15
EP2685482B1 true EP2685482B1 (de) 2017-05-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13165024.4A Active EP2685482B1 (de) 2012-07-12 2013-04-24 Schutzschaltgerät und Magnetjoch

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2685482B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103545153B (zh)
DE (1) DE102012212236A1 (zh)

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DE102017212033A1 (de) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstrom-Lichtbogenlöschvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Gleichstrom-Schaltgerät
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DE102019220444B4 (de) 2019-12-20 2021-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fernantrieb und Parametrier-Verfahren
DE102020200993B4 (de) 2020-01-28 2023-06-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fernantrieb, Anordnung mit einem Fernantrieb sowie Verfahren
DE102020200993A1 (de) 2020-01-28 2021-07-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fernantrieb, Anordnung mit einem Fernantrieb sowie Verfahren
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CN103545153A (zh) 2014-01-29
CN103545153B (zh) 2018-07-10

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