EP2636985B1 - Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit verbessertem Kopf - Google Patents

Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit verbessertem Kopf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2636985B1
EP2636985B1 EP13157701.7A EP13157701A EP2636985B1 EP 2636985 B1 EP2636985 B1 EP 2636985B1 EP 13157701 A EP13157701 A EP 13157701A EP 2636985 B1 EP2636985 B1 EP 2636985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bar
diameter
projectile
tip
target
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13157701.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2636985A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Eches
Arnaud Guilloux
Richard Roy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Munitions SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Priority to PL13157701T priority Critical patent/PL2636985T3/pl
Publication of EP2636985A1 publication Critical patent/EP2636985A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2636985B1 publication Critical patent/EP2636985B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/068—Sabots characterised by the material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/08—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with armour-piercing caps; with armoured cupola

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of sub-calibrated projectiles and in particular sub-calibrated projectiles of the shell type of large caliber shells (caliber greater than 75 mm).
  • Subcalibrated projectiles are well known. They consist of a bar made of perforating material, with a tapered front part, and carrying a stabilizing stabilizer.
  • the bar has a caliber much lower than that of the weapon which fires the projectile (bar diameter of 25 to 30 mm for a caliber of weapon of 120 mm).
  • the shot is made possible thanks to a hoof with the caliber of the weapon which releases the bar at the exit of the tube of the weapon.
  • One of the main problems encountered by the sub-calibrated projectiles is that of the perforation decrease related to an impact on the target with an impact (impact at an angle of the projectile with the target different from 90 °).
  • the diameter of the necking is substantially equal to the diameter of the bar while the diameter of the crater can be twice that of the bar.
  • the sub-calibrated arrow projectiles that are the subject of the invention are fired by a gun barrel and have an impact speed on a target of the order of 1700 meters per second.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a sub-calibrated arrow-type projectile having an arranged head structure which gives it a capacity of perforation which is little reduced by oblique impacts.
  • the subject of the invention is a sub-calibrated arrow-type projectile comprising a perforating rod extended by a conical part, and surrounded by a sabot made of light material and allowing the projectile to be fired into a weapon, a projectile characterized in that the part conical comprises a tip of heat-resistant material having a diameter less than half the diameter of the bar, the tip being connected to the bar by a support structure without ballistic effect, the bar having a front face substantially flat to the diameter of the bar .
  • the support structure comprises a block made of plastic or ceramic.
  • the support structure comprises a conical tubular sleeve of aluminum.
  • the support structure may comprise a foot connecting the tip to a median portion of the front face of the bar, the foot having a diameter less than a quarter of the diameter of the bar.
  • the foot may be surrounded by a tube of plastic or ceramic.
  • the figure 1 shows a projectile arrow 1 which comprises in a conventional manner a shoe 2 made of light material (such as an aluminum alloy), shoe formed of several segments and which surrounds a bar 3 sub-calibrated.
  • a shoe 2 made of light material (such as an aluminum alloy), shoe formed of several segments and which surrounds a bar 3 sub-calibrated.
  • the bar is made of steel or a dense alloy based on tungsten.
  • the bar comprises a conical front part 3a and carries at its rear part 3b a stabilizer 4 ensuring its stabilization on trajectory.
  • the shoe wears a belt 5, made of plastic material, which seals the propellant gases when firing into the barrel of a weapon (not shown).
  • the propellant charge gases (not shown) exert their thrust at a rear portion 6 of the shoe which is the caliber and which constitutes what is called the thrust plate.
  • the shoe 2 is intended to allow the shot of the projectile in the weapon. It consists of several segments (usually three) which surround the bar 3 and which are in contact two by two at joint planes.
  • Means form concordance (not shown), for example a thread, are interposed between the shoe 2 and the bar 3 to ensure the drive thereof.
  • the figure 2 shows more precisely an exemplary embodiment of a front portion 3a conical bar 3 for a projectile according to the prior art.
