EP2656434B1 - Diplexeur pour radar fmcw homodyne - Google Patents

Diplexeur pour radar fmcw homodyne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2656434B1
EP2656434B1 EP11796947.7A EP11796947A EP2656434B1 EP 2656434 B1 EP2656434 B1 EP 2656434B1 EP 11796947 A EP11796947 A EP 11796947A EP 2656434 B1 EP2656434 B1 EP 2656434B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diplexer
waveguide
waveguide channels
coupling zone
depressions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11796947.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2656434A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Barth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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Publication of EP2656434A1 publication Critical patent/EP2656434A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/181—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides
    • H01P5/182—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides the waveguides being arranged in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2138—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using hollow waveguide filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diplexer for a homodyne FMCW radar device.
  • the invention relates to such a diplexer constructed in waveguide technology.
  • diplexers are used to switch two inputs to one output and work as a crossover in this sense.
  • two input channels can be decoupled and separated in the signal direction, for example, to be able to operate on an antenna connected to an output channel. Echo signals that are reflected and received by the impact of transmit signals from the antenna on reflective surfaces can then be redistributed to the associated receivers.
  • signals in the diplexer are to be damped as low as possible, and on the other hand, the decoupling between the two input channels should be as large as possible. This means that signals should only be directed in the desired direction, while the highest possible attenuation occurs in the other direction.
  • Known diplexers for radar technology are arranged in the low-cost range, for example, as a microstrip line coupler directly on printed circuit boards and can be made very small, very precise and cost-effective, so that they are used in consumer products such as mobile phones.
  • Their disadvantages are their low directivity and high losses with moderate adaptation.
  • the frequency spacing between the two transmission frequencies is specified constructively by the diplexer.
  • detour lines are dimensioned with a multiple of the wavelength, since then also smaller phase differences multiply and the diplexer thereby obtains a narrower transmission curve.
  • the transmission frequencies are given by the fact that the same waveguide length for one frequency must have a even integer multiple and for the second frequency an odd multiple of half the wavelength.
  • the diplexer also becomes permeable to other frequencies, which are usually suppressed by an additional filter. Another reason for using a multiple wavelength is that it reduces the installed frequency spacing between the two transmission frequencies.
  • FMCW radar devices with a waveguide-type diplexer are particularly suited for broadband applications such as distance measurement and level measurement in industrial process instrumentation, because they are characterized by high performance and relatively easy adaptation to the desired frequencies ,
  • a diplexer with planar waveguides is in the patent US 3,999,151 described. Due to the cross-shaped arrangement of Hohlleoter ausrrenz the coupling region is a very compact design, but at very low bandwidth, the diplexer possible.
  • a diplexer with a likewise large bandwidth is in the publication GB 2 449 825 A described.
  • the large bandwidth is achieved by additional recesses are recessed on the inner walls of the waveguide channels.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a diplexer for a homodyne FMCW radar device, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured because of small dimensions of its waveguide structure.
  • the recesses are configured approximately cuboid.
  • the depressions are cylindrical.
  • the diplexer is composed of two half-shells, with the structure of waveguides, recesses and transitions being milled out of the half-shells.
  • the structure is manufactured essentially with a milling cutter with a diameter of the order of 1 mm.
  • the two half-shells from which the diplexer is composable as injection molded parts, which may be in particular plastic injection molded parts.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention provides that the sectional plane of the half-shells lies in the plane of the electric field strength E.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention relates to a level measuring device comprising a diplexer according to the invention.
  • a diplexer 1 with two waveguide channels 12 and 14 are shown, which are each formed from two waveguide sections 12a, 12b and 14a, 14b.
  • the waveguide channels 12 and 14 or the waveguide sections 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b are connected in a waveguide coupler 16.
  • a first port 18a, a second port 18b, a third port 18c and a fourth port 18d are found.
