EP2664782B1 - Injector for a fuel supply system of a combustion engine and fuel supply system - Google Patents

Injector for a fuel supply system of a combustion engine and fuel supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2664782B1
EP2664782B1 EP13166455.9A EP13166455A EP2664782B1 EP 2664782 B1 EP2664782 B1 EP 2664782B1 EP 13166455 A EP13166455 A EP 13166455A EP 2664782 B1 EP2664782 B1 EP 2664782B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control valve
injection nozzle
pressure
combustion engine
supply system
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Application number
EP13166455.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2664782A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Atzkern
Maximilian Indrich
Stefan Kern
Thomas Klaua
Ludwig Maier
Holger Schaar
Wolfgang Wagner
Claudius Weber
Harald WELLENKÖTTER
Werner WÖRLE
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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Publication of EP2664782A1 publication Critical patent/EP2664782A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/16Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor characterised by the distributor being fed from a constant pressure source, e.g. accumulator or constant pressure positive displacement pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/48Assembling; Disassembling; Replacing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8023Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly the assembly involving use of quick-acting mechanisms, e.g. clips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/803Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly using clamp elements and fastening means; e.g. bolts or screws
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8076Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving threaded members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injector for a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • the DE 101 57 135 B4 discloses an internal combustion engine, namely a heavy fuel oil powered marine diesel engine, having a plurality of cylinders, wherein each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is associated with an injector of a common rail fuel supply system. Via the injectors fuel can be injected into each of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which is why the injectors are also referred to as fuel injectors.
  • the common rail fuel supply system according to DE 101 57 135 B4 comprises a pump device having a plurality of high-pressure pumps in order to convey fuel from a low-pressure region of the common-rail fuel supply system into a high-pressure region thereof, wherein a pressure accumulator system which is permanently under high pressure is provided in the high-pressure region between the pump device and the injectors.
  • the permanently high pressure accumulator system which is also referred to as common rail, points to the DE 101 57 135 B4 several storage units and is connected via also permanently under high pressure high pressure fuel lines with the pumping device.
  • the accumulator system is also connected to the injectors via pressurized high-pressure fuel lines that are temporarily under high pressure depending on the injection cycle.
  • the high-pressure fuel lines which are temporarily under high pressure depending on the injection stroke and which connect the injectors to the pressure accumulator system are associated with switching valves which supply fuel to the injectors as a function of the injection stroke.
  • the spatial distance between the injectors of the fuel supply system and the pressure storage system of the same can be relatively large and therefore the time dependent on the injection clock high pressure fuel lines connecting the injectors to the accumulator system, can be made relatively long Reducing a pressure loss already known injectors, which next to an injection nozzle, which is the actual injection of fuel into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and next to a control valve comprise a memory which provides an injector-specific fuel storage volume.
  • an injector of a common rail fuel supply system which comprises in addition to the injection nozzle and designed as a solenoid valve control valve designated as injector body holding body, wherein the injector body provides a high-pressure accumulator.
  • a throttle plate is positioned according to this prior art.
  • the injector and the solenoid valve of the injector are composed of a variety of items. The assembly of the solenoid valve, the throttle plate and the injection nozzle on the holding body by means of a nozzle lock nut.
  • the DE 10 2005 020833 A1 already treats an injector with an injection nozzle, with a control valve and a holding body, wherein the injection nozzle and the control valve can be assembled and disassembled as a tense composite on the holding body as a unit.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a novel injector for a fuel supply system. Furthermore, a novel fuel supply system is to be provided with such injectors.
  • an injector for a fuel supply system according to claim 1.
  • the injection nozzle and the control valve form a strained composite, wherein the composite of the injection nozzle and the control valve on the holding body can be mounted as a unit and disassembled from the holding body as a unit.
  • the injection nozzle and the control valve as a strained composite and to assemble this composite of injection nozzle and control valve on the holding body or to disassemble it from the holding body.
  • the composite comprising the injection nozzle and the control valve, each having a plurality of filigree and sensitive components, can be pre-assembled as a composite.
  • the actual mounting of this preassembled and prestressed composite on the holding body can then be done with relatively little effort on less trained personnel.
  • Another advantage of providing a strained composite of injection nozzle and control valve results from the fact that in particular the holding body and the memory provided by the holding body or the separate injector-individual memory are relatively insensitive to wear, so that it is possible the wear-prone components, namely the injection nozzle and the solenoid valve, as a unit simply from the internal combustion engine, namely from the respective holding body of the same, to dismantle and replace it with a new unit of control valve and holding body.
  • the control valve and the injection nozzle at a radially outer lateral surface in each case at least one radially inwardly directed recess, wherein a clamping sleeve radially inwardly directed projections which engage in the respective radially inwardly directed recess of the control valve and injector, and wherein the Clamping sleeve covering surfaces between the elements of the composite to be clamped.
