EP2654057B1 - Temperaturabhängiger Schalter - Google Patents

Temperaturabhängiger Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2654057B1
EP2654057B1 EP13162113.8A EP13162113A EP2654057B1 EP 2654057 B1 EP2654057 B1 EP 2654057B1 EP 13162113 A EP13162113 A EP 13162113A EP 2654057 B1 EP2654057 B1 EP 2654057B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
protective cap
temperature
cover part
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13162113.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2654057A1 (de
Inventor
Marcel P. Hofsaess
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/04—Bases; Housings; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/04—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature-dependent switch having a housing which has a cover part and a lower part, and having a temperature-dependent switching mechanism arranged in the housing, which establishes or opens an electrically conductive connection between two external connections provided on the housing depending on its temperature, at least one of which is arranged on an upper side of the switch and are connected to the connecting leads, wherein a protective cap which covers the at least one outer terminal on the upper side and out of which the pigtail connected to the at least one outer terminal leads out laterally is seated on top of the lid part.
  • Such a switch is from the US 2010/0090793 A1 known.
  • the from the DE 103 01 803 A1 Known temperature-dependent switch is used in a conventional manner to monitor the temperature of a device. For this purpose, for example, it is brought into thermal contact with the device to be protected via one of its outer surfaces, so that the temperature of the device to be protected influences the temperature of the derailleur.
  • the switch is electrically connected via the soldered to its outer terminals leads in series in the supply circuit of the device to be protected, so that below the response temperature of the switch, the supply current of the device to be protected flows through the switch.
  • the known switch has a deep-drawn lower part, in which an inner circumferential shoulder is provided, on which a lid part rests.
  • the lid part is held by a raised and flanged edge of the base firmly on this shoulder.
  • cover part and lower part are made of electrically conductive material, an insulating film is provided between them, which extends parallel to the cover part and is pulled up laterally, so that the flanged edge presses with the interposition of the insulating film on the cover part.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism here comprises a spring snap-action disk, which carries the movable contact part, as well as a bimetallic disk which is put over the movable contact part.
  • the spring snap-action disk carries a so-called movable contact part, which presses the spring disk against a stationary contact part on the inside of the cover part.
  • the spring snap-action disk With its edge, the spring snap-action disk is supported in the lower part of the housing, so that the electric current flows from the lower part through the spring snap-action disk and the movable contact part into the stationary contact and from there into the cover part.
  • the first external connection is a contact surface, which is arranged centrally on the cover part.
  • This design is particularly chosen when very high currents must be switched, which can not be easily passed through the spring washer itself.
  • a bimetal disc is provided for the temperature-dependent switching function, which rests below its critical temperature without force in the switching mechanism, wherein it is arranged geometrically between the contact part or the contact bridge and the spring snap-action disc.
  • the bimetallic disc changes its configuration and presses with its edge against an abutment, which is usually provided on the cover part.
  • the bimetallic disc presses with its central region against the spring snap-action disc and thus lifts the movable contact part of the stationary contact or the current transfer member of the two stationary contacts, so that the switch opens and the device to be protected is turned off and not further can heat up.
  • the bimetallic disc is mounted mechanically free of forces below its transition temperature, the bimetallic disc is also used in any case to guide the flow.
  • bimetallic discs have a long mechanical life, and that the switching point, so the critical temperature of the bimetal disc, not changed even after many switching cycles.
  • the bimetallic disc can also take over the function of the spring snap-action, so that the switching mechanism comprises only a bimetallic disc, which then carries the movable contact part or the current transfer member and in the closed State of the switch also conducts the current.
  • the bimetallic disc can take over the function of the spring snap-action disc.
  • From the DE 195 17 310 A1 is one to the from the above-mentioned DE 103 01 803 A1 Comparable constructed temperature-dependent switch known in which the cover part, however, is made of a PTC thermistor and rests without interposition of an insulating film on an inner circumferential shoulder of the lower part to which it is pressed by the flanged edge of the lower part.
  • the first external connection is an external head of a rivet sitting centrally in the cover part, the inside head of which serves as a fixed mating contact.
  • As a second outer terminal also serves a provided on the flanged edge of the base contact surface.
  • the PTC thermistor cover is electrically connected in parallel to the two outer terminals, so that it gives the switch a self-holding function.
  • the cover part is a PTC thermistor cover
  • this high pressure can cause the cover part to be mechanically damaged, which can lead to malfunction or even failure of the switch.
