EP2636799B1 - Drilling tool for making a subterraneous curtain wall and method of making such wall - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a trench cutter according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for creating a slot in the floor according to the preamble of claim 13.

Such a trench wall cutter comprises a trimming frame and at least one cutting wheel mounted rotatably about a rotation axis on the trimming frame, which has on its outer circumference a plurality of soil working tools for removing soil material which are arranged along an annular path around the axis of rotation.

In the known method for creating a slot in the ground by removing soil material at least one cutting wheel rotatably mounted on a cutting wheel is driven in rotation and removed with a plurality of tillage tools, which are arranged on an outer circumference of the cutting wheel, soil material, the tillage tools on a circular path are arranged about the axis of rotation.

A trench cutter of the type mentioned is for example in the DE 10 2007 035 591 B3 described.

The invention has for its object to provide a trench cutter and a method for creating a slot in the ground, which allow a particularly economic Schlitzwanderstellung.

The object is achieved by a trench cutter with the features of claim 1 and by a method for creating a slot in the ground with the features of claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The trench wall cutter according to the invention is characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation.

The method is inventively characterized in that the annular path is asymmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel, wherein the annular path has at least a first peripheral portion at a greater distance from the axis of rotation and at least a second peripheral portion at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation and wherein the trench wall cutter during operation is put into a defined vibration.

Under an asymmetric to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel extending annular path is in the present case in particular a ring path understood, which differs from a circular path whose center is the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel deviates.

A first basic idea of the invention can be seen to produce a defined non-circular run of the cutting wheel by the asymmetrical arrangement of the tillage tools. The non-circular run is achieved in that the ring track, on which the tillage tools are arranged in the circumferential direction, no circular path about the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel as a circle center. The tillage tools are thus arranged deviating from a point-symmetrical to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel circular path. In at least a first portion of the circumference, the tilling tools are further away from the axis of rotation and at least in a second portion closer to the axis of rotation.

Due to the non-circular motion impulse forces act on the tillage tools or the soil to be removed. This causes an improved energy conversion when penetrating the soil tillage tools in the ground. Especially For a hard ground, such as rock or concrete, therefore, an improved soil removal and a higher milling progress can be achieved.

The tillage tools may be, in particular, cutting teeth, chisels, rollers or rollers. The tillage tools are used for loosening or removing soil material for creating a slot in the ground and are arranged for this purpose on an outer periphery of the cutting wheel.

The distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel changes defined, in particular gradually, in the circumferential direction along the annular path. The tilling tools are in particular arranged such that the distance from the axis of rotation along the annular path increases and decreases periodically along a plurality of tillage tools. Preferably, the distance of the tilling tools from the axis of rotation in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel increases successively along a first section via a plurality of tillage tools and then successively along a second section via a plurality of tillage tools again. The tillage tools arranged according to the invention cause a rotation of the cutting wheel about its axis of rotation a periodically changing distance of the axis of rotation to the resulting abzufräsenden soil.

The ring track, on which the soil working tools are arranged around the cutting wheel, can be offset and / or distorted in particular in relation to a circular path which is point-symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel. The tillage tools are arranged on a rotationally asymmetric to Fräsraddrehachse ring track, that is, a rotation of the cutting wheel at an arbitrary angle does not form the ring track on itself, but forms an offset and / or twisted annular path with respect to the original ring path.

The ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged, may also be referred to as a cutting path. By a rotation of the cutting wheel, the position and / or orientation of the cutting path changes with respect to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.

Preferably, in particular by contacting the tillage tools with the soil to be removed, a defined vibration of the trench wall cutter can be generated on the basis of the asymmetrical ring path to the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel.

Another advantage is therefore to put the trench wall cutter in a defined vibration. Due to the weight of the trench wall cutter and / or a generated pressure force, a lower peripheral portion of the cutting wheel is in operation at the bottom of the slot. By changing in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation, the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel at a contacting of the respective underlying tillage tools with the bottom of the slot is periodically moved up and down. This causes a vibration of the cutting frame or the trench wall cutter.

Due to the vibration of the trench wall cutter, the dynamic force on the tillage tools is further increased and a beating soil removal possible. The soil can thus be solved in addition to grinding by knocking, so that a frictional wear on the tillage tools can be reduced and an even more effective soil removal can be realized.

It has been found that an effective soil removal is achieved in that the distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation in a circuit along the annular path between one and five, preferably one to three, more preferably one or two maxima - and corresponding minima - has. The impacts or oscillations per revolution of the cutting wheel correspond to the number of maxima or minima. The number of maxima and minima according to the invention ensures an effective oscillation, in particular with a sufficient amplitude.

One way of providing the asymmetric ring path is that the ring track, along which the tillage tools are arranged, has a deviating from a circular path, in particular elliptical shape. The axis of rotation of the cutting wheel can be located here in the geometric center of the cutting wheel or in the ring center of the annular path.