  • Fig. 1 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 A highly schematic exploded view of the injector of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 A highly schematic exploded view of the injector of Fig. 3 ;
  • Fig. 1 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 A highly schematic exploded view of the injector of Fig. 3 ;
  • Fig. 1 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 A highly schematic
  • the present invention relates to a common rail fuel supply system of a large diesel engine, in particular a marine diesel engine operated with heavy oil.
  • Such common-rail fuel supply systems have a low pressure range and a high pressure area.
  • the high-pressure region of a common rail fuel supply system comprises a pump device having at least one high-pressure pump and an accumulator system having at least one storage unit, wherein the pump device supplies fuel from the low-pressure region into the high-pressure region promotes and is connected to the accumulator system via at least one high-pressure fuel line.
  • the accumulator system and the or each high pressure fuel line connecting the accumulator system to the pump means are permanently under a high working pressure.
  • the fuel can be injected via injectors into cylinders, wherein each injector is connected to the accumulator system via at least one high-pressure fuel line, which is also permanently under a high working pressure.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show details of a first, inventive injector 1 a common rail fuel supply system, wherein the injector 1 in Fig. 1 and 2 the injection nozzle 2, a control valve 3 and between the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 positioned intermediate plates 4 and 5 are shown, namely a valve plate 4 and a throttle plate 5.
  • the injector 1 has a in Fig. 1 and 2 Not shown holding body, on which the control valve 3 engages, said holding body preferably provides an injector-specific memory for fuel.
  • the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 have a multiplicity of filigree components.
  • the invention proposes to form the injector 2 and the control valve 3 as a strained composite 6 and provide, so that the composite 6 from the Injector 2 and the control valve 3 on the holding body, not shown as a unit easy to install and easy to dismantle from the holder body as a unit.
  • the recesses 8 and 9 on the outer lateral surfaces of the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 are each designed as circumferential grooves and the projections 10 and 11 of the clamping sleeve 7 formed as circumferential beads, which engage in these grooves.
  • the clamping sleeve 7 is a relatively thin-walled clamping sleeve 7, which after being pushed over the same via the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 is deformable such that their projections 10 and 11 in the recesses 8 and 9 of the injection nozzle 2 and control valve 3 below Bracing the composite 6 engage positively.
  • the forming of the clamping sleeve 7 is preferably carried out by plastic compression thereof. Fig.
  • the clamping sleeve covers 7 separating surfaces between the clamped components, ie a separation surface between the control valve 3 and the valve plate 4, a separation surface between the valve plate 4 and the throttle plate 5 and a separation surface between the throttle plate. 5 and the injection nozzle 2.
  • a sealing function on the clamping sleeve 7 is provided based on these separation surfaces.
  • 3 and 4 show a known example of an injector 1 'in the region of an injection nozzle 2' and a control valve 3 'and between the injection nozzle 2' and the control valve 3 'positioned intermediate plates 4' and 5 ', namely the valve plate 4' and the throttle plate 5 '. Also in this known example of the 3 and 4 these assemblies are clamped together as a composite 6 ', namely in turn by means of a clamping sleeve 7'.
  • the clamping sleeve 7 ' serves in turn the distortion of the control valve 3', injection nozzle 2 'and the two intermediate plates 4' and 5 ', wherein the clamping sleeve 7' in the clamped state of the composite 6 'again separating surfaces between the braced elements 2', 3 ' , 4 'and 5' covered.
  • the well-known example of 3 and 4 differs from the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 However, by the specific embodiment or design of the clamping sleeve 7 '.
  • the 3 and 4 is on the radially outer surface of the control valve 3 'a shoulder 12' is formed, which cooperates with a radially inwardly directed projection 13 'of the clamping sleeve 7' together that the same together to ensure a positional fixation of the clamping sleeve 7 'on the control valve 3'.
  • the clamping sleeve 7 ' has an internal thread 14' which cooperates with an external thread 15 'of the injection nozzle 2', namely such that when the injection nozzle 2 'and clamping sleeve 7' are screwed together via their threads 14 'and 15'.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show injectors 1 "and 1 '", each of which modifications of the injector 1' of the known example of 3 and 4 Therefore, to avoid unnecessary repetition for the same components same reference numerals are used and will be discussed below only on the details through which the known examples of FIGS. 5 and 6 each of the known example of 3 and 4 differ.
  • Fig. 6 differs from the known example of 3 and 4 only in that the geometric shortening of the clamping sleeve 7 'of the shoulder 12' of the control valve 3 ', together with the projection 13' of the clamping sleeve 7 ', the positional fixation between the clamping sleeve 7' and Control valve 3 'provides, at a central portion of the control valve 3' is formed.
  • Fig. 5 differs from the known example of 3 and 4 in that on the outer circumferential surface of the control valve 3 'in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 a circumferential groove 9 'is formed, in which for fixing the position of the clamping sleeve 7' on the control valve 3 'a circumferential projection 11' of the clamping sleeve 7 'positively engages.
  • two intermediate plates are respectively positioned between the respective injection nozzle 2, 2 'and the respective control valve 3, 3', namely the valve plate 4, 4 'and the throttle plate 5 , 5 '. It is possible that only one of these intermediate plates 4, 4 'or 5, 5' or no intermediate plate is present.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor für eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10.The invention relates to an injector for a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 10.