  • the known switches are therefore often used in enclosing or protective caps that serve the mechanical and / or electrical protection and often the case should also protect against the entry of impurities. Examples of this can be found for example in the DE 91 02 841 U1 , the DE 92 14 543 U1 , of the DE 37 33 693 A1 , of the DE 197 05 153 A1 and the DE 197 54 158 ,
  • a shrink cap is used, which is slid onto the switch and shrunk after leads have been soldered to the switch.
  • the leads are on the opposite side of the shrink cap of the switch from this.
  • the protective cap is attached to the switch before two terminal lugs are soldered to two provided on the outside of the housing of the switch pads.
  • the protective cap has a first opening as access to the first connection surface and a second opening as access for the second connection surface.
  • the protective cap for covering electrical connections of a mechanically actuated electrical switch is known.
  • the protective cap has an elongated base part which has an inner shape which is adapted to the outer shape of the switch.
  • the base part is provided with an insertion opening for the switch, which is surrounded by an edge, which rests against a switch provided on the collar when plugging the switch, wherein the switch jammed in the base part.
  • the base part merges at its end opposite the insertion opening into a flexible hose, through which leads connected to the terminals of the switch are routed.
  • housings or connection caps are often perceived as too expensive and with respect to the thermal connection to the device to be protected as unsatisfactory. Therefore, known temperature-dependent switches are recently potted at the applicant's company with an epoxy resin to electrically isolate them while mechanically stabilizing.
  • Switches with PTC thermistor cover part are therefore encapsulated with silicone, which indeed brings the required electrical insulation, but not in any case, the desired improvement in mechanical stability.
  • US 2010/0090793 A1 shows a temperature-dependent switch with a plastic cap, which sits with its edge on a flat cover part of the switch housing.
  • the cavity between the cover part and the plastic cap is filled with an electrically insulating material.
  • the present invention seeks to increase the pressure stability in the known switch in a structurally simple and inexpensive way.
  • the protective cap has a shoulder with which it rests on an edge of a wall of the lower part, which defines the lid part on the lower part, wherein on the protective cap in the direction of the wall of the Bottom parts of the shoulder adjoining cylindrical wall is arranged, which bears against the outside of the wall of the lower part
  • the cylindrical wall of the protective cap which adjoins the shoulder, thereby ensuring a simple centering of the protective cap on the lower part, wherein the cylindrical wall of the cap at the same time by resting against the wall of the lower part ensures that the space between the protective cap and the top Switch is sealed to the outside, so that gases, liquids or dirt particles can not get to the top of the switch and from there into the interior of the switch
  • the protective cap which is placed only from above on a switch of any type, is provided for a sufficient mechanical protection of the cover part. Furthermore, the connection of the pigtail to the external terminal on the lid parts is protected.
  • neither the surrounding housing nor the terminal cups are required to mechanically provide enough stability to a switch to be wrapped in windings of a motor or transformer.
  • the cover part consists of a PTC thermistor, the pressure exerted on the switch, in particular from above and below, does not cause the PTC cover to be damaged.
  • the inventor has just not gone the way to stiffen the case from the inside or equip it with a thicker lid part.
  • the inventor of the present application has recognized that in the case of the new switch, the pressure acting from above on the switch can be directed into the side walls of the housing by the protective cap applied from above onto the cover part, so that loading of the cover part is completely prevented or at least prevented is reduced.
  • both outer terminals are arranged on the upper side and provided there with connecting leads, which lead laterally out of the protective cap.
  • the protective cap at the same time provides for the insulation and the protection of the two outer terminals, since it covers them.
  • an adhesive preferably a silicone adhesive or a resin is applied, which covers at least one outer terminal or the two outer terminals and the protective cap glued to the switch.
  • the protective cap is not or not exclusively held purely mechanically but also / only cohesively. It is automatically determined when the adhesive cures on the switch, so to speak.
  • the adhesive which is preferably a silicone adhesive, thereby covers at least the outer terminals of the switch and the possibly still free stripped ends of the connecting wires, so that no short circuit between the outer terminals on the material of the protective cap is effected.
  • the silicone adhesive or resin also provides strain relief for the leads soldered to the external terminals, although the silicone adhesive does not provide the degree of stability that an epoxy resin would provide. Nevertheless, the combination of silicone adhesive and protective cap ensures on the one hand excellent mechanical stability and pressure compatibility of the new switch as well as adequate electrical and mechanical protection of the cover part.
