EP2618062A2 - Small fireplace - Google Patents

Small fireplace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2618062A2
EP2618062A2 EP13000298.3A EP13000298A EP2618062A2 EP 2618062 A2 EP2618062 A2 EP 2618062A2 EP 13000298 A EP13000298 A EP 13000298A EP 2618062 A2 EP2618062 A2 EP 2618062A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projections
recesses
blocks
width
building block
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP13000298.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2618062A3 (en
EP2618062B1 (en
Inventor
Alois Wegscheider
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/026—Supply of primary and secondary air for combustion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/04—Closed stoves built-up from glazed tiles 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/34—Elements and arrangements for heat storage or insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0219—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of pyramidal shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small fire place with an outer shell, a combustion chamber surrounded by refractory combustion chamber, a combustion air supply via inlet openings in the side walls of the furnace and a flue gas discharge and building blocks with which such a small fire place can be made.
  • small hearth is understood in particular tiled stoves, stoves, fireplaces and other heat-generating systems od od renewable fuel in the form of logs. Like. Burn.
  • a Klein85 Too this type is known for example from DE-Gbm 87 05 532.
  • the firebox is partially bounded by special building blocks which have open and closed ducts for the side inlet of the combustion air supplied from below.
  • the generation of heat with the renewable energy source wood is in the area of tension between the demands on a sustainable and climate-friendly energy supply on the one hand and the potentially harmful particulate matter emission on the other.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to construct a small fire place that meets the upcoming requirements.
  • the main problem to be solved is the hitherto inadequate ventilation of the combustion chamber, which is a significant reason for inadequate combustion and resulting high levels of particulate matter development forms.
  • soot and polycyclic aromatic compounds are formed by incomplete combustion in the small hearth.
  • a well-ventilated combustion process would have the advantage that hardly any toxic carbon monoxide is produced during combustion and that hardly any soot and tar deposits form in the chimney, which can lead to a chimney fire.
  • the above object is achieved in that the inlet openings for the combustion air are formed by horizontal slots between the blocks of the side walls of the furnace.
  • combustion air inlet openings are not bound to the size of holes or channels in the building block, but can be kept in size by providing appropriate spacing between the building blocks and the outer shell, which is also required for excess combustion air supply.
  • the fuel can be supplied evenly from all sides with combustion air, and thus the emissions can be reduced to a minimum.
  • a first preferred embodiment provides that the building blocks are provided with projections as slot-forming spacers for the outer shell and for the component lying above or below.
  • the blocks are also arranged in the space required for the formation of sufficient Verbrennungs Kunststoffzu Kunststoffha classroomkanäle distance to the outer shell.
  • the outer shell can also be an already existing furnace, in the firebox of the building blocks are used. Above all, in this case, the distance to the outside securing projections are particularly advantageous.
  • An inventive building block which is suitable for building a combustion chamber in a small fire place of the type mentioned, is cuboid with a side surface and two end faces and has spaced-apart projections on two adjacent side surfaces.
  • Two different wall thicknesses of the side walls of the combustion chamber can be achieved if the module has a rectangular cross-section, wherein they can be provided in a first arrangement upright and lying in a second arrangement lying on top of each other.
  • the protrusions are preferably provided on each side surface at intervals corresponding respectively to the single or double width of the side surface. This arrangement of the projections ensures that the blocks can be superimposed offset over the corner.
  • recesses are provided in the two other side surfaces, that is, in the third and fourth side surface of the module, so that the components can be overlapped one inside the other.
  • the recesses are formed at two different depths, the depth of the deeper recesses being equal to or greater than the height of the protrusions, and the depth of the shallower recesses being less than the height of the protrusions.
  • the blocks can be set by horizontal displacement either without slots or with slots on top of each other.
  • the blocks are arranged so that the projections engage in the deeper recesses, so that the side surfaces of the blocks lie directly on top of each other. In the other layers, the blocks are arranged offset by half the length, whereby the projections engage only in the shallower depressions, so that the slots arise.
  • a small fire place in particular a tiled stove, stove od.
  • Has an outer shell 1 of any kind which is created for example from stove tiles to build the combustion chamber 2 or which may also be part of an existing small fire place, with a new combustion chamber is provided.
  • a base plate or a bottom element 4 limits the firebox 2 downwards.
  • side walls 3 are provided at least on three sides, which are created from building blocks 5 according to the invention.
  • the blocks 5 are drawn schematically, so that their details according to Fig. 2 to 5 in Fig. 1 are not apparent.
  • the arrangement of the blocks 5 is such that lower layers, for example two or three, are airtightly arranged on the bottom element 4 and on top of each other, and enclose an ash space.
  • the blocks 5 are laid at a distance from each other, so that the bearing joints are not tight, but form slots 6, flows through the combustion air into the combustion chamber 2.
  • the combustion air supply 7 is formed on the underside of the Klein85ooth in a known manner, and therefore shown only schematically.
  • the air follows the arrows A on all sides to the edge of the bottom element 4 and then rises through vertical channels 8 on the outside of the combustion chamber 2 upwards. From the vertical channels 8, the combustion air then passes through all the slots 6 in the combustion chamber 2, so that in any case by the generous dimensioning of the cross section of the channels 8 and the slots 6 combustion air surplus in the combustion chamber 2 can be achieved, the complete, low-emission combustion causes the fuel.
  • the sufficient cross sections can be achieved for example by spacers, which are provided or inserted at selected locations.
  • FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of a building block 5 for the production of the side walls 3 of the furnace 2 after Fig. 1 show the Fig. 2 to 6 in detail.
  • the module 5 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, for example, with side lengths of 5 and 8 cm, so that - as the illustrations Fig. 7 to 10 show a thicker side walls 3 for larger combustion chambers and higher heat outputs, and can be achieved by a high-edge processing thinner side walls 3 for smaller fire chambers and lower heating capacities.
  • the blocks 5 are provided on two adjoining side surfaces 11, 12 with projections 9 and in the two other side surfaces 13, 14 with recesses 15, 16, 17.
  • the projections 9 are formed substantially truncated pyramidal with a rectangular base and extend with the shorter side in the longitudinal direction of the block 5, as seen from Fig.
  • the recesses 15, 16, 17 are formed in the side surfaces 13 and 14 in two different depths and orientations.
  • a respective shallower recess 15 is formed by a longitudinal groove in the side surfaces 13, 14, the width of the length of the projections 9 and the depth of which is smaller than the height of the projections 9.
  • the deeper recesses 16, 17 are at least as deep as the projections 9 including the tops 10 up and provided in two rows, wherein in a first row are substantially truncated pyramidal recesses 16 provided with a rectangular base corresponding to the truncated pyramidal projections 9 on the opposite side surface, which thus extend in the longitudinal groove 15 with the longer side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the block 5 and to each other by twice the width x, y of the side surface 11, 13; 12, 14 are spaced from each other.
  • building blocks 5 are placed one above the other, then on the one hand the dense arrangement is possible, as is required, for example, for the formation of the ash space, since - as best of all Fig. 11 it can be seen - the projections 9 completely engage in the deeper recesses 16.
  • superimposed building blocks 5 by twice the width x, y of the side surfaces 11, 13; 12, 14 displaceable in length.
  • the second row belonging depressions 17 are also formed opposite to the projections 16, but rotated by 90 °, so that their longer sides of the rectangle in the longitudinal direction of the block 5 are. Due to the rectangular truncated pyramid shape they are narrower than the projections 9 and can therefore be provided at intervals in the side surfaces 13 and 14, which correspond to the width x, y of the side surface, since the projections 9 project beyond the recesses 17 on both sides. Thus, the blocks 5, offset by their width, are superposed so that the slots 6 between the blocks 5 for supplying the Combustion air remain free, since the projections 9 rest outside the deeper recesses 17 each in the shallower recess 15.
  • the deeper recesses 17 could also be performed by a continuous longitudinal groove within the shallower longitudinal groove.
  • the spaced arrangement of individual longitudinal deeper recesses 17 is advantageous because the outermost projection 9 of the overarching block 5 in the corner in the outermost recess deeper 17 of the vertically extending block 5 of the other side wall. 3 positively engages.
  • the blocks 5 of the side walls 3 are laid so that the arranged on the vertical side surface 11, 12 protrusions 9 including the tops 10 each project outwardly, so that the height of these projections 9, the distance of the side walls 3 to the outer shell 1 and thus this dimension the vertical channels 8 is determined.
  • the height of the projections 9 therefore depends on the amount of combustion air to be introduced through the slots 6 in the combustion chamber 2, and is in particular between 2 and 2.5 cm.
  • the depth of the deeper recesses 16, 17 is then preferably up to 2.6 cm, while the depth of the shallower recesses 15, that is, the longitudinal groove which determines the width of the slots 6, preferably at 1 cm.
  • the blocks may have predetermined separation marks in order to be able to break off at the corners resulting supernatants corresponding to the wall thickness or a multiple of the wall thickness in a simple manner.