Die DE 101 57 135 B4 offenbart eine Brennkraftmaschine, nämlich eine mit Schweröl betriebene Schiffsdieselbrennkraftmaschine, mit mehreren Zylindern, wobei jedem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ein Injektor einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage zugeordnet ist. Über die Injektoren ist in jeden der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine Kraftstoff einspritzbar, weshalb die Injektoren auch als Kraftstoff-Injektoren bezeichnet werden. Die Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage gemäß DE 101 57 135 B4 umfasst eine mehrere Hochdruckpumpen aufweisende Pumpeinrichtung, um Kraftstoff von einem Niederdruckbereich der Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage in einen Hochdruckbereich derselben zu fördern, wobei im Hochdruckbereich zwischen der Pumpeinrichtung und den Injektoren ein permanent unter Hochdruck stehendes Druckspeichersystem vorgesehen ist. Das permanent unter Hochdruck stehende Druckspeichersystem, welches auch als Common-Rail bezeichnet wird, weist nach der DE 101 57 135 B4 mehrere Speichereinheiten auf und ist über ebenfalls permanent unter Hochdruck stehende Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen mit der Pumpeinrichtung verbunden. Das Druckspeichersystem ist weiterhin über abhängig vom Einspritztakt zeitweise unter Hochdruck stehende Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen mit den Injektoren verbunden. Den abhängig vom Einspritztakt zeitweise unter Hochdruck stehenden Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen, welche die Injektoren mit dem Druckspeichersystem verbinden, sind Schaltventile zugeordnet, die abhängig vom Einspritztakt den Injektoren Kraftstoff zuleiten.The DE 101 57 135 B4 discloses an internal combustion engine, namely a heavy fuel oil powered marine diesel engine, having a plurality of cylinders, wherein each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is associated with an injector of a common rail fuel supply system. Via the injectors fuel can be injected into each of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which is why the injectors are also referred to as fuel injectors. The common rail fuel supply system according to DE 101 57 135 B4 comprises a pump device having a plurality of high-pressure pumps in order to convey fuel from a low-pressure region of the common-rail fuel supply system into a high-pressure region thereof, wherein a pressure accumulator system which is permanently under high pressure is provided in the high-pressure region between the pump device and the injectors. The permanently high pressure accumulator system, which is also referred to as common rail, points to the DE 101 57 135 B4 several storage units and is connected via also permanently under high pressure high pressure fuel lines with the pumping device. The accumulator system is also connected to the injectors via pressurized high-pressure fuel lines that are temporarily under high pressure depending on the injection cycle. The high-pressure fuel lines which are temporarily under high pressure depending on the injection stroke and which connect the injectors to the pressure accumulator system are associated with switching valves which supply fuel to the injectors as a function of the injection stroke.

Da bei Großdieselbrennkraftmaschinen bzw. Schiffsdieselbrennkraftmaschinen der räumliche Abstand zwischen den Injektoren der Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage und dem Druckspeichersystem derselben relativ groß sein kann und demnach die abhängig vom Einspritztakt zeitweise unter Hochdruck stehenden Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen, welche die Injektoren mit dem Druckspeichersystem verbinden, relativ lang ausgeführt sein können, sind zur Reduzierung eines Druckverlusts bereits Injektoren bekannt, die neben einer Einspritzdüse, welche der eigentlichen Einspritzung des Kraftstoffs in einen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine dient, und neben einem Steuerventil einen Speicher umfassen, welcher ein injektorindividuelles Kraftstoffspeichervolumen bereitstellt.Since in large diesel engines or marine diesel engines, the spatial distance between the injectors of the fuel supply system and the pressure storage system of the same can be relatively large and therefore the time dependent on the injection clock high pressure fuel lines connecting the injectors to the accumulator system, can be made relatively long Reducing a pressure loss already known injectors, which next to an injection nozzle, which is the actual injection of fuel into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and next to a control valve comprise a memory which provides an injector-specific fuel storage volume.

So ist aus der AT 505 666 B1 ein Injektor einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage bekannt, welcher neben der Einspritzdüse und dem als Magnetventil ausgebildeten Steuerventil einen als Injektorkörper bezeichneten Haltekörper umfasst, wobei der Injektorkörper einen Hochdruckspeicher bereitstellt. Zwischen dem Magnetventil und der Einspritzdüse ist nach diesem Stand der Technik eine Drosselplatte positioniert. Die Einspritzdüse sowie das Magnetventil des Injektors sind aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelteilen zusammengesetzt. Die Montage des Magnetventils, der Drosselplatte sowie der Einspritzdüse am Haltekörper erfolgt mithilfe einer Düsenspannmutter. Die Montage der Einspritzdüse, der Drosselplatte und des Magnetventils am Haltekörper mithilfe der Düsenspannmutter ist aufwendig, da, wie bereits ausgeführt, die am Haltekörper zu verspannenden Elemente aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelteilen bestehen. Hierbei handelt es sich teilweise um filigrane und empfindliche Einzelteile, sodass bei der Montage mit großer Genauigkeit und Geschicklichkeit gearbeitet werden muss. Dazu ist hochqualifiziertes Personal erforderlich.So is out of the AT 505 666 B1 an injector of a common rail fuel supply system is known, which comprises in addition to the injection nozzle and designed as a solenoid valve control valve designated as injector body holding body, wherein the injector body provides a high-pressure accumulator. Between the solenoid valve and the injection nozzle, a throttle plate is positioned according to this prior art. The injector and the solenoid valve of the injector are composed of a variety of items. The assembly of the solenoid valve, the throttle plate and the injection nozzle on the holding body by means of a nozzle lock nut. The assembly of the injector, the throttle plate and the solenoid valve on the holding body using the nozzle lock nut is expensive, since, as already stated, consist of the holding body to be braced elements of a variety of items. These are sometimes filigree and delicate items, so you have to work with great accuracy and skill during installation. This requires highly qualified personnel.