Another possibility of providing the asymmetric ring path is that the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is offset with respect to a geometric center point of the ring track ring. The axis of rotation is arranged eccentrically in this case with respect to the tillage tools arranged along the annular path.

It is particularly preferred that the ring track is a circular path whose geometric center is arranged eccentrically or offset from the axis of rotation. Such, arranged eccentrically to the circular path of the tillage tools rotary axis can be particularly easy to achieve manufacturing technology by a center eccentric hub is provided.

The eccentricity of, in particular elliptical, annular path or the offset of the axis of rotation with respect to the ring or circle center is preferably between a few millimeters or centimeters and about one or two decimeters. In a further preferred embodiment, the difference between a maximum distance and a minimum distance of the tillage tools from the axis of rotation is about a few millimeters or centimeters and one or two decimeters.

For an adaptation of the trench wall cutter to different ground geologies, it is preferred that the position of the ring track or the axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is adjustable. For example, with harder ground formations, a greater eccentricity of the cutting wheel can be set than with softer soils.

It is particularly preferred that a Fräsradnabe is provided which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation and rotatably driven about this, that the tillage tools are releasably secured in a ring gear and that the ring gear on the Fräsradnabe releasably and / or adjustably attached. The annular ring may, in particular, have a plurality of receptacles for the tilling tools, the receptacles for the tilling tools being arranged along the annular path. In principle, the annular ring can be fixedly arranged on the milling wheel hub, in particular welded. By a detachable arrangement of the ring gear on the Fräsradnabe the ring gear, for example, when wear the tillage tools, are particularly easy to replace. In addition, it is possible to differently designed ring rings alternatively To attach a preassembled Fräsradnabe, for example, to accommodate different floor designs. An annular ring which is adjustably mounted on the cutting wheel hub is understood in particular to mean that the eccentricity of the annular ring can be varied with respect to the cutting wheel hub. This can be ensured, for example, by the provision of oblong holes on the annular ring and / or on the cutting wheel hub for fastening elements, such as screws or bolts. The annular ring may have a circular ring or a shape deviating from the circular shape, for example an elliptical shape.

Alternatively or additionally, an adjusting device, such as adjustable connecting plates, can be arranged between a drive shaft and the cutting wheel, so that the cutting wheel is radially adjustable as an assembly relative to the drive shaft and its axis of rotation.

To further improve the soil removal or amplification of the vibration excitation, a plurality of cutting wheels arranged in pairs are preferably mounted on the milling frame, which can be driven in synchronism with one another. This is to be understood in particular that the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same rotational speeds and preferably in addition identical angles of rotation, so that the cutting wheels cause the same up and down movements of the trench wall cutter, which enhance the vibration of the trench wall cutter. Preferably, the cutting wheels on each other synchronized milling gear.

Depending on the nature of the soil, it may also be advantageous that a plurality of cutting wheels are mounted on the milling frame, which are controlled asynchronously driven to each other. This can be understood on the one hand, that the individual cutting wheels are driven at different rotational speeds. It is also possible and preferred that differently shaped cutting wheels, that is cutting wheels with different ring paths, are used. It is particularly preferred in this context that the individual cutting wheels are driven at the same speeds, but the angles of rotation, based on the orientation of the annular path to the axis of rotation, are offset from one another.

Between the individual cutting wheels can be adjusted in terms of eccentricity a defined phase shift. Thus, for the individual cutting wheels of a coaxial pair of cutting wheels with an elliptical ring track, the respective track maximum the cutting wheels rotated by 90 ° to each other, so be out of phase. This results in a superposition of the vibrations of the two cutting wheels.

A further oscillation superimposition in a trench wall cutter with two pairs of cutting wheels is achieved in that the first and second pair of cutting wheels are of the same design but are arranged and driven at a 45 ° angle offset from one another. This results in a superimposition of four mutually phase-shifted by 45 ° vibrations.

The cutting wheels can be arranged coaxially with each other and / or offset parallel to each other. Basically, both a rectified and a counter-directed drive is possible.

To create a slot wall in the bottom, it is preferred that a feed device for supplying a hardenable medium is arranged on the milling frame. In particular, the feed device can comprise a feed opening, via which the curable medium, for example concrete, can be introduced into the created slot. The introduced into the slot medium hardens after salvage the trench wall cutter to a slot wall element.