Abstract

The fire place has a sheath (1) and fireproof building blocks (5) that are surrounded by combustion chamber (2). A combustion air supply (7) is passed through inlet opening formed in side wall (3) of combustion chamber to exhaust flue gas. The inlet openings for combustion air are formed on horizontal slots (6) provided between building blocks of the side walls of combustion chamber.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kleinfeuerstätte mit einer Außenhülle, einem von feuerfesten Bausteinen umgebenen Feuerraum, einer Verbrennungsluftzufuhr über Eintrittsöffnungen in den Seitenwänden des Feuerraums und einer Rauchgasabführung sowie Bausteine, mit denen eine derartige Kleinfeuerstätte hergestellt werden kann. Unter dem Begriff "Kleinfeuerstätte" werden dabei vor allem Kachelöfen, Kaminöfen, Heizkamine und andere Wärme erzeugende Anlagen verstanden, die nachwachsendes Brennmaterial in Form von Holzscheiten od. dgl. verbrennen.The invention relates to a small fire place with an outer shell, a combustion chamber surrounded by refractory combustion chamber, a combustion air supply via inlet openings in the side walls of the furnace and a flue gas discharge and building blocks with which such a small fire place can be made. The term "small hearth" is understood in particular tiled stoves, stoves, fireplaces and other heat-generating systems od od renewable fuel in the form of logs. Like. Burn.

Eine Kleinfeuerstätte dieser Art ist beispielsweise aus dem DE-Gbm 87 05 532 bekannt. Der Feuerraum ist teilweise von speziellen Bausteinen begrenzt, die offene und geschlossene Kanäle für den seitlichen Einlass der Verbrennungsluft aufweisen, die von unten zugeführt wird.A Kleinfeuerstätte this type is known for example from DE-Gbm 87 05 532. The firebox is partially bounded by special building blocks which have open and closed ducts for the side inlet of the combustion air supplied from below.

Die Wärmeerzeugung mit dem nachwachsenden Energieträger Holz steht im Spannungsfeld zwischen den Forderungen an eine nachhaltige und Klima schonende Energieversorgung auf der einen Seite und der potenziell gesundheitsschädlichen Feinstaubemission auf der anderen Seite.The generation of heat with the renewable energy source wood is in the area of tension between the demands on a sustainable and climate-friendly energy supply on the one hand and the potentially harmful particulate matter emission on the other.