  • This front part is formed by a conical cap C which is made for example of steel to be able to withstand the heating on trajectory.
  • the cap has a cylindrical extension C1 which is positioned on a constriction R made at the front end of the bar 3.
  • the bar 3 is extended by several cylindrical portions E1, E2, E3 whose diameter is progressively decreasing from the bar 3 towards the front of the cap C.
  • This conventional structure is adopted to facilitate a progressive fragmentation of the structure of head to the impact on a target. This is described in particular by the patent FR2578045 .
  • the figure 3 shows the effect of the impact of such a projectile on a target 20.
  • the warhead C is destroyed during the impact and the stack E1, E2, E3 creates a front hole of diameter D R which is slightly greater at the diameter d1 of the bar 3.
  • the head of the bar expands inside the target and creates a hole whose diameter D is substantially equal to twice that of the bar d1 (D ⁇ 2d1).
  • the figure 4 shows a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the conical portion 3a has a tip 7 which is made of a heat-resistant material on the trajectory of the projectile, for example steel or a material identical to that of the bar 3, such as a tungsten alloy .
  • the tip 7 may also be made of a metal or a ceramic having a melting point greater than 1700 K.
  • This point 7 has a maximum diameter d2 which is less than half the diameter d1 of the bar. It extends over a length l which is between 20% and 50% of the total length L of the conical portion 3a.
  • the tip 7 is connected to the bar 3 by a light structure which is here formed by a block 8 of plastic.
  • the block 8 is fixed (here by gluing) at a flat front face 9 of the bar 3.
  • the tip 7 is fixed to the block 8, here by crimping.
  • the tip 7 door a cylindrical stud 10 which is housed in a corresponding hole of the block 8.
  • the tip 7 serves to ensure the heating resistance of the conical portion 3a during the ballistic trajectory of the bar 3. Its perforating efficiency is not important.
  • the resistance to thermal stresses related to the flight leads to choose, to achieve the tip 7, a high melting point material (melting temperature greater than 1700 K), for example steel or a tungsten alloy, or a ceramic.
  • the figure 5 shows this projectile at impact on a target 20. Due to the diameter of the tip 7 which is less than half the diameter d1 of the bar, the widening of the hole caused gradually by the tip does not exceed half of d1. The bar will then be able to impact the target 20 by its flat front face 9.
  • the tip 7 thus generates a pre-crater of diameter substantially equal to that of the tip (d2) and the block 8 is destroyed. Only the bar 3 has a perforating effect on the target. Its flat front face 9 and its diameter d1 lead to the realization of a cavity whose diameter will be substantially twice that (d1) of the bar.
  • the block 8 is non-existent and the projectile behaves as if it consisted of two distinct parts impacting consecutively the target: the point 7 and the bar 3. To say that the block does not have Ballistic effect means that it does not participate in the perforation.
  • the tip has a diameter between 0, 5d1 and d1
  • the head structure of the projectile according to the invention comprises only, at the end of the front conical portion 3a, an element (tip 7) providing the thermal shock resistance occurring during flight.
  • This resistant element must be as small as possible and it must not hinder the impact of the flat front face 9 of the bar 3 itself on the target. This is why the structure connecting this resistant tip 7 to the bar 3 must also be as light as possible.
  • the perforation performance is provided by the bar 3 alone whose front face 9 plane is at diameter d1 of the bar.
  • the conical part 3a in front of the bar does not participate in the perforation and must be eliminated on impact so as not to disturb the action of the bar.
  • a material without particular perforation capabilities will be chosen, for example a plastic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or another polymer.
  • the support structure 8 may also be made of a ceramic, such as aluminum nitride which has a very good thermal resistance and which is easily machinable. The heating of the support 8 is less than that suffered by the tip 7 itself. It will suffice to choose, for the support 8, a material having a melting point greater than 200 ° C.
  • the figure 6 shows another embodiment of the invention which differs from that of the figure 4 that by the presence of a cylindrical rod 11 to the rear face of the block 8. This rod 11 is positioned in a bore 12 formed at the front face 9 of the bar 3.
  • the figure 7 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the support structure is formed by a frustoconical sleeve 13 made of aluminum.
  • the sleeve 13 is hollow and delimits an empty space 14.
  • the sleeve 13 has a reduced thickness (of the order of one millimeter).