In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one cutting wheel of the trench wall cutter has at least one folding tooth as a soil cultivation tool. Such a folding tooth represents a pivotally mounted soil working tool, which pivots when passing the Fräsrahmens, in particular a Frässchildes, on which the cutting wheel is mounted, and swings below the Fräsrahmens to remove soil below the Fräsrahmens. If a plurality of cutting wheels are arranged opposite each other, the folding teeth are preferably offset in the circumferential direction to each other so as not to influence each other.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a milling device with a carrier device, on which a trench wall cutter is arranged substantially vertically adjustable. According to the invention, a trench wall cutter, as described above, is arranged on such a milling device. The carrier device can in particular be a carrier vehicle with an undercarriage and a superstructure mounted rotatably thereon. Preferably, a mast is articulated to the superstructure, on which the trench wall cutter is suspended. For example, the trench wall cutter can be suspended from a rope. For controlling the position of the trench wall cutter in the ground, control devices, for example control flaps and / or control wheels, may be provided. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a fixed guide means, for example a guide bar, on which the trench wall cutter is suspended.

• Fig. 1: eine erfindungsgemäße Schlitzwandfräse mit zwei Fräsrädern;
• Fig. 2: eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades;
• Fig. 3: eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades und
• Fig. 4: eine dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fräsrades.

The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. In the drawings shows:

• Fig. 1 a trench wall cutter according to the invention with two cutting wheels;
• Fig. 2 a first embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention;
• Fig. 3 a second embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention and
• Fig. 4 A third embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention.

Identical or equivalent components are identified in all figures with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1 a trench cutter 10 according to the invention is shown. The trench wall cutter 10 comprises a trimming frame 12, on which several, for example two, four or eight cutting wheels 20 are rotatably mounted. The milling frame 12 preferably comprises one or more milling blades 14, on which the cutting wheels 20 are mounted. At least one cutting wheel 20 is preferably arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12 for removing soil material in order to create a particular vertical slot in the ground.

The cutting wheels 20 are each rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 22 and have on their outer periphery 24 a plurality of tillage tools 30 for removing soil material. The soil working tools 30, for example, cutting teeth, chisels or rollers, are distributed around the cutting wheel 20 in the circumferential direction. The soil working tools 30 may be arranged in the axial direction of the cutting wheel 20 along different tracks or on different planes. Each cutting wheel may have a pivotally mounted soil working tool, in particular a folding tooth 31.

For feeding a curable medium into the created slot, the trench wall cutter 10 comprises a feed device 16 with a feed opening. The feed device 16 may be arranged in a lower region of the milling frame 12.

A first embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. The cutting wheel 20 is a circular cutting wheel, that is, the soil working tools 30 are arranged on a circular path about a center 46 of the cutting wheel 20, which may also be referred to as a ring or circle center. The tillage tools 30 thus extend in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20 on a ring track 32 which is formed as a circular path.

The axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is arranged eccentrically to the geometric center 46 of the cutting wheel 20 and the annular path 32, rotation axis 22 and geometric center 46 are therefore not consistent. By this offset, a defined non-circular run is generated upon rotation of the cutting wheel 20. The tilling tools 30 are located along a first peripheral portion 34 of the cutting wheel 20 closer to the axis of rotation 22 than along a second peripheral portion 36 which is offset in the circumferential direction to the first peripheral portion 34.

Upon rotation of the cutting wheel 20 about its axis of rotation 22, the cutting path of the cutting wheel 20 oscillates periodically. In other words, in a plane through which the rotation axis 22 passes, the passing tillage tools 30 oscillate periodically in the radial direction. By the oscillating movement of the cutting path, a vibration of the trench wall cutter can be generated.

The cutting wheel 20 includes a Fräsradnabe 40 and a thereto, in particular releasably and / or adjustable, attached ring gear 44. The ring gear 44 may be secured by means of screw or bolt connections 42 on the Fräsradnabe 40. By suitable choice of the fastening means, the position of the annular ring 44 with respect to the Fräsradnabe 40 can be adjusted. As a result, the eccentricity of the annular ring 44 can be set variably. For adjusting the annular ring 44 relative to the Fräsradnabe 40, for example, elongated holes can be provided on the Fräsradnabe 40 or the ring gear 44, which allow different positioning of the ring gear 44 relative to the Fräsradnabe. The center 46 represents in particular a geometric center of the ring gear 44. The ring gear 44 may alternatively be firmly connected to the Fräsradnabe 40. The cutting wheel 20 thus formed as a fixed assembly is then radially adjustable by means of an adjusting device between the cutting wheel 20 and a drive shaft which protrudes approximately perpendicularly from the bearing plate 14 of the milling frame 12.

A further embodiment of a cutting wheel according to the invention is in Fig. 3 shown. Unlike the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is the geometric center point 46 of the ring gear 44 and the ring track 32 identical to the axis of rotation 22, that is ring gear 44 and cutting hub 40 are arranged coaxially to each other. To provide the oscillating cutting path or the defined non-circular path of the cutting wheel 20, the soil working tools 30 are arranged on an elliptical path around the center 46. The ring track 32, on which the soil tillage tools 30 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutting wheel 20, is thus designed as an elliptical path. Corresponding to the elliptical ring track 32, there are two first peripheral sections 34 at a greater distance from the rotational axis 22 and two second peripheral sections 36 at a smaller distance from the rotational axis 22 along a circumference of the cutting wheel 20. With this cutting wheel 20 thus two up and down movements and thus a vibration can be generated per revolution. By a phase offset of the other cutting wheels 20 to each other more, overlapping vibrations can be adjusted.