Die meisten händisch beschickten Scheitholzanlagen erfüllen zur Zeit geltende Emissionsvorschriften. Eine deutliche Verschärfung der Emissionsgrenzwerte (35 Milligramm/MJ Feinstaub) und der Wirkungsgradanforderungen für das Implementieren neuer Kleinfeuerungsanlagen wie Kachelöfen, Heizkamine, Kaminöfen ist in naher Zukunft zu erwarten.Most hand-fed firewood plants currently comply with applicable emission regulations. A significant tightening of the emission limit values (35 milligrams / MJ particulate matter) and the efficiency requirements for the implementation of new small combustion plants such as tiled stoves, fireplaces, stoves is expected in the near future.

Die zur Zeit gebauten Kleinfeuerungsanlagen sind nicht in der Lage, die kommenden gesetzlichen Richtlinien einzuhalten.The currently built small combustion plants are not able to comply with the upcoming legal guidelines.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Kleinfeuerstätte zu konstruieren, die die kommenden Vorgaben erreicht. Das zu lösende Hauptproblem ist die bisher unzureichende Belüftung des Feuerraumes, die einen wesentlichen Grund für unzureichende Verbrennung und für daraus resultierende hohe Feinstaubentwicklungen bildet. Insbesondere Ruß und polyzyklische aromatische Verbindungen entstehen durch unvollständige Verbrennung in der Kleinfeuerstätte. Neben der starken Reduktion der Feinstäube hätte ein gut belüfteter Verbrennungsprozess die Vorteile, dass bei der Verbrennung kaum giftiges Kohlenmonoxid entsteht und dass sich im Schornstein kaum Ruß- und Teerablagerungen bilden, die zu einem Schornsteinbrand führen können.The object of the invention is therefore to construct a small fire place that meets the upcoming requirements. The main problem to be solved is the hitherto inadequate ventilation of the combustion chamber, which is a significant reason for inadequate combustion and resulting high levels of particulate matter development forms. In particular soot and polycyclic aromatic compounds are formed by incomplete combustion in the small hearth. In addition to the strong reduction of fine dust, a well-ventilated combustion process would have the advantage that hardly any toxic carbon monoxide is produced during combustion and that hardly any soot and tar deposits form in the chimney, which can lead to a chimney fire.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die obenstehende Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Eintrittsöffnungen für die Verbrennungsluft durch horizontale Schlitze zwischen den Bausteinen der Seitenwände des Feuerraums gebildet sind.According to the invention the above object is achieved in that the inlet openings for the combustion air are formed by horizontal slots between the blocks of the side walls of the furnace.

Auf diese Weise sind die Eintrittsöffnungen für die Verbrennungsluft nicht an die Größe von Löchern oder Kanälen in den Baustein gebunden, sondern können durch Schaffung von entsprechenden Abständen zwischen den Bausteinen und zur Außenhülle in der auch für eine überschüssige Verbrennungsluftzufuhr benötigten Größe gehalten werden.In this way, the combustion air inlet openings are not bound to the size of holes or channels in the building block, but can be kept in size by providing appropriate spacing between the building blocks and the outer shell, which is also required for excess combustion air supply.

Durch die Ausbildung der horizontalen Schlitze, die zumindest über drei Seiten des Feuerraumes insbesondere nur durch Abstandhalter unterbrochen durchgehend sind, kann der Brennstoff gleichmäßig von allen Seiten mit Verbrennungsluft versorgt werden, und damit können die Emissionen auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Die zwischen Außenhülle und Feuerraum zugeführte Verbrennungsluft und tritt durch die Schlitze zwischen den Bausteinen in den Feuerraum ein. Damit wird eine erhebliche Verringerung der Emissionen (Feinstäube, OGC, CO, NOx,...) bis zu 70 % erreicht und die künftigen gesetzlichen Normen werden erfüllt.By forming the horizontal slots, which are interrupted at least over three sides of the combustion chamber, in particular only by spacers interrupted, the fuel can be supplied evenly from all sides with combustion air, and thus the emissions can be reduced to a minimum. The supplied between the outer shell and the combustion chamber combustion air and enters through the slots between the blocks in the firebox. This achieves a significant reduction of emissions (fine dust, OGC, CO, NOx, ...) of up to 70% and meets future legal standards.

Weitere technische Anforderungen, die durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung erfüllt werden sind:

  • ● Gute Wärmeleiteigenschaften durch eine möglichst dickwandige Ausführung des Bausteins. Damit wird vor allem eine wesentliche Qualität eines Kachelofens erfüllt, der die Wärme aufnimmt und in Folge zeitverzögert über Stunden wieder an die Umgebung abgibt.
  • ● Einbau in bestehende Heizanlagen (Kachelöfen), die die Außenhülle bilden, wodurch auch diese Anlagen die künftigen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen
  • ● erfüllen, ohne die bestehende Anlage abzureißen oder einen neuen Ofen zu errichten.
  • ● Optisch ansprechende Formgebung des Bausteins, da er häufig durch eine Glasheiztüre ständig sichtbar ist.
Further technical requirements which are fulfilled by the solution according to the invention are:
  • ● Good heat conduction properties due to the thickest possible design of the component. This is above all an essential quality of a tiled stove is met, which absorbs the heat and releases in a time-delayed over hours back to the environment.
  • ● Installation in existing heating systems (tiled stoves) that form the outer shell, as a result of which these systems will also meet the future legal requirements
  • ● without demolishing the existing plant or building a new furnace.
  • ● Optically attractive design of the module, as it is often constantly visible through a glass heating door.

