DE102013004231A1

DE102013004231A1 - HEATING STORE AND OVEN WITH HEAT STORAGE

Info

Publication number: DE102013004231A1
Application number: DE102013004231.3A
Authority: DE
Inventors: Anmelder Gleich
Original assignee: Karl Stefan Riener
Current assignee: RIENER, KARL STEFAN, AT
Priority date: 2013-03-11
Filing date: 2013-03-11
Publication date: 2014-09-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat storage for a furnace for heat generation, in particular a wood stove, wherein the heat storage comprises: at least two mold blocks (2a, 2b, 2c), wherein each mold block (2a, 2b, 2c) at least one flue gas duct (3) and wherein the mold blocks (2a, 2b, 2c) are shaped to form a heat storage block (4) when assembled. The invention also relates to a furnace for generating heat, in particular a wood-burning stove, the furnace comprising an aforementioned heat accumulator, a combustion chamber and a flue gas connection, flue gases which are formed in the combustion chamber during combustion through the flue gas duct or channels (3) of the mold blocks (2a, 2b, 2c) of the heat accumulator (1) and passed from there into the flue gas connection.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a heat accumulator, and more particularly to a heat accumulator with mold blocks and a furnace for generating heat with such a heat accumulator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There are generally known stoves for heat generation, which are particularly suitable for the combustion of wood, such as logs or pellets. Such ovens are typically used in living rooms, such. B. set up in the form of a stove.
In principle, it is known that the heat generated in such ovens is stored in special stones. For example, there are stoves in which fireclay bricks for heat storage are arranged in the combustion chamber. In known soapstone stoves are provided outside the firebox for heat storage.
In these known ovens, however, the heat contained in the flue gas is often not optimally utilized and stored.
Object of the present invention is to provide an improved heat storage for a furnace for heat generation and a furnace for heat generation, in particular wood stove, with such a heat storage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat accumulator for a heat generation furnace, in particular a wood burning stove, in accordance with independent claim 1. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a heat generating furnace with a heat accumulator according to the first aspect in accordance with claim 8.
Further aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the accompanying drawings and the following description of preferred embodiments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
1 illustrates an embodiment of a heat accumulator in accordance with the present invention in a three-dimensional view;
2 shows the heat storage in a plan view;
3 shows the heat storage in a side view;
4 shows the heat storage from below; and
5 an embodiment of a wood stove with a heat storage, as in the 1 to 4 illustrated, illustrated in a three-dimensional view.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the 1 to 4 is an embodiment of a heat storage 1 illustrated in accordance with the present invention. Before a detailed description follows first general explanations to the embodiments and their advantages.
The embodiments relate to a heat accumulator for a furnace for heat generation, which is designed to burn a fuel in a combustion chamber. Basically, all types of furnace are considered. In principle, all types of fuels are considered which are made of biomass, but also fuels such as gas, oil, lignite, wood or hard coal and the like. The furnace can also, without the present invention being limited thereto, a wood stove, such. As a log wood stove or a pellet stove, which is designed, for example, as a stove, tiled stove or the like and is typically set up in a living room.
The heat storage for an oven for heat generation, as described above, comprises in the embodiments at least two mold blocks, each mold block having at least one flue and wherein the mold blocks are shaped so that they can be assembled into a heat storage block or form a heat storage block, if are composed.
The mold blocks are made of a material which is suitable for heat storage and has a high heat capacity, such as, for example, firebrick. In some embodiments, the mold blocks are at least partially made of heavy concrete, which has a particularly high heat capacity. Heavy concrete is a mixture Concrete with a high dry bulk density compared to concrete, which can be between 2.8 kg / dm 3 and 4.5 kg / dm 3 . Typically, the high dry bulk density is achieved by the addition of heavy aggregate, for example, predominantly barite (barite predominantly BaSO4), ilmenite (titanium ironstone predominantly FeTiO 3 ), magnetite (magnetic iron predominantly Fe 3 O 4 ) or hematite (red iron stone predominantly Fe 2 O 3 ) or heavy metal slags (mainly lead or chromium slag) may exist. In some embodiments, heavy concrete has; which is made with hematite, exposed as a particularly good heat storage. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the mold blocks are made of heavy concrete made of concrete and hematite.
The production of the molded blocks of heavy concrete makes it possible to cast the mold blocks in a specific predetermined shape, which their production, for example. In contrast to the shaping of natural stones greatly simplified.