Es besteht Bedarf an einem Injektor für eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage, der im Bereich des Haltekörpers mit geringerem Aufwand montiert sowie demontiert werden kann.There is a need for an injector for a fuel supply system, which can be assembled and disassembled in the region of the holding body with less effort.

Die DE 10 2005 020833 A1 behandelt bereits einen Injektor mit einer Einspritzdüse, mit einem Steuerventil und einem Haltekörper, wobei die Einspritzdüse und das Steuerventil als verspannten Verbund am Haltekörper als Einheit montierbar und demontierbar ist.The DE 10 2005 020833 A1 already treats an injector with an injection nozzle, with a control valve and a holding body, wherein the injection nozzle and the control valve can be assembled and disassembled as a tense composite on the holding body as a unit.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen neuartigen Injektor für eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage zu schaffen. Des Weiteren soll eine neuartige Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage mit solchen Injektoren bereitgestellt werden.On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel injector for a fuel supply system. Furthermore, a novel fuel supply system is to be provided with such injectors.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Injektor für eine Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß bilden die Einspritzdüse und das Steuerventil einen verspannten Verbund, wobei der Verbund aus der Einspritzdüse und dem Steuerventil an dem Haltekörper als Einheit montierbar und von dem Haltekörper als Einheit demontierbar ist.This object is achieved by an injector for a fuel supply system according to claim 1. According to the invention, the injection nozzle and the control valve form a strained composite, wherein the composite of the injection nozzle and the control valve on the holding body can be mounted as a unit and disassembled from the holding body as a unit.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, die Einspritzdüse und das Steuerventil als verspannten Verbund bereitzustellen und diesen Verbund aus Einspritzdüse und Steuerventil am Haltekörper zu montieren bzw. vom Haltekörper zu demontieren. Damit kann der Verbund, welcher die Einspritzdüse und das Steuerventil umfasst, die jeweils über eine Vielzahl filigraner und empfindlicher Komponenten verfügen, als Verbund vormontiert werden. Das eigentliche Montieren dieses vormontierten und vorgespannten Verbunds am Haltekörper kann dann mit relativ geringem Aufwand auf von weniger geschultem Personal erfolgen.According to the invention, it is proposed to provide the injection nozzle and the control valve as a strained composite and to assemble this composite of injection nozzle and control valve on the holding body or to disassemble it from the holding body. Thus, the composite comprising the injection nozzle and the control valve, each having a plurality of filigree and sensitive components, can be pre-assembled as a composite. The actual mounting of this preassembled and prestressed composite on the holding body can then be done with relatively little effort on less trained personnel.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des Bereitstellens eines verspannten Verbunds aus Einspritzdüse und Steuerventil ergibt sich daraus, dass insbesondere der Haltekörper und der vom Haltekörper bereitgestellte Speicher oder der separate injektorindividuelle Speicher relativ unempfindlich gegenüber Verschleiß sind, sodass es möglich ist, die verschleißanfälligen Komponenten, nämlich die Einspritzdüse und das Magnetventil, als Einheit einfach von der Brennkraftmaschine, nämlich vom jeweiligen Haltekörper derselben, zu demontieren und gegen eine neue Einheit aus Steuerventil und Haltekörper auszutauschen. Erfindungsgemäß weisen das Steuerventil und die Einspritzdüse an einer radial äußeren Mantelfläche jeweils mindestens eine nach radial innen gerichtete Ausnehmung auf, wobei eine Spannhülse nach radial innen gerichtete Vorsprünge aufweist, die in die jeweilige nach radial innen gerichtete Ausnehmung von Steuerventil und Einspritzdüse eingreifen, und wobei die Spannhülse Trennflächen zwischen den zu verspannenden Elementen des Verbunds überdeckt. Diese Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist konstruktiv und fertigungstechnisch besonders einfach. Die Ausnehmungen können einfach in die äußere Mantelfläche von Steuerventil und Einspritzdüse eingebracht werden. Es kann eine relativ dünnwandige und kostengünstige Hülse genutzt werden.Another advantage of providing a strained composite of injection nozzle and control valve results from the fact that in particular the holding body and the memory provided by the holding body or the separate injector-individual memory are relatively insensitive to wear, so that it is possible the wear-prone components, namely the injection nozzle and the solenoid valve, as a unit simply from the internal combustion engine, namely from the respective holding body of the same, to dismantle and replace it with a new unit of control valve and holding body. According to the invention, the control valve and the injection nozzle at a radially outer lateral surface in each case at least one radially inwardly directed recess, wherein a clamping sleeve radially inwardly directed projections which engage in the respective radially inwardly directed recess of the control valve and injector, and wherein the Clamping sleeve covering surfaces between the elements of the composite to be clamped. This development of the invention is structurally and manufacturing technology particularly simple. The recesses can be easily introduced into the outer surface of the control valve and injector. It can be used a relatively thin-walled and inexpensive sleeve.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine ist in Anspruch 3 definiert.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:Fig. 1: einen stark schematisierten Querschnitt durch einen Teil eines Injektors einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; Fig. 2: eine stark schematisierte Explosionsdarstellung des Injektors der Fig. 1; Fig. 3: einen stark schematisierten Querschnitt durch einen Teil eines Injektors einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; Fig. 4: eine stark schematisierte Explosionsdarstellung des Injektors der Fig. 3; Fig. 5: eine Abwandlung zur Fig. 3; Fig. 6: eine weitere Abwandlung zur Fig. 3.
Die hier vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage einer Großdieselbrennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer mit Schweröl betriebenen Schiffsdieselbrennkraftmaschine. Solche Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlagen verfügen über einen Niederdruckbereich
sowie einen Hochdruckbereich.
The fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine according to the invention is defined in claim 3.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing: Fig. 1 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 : A highly schematic exploded view of the injector of Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3 a highly schematic cross-section through part of an injector of a common rail fuel supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 : A highly schematic exploded view of the injector of Fig. 3 ; Fig. 5 : a modification to the Fig. 3 ; Fig. 6 : another modification to Fig. 3 ,
The present invention relates to a common rail fuel supply system of a large diesel engine, in particular a marine diesel engine operated with heavy oil. Such common-rail fuel supply systems have a low pressure range
and a high pressure area.