Um in den Seitenwänden des Feuerraums im Wesentlichen durchgehende Lufteintrittsöffnungen zu schaffen, sieht eine erste bevorzugte Ausführung vor, dass die Bausteine mit Vorsprüngen als schlitzbildende Abstandhalter zur Außenhülle und zum darüber oder darunter liegenden Baustein versehen sind. Dadurch sind die Bausteine auch in dem für die Ausbildung ausreichend großer Verbrennungsluftzuführkanäle erforderlichen Abstand zur Außenhülle angeordnet. Wie bereits oben erwähnt, kann die Außenhülle auch ein bereits vorhandener Ofen sein, in dessen Feuerraum die Bausteine eingesetzt werden. Vor allem hierbei sind die den Abstand nach außen sichernden Vorsprünge besonders vorteilhaft.In order to provide substantially continuous air intake openings in the side walls of the combustion chamber, a first preferred embodiment provides that the building blocks are provided with projections as slot-forming spacers for the outer shell and for the component lying above or below. As a result, the blocks are also arranged in the space required for the formation of sufficient Verbrennungsluftzuführkanäle distance to the outer shell. As already mentioned above, the outer shell can also be an already existing furnace, in the firebox of the building blocks are used. Above all, in this case, the distance to the outside securing projections are particularly advantageous.

Ein erfindungsgemäßer Baustein, der zum Aufbau eines Feuerraums in einer Kleinfeuerstätte der eingangs genannten Art geeignet ist, ist quaderförmig mit einer Seitenfläche und zwei Stirnflächen und weist voneinander beabstandete Vorsprünge an zwei aneinander grenzenden Seitenflächen auf.An inventive building block, which is suitable for building a combustion chamber in a small fire place of the type mentioned, is cuboid with a side surface and two end faces and has spaced-apart projections on two adjacent side surfaces.

Zwei unterschiedliche Wandstärken der Seitenwände des Feuerraums lassen sich erzielen, wenn der Baustein einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei sie in einer ersten Anordnung hochkant und in einer zweiten Anordnung liegend übereinander vorgesehen werden können.Two different wall thicknesses of the side walls of the combustion chamber can be achieved if the module has a rectangular cross-section, wherein they can be provided in a first arrangement upright and lying in a second arrangement lying on top of each other.

Die Vorsprünge sind bevorzugt an jeder Seitenfläche in Abständen vorgesehen, die jeweils der einfachen oder doppelten Breite der Seitenfläche entsprechen. Diese Anordnung der Vorsprünge stellt sicher, dass die Bausteine auch über Eck versetzt übereinander gelegt werden können.The protrusions are preferably provided on each side surface at intervals corresponding respectively to the single or double width of the side surface. This arrangement of the projections ensures that the blocks can be superimposed offset over the corner.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung kann weiters vorgesehen sein, dass in den beiden anderen Seitenflächen, also in der dritten und vierten Seitenfläche des Bausteins, Vertiefungen vorgesehen sind, sodass die Bausteine ineinander greifend übereinander gelegt werden können.In a preferred embodiment it can further be provided that recesses are provided in the two other side surfaces, that is, in the third and fourth side surface of the module, so that the components can be overlapped one inside the other.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung sind die Vertiefungen in zwei verschiedenen Tiefen ausgebildet, wobei die Tiefe der tieferen Vertiefungen gleich oder größer als die Höhe der Vorsprünge ist, und die Tiefe der flacheren Vertiefungen geringer als die Höhe der Vorsprünge ist. Durch die Vertiefungen mit zwei verschiedenen Tiefen, von denen die flacheren Vertiefungen bevorzugt jeweils durch eine durchgehende Längsnut gebildet sind, können die Bausteine durch horizontale Verschiebung entweder ohne Schlitze oder mit Schlitzen übereinander gesetzt werden. So ist es beispielsweise von Vorteil, die untersten zwei oder drei Lagen von Bausteinen ohne Zwischenraum zu verlegen, sodass ein umfangsgeschlossener Sammelraum für Asche erzielt wird. Die Bausteine werden dabei so angeordnet, dass die Vorsprünge in die tieferen Vertiefungen eingreifen, sodass die Seitenflächen der Bausteine direkt aufeinander liegen. In den weiteren Lagen werden die Bausteine um die halbe Länge versetzt angeordnet, wodurch die Vorsprünge nur in die flacheren Vertiefungen eingreifen, sodass die Schlitze entstehen.In another preferred embodiment, the recesses are formed at two different depths, the depth of the deeper recesses being equal to or greater than the height of the protrusions, and the depth of the shallower recesses being less than the height of the protrusions. By the recesses with two different depths, of which the shallower recesses are preferably each formed by a continuous longitudinal groove, the blocks can be set by horizontal displacement either without slots or with slots on top of each other. Thus, for example, it is advantageous to lay the lowest two or three layers of building blocks without gap, so that a circumferentially closed collection space for ashes is achieved. The blocks are arranged so that the projections engage in the deeper recesses, so that the side surfaces of the blocks lie directly on top of each other. In the other layers, the blocks are arranged offset by half the length, whereby the projections engage only in the shallower depressions, so that the slots arise.