A further embodiment of a cutting wheel 20 according to the invention shows Fig. 4 , This in Fig. 4 illustrated cutting wheel 20 combines features of the cutting wheels 20 of Figures 2 and 3. The cutting wheel 20 has an elliptical ring track 32 of the soil working tools 30 on. In addition, the axis of rotation 22 of the cutting wheel 20 is offset from the geometric center point 46 of the ring track 32 and the ring gear 44. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly effective pulse amplification during soil erosion. Per revolution of the cutting wheel 20 up and down movements when removing the soil can be generated with different amplitudes. Depending on the desired kinematics or vibration of the cutting wheel 20 different orientations of the offset of the center 46 relative to the axis of rotation 22 are possible. For example, the vibration due to the elliptical ring track 32 can be amplified by the offset along the long Axis or half axis of the ellipse is aligned. In particular, in this way the vibration per revolution is once amplified and attenuated once. Alternatively, it is also possible to arrange the offset as a function of the desired cutting curve obliquely or transversely to the long axis of the ellipse, as in Fig. 4 shown.

Due to the oscillating cutting path of the cutting wheel 20 during rotation, a defined oscillation, which corresponds to the oscillating cutting path, can be transmitted to the trench wall cutter 10 or the milling frame 12. The trench wall cutter 10 or the trimming frame 12 thus moves during operation periodically corresponding to the peripheral portions 34, 36 with a larger and smaller distance from the rotation axis 22 up and down. This causes an increase in the momentum forces on the tillage tools 30 and an improvement in soil erosion while reducing frictional wear on the tillage tools 30.

Claims (13)

1. Trench wall cutter for producing a trench in the ground having

   - a cutter frame (12) and

   - at least one cutting wheel (20) which is supported in a rotatable manner about an axis of rotation (22) on the cutter frame (12) and has at its outer circumference (24) a plurality of ground working tools (30) for removing ground material, which are arranged along an annular path (32) around the axis of rotation (22),

   characterized in that
   the annular path (32) runs asymmetrically to the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20), wherein the annular path (32) has at least one first circumferential section (34) with a larger distance from the axis of rotation (22) and at least one second circumferential section (36) with a smaller distance from the axis of rotation (22).
2. Trench wall cutter according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   as a result of the annular path (32) running asymmetrically to the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20) a defined oscillation of the trench wall cutter (10) can be generated.
3. Trench wall cutter according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the distance of the ground working tools (30) from the axis of rotation (22) ranges between one and five maxima in one revolution along the annular path (32).
4. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   the annular path (32), along which the ground working tools (30) are arranged, has a shape deviating from a circular path, in particular having an elliptical shape.
5. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20) is offset with respect to a geometrical ring center (46) of the annular path (32).
6. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5,
   characterized in that
   the annular path (32) is a circular path, the center (46) of which is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation (22).
7. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the position of the annular path (32) is adjustable with respect to the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20).
8. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   a cutting wheel hub (40) is provided which is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation (22) and driven in a rotatable manner about the latter,
   in that the ground working tools (30) are releasably fixed in an annular rim (44), and
   in that the annular rim (44) is releasably and/or adjustably fixed on the cutting wheel hub (40).
9. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   several cutting wheels (20) are supported on the cutter frame (12), which can be driven synchronously to each other in a controlled manner.
10. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    several cutting wheels (20) are supported on the cutter frame (12) which can be driven asynchronously to each other in a controlled manner.
11. Trench wall cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    a supply means (16) for supplying a hardening medium is arranged on the cutter frame (12).
12. Cutting device having
    a carrier implement, on which a trench wall cutter (10) is arranged substantially in a vertically adjustable manner,
    characterized in that
    a trench wall cutter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is arranged.
13. Method for producing a trench in the ground through removal of ground material, in particular by means of a trench wall cutter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which

    - at least one cutting wheel (20), which is supported in a rotatable manner on a cutter frame (12), is driven in a rotating manner and

    - with a plurality of ground working tools (30), which are arranged at an outer circumference (24) of the cutting wheel (20), ground material is removed, wherein the ground working tools (30) are arranged on an annular path (32) around the axis of rotation (22),

    characterized in that
    the annular path (32) runs asymmetrically to the axis of rotation (22) of the cutting wheel (20), wherein the annular path (32) has at least one first circumferential section (34) with a larger distance from the axis of rotation (22) and at least one second circumferential section (36) with a smaller distance from the axis of rotation (22), and wherein during operation the trench wall cutter (10) is set into a defined oscillation.

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