  • One of its functions is to ensure the aerodynamic profile of the projectile for its ballistic trajectory.
  • It also supports the tip 7 which, as in the previous embodiments, is made of a thermally resistant material, for example steel or a material identical to that of the bar 3, such as a tungsten alloy.
  • the tip 7 provides the thermal shock resistance occurring during the flight.
  • the tip 7 always has a maximum diameter d2 which is less than half the diameter d1 of the bar 3 and extends over a length l which is between 20% and 50% of the total length L of the conical portion 3a.
  • the sleeve 13 receives at its front portion the pin 10 of the tip 7 which can carry a thread.
  • the sleeve 13 comprises a cylindrical extension 16 which is positioned on a narrowing 15 made at the front end of the bar 3.
  • the diameter reduction of the bar 3 at the necking 15 has a negligible influence on the perforation performance.
  • the sleeve therefore has no ballistic effect on the target (it does not participate in the perforation).
  • the tip 7 and the sleeve 13 are ejected or destroyed. It is the bar 3 with its flat front face 9 which impacts the target and creates in it a perforation of diameter substantially equal to twice that of d1. This large diameter hole is obtained even with high incidence impacts. Perforation performance is therefore not reduced by impact impact.
  • the figure 8 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the support structure of the tip 7 comprises a foot 17 connecting the tip 7 to a middle portion M of the front face 9 of the bar.
  • the foot 17 can (as shown here) be made in one piece with the tip 7. It is fixed to the bar 3 by a threaded end 18 engaged in a tapping carried by the front face 9 of the bar 3.
  • the foot 17 is surrounded by a tube 19 made of plastic or ceramic.
  • This tube has an external conical profile and has the sole function of completing the ballistic ogive of the bar. It does not participate in the perforation and therefore has no ballistic effect. It is destroyed by the impact on the target.
  • the material of the tube 19 may be chosen from materials having a melting point greater than 200 ° C. (just as the support 8 described with reference to the figures 4 and 6 ).
  • the diameter d2 of the tip 7 is less than half the diameter d1 of the bar 3.
  • the foot 17 also has a diameter d3 which is less than a quarter of the diameter d1 of the bar.
  • the foot 17 has no ballistic effect on the target.
  • the tip 7 creates a pre-hole whose diameter is substantially equal to d2, therefore less than half the diameter d1 of the bar 3.
  • the front face 9 of the bar 3 impacts the target without being disturbed either by the foot 17 or the tube 19. This results in a hole in the target which is devoid of shrinkage. Again, the projectile is therefore insensitive to impacts under impact.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Unterkalibriges Pfeilgeschoss, das einen panzerbrechenden Stab (3) aufweist, der durch einen konischen Abschnitt (3a) verlängert ist und von einem Treibspiegel (2) umgeben ist, der aus einem leichten Werkstoff gefertigt ist und das Abfeuern des Geschosses in einer Waffe ermöglicht, wobei das Geschoss dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der konische Abschnitt (3a) eine Spitze (7) aus einem hitzebeständigen Werkstoff aufweist, die einen Durchmesser aufweist, der geringer als die Hälfte des Durchmessers des Stabs (3) ist, wobei die Spitze (7) mit dem Stab (3) über eine Haltestruktur (8, 13, 17) ohne ballistische Wirkung verbunden ist, wobei der Stab eine ebene Vorderfläche (9) aufweist, die im Wesentlichen den Durchmesser des Stabs (3) aufweist.
  2. Unterkalibriges Geschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haltestruktur einen Block (8) aus Kunststoff oder Keramik umfasst.
  3. Unterkalibriges Geschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haltestruktur eine röhrenförmige konische Hülse (13) aus Aluminium umfasst.
  4. Unterkalibriges Geschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haltestruktur einen Fuß (17) umfasst, der die Spitze (7) mit einem mittleren Abschnitt der Vorderfläche (9) des Stabs (3) verbindet, wobei der Fuß (17) einen Durchmesser aufweist, der geringer als ein Viertel des Durchmessers des Stabs (3) ist.
  5. Unterkalibriges Geschoss nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fuß (17) von einer Röhre (19) aus Kunststoff oder Keramik umgeben ist.
EP13157701.7A 2012-03-06 2013-03-04 Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit verbessertem Kopf Active EP2636985B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13157701T PL2636985T3 (pl) 2012-03-06 2013-03-04 Pocisk podkalibrowy z udoskonaloną strukturą głowicy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1200677A FR2987891B1 (fr) 2012-03-06 2012-03-06 Projectile sous calibre a structure de tete amenagee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2636985A1 EP2636985A1 (de) 2013-09-11
EP2636985B1 true EP2636985B1 (de) 2014-10-15