Nachstehend wird nun die Erfindung anhand der Figuren der beiliegenden Zeichnung näher beschrieben, ohne darauf beschränkt zu sein.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing, without being limited thereto.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Ausschnitt aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Kleinfeuerstätte,
Fig. 2 bis 5
vier Seitenansichten eines Bausteins für den Aufbau der Seitenwände des Feuerraumes von Fig. 1,
Fig. 6
eine Endansicht des Bausteins,
Fig. 7 und 8
Teilansichten eines Eckverbundes zweier Seitenwände, in dem die Bausteine liegend verlegt sind,
Fig. 9 und 10
Teilansichten eines Eckverbundes zweier Seitenwände, in dem die Bausteine hochkant verlegt sind, und
Fig. 11
eine schematische Ansicht eines Teilbereiches einer Seitenwand von außen.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a section of a Kleinfeuerstätte invention,
Fig. 2 to 5
four side views of a building block for the construction of the side walls of the furnace of Fig. 1 .
Fig. 6
an end view of the building block,
FIGS. 7 and 8
Partial views of a corner joint of two side walls, in which the blocks are laid lying,
FIGS. 9 and 10
Partial views of a corner joint of two side walls, in which the blocks are laid edgewise, and
Fig. 11
a schematic view of a portion of a side wall from the outside.

Eine Kleinfeuerstätte, insbesondere ein Kachelofen, Kaminofen od. dgl., weist eine Außenhülle 1 beliebiger Art auf, die beispielsweise aus Ofenkacheln nach Aufbau des Feuerraumes 2 erstellt wird bzw. die auch Teil einer bereits bestehenden Kleinfeuerstätte sein kann, die mit einem neuen Feuerraum 2 versehen wird.A small fire place, in particular a tiled stove, stove od. Like., Has an outer shell 1 of any kind, which is created for example from stove tiles to build the combustion chamber 2 or which may also be part of an existing small fire place, with a new combustion chamber is provided.

Eine Grundplatte bzw. ein Bodenelement 4 begrenzt den Feuerraum 2 nach unten. Auf dem Bodenelement 4 sind zumindest an drei Seiten Seitenwände 3 vorgesehen, die aus erfindungsgemäßen Bausteinen 5 erstellt sind. Die Bausteine 5 sind schematisch gezeichnet, sodass deren Details gemäß Fig. 2 bis 5 in Fig. 1 nicht ersichtlich sind. Die Anordnung der Bausteine 5 ist so, dass untere Lagen, beispielsweise zwei oder drei luftdicht auf dem Bodenelement 4 und aufeinander angeordnet sind, und einen Aschenraum umschließen.A base plate or a bottom element 4 limits the firebox 2 downwards. On the bottom element 4 side walls 3 are provided at least on three sides, which are created from building blocks 5 according to the invention. The blocks 5 are drawn schematically, so that their details according to Fig. 2 to 5 in Fig. 1 are not apparent. The arrangement of the blocks 5 is such that lower layers, for example two or three, are airtightly arranged on the bottom element 4 and on top of each other, and enclose an ash space.

In den folgenden, höheren Lagen sind die Bausteine 5 mit Abstand zueinander verlegt, sodass die Lagerfugen nicht dicht sind, sondern Schlitze 6 bilden, durch die Verbrennungsluft in den Feuerraum 2 einströmt. Die Verbrennungsluftzufuhr 7 ist an der Unterseite der Kleinfeuerstätte in bekannter Art ausgebildet, und daher nur schematisch gezeigt. Die Luft folgt den Pfeilen A allseitig bis zum Rand des Bodenelementes 4 und steigt dann durch vertikale Kanäle 8 an der Außenseite des Feuerraumes 2 nach oben. Aus den vertikalen Kanälen 8 tritt die Verbrennungsluft dann durch alle Schlitze 6 in den Feuerraum 2, sodass in jedem Fall durch die großzügige Dimensionierung der Querschnitt der Kanäle 8 und der Schlitze 6 ein Verbrennungsluftüberschuss im Feuerraum 2 erzielt werden kann, der eine vollständige, emissionsarme Verbrennung des Brennmaterials bewirkt. Die ausreichenden Querschnitte können beispielsweise durch Abstandhalter erzielt werden, die an ausgewählten Stellen vorgesehen bzw. eingefügt werden.In the following, higher positions, the blocks 5 are laid at a distance from each other, so that the bearing joints are not tight, but form slots 6, flows through the combustion air into the combustion chamber 2. The combustion air supply 7 is formed on the underside of the Kleinfeuerstätte in a known manner, and therefore shown only schematically. The air follows the arrows A on all sides to the edge of the bottom element 4 and then rises through vertical channels 8 on the outside of the combustion chamber 2 upwards. From the vertical channels 8, the combustion air then passes through all the slots 6 in the combustion chamber 2, so that in any case by the generous dimensioning of the cross section of the channels 8 and the slots 6 combustion air surplus in the combustion chamber 2 can be achieved, the complete, low-emission combustion causes the fuel. The sufficient cross sections can be achieved for example by spacers, which are provided or inserted at selected locations.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführung eines Bausteines 5 für die Herstellung der Seitenwände 3 des Feuerraums 2 nach Fig. 1 zeigen die Fig. 2 bis 6 im Detail. Der Baustein 5 weist einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf, beispielsweise mit Seitenlängen von 5 und 8 cm, sodass - wie die Darstellungen nach Fig. 7 bis 10 zeigen - durch eine liegende Verarbeitung dickere Seitenwände 3 für größere Feuerräume und höhere Heizleistungen, und durch eine hochkante Verarbeitung dünnere Seitenwände 3 für kleinere Feuerräume und niederere Heizleistungen erreicht werden können. Die Bausteine 5 sind an zwei aneinander grenzenden Seitenflächen 11, 12 mit Vorsprüngen 9 und in den beiden anderen Seitenflächen 13, 14 mit Vertiefungen 15, 16, 17 versehen. Die Vorsprünge 9 sind im Wesentlichen pyramidenstumpfförmig mit rechteckiger Grundfläche ausgebildet und erstrecken sich mit der kürzeren Seite in Längsrichtung des Bausteines 5, wie aus Fig. 2 und 5 ersichtlich ist, wobei der Abstand zwischen je zwei Vorsprüngen 9 an jeder Seitenfläche 11, 12 jeweils der doppelten Breite x, y der Seitenfläche entspricht. Ein knopfförmiger Oberteil 10 auf dem Vorsprung 9 dient insbesondere zur Ausbildung eines ausreichenden Abstandes zur Außenhülle 1, durch den die entsprechende Dimension des vertikalen Kanales 8 sichergestellt wird.A preferred embodiment of a building block 5 for the production of the side walls 3 of the furnace 2 after Fig. 1 show the Fig. 2 to 6 in detail. The module 5 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, for example, with side lengths of 5 and 8 cm, so that - as the illustrations Fig. 7 to 10 show a thicker side walls 3 for larger combustion chambers and higher heat outputs, and can be achieved by a high-edge processing thinner side walls 3 for smaller fire chambers and lower heating capacities. The blocks 5 are provided on two adjoining side surfaces 11, 12 with projections 9 and in the two other side surfaces 13, 14 with recesses 15, 16, 17. The projections 9 are formed substantially truncated pyramidal with a rectangular base and extend with the shorter side in the longitudinal direction of the block 5, as seen from Fig. 2 and 5 is apparent, wherein the distance between each two projections 9 on each side surface 11, 12 each of the double Width x, y corresponds to the side surface. A button-shaped upper part 10 on the projection 9 is used in particular for forming a sufficient distance to the outer shell 1, by which the corresponding dimension of the vertical channel 8 is ensured.