  • the direction of the electric field E that is to say the direction of polarization at the first port 18a and at the fourth port 18d, is illustrated by an arrow 20 in each case.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a structure of an embodiment of the diplexer 30 according to the invention, which is formed from two symmetrical half-shells 32 and 34.
  • a separation or sectional plane of the half-shells 24 and 26 is the plane of the electric field strength E that is in Fig. 2 by an arrow labeled "54" is indicated.
  • the hollow structures per se are shown in gray, which are each introduced into a surrounding block of suitable material, preferably milled into it, so that the symmetrical half-shell 32 and 34 are created in this way.
  • FIG. 2 illustrated, two closely spaced and parallel guided waveguide channels 36 and 38 having a preferably rectangular cross-section and horizontal polarization separated by a partition wall 42 so that end to the waveguide sections 36a, 36b and 38a, 38b, a first gate 40a, a second gate 40b, a third gate 40c and a fourth gate 40d are formed.
  • the partition wall 42 is pierced in a section labeled "breakthrough 44" and constitutes a coupling zone 46 between the waveguide channels 36 and 38. Since the desired broadband behavior of the inventive diplexer 30 only at a certain ratio of waveguide dimensions to the Dimensions of the coupling zone 46 and the recesses 48, 50 adjusts the waveguide dimensions are not arbitrary selectable.
  • transitions 52a-52d are introduced at each waveguide port 40a-40d, which are designed in their position and shape so that they support the desired broadband behavior of the diplexer 30.
  • Fig. 3 The principle of operation of in Fig. 2 shown structure of a slot coupler in the plane of the electric field E 54 is in Fig. 3 illustrated in a schematic diagram. For explanation will also be on Fig. 2 directed.
  • the per se by an ideally "infinite" thin partition 42 separate waveguide channels 36, 38 are connected in the coupling zone 46 by means of the opening 44.
  • H10 mode waves can propagate in both the y and x directions.
  • An in Fig. 3 The edge labeled "e1" forms a strong impurity for the field of an H10 mode wave coming from the first port 38a, resulting in a vortex of the E field in the coupling zone 46 before the second gate 40b leads.
  • the invention proposes the in Fig. 2 illustrated construction of the diplexer 30 from the two in the E- plane joined half-shells 34, 36 before.
  • a diplexer for broadband applications.
  • a plurality of waveguide modes are exploited in order to achieve broadband behavior of the diplexer 30.
  • couplers of this type unusual excitation of the H20 mode by well-defined edges, imperfections and in particular by depressions in the common coupling zone 46.
  • Each of the impurities excited non-propagating evanescent waves that act as energy storage and the realization of electrical Properties are set in a specific relationship to each other.
  • the latter is determined by targeted variation of the impurity parameters by means of programs known per se for the three-dimensional full-wave analysis of such a diplexer.
  • the coupling zone lies in the in Fig. 3 designated z direction, so that both H20 mode and H01 mode waves are excited. How this can be used in a controlled way is based on parameters of the Fig. 4 illustrated structure of a particular embodiment of the diplexer 30 according to the invention explained.
  • H20, H01 and H10 mode waves have different propagation velocities which lead to common interferences, which are the location for vortexing Fig. 3 ) influence.
  • An optimization of the height ak of the coupling zone 46 makes it possible to reduce the turbulence ("vortex" in FIG Fig. 3 ) of the E- field in front of the fourth gate 40d to achieve the desired behavior.
  • turbulence "vortex" in FIG Fig. 3 ) of the E- field in front of the fourth gate 40d
  • Fig. 4 Parameter (after Fig. 4 ) Dimensions in mm a 3.1 b 1.3 s 0.8 l 7.0 ak 5.56 bk 3.04 lk 3.94 bp 0.4 lp 0.5 This achieves a diplexer characterized by a nearly symmetrical power distribution and good insulation with good adaptation to the gates over a bandwidth of about 20%.
  • the particular manufacturing friendliness of the diplexer 30 according to the invention results from the realization of two symmetrical half shells, which can be made compact relative to the wavelength of the useful frequency. It has been found that when using aluminum injection-molded half-shells, the overall design of the structure can be designed so that it can be manufactured with a small milling cutter diameter, for example of the order of 1 mm. This results in short processing time and a relatively high precision.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 shows in perspective the structure of a practical embodiment of the diplexer 30 according to the invention. While Fig. 5 shows the individual structures cut into a block for each half-shell, shows Fig. 6 on an enlarged scale, the structures cut out of the blocks of the half-shells and joined to the diplexer 30 as such.
  • the diplexer according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a level measuring device with radar signals.