Der Hochdruckbereich einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage umfasst eine zumindest eine Hochdruckpumpe aufweisende Pumpeinrichtung und ein zumindest eine Speichereinheit aufweisendes Druckspeichersystem, wobei die Pumpeinrichtung Kraftstoff aus dem Niederdruckbereich in den Hochdruckbereich fördert und mit dem Druckspeichersystem über mindestens eine Hochdruckkraftstoffleitung verbunden ist. Das Druckspeichersystem sowie die oder jede das Druckspeichersystem mit der Pumpeinrichtung verbindende Hochdruckkraftstoffleitung stehen permanent unter einem hohen Arbeitsdruck.The high-pressure region of a common rail fuel supply system comprises a pump device having at least one high-pressure pump and an accumulator system having at least one storage unit, wherein the pump device supplies fuel from the low-pressure region into the high-pressure region promotes and is connected to the accumulator system via at least one high-pressure fuel line. The accumulator system and the or each high pressure fuel line connecting the accumulator system to the pump means are permanently under a high working pressure.

Ausgehend vom Druckspeichersystem ist der Kraftstoff über Injektoren in Zylinder einspritzbar, wobei jeder Injektor mit dem Druckspeichersystem über mindestens eine Hochdruckkraftstoffleitung verbunden ist, die ebenfalls permanent unter einem hohen Arbeitsdruck steht.Starting from the pressure accumulator system, the fuel can be injected via injectors into cylinders, wherein each injector is connected to the accumulator system via at least one high-pressure fuel line, which is also permanently under a high working pressure.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen Details eines ersten, erfindungsgemäßen Injektors 1 einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffversorgungsanlage, wobei vom Injektor 1 in Fig. 1 und 2 die Einspritzdüse 2, ein Steuerventil 3 sowie zwischen der Einspritzdüse 2 und dem Steuerventil 3 positionierte Zwischenplatten 4 und 5 gezeigt sind, nämlich eine Ventilplatte 4 und eine Drosselplatte 5. Zusätzlich verfügt der Injektor 1 über einen in Fig. 1 und 2 nicht gezeigten Haltekörper, an welchem das Steuerventil 3 angreift, wobei dieser Haltekörper vorzugsweise einen injektorindividuellen Speicher für Kraftstoff bereitstellt. Fig. 1 and 2 show details of a first, inventive injector 1 a common rail fuel supply system, wherein the injector 1 in Fig. 1 and 2 the injection nozzle 2, a control valve 3 and between the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 positioned intermediate plates 4 and 5 are shown, namely a valve plate 4 and a throttle plate 5. In addition, the injector 1 has a in Fig. 1 and 2 Not shown holding body, on which the control valve 3 engages, said holding body preferably provides an injector-specific memory for fuel.