Die Vertiefungen 15, 16, 17 sind in den Seitenflächen 13 und 14 in zwei unterschiedlichen Tiefen und Ausrichtungen ausgebildet. Eine jeweils flachere Vertiefung 15 ist durch eine Längsnut in den Seitenflächen 13, 14 gebildet, deren Breite der Länge der Vorsprünge 9 und deren Tiefe kleiner als die Höhe der Vorsprünge 9 ist.The recesses 15, 16, 17 are formed in the side surfaces 13 and 14 in two different depths and orientations. A respective shallower recess 15 is formed by a longitudinal groove in the side surfaces 13, 14, the width of the length of the projections 9 and the depth of which is smaller than the height of the projections 9.

Die tieferen Vertiefungen 16, 17 sind zumindest so tief wie die Vorsprünge 9 einschließlich der Oberteile 10 hoch und in zwei Reihen vorgesehen, wobei in einer ersten Reihe im Wesentlichen pyramidenstumpfförmige Vertiefungen 16 mit rechteckiger Grundfläche entsprechend den pyramidenstumpfförmigen Vorsprüngen 9 an der gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche vorgesehen sind, die sich somit in der Längsnut 15 mit der längeren Seite senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Bausteins 5 erstrecken und zueinander um die doppelte Breite x, y der Seitenfläche 11, 13; 12, 14 voneinander beabstandet sind.The deeper recesses 16, 17 are at least as deep as the projections 9 including the tops 10 up and provided in two rows, wherein in a first row are substantially truncated pyramidal recesses 16 provided with a rectangular base corresponding to the truncated pyramidal projections 9 on the opposite side surface, which thus extend in the longitudinal groove 15 with the longer side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the block 5 and to each other by twice the width x, y of the side surface 11, 13; 12, 14 are spaced from each other.

Werden Bausteine 5 übereinander gelegt, so ist einerseits die dichte Anordnung möglich, wie sie beispielsweise für die Ausbildung des Aschenraumes benötigt wird, da - wie am besten aus Fig. 11 ersichtlich ist - die Vorsprünge 9 in die tieferen Vertiefungen 16 vollständig eingreifen. Dabei sind übereinander liegende Bausteine 5 um die doppelte Breite x, y der Seitenflächen 11, 13; 12, 14 in der Länge versetzbar.If building blocks 5 are placed one above the other, then on the one hand the dense arrangement is possible, as is required, for example, for the formation of the ash space, since - as best of all Fig. 11 it can be seen - the projections 9 completely engage in the deeper recesses 16. In this case, superimposed building blocks 5 by twice the width x, y of the side surfaces 11, 13; 12, 14 displaceable in length.

Der zweiten Reihe angehörende Vertiefungen 17 sind ebenfalls gegengleich den Vorsprüngen 16 ausgebildet, aber um 90° verdreht, sodass ihre längeren Rechteckseiten in Längsrichtung des Bausteines 5 liegen. Aufgrund der rechteckigen Pyramidenstumpfform sind sie schmäler als die Vorsprünge 9 und können daher in Abständen in den Seitenflächen 13 und 14 vorgesehen werden, die der Breite x, y der Seitenfläche entsprechen, da die Vorsprünge 9 die Vertiefungen 17 beidseitig überragen. Somit können die Bausteine 5, um ihre Breite versetzt, so übereinander gelegt werden, dass die Schlitze 6 zwischen den Bausteinen 5 zur Zufuhr der Verbrennungsluft frei bleiben, da die Vorsprünge 9 außerhalb der tieferen Vertiefungen 17 jeweils in der flacheren Vertiefung 15 anliegen.The second row belonging depressions 17 are also formed opposite to the projections 16, but rotated by 90 °, so that their longer sides of the rectangle in the longitudinal direction of the block 5 are. Due to the rectangular truncated pyramid shape they are narrower than the projections 9 and can therefore be provided at intervals in the side surfaces 13 and 14, which correspond to the width x, y of the side surface, since the projections 9 project beyond the recesses 17 on both sides. Thus, the blocks 5, offset by their width, are superposed so that the slots 6 between the blocks 5 for supplying the Combustion air remain free, since the projections 9 rest outside the deeper recesses 17 each in the shallower recess 15.