  • the switch can therefore also be wrapped in a winding of a coil when the cover part consists of a PTC thermistor material.
  • the silicone adhesive further provides for an electrical insulation of the cover part relative to the protective cap, which itself can be electrically connected to the lower part.
  • the provided with the protective cap switch can then be subsequently introduced into a cap made of a shrink tubing to isolate the switch to the outside, as it is, for example, from the DE 19 05 153 is known, the content of which is hereby made the subject of the present application.
  • the protective cap has a lateral opening, from which protrudes a pigtail or the two connecting wires protrude.
  • the protective cap is not the cover of the lid portion of the switch, the opening being led out laterally from the cap, so that the cap itself remains closed at the top, from where when wrapping the switch greatest pressure is exerted on the switch.
  • the protective cap can easily be arranged on the switch.
  • the protective cap has a dome-like cover, under which at least the outer terminal lies or the outer terminals are located.
  • top of the cap as a dome-like lid also gives the cap itself excellent pressure stability, on the lid of the cap force exerted along the cap in the shoulder and from this into the wall of the base.
  • a cylindrical wall is arranged on the protective cap between the lid and shoulder.
  • the advantage here is that the distance between the shoulder and the lid can be designed so large by the cylindrical wall that the selected fastening technology, in particular the solder pads or welding surfaces are easily accommodate under the cap.
  • the protective cap made of metal, preferably made of steel.
  • the protective cap itself has excellent pressure stability, wherein it can be manufactured as a simple deep-drawn part.
  • pre-assembled switch in which so the switching mechanism was installed in the housing, at any time provided with pigtails and then equipped with a protective cap, so that they can then be wrapped, for example, in windings of transformers.
  • oils or outgassing fluids used in this wrapping can not diffuse or creep into the interior of the switch, so that the switch is not only mechanically stable but also highly sealed against the environment.
  • the cap can be used in switches of any design, with changes to the switches themselves are not required.
  • switches are shown by way of example, each having a pot-like lower part with a wall, the edge of which is flanged inwardly to fix the cover part on a shoulder of the lower part.
  • At least one external connection for a pigtail is provided in the cover part, wherein the other external connection is also provided on the cover part, if the temperature-dependent switching mechanism supports a contact plate, or if the edge itself or the bottom or a wall of the electrically conductive lower part partially as further external connection can be formed.
  • Such switches are often distributed by the applicant's company, they can be equipped with a cover part of PTC thermistor or with a lid part made of insulating material or with a cover part of electrically conductive material, each corresponding insulation measures are provided so that no short circuit between electrically conductive parts that affects the operation of the switch.
  • a protective cap adapted in its geometry to the respective type of switch is now placed on these existing switches as required, which is supported with an inner shoulder on the flanged edge of the wall of the lower part, for example.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic, not to scale and shown in lateral section a temperature-dependent switch 1, which comprises a cylindrical wall 10 exhibiting, electrically conductive cup-shaped base 11 which is closed by a plate-like, electrically conductive cover member 12, the interposition of an insulating film 13 of a flanged edge 14 of the wall 10 is held on the housing lower part 11.
  • a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 15 is arranged, which comprises a spring-snap disk 16 which carries a movable contact member 17 centrally on which a freely inserted bimetallic disc 18 is seated.
  • a bimetallic disc is understood to mean a multilayer, active, sheet-metal component made of two, three or four components which are inseparably connected to one another and have different expansion coefficients.
  • the connection of the individual layers of metals or metal alloys are cohesively or positively and are achieved for example by rolling.
  • the spring snap disc 16 is supported on a bottom 19 inside of the lower part 11, while the movable contact part 17 is in contact with a fixed contact part 20 which is provided on an inner side 21 of the cover part 12.
  • the two outer terminals 22, 23 are thus adjacent to one another at an upper side 25 of the switch. 1
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism 15 in the in Fig. 1 shown low-temperature position an electrically conductive connection between the two outer terminals 22, 23 forth, the operating current on the fixed contact part 20, the movable contact part 17, the spring snap disk 16 and the lower part 11 flows.
  • Fig. 2 shows a temperature-dependent switch 1 ', which is constructed similar to the switch 1 off Fig. 1 , Same constructive features are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG Fig. 1 Mistake.
  • the cover part 12 is not made of electrically conductive material but of a cold conductor material 26 which acts as a self-holding resistor, so that the switch 1' is held in the open state until the supply voltage is switched off.