Landscapes

  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Diplexeur pour un appareil radar FMCW homodyne, lequel est constitué de deux demi-coquilles (32, 34), avec une structure comprenant
    - deux canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38) disposés parallèlement dans un plan et avec un écartement (bp), avec une section rectangulaire et respectivement deux portes de guides d'ondes (40a-d) en leur extrémité, et
    - une zone de couplage (46) réalisée à partir d'une ouverture (44) dans une cloison (42) destinée à la liaison des canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38),
    un champ électrique (E) d'une onde s'étendant approximativement le long d'un plan en coupe transversale des canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38) et dans le plan, dans lequel les canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38) sont acheminés, et
    la structure comprenant, dans la région de la zone de couplage (46), des cavités (48, 50) qui sont disposées perpendiculairement au plan, dans lequel sont acheminés les canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38),
    caractérisé
    en ce que les cavités (48, 50) sont conçues selon une forme parallélépipédique, un rapport entre les dimensions des canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38) et les dimensions de la zone de couplage (30) et les cavités (48, 50) étant choisi de telle sorte que le diplexeur (30) permette une propagation d'un mode H20 de l'onde dans la zone de couplage.
  2. Diplexeur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que sa structure constituée de canaux de guide d'ondes (36, 38), de cavités (48, 50) et de transitions (52a-d) est fraisée dans les demi-coquilles (32, 34).
  3. Diplexeur selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la structure peut être fabriquée pour l'essentiel à l'aide d'une fraise d'environ 1 mm de diamètre.
  4. Diplexeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les deux demi-coquilles (32, 34) sont des pièces moulées par injection.
  5. Diplexeur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé
    en ce que les deux demi-coquilles (32, 34) sont des pièces moulées par injection de plastique.
  6. Transmetteur de niveau comprenant un diplexeur (30) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
EP11796947.7A 2010-12-21 2011-12-01 Diplexeur pour radar fmcw homodyne Active EP2656434B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010063800A DE102010063800A1 (de) 2010-12-21 2010-12-21 Diplexer für homodynes FMCW-Radargerät
PCT/EP2011/071460 WO2012084443A1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2011-12-01 Diplexeur pour radar fmcw homodyne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2656434A1 EP2656434A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2656434B1 true EP2656434B1 (fr) 2018-02-21

Family

ID=45349471

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11796947.7A Active EP2656434B1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2011-12-01 Diplexeur pour radar fmcw homodyne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9093735B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2656434B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5789673B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103348529B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010063800A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012084443A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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GB2518344B (en) 2013-07-02 2015-09-30 Navtech Radar Ltd Radar Head
US9800903B2 (en) 2015-04-09 2017-10-24 Dejero Labs Inc. Systems, devices and methods for distributing data with multi-tiered encoding
DE102017109861A1 (de) * 2016-05-18 2017-11-23 Infineon Technologies Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtungen für Geschwindigkeits- und/oder Positionserfassung
CN116868439A (zh) * 2021-02-09 2023-10-10 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 四端口双工器装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5789673B2 (ja) 2015-10-07
DE102010063800A1 (de) 2012-06-21
EP2656434A1 (fr) 2013-10-30
US20130271237A1 (en) 2013-10-17
CN103348529A (zh) 2013-10-09
CN103348529B (zh) 2015-09-30
WO2012084443A1 (fr) 2012-06-28
JP2014507083A (ja) 2014-03-20
US9093735B2 (en) 2015-07-28

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