Durch die Ineinanderlegung der tieferen Vertiefungen 16, 17 der beiden Reihen ergeben sich abwechselnd schmälere längsgerichtete Vertiefungen 17 und kreuzförmige Vertiefungen, die aus je einer Vertiefung 16 und einer Vertiefung 17 gebildet sind.By nesting the deeper recesses 16, 17 of the two rows alternately narrower longitudinal depressions 17 and cross-shaped depressions, which are each formed from a recess 16 and a recess 17.

Die tieferen Vertiefungen 17 könnten auch durch eine durchgehende Längsnut innerhalb der flacheren Längsnut ausgeführt werden. Für den stabilen Eckverband der geschlossenen, dichten Überlagerung ist aber die beabstandete Anordnung einzelner längsgerichteter tieferer Vertiefungen 17 von Vorteil, da der äußerste Vorsprung 9 des übergreifenden Bausteins 5 im Eckbereich in die äußerste tiefere Vertiefung 17 des sich senkrecht dazu erstreckenden Bausteins 5 der anderen Seitenwand 3 formschlüssig eingreift.The deeper recesses 17 could also be performed by a continuous longitudinal groove within the shallower longitudinal groove. For the stable corner of the closed, dense overlay but the spaced arrangement of individual longitudinal deeper recesses 17 is advantageous because the outermost projection 9 of the overarching block 5 in the corner in the outermost recess deeper 17 of the vertically extending block 5 of the other side wall. 3 positively engages.

Die Bausteine 5 der Seitenwände 3 werden so verlegt, dass die an der vertikalen Seitenfläche 11, 12 angeordneten Vorsprünge 9 einschließlich der Oberteile 10 jeweils nach außen ragen, sodass durch die Höhe dieser Vorsprünge 9 der Abstand der Seitenwände 3 zur Außenhülle 1 und somit diese Dimension der vertikalen Kanäle 8 bestimmt ist. Die Höhe der Vorsprünge 9 richtet sich daher nach der Menge an Verbrennungsluft, die durch die Schlitze 6 in den Feuerraum 2 eingebracht werden soll, und beträgt insbesondere zwischen 2 und 2,5 cm. Die Tiefe der tieferen Vertiefungen 16, 17 beträgt dann bevorzugt bis zu 2,6 cm, während die Tiefe der flacheren Vertiefungen 15, das heißt der Längsnut die die Breite der Schlitze 6 bestimmt, vorzugsweise bei 1 cm liegt.The blocks 5 of the side walls 3 are laid so that the arranged on the vertical side surface 11, 12 protrusions 9 including the tops 10 each project outwardly, so that the height of these projections 9, the distance of the side walls 3 to the outer shell 1 and thus this dimension the vertical channels 8 is determined. The height of the projections 9 therefore depends on the amount of combustion air to be introduced through the slots 6 in the combustion chamber 2, and is in particular between 2 and 2.5 cm. The depth of the deeper recesses 16, 17 is then preferably up to 2.6 cm, while the depth of the shallower recesses 15, that is, the longitudinal groove which determines the width of the slots 6, preferably at 1 cm.

Die Bausteine können Solltrennmarkierungen aufweisen, um an den Ecken sich ergebende Überstände die der Wanddicke bzw. einem Mehrfachen der Wanddicke entsprechen in einfacher Weise abbrechen zu können.The blocks may have predetermined separation marks in order to be able to break off at the corners resulting supernatants corresponding to the wall thickness or a multiple of the wall thickness in a simple manner.

Claims (13)