  • a "PTC thermistor material” is understood as meaning an electrically conductive ceramic material which has a positive temperature coefficient, so that its electrical resistance increases with increasing temperature increased. The course of the electrical resistance value over the temperature is non-linear.
  • PTC thermistors are also referred to as PTC resistors. They are made, for example, from semiconductive, polycrystalline ceramics such as BaTiO3.
  • the stationary contact part 20 is formed by an inner head of a rivet 27, which passes through the lid part and forms the outer terminal 22 with its outer head.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic plan view of the switches 1 and 1 ', which do not differ significantly in this view.
  • switches 1 and 1 'from the Fig. 1 and 2 are provided with a switching mechanism 15, in which the current flows through the spring snap disk 16, shows Fig. 4 a switch 1 "', in which the current is passed through a contact plate, so that this switch 1" can switch higher currents.
  • the temperature-dependent switch 1 "comprises a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 111 housed in a housing 112.
  • the housing 112 comprises a bottom wall 114 having a cylindrical wall 113 and a cover part 115 closing this, which is held by a flanged edge 116 of the wall 113 of the base 114 at this. Between the lower part 114 and the lid part 115, a ring 117 is arranged, which is supported on a shoulder 118 of the lower part 114 and there leads a spring snap-action disc 121 of the rear derailleur 111 at its edge.
  • the rear derailleur 111 additionally comprises, in addition to the spring snap-action disc 121, a bimetallic disc 122 which, together with the spring snap-action disc 121, is centrally penetrated by a pin-like rivet 123, by which these are mechanically connected to a current transfer member in the form of a contact plate 124.
  • the rivet 123 has a first shoulder 125 on which the bimetallic disc 122 sits with radial and axial play, with a second shoulder 126 is provided, on which the spring snap disc 121 also sits with radial and axial play.
  • the bimetallic disc 122 is supported with its peripheral edge inside in the lower part 114.
  • the already mentioned contact plate 124 has, in the direction of the cover part 115, two electrically interconnected, large-area contact surfaces 127 which cooperate with two stationary contacts 131, 132 arranged on the inner side 129 of the cover part 115, which are inner heads of contact rivets 133, 134 pass through the lid member 115 and serve with their outer heads 135, 136 on the upper surface 138 of the lid member 115 as petroleuman say22 and 23.
  • the cover member 115 is made of a PTC resistor 26, so represents a PTC resistor, the is electrically connected between the stationary contacts 131, 132.
  • the cover part 115 thus acts as a self-holding resistor.
  • Fig. 5 shows a plan view of the switch 1 "in a representation like Fig. 3 ,
  • a pigtail 27, 28 are soldered to the outer terminals 22, 23 each with their respective stripped end 29, 31.
  • the protective cap 41 made of metal, preferably as a deep-drawn part or a turned part made of steel, covers the entire upper side 25, 138 of the switch 1, 1 ', 1 "and has a lateral opening 42 from which the two connecting leads 27, 28 lead out In this way, both the cover part 12, 115 and the external connections 22, 23 are protected against the direct introduction of mechanical forces, in particular against pressure.
  • Fig. 7 the protective cap 41 is in cross section along the line VII-VII Fig. 6 shown.
  • the protective cap 41 has a dome-like cover 43, to which in Fig. 7 downwardly connects a cylindrical wall 44 which merges into an outwardly and downwardly facing inner shoulder 45 to which a downwardly facing wall 46 connects, which widens slightly in the direction of its insertion opening 50 to the outside.
  • the wall 46 thus closes with the symmetry axis 47 of the protective cap 41 at an angle indicated at 48, which is between 2 ° and 10 ° degrees, in the present case is about 5 °.
  • Fig. 8 is for the switch 1 'off Fig. 2 the arrangement Fig. 6 in a view along the line VIII-VIII shown.
  • the shoulder 45 rests on the edge 14 of the switch 1 ', so that pressure, which is exerted from above on the lid 43 of the cap 41, is passed over the edge 14 in the wall 10 of the lower part 11.
  • the lateral opening 42, from which the connecting strands 27, 28 protrude, is in each case partially cut out of the cover 43, the wall 44, the shoulder 45 and the wall 46.