Family

ID=47749742

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13157701.7A Active EP2636985B1 (de) 2012-03-06 2013-03-04 Unterkalibriges Geschoss mit verbessertem Kopf

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8869704B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2636985B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2524128T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2987891B1 (de)
IL (1) IL225056A (de)
PL (1) PL2636985T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9212876B1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-12-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Large caliber frangible projectile
DE102015117018A1 (de) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-06 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator sowie unterkalibriges Geschoss
US11073368B2 (en) * 2017-10-16 2021-07-27 Carl Edward Forsell Ceramic bullet tip to assist bullets in shattering glass
EP3715774A1 (de) * 2019-03-25 2020-09-30 BAE SYSTEMS plc Munition mit verbesserter leistung
WO2020193935A1 (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-10-01 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
DE102019113325A1 (de) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator, Verwendung eines Penetrators und Geschoss

Family Cites Families (25)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1102758A (en) * 1914-03-16 1914-07-07 Washington Steel & Ordnance Company Armor-piercing projectile.
US2401380A (en) * 1941-12-15 1946-06-04 Alfred F Teitscheid Projectile cap
US3033116A (en) * 1958-05-20 1962-05-08 John L Critcher Ammunition
FR2339833A1 (fr) * 1976-01-30 1977-08-26 Thomson Brandt Corps perforant de projectile et munition equipee d'un tel corps
DE2743732A1 (de) * 1977-09-29 1986-07-10 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Wuchtgeschoss
FR2606868B1 (fr) * 1980-09-23 1989-06-23 France Etat Armement Projectile perforant a tete de perforation fragilisee
DE3037560A1 (de) * 1980-10-04 1984-11-29 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Panzerbrechendes geschoss
FR2521717B1 (fr) 1982-02-16 1986-11-21 France Etat Projectile a energie cinetique et procede de lancement de celui-ci
DE3209594A1 (de) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-29 L'Etat Français représenté par le Délégué Général pour l'Armement, 75997 Paris Panzerbrechendes wuchtgeschoss insbesondere zum bekaempfen von mehrplattenzielen
DE3314752A1 (de) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-31 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Spitzenkoerper fuer ein wuchtgeschoss
GB8417898D0 (en) * 1983-10-27 1998-09-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile
DE3476117D1 (en) * 1983-11-23 1989-02-16 Voest Alpine Ag Sub-calibre penetrator and method of making the same
DE3672771D1 (de) * 1985-10-31 1990-08-23 British Aerospace Wuchtgeschoss.
DE3736167A1 (de) * 1987-10-26 1989-05-03 Bongers Hermann Treibkonus-pfeilgeschoss mit fliehkraftbetaetigter treibkonustrennung
US5728968A (en) * 1989-08-24 1998-03-17 Primex Technologies, Inc. Armor penetrating projectile
FR2661739A1 (fr) 1990-05-04 1991-11-08 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif d'etancheite d'un projectile fleche.
DE4022462A1 (de) * 1990-07-14 1992-01-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Luftverbringbares unterwasser-projektil
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US5223667A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-06-29 Bei Electronics, Inc. Plural piece flechettes affording enhanced penetration
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FR2958391B1 (fr) * 2010-03-30 2012-07-27 Nexter Munitions Penetrateur a energie cinetique.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2987891B1 (fr) 2014-09-26
PL2636985T3 (pl) 2015-03-31
US20130340646A1 (en) 2013-12-26
IL225056A (en) 2016-03-31
IL225056A0 (en) 2013-06-27
EP2636985A1 (de) 2013-09-11
FR2987891A1 (fr) 2013-09-13
US8869704B2 (en) 2014-10-28
ES2524128T3 (es) 2014-12-04

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