Kleinfeuerstätte mit einer Außenhülle (1), einem von feuerfesten Bausteinen (5) umgebenen Feuerraum (2), einer Verbrennungsluftzufuhr (7) über Eintrittsöffnungen in den Seitenwänden (3) des Feuerraums (2) und einer Rauchgasabführung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsöffnungen für die Verbrennungsluft durch horizontale Schlitze (6) zwischen den Bausteinen (5) der Seitenwände (3) des Feuerraums (2) gebildet sind.Small fire place with an outer shell (1), one of refractory bricks (5) surrounded combustion chamber (2), a combustion air supply (7) via inlet openings in the side walls (3) of the firebox (2) and a flue gas discharge, characterized in that the inlet openings for the combustion air through horizontal slots (6) between the blocks (5) of the side walls (3) of the combustion chamber (2) are formed. Kleinfeuerstätte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bausteine (5) mit Vorsprüngen (9) als schlitzbildende Abstandhalter zur Außenhülle (1) und zum darüber oder darunter liegenden Baustein (5) versehen sind.Small fire place according to claim 1, characterized in that the building blocks (5) are provided with projections (9) as slot-forming spacers to the outer shell (1) and to the overlying or underlying building block (5). Quaderförmiger Baustein mit vier Seitenflächen und zwei Stirnflächen, insbesondere für eine Kleinfeuerstätte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er voneinander beabstandete Vorsprünge (9) an zwei aneinander grenzenden Seitenflächen (11, 12) aufweist.Block-shaped building block with four side surfaces and two end faces, in particular for a small fire place according to claim 1, characterized in that it has spaced-apart projections (9) on two adjacent side surfaces (11, 12). Baustein nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorsprünge (9) an jeder Seitenfläche (11, 12) in Abständen vorgesehen sind, die jeweils der doppelten Breite (x, y) der Seitenfläche (11, 12) entsprechen.Building block according to Claim 3, characterized in that the projections (9) are provided on each lateral surface (11, 12) at intervals corresponding to twice the width (x, y) of the lateral surface (11, 12). Baustein nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, und die Vorsprünge (9) an den beiden unterschiedlich breiten Seitenflächen (11, 12) in unterschiedlichen Abständen ausgebildet sind.Block according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the projections (9) at the two different width side surfaces (11, 12) are formed at different intervals. Baustein nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorsprünge (9) im Wesentlichen pyramidenstumpfförmig mit einer rechteckigen Grundfläche ausgebildet sind, wobei sich die längere Seite in der Breite (x, y) der Seitenfläche (11, 12) erstreckt und kürzer als die Breite (x, y) der Seitenfläche (11, 12) ist.Building block according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the projections (9) are formed substantially truncated pyramidal with a rectangular base surface, wherein the longer side in the width (x, y) of the side surface (11, 12) extends and shorter than the width (x, y) of the side surface (11, 12). Baustein nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er in der dritten und vierten Seitenfläche (13, 14) Vertiefungen (15; 16, 17) aufweist.Component according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it has recesses (15, 16, 17) in the third and fourth lateral surfaces (13, 14). Baustein nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vertiefungen (15; 16, 17) in zwei verschiedenen Tiefen vorgesehen sind, wobei die Tiefe der tieferen Vertiefungen (16, 17) gleich oder größer als die Höhe der Vorsprünge (9) ist, und die Tiefe der flacheren Vertiefungen (15) geringer als die Höhe der Vorsprünge (9) ist.Building block according to claim 7, characterized in that the recesses (15; 16, 17) are provided at two different depths, the depth of the deeper recesses (16, 17) being equal to or greater than the height of the projections (9), and the depth of the shallower recesses (15) is less than the height of the projections (9). Baustein nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede flachere Vertiefung (15) durch eine Längsnut gebildet ist, deren Breite der gleich gerichteten Dimension der Vorsprünge (9) entspricht.Component according to Claim 8, characterized in that each flatter depression (15) is formed by a longitudinal groove whose width corresponds to the identically directed dimension of the projections (9). Baustein nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die tieferen Vertiefungen (16, 17) rechteckig und gegengleich zu den im Wesentlichen pyramidenstumpfförmigen Vorsprüngen (9) ausgebildet sind.Building block according to claim 8, characterized in that the deeper recesses (16, 17) are formed rectangular and opposite to the substantially truncated pyramidal projections (9). Baustein nach Anspruch 8 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die tieferen Vertiefungen (16, 17) in jeder Seitenfläche (13, 14) in zwei ineinander liegenden Reihen angeordnet sind, wobei die erste Reihe Vertiefungen (16) umfasst, deren längere Rechteckseite sich in der Breite der Seitenfläche (13, 14) erstreckt und deren Abstand zueinander der doppelten Breite (x, y) der Seitenfläche (13, 14) entspricht, und wobei die zweite Reihe Vertiefungen (17) umfasst, deren längere Rechteckseite sich in der Länge der Seitenfläche (13, 14) erstreckt und deren Abstand zueinander der Breite (x, y) der Seitenfläche (13, 14) entspricht.Building block according to claim 8 and 10, characterized in that the lower recesses (16, 17) in each side face (13, 14) are arranged in two nested rows, the first row comprising recesses (16) whose longer side of the rectangle is in the width of the side surface (13, 14) and whose distance from each other corresponds to twice the width (x, y) of the side surface (13, 14), and wherein the second series recesses (17), the longer side of the rectangle in the length of Side surface (13, 14) and whose distance from one another corresponds to the width (x, y) of the side surface (13, 14). Baustein nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die tieferen Vertiefungen (17) der zweiten Reihe jede zweite Vertiefung (16) der ersten Reihe kreuzen.Component according to Claim 11, characterized in that the lower recesses (17) of the second row intersect each second recess (16) of the first row. Bausteinset für eine Kleinfeuerstätte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, mit quaderförmigen Bausteinen (5), insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 12, wobei jeder Baustein (5) einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt und an je einer schmalen und einer breiten Seitenfläche (11, 12) Vorsprünge (9) aufweist, und wobei an der jeweils gegenüber liegenden schmalen bzw. breiten Seitenfläche (13, 14) jeweils zu den Vorsprüngen (7) gegengleiche Vertiefungen (16) vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bausteine (5) in einer ersten Relativstellung zueinander derart stapelbar sind, dass die Vorsprünge (9) in die Vertiefungen (16) hineinreichen, womit die Seitenflächen (11, 13; 12, 14) der Bausteine (5) aneinander liegen, und in einer zweiten Relativstellung zueinander derart stapelbar sind, dass die Vorsprünge (9) zwischen den Vertiefungen (16) auf den Bausteinen (9) aufliegen, wobei Schlitze (6) für die Verbrennungsluft zwischen den Bausteinen (5) gebildet sind.Building block set for a small fire place according to one of claims 1 or 2, with block-shaped building blocks (5), in particular according to one of claims 3 to 12, wherein each building block (5) has a substantially rectangular cross-section and on each of a narrow and a wide side surface (11 , 12) has projections (9), and wherein on the respectively opposite narrow or wide side surface (13, 14) in each case to the projections (7) opposite recesses (16) are provided, characterized in that the blocks (5) in a first relative position to each other are stackable such that the projections (9) extend into the recesses (16), whereby the side surfaces (11, 13; 12, 14) of the blocks (5) abut each other, and in a second relative position to each other such stackable are that the projections (9) between the recesses (16) rest on the blocks (9), wherein slots (6) are formed for the combustion air between the blocks (5) ,
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CN112747471A (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-04 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Combustion chamber and gas appliance
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CN112747472A (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-04 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Combustion chamber and gas appliance
CN112747471A (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-04 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Combustion chamber and gas appliance
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EP2618062B1 (en) 2017-08-02
AT512575A1 (en) 2013-09-15

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