  • the area between the upper side 25 and the cover 43 is filled with an adhesive, in particular a silicone adhesive 49, which is placed on the upper side 25 of the switch 1 'before the protective cap 41 is placed, around the free ends 29, 31 of the connecting leads 27, 28 as well to electrically isolate the external terminals 22, 23 and to provide a certain strain relief for the connecting leads 27, 28.
  • an adhesive in particular a silicone adhesive 49
  • the silicone also ensures that the protective cap 41 is firmly held on the switch 1'.
  • the adhesive (49) isolates the cover part (12) from the protective cap (41).
  • the wall 46 of the protective cap 41 is located on the outside of the wall 10 of the switch 1 'and thereby provides mechanical support and for sealing the interior of the protective cap against the entry of gases, liquids or dirt particles.
  • the small opening angle 48 of the wall 46 ensures during assembly of the protective cap 41 on the switch 1 'that the protective cap 41 can be easily plugged despite the silicone layer.
  • the switches 1 and 1 can be protected by the protective cap 41, wherein for use with the switch 1, the shoulder 45 of the protective cap 41 can be inclined slightly downwards, so that it rests flush on the inclined edge 14 of the wall 10 ,

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
EP13162113.8A 2012-04-16 2013-04-03 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter Active EP2654057B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012103279A DE102012103279B3 (de) 2012-04-16 2012-04-16 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter sowie Verfahren zur Endmontage eines solchen Schalters

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2654057A1 EP2654057A1 (de) 2013-10-23
EP2654057B1 true EP2654057B1 (de) 2017-09-13

Family

ID=48049819

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13162113.8A Active EP2654057B1 (de) 2012-04-16 2013-04-03 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2654057B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103377850B (zh)
DE (1) DE102012103279B3 (zh)
DK (1) DK2654057T3 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2741350T3 (es) * 2016-07-11 2020-02-10 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Interruptor dependiente de la temperatura con arandela aislante
CN109801811A (zh) * 2019-03-19 2019-05-24 广州安的电子技术有限公司 温度开关
DE102019112074B4 (de) * 2019-05-09 2020-12-17 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102019132433B4 (de) * 2019-11-29 2021-08-12 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100090793A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2010-04-15 Ubukata Industries Co., Ltd. Mounting structure for temperature switch

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US2785251A (en) * 1953-06-16 1957-03-12 Robert J Cassidy Sealed electrical switches
NL291107A (zh) * 1962-04-09 1900-01-01
DE1905153C2 (de) 1969-02-03 1974-12-12 Fa. Christian Pfeiffer, 4720 Beckum Umluftsichter
US4091354A (en) * 1976-06-03 1978-05-23 Therm-O-Disc Incorporated Bimetal snap disc thermostat arranged to reduce temperature calibration drift
DE8500845U1 (de) * 1985-01-15 1985-04-18 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Abdeckkappe für einen elektrischen Schalter
DE3733693C2 (de) 1986-10-28 1998-10-01 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Ulrika Temperaturschalteinrichtung
DE9102841U1 (zh) 1991-03-09 1992-04-02 Hofsaess, Peter, 7530 Pforzheim, De
DE4139091C2 (de) 1991-11-28 2002-02-07 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Temperaturschalter in einem dichten Gehäuse
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DE19705153C2 (de) * 1997-02-11 2001-03-08 Marcel Hofsaes Schrumpfkappe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie mit der Schrumpfkappe versehenes Bauteil
DE19754158A1 (de) 1997-10-28 1999-05-12 Marcel Hofsaes Verfahren zum Isolieren eines elektrischen Bauteiles
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JP2006031955A (ja) * 2004-07-12 2006-02-02 Alps Electric Co Ltd 熱応動スイッチ
DE102005001371B4 (de) 2005-01-12 2012-03-15 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Verwendung eines Anschlussübertopfes sowie Schalter mit einem Anschlussübertopf
DE102009030353B3 (de) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-02 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Kappe für einen temperaturabhängigen Schalter sowie Verfahren zur Fertigung eines temperaturabhängigen Schalters
DE102009039948A1 (de) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-03 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
CN201838513U (zh) * 2010-10-22 2011-05-18 江苏扬工动力机械有限公司 一种温度保护器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100090793A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2010-04-15 Ubukata Industries Co., Ltd. Mounting structure for temperature switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103377850B (zh) 2018-01-26
EP2654057A1 (de) 2013-10-23
DK2654057T3 (en) 2017-12-11
CN103377850A (zh) 2013-10-30
DE102012103279B3 (de) 2013-09-12

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