Die Einspritzdüse 2 sowie das Steuerventil 3 verfügen über eine Vielzahl filigraner Komponenten. Um die Montage der Einspritzdüse 2 sowie des Steuerventils 3 am Haltekörper des jeweiligen Injektors 1 und damit an der Brennkraftmaschine zu erleichtern, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Einspritzdüse 2 und das Steuerventil 3 als verspannten Verbund 6 auszubilden bzw. bereitzustellen, sodass der Verbund 6 aus der Einspritzdüse 2 und dem Steuerventil 3 am nicht gezeigten Haltekörper als Einheit einfach montierbar und vom Haltekörper als Einheit einfach demontierbar ist.The injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 have a multiplicity of filigree components. In order to facilitate the assembly of the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 on the holding body of the respective injector 1 and thus to the internal combustion engine, the invention proposes to form the injector 2 and the control valve 3 as a strained composite 6 and provide, so that the composite 6 from the Injector 2 and the control valve 3 on the holding body, not shown as a unit easy to install and easy to dismantle from the holder body as a unit.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2, in welchem zwischen dem Steuerventil 3 und der Einspritzdüse 2 die Ventilplatte 4 sowie die Drosselplatte 5 positioniert sind, sind auch diese Zwischenplatten 4 und 5 zusammen mit der Einspritzdüse 2 und dem Steuerventil 3 zum Verbund 6 verspannt, sodass diese Einheit dann einfach am nicht gezeigten Haltekörper des Injektors 1 montierbar bzw. von demselben demontierbar ist.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2 sind das Steuerventil 3, die Einspritzdüse 2 sowie die im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2 zwischen denselben positionierten Zwischenplatten 4 und 5 mithilfe einer Spannhülse 7 verspannt, wobei an einer äußeren Mantelfläche die Einspritzdüse 2 eine nach radial innen gerichtete Ausnehmung 8 und an einer äußeren Mantelfläche des Steuerventils 3 eine nach radial innen gerichtete Ausnehmung 9 ausgebildet ist, und wobei nach innen gerichtete Vorsprünge 10 bzw. 11 der Spannhülse 7 in diese Ausnehmungen 8 und 9 eingreifen. Dabei sind im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2 die Ausnehmungen 8 und 9 an den äußeren Mantelflächen von Einspritzdüse 2 und Steuerventil 3 jeweils als umlaufende Nuten ausgeführt und die Vorsprünge 10 und 11 der Spannhülse 7 als umlaufende Wulste ausgebildet, die in diese Nuten eingreifen. Bei der Spannhülse 7 handelt es sich um eine relativ dünnwandige Spannhülse 7, die nach dem Aufschieben derselben über die Einspritzdüse 2 und das Steuerventil 3 derart umformbar ist, dass deren Vorsprünge 10 und 11 in die Ausnehmungen 8 und 9 von Einspritzdüse 2 und Steuerventil 3 unter Verspannen des Verbunds 6 formschlüssig eingreifen. Das Umformen der Spannhülse 7 erfolgt vorzugsweise durch plastisches Verpressen derselben. Fig. 1 kann entnommen werden, dass im verspannten Zustand des Verbunds 6 die Spannhülse 7 Trennflächen zwischen den verspannten Komponenten überdeckt, also eine Trennfläche zwischen dem Steuerventil 3 und der Ventilplatte 4, eine Trennfläche zwischen der Ventilplatte 4 und der Drosselplatte 5 sowie eine Trennfläche zwischen der Drosselplatte 5 und der Einspritzdüse 2. Hierdurch wird eine Dichtfunktion über die Spannhülse 7 bezogen auf diese Trennflächen bereitgestellt.
In the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 in which between the control valve 3 and the injection nozzle 2, the valve plate 4 and the throttle plate 5 are positioned, these intermediate plates 4 and 5 together with the injection nozzle. 2 and the control valve 3 clamped to the composite 6, so that this unit is then simply mounted on the holding body of the injector 1, not shown, or dismountable from the same.
In the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 are the control valve 3, the injection nozzle 2 and in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 and 2 between the same positioned intermediate plates 4 and 5 clamped by means of a clamping sleeve 7, wherein on an outer circumferential surface of the injection nozzle 2 is a radially inwardly directed recess 8 and on an outer circumferential surface of the control valve 3, a radially inwardly directed recess 9 is formed, and wherein inwardly directed projections 10 and 11 of the clamping sleeve 7 engage in these recesses 8 and 9. Here are the embodiment of the Fig. 1 and 2 the recesses 8 and 9 on the outer lateral surfaces of the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 are each designed as circumferential grooves and the projections 10 and 11 of the clamping sleeve 7 formed as circumferential beads, which engage in these grooves. When the clamping sleeve 7 is a relatively thin-walled clamping sleeve 7, which after being pushed over the same via the injection nozzle 2 and the control valve 3 is deformable such that their projections 10 and 11 in the recesses 8 and 9 of the injection nozzle 2 and control valve 3 below Bracing the composite 6 engage positively. The forming of the clamping sleeve 7 is preferably carried out by plastic compression thereof. Fig. 1 can be seen that in the clamped state of the composite 6, the clamping sleeve covers 7 separating surfaces between the clamped components, ie a separation surface between the control valve 3 and the valve plate 4, a separation surface between the valve plate 4 and the throttle plate 5 and a separation surface between the throttle plate. 5 and the injection nozzle 2. In this way, a sealing function on the clamping sleeve 7 is provided based on these separation surfaces.

Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen ein bekanntes Beispiel eines Injektors 1' im Bereich einer Einspritzdüse 2' und eines Steuerventils 3' sowie der zwischen der Einspritzdüse 2' und dem Steuerventil 3' positionierten Zwischenplatten 4' und 5', nämlich der Ventilplatte 4' und der Drosselplatte 5'. Auch in diesem bekannten Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 sind diese Baugruppen als Verbund 6' miteinander verspannt, nämlich wiederum mithilfe einer Spannhülse 7'. Die Spannhülse 7' dient demnach wiederum dem Verspannen von Steuerventil 3', Einspritzdüse 2' sowie der beiden Zwischenplatten 4' und 5', wobei die Spannhülse 7' im verspannten Zustand des Verbunds 6' wiederum Trennflächen zwischen den verspannten Elementen 2', 3', 4' und 5' überdeckt. Das bekannte Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 unterscheidet sich vom Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2 jedoch durch die konkrete Ausführung bzw. Ausgestaltung der Spannhülse 7'. In diesem bekannten Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 ist an der radial äußeren Mantelfläche des Steuerventils 3' ein Absatz 12' ausgebildet, der mit einem nach radial innen gerichteten Vorsprung 13' der Spannhülse 7' derart zusammen wirkt, dass dieselben gemeinsam eine Lagefixierung der Spannhülse 7' am Steuerventil 3' gewährleisten. An einem gegenüberliegenden Abschnitt verfügt die Spannhülse 7' über ein Innengewinde 14', welches mit einem Außengewinde 15' der Einspritzdüse 2' zusammen wirkt, nämlich derart, dass beim Verschrauben von Einspritzdüse 2' und Spannhülse 7' über deren Gewinde 14' und 15' die Elemente 2', 3', 4' und 5' als Verbund 6' verspannt werden.
Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen Injektoren 1" und 1'", die jeweils Abwandlungen des Injektors 1' des bekannten Beispiels der Fig. 3 und 4 darstellen, weshalb zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wiederholungen für gleiche Baugruppen gleiche Bezugsziffern verwendet werden und nachfolgend nur auf die Details eingegangen wird, durch die sich die bekannten Beispiele der Fig. 5 und 6 jeweils von dem bekannten Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 unterscheiden.
3 and 4 show a known example of an injector 1 'in the region of an injection nozzle 2' and a control valve 3 'and between the injection nozzle 2' and the control valve 3 'positioned intermediate plates 4' and 5 ', namely the valve plate 4' and the throttle plate 5 '. Also in this known example of the 3 and 4 these assemblies are clamped together as a composite 6 ', namely in turn by means of a clamping sleeve 7'. The clamping sleeve 7 'therefore serves in turn the distortion of the control valve 3', injection nozzle 2 'and the two intermediate plates 4' and 5 ', wherein the clamping sleeve 7' in the clamped state of the composite 6 'again separating surfaces between the braced elements 2', 3 ' , 4 'and 5' covered. The well-known example of 3 and 4 differs from the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 However, by the specific embodiment or design of the clamping sleeve 7 '. In this known example the 3 and 4 is on the radially outer surface of the control valve 3 'a shoulder 12' is formed, which cooperates with a radially inwardly directed projection 13 'of the clamping sleeve 7' together that the same together to ensure a positional fixation of the clamping sleeve 7 'on the control valve 3'. At an opposite section, the clamping sleeve 7 'has an internal thread 14' which cooperates with an external thread 15 'of the injection nozzle 2', namely such that when the injection nozzle 2 'and clamping sleeve 7' are screwed together via their threads 14 'and 15'. the elements 2 ', 3', 4 'and 5' are clamped as a composite 6 '.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show injectors 1 "and 1 '", each of which modifications of the injector 1' of the known example of 3 and 4 Therefore, to avoid unnecessary repetition for the same components same reference numerals are used and will be discussed below only on the details through which the known examples of FIGS. 5 and 6 each of the known example of 3 and 4 differ.

Das bekannte Beispiel der Fig. 6 unterscheidet sich von dem bekannten Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 lediglich dadurch, dass zur geometrischen Verkürzung der Spannhülse 7' der Absatz 12' des Steuerventils 3', der zusammen mit dem Vorsprung 13' der Spannhülse 7' die Lagefixierung zwischen Spannhülse 7' und Steuerventil 3' bereitstellt, an einem mittleren Abschnitt des Steuerventils 3' ausgebildet ist.The well-known example of Fig. 6 differs from the known example of 3 and 4 only in that the geometric shortening of the clamping sleeve 7 'of the shoulder 12' of the control valve 3 ', together with the projection 13' of the clamping sleeve 7 ', the positional fixation between the clamping sleeve 7' and Control valve 3 'provides, at a central portion of the control valve 3' is formed.

Das bekannte Beispiel der Fig. 5 unterscheidet sich von dem bekannten Beispiel der Fig. 3 und 4 dadurch, dass an der äußeren Mantelfläche des Steuerventils 3' in Übereinstimmung zum Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2 eine umlaufende Nut 9' ausgebildet ist, in welche zur Lagefixierung der Spannhülse 7' an dem Steuerventil 3' ein umlaufender Vorsprung 11' der Spannhülse 7' formschlüssig eingreift.The well-known example of Fig. 5 differs from the known example of 3 and 4 in that on the outer circumferential surface of the control valve 3 'in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2 a circumferential groove 9 'is formed, in which for fixing the position of the clamping sleeve 7' on the control valve 3 'a circumferential projection 11' of the clamping sleeve 7 'positively engages.

In den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen der Injektoren 1, 1', 1", 1'" sind zwischen der jeweiligen Einspritzdüse 2, 2' und dem jeweiligen Steuerventil 3, 3' jeweils zwei Zwischenplatten positioniert, nämlich die Ventilplatte 4, 4' und die Drosselplatte 5, 5'. Es ist möglich, dass auch lediglich eine dieser Zwischenplatten 4, 4' oder 5, 5' oder keine Zwischenplatte vorhanden ist.In the exemplary embodiments of the injectors 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'" shown, two intermediate plates are respectively positioned between the respective injection nozzle 2, 2 'and the respective control valve 3, 3', namely the valve plate 4, 4 'and the throttle plate 5 , 5 '. It is possible that only one of these intermediate plates 4, 4 'or 5, 5' or no intermediate plate is present.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1', 1", 1'"1, 1 ', 1 ", 1'"
Injektorinjector
2, 2'2, 2 '
Einspritzdüseinjection
3, 3'3, 3 '
Steuerventilcontrol valve
4, 4'4, 4 '
Ventilplattevalve plate
5, 5'5, 5 '
Drosselplattethrottle plate
6, 6'6, 6 '
Verbundcomposite
7, 7'7, 7 '
Spannhülseclamping sleeve
88th
Ausnehmungrecess
9, 9'9, 9 '
Ausnehmungrecess
1010
Vorsprunghead Start
11, 11'11, 11 '
Vorsprunghead Start
12'12 '
Absatzparagraph
13'13 '
Vorsprunghead Start
14'14 '
Innengewindeinner thread
15'15 '
Außengewindeexternal thread

Claims (3)

  1. An injector (1, 1', 1", 1'") for a fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine, namely for a common-rail fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine designed in particular as large diesel internal combustion engine or diesel internal combustion engine of a ship, with an injection nozzle (2, 2'), with a control valve (3, 3') and with a retaining body, wherein the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3') form a clamped combination (6, 6') and wherein the combination (6, 6') of the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3') is mountable as a unit to the retaining body and dismountable as a unit from the retaining body, characterized in that the control valve (3) and the injection nozzle (2), on a radially outer surface, each comprise at least one circumferential groove (8, 9) directed to radially inside, wherein a clamping sleeve (7), on axially spaced sections, each comprises a circumferential protrusion (10, 11) directed to radially inside, which engage in the respective grooves (8, 9) directed to the inside, wherein the clamping sleeve (7) covers separating surfaces between elements (2, 3, 4, 5) of the combination (6) to be clamped, wherein the protrusions following a deformation of the clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the injection nozzle (2) and the control valve (3) at least in sections, positively engage in the grooves (8, 9) thereby providing the clamped combination.
  2. The injector according to Claim 1, characterized by at least one intermediate plate positioned between the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3'), in particular by a valve plate (4, 4') positioned between the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3') and by a throttle plate (5, 5') positioned between the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3'), wherein the or each intermediate plate together with the injection nozzle (2, 2') and the control valve (3, 3') are clamped to form the combination (6, 6').
  3. The fuel supply system, namely common-rail fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine designed in particular as large diesel internal combustion engine or diesel internal combustion engine of a ship, with a low-pressure region, with a pumping device comprising at least one high-pressure pump, in order to pump fuel from the low-pressure region of the fuel supply system into a high-pressure region of the same, wherein in the high-pressure region between the pumping device and injectors assigned to cylinders a pressure accumulator system that is permanently under high pressure and comprises at least one accumulator unit is provided, wherein the pressure accumulator system is connected to the pumping device via at least one high-pressure fuel line that is likewise under high pressure, wherein the pressure accumulator system is connected to the injectors via high-pressure fuel lines, characterized in that the injectors (1, 1', 1", 1'", 1"") are designed according to any one of the Claims 1 to 2.
EP13166455.9A 2012-05-15 2013-05-03 Injector for a fuel supply system of a combustion engine and fuel supply system Active EP2664782B1 (en)

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JP6388323B2 (en) 2018-09-12
CN103423052B (en) 2018-10-12
KR20130127933A (en) 2013-11-25
JP2013238226A (en) 2013-11-28
CN103423052A (en) 2013-12-04
US10174729B2 (en) 2019-01-08
DE102012208075A1 (en) 2013-11-21
US20140007845A1 (en) 2014-01-09
EP2664782A1 (en) 2013-11-20

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