The shape of the mold blocks can be chosen generally arbitrary in the embodiments and depends on the specific needs of the spatial configuration of the heat accumulator, that is, according to its size, its horizontal and vertical dimensions and its external shape. The shape of the heat accumulator can be adapted to a particular oven. The use of the blocks for assembling the heat storage block of the heat accumulator allows a particularly flexible design and thus a simple and flexible adaptation of the heat storage to different furnace.
The outer shape of the mold blocks can, for example, be parallelepiped-shaped, that is, respective opposite surfaces are substantially parallel to each other. But it can also take one or more surfaces an angle to an opposite surface. The mold blocks may have rounded, pointed, beveled or otherwise shaped edges.
In addition, the outer surfaces of the mold blocks may be substantially smooth and / or be provided with a surface structure.
In some embodiments, the mold blocks have the same footprint, which simplifies the superposition of the mold blocks.
As mentioned, the mold blocks have at least one flue gas channel. However, this should not mean that the heat storage consists exclusively of mold blocks with flue gas ducts. In some embodiments, the heat storage in addition to mold blocks with flue gas ducts and those without flue gas duct.
The flue gas ducts in the mold blocks serve to pass flue gas produced by combustion in the oven through them. Each mold block can have one or more flue gas channels. Typically, the flue gas channels of the mold blocks extend from one surface to the opposite surface. The flue gas channels may have a circular, angular, square, or other cross-section. In addition, in principle, the flue gas ducts of the various mold blocks may also be different.
The mold blocks are designed so that they can be assembled into a heat storage block. In some embodiments, the mold blocks are arranged side by side and / or one above the other. You can also be firmly connected to each other, for example. By mortar or other adhesive or binder. In some embodiments, the mold blocks assembled into the heat block are in direct contact with each other, while others have a material interposed therebetween.
The mold blocks can accordingly form in some embodiments a mold block part set, from which a heat storage block of a heat storage can be formed by appropriate assembly of the individual mold blocks.
As mentioned, the mold blocks in the assembled state form a heat storage block, through which the flue gas is passed and heat the mold blocks of the heat storage block.
In order to facilitate the assembly of the individual mold blocks and to assist the alignment of individual mold blocks with each other, in some embodiments, the mold blocks or a portion of the mold blocks corresponding recesses and / or elevations on the outside, on which the mold blocks engage when they are assembled. Examples of such structural features on the outside are grooves, pins, blind holes, guide grooves, leading edges, projections or the like.
In some embodiments, the heat accumulator also has a guide means, which facilitates the assembly of the mold blocks. For example, in some embodiments, one or more mold sheets or the like are provided, which are arranged vertically and / or horizontally between the moldings, and the specify the exact position of the mold blocks. Such means may, for example, be provided in the oven, in which the heat storage is installed.
The fact that the heat storage block of the heat accumulator can be assembled from mold blocks, the heat storage can be installed in the field in an oven, d. H. There are composed of the mold blocks. It is accordingly not necessary to transport the heat storage as a whole, but it can be transported to the individual mold blocks. This also makes it possible to realize very heavy heat storage in furnace at sites where, for example, not (readily) possible to move the heat storage with a crane or the like to the site. In some embodiments, the mold blocks are weighted such that they do not override a certain weight, for example 50 kg or 25 kg, so that they can be carried by a single person. The weights are purely exemplary and the present invention is not limited to a particular molding block weight.
In some embodiments, the mold blocks are configured such that the flue gas channels are aligned and form a continuous flue gas channel when the mold blocks are stacked. In some embodiments, also mold blocks are provided, in which the flue gas channels are aligned when they are arranged side by side. For this purpose, the flue gas channels can be arranged in the respective mold blocks at the same locations.
In some embodiments, mold blocks are provided in which the flue gas duct is not rectilinear through the mold block, but an angle, for. B. forms a right angle, so that the flue gas duct goes around the corner, so for example from a lower surface to a side surface of the mold block. As a result, it is possible in some embodiments to form a flue gas channel in the heat storage block with a virtually arbitrary course, by corresponding mold blocks, as described above, provided and assembled according to the heat storage block.
In some embodiments, the heat accumulator on the underside of the heat storage block on a heat insulating material. This serves in some embodiments to decouple the heat storage of a combustion chamber arranged below it of a furnace largely thermally from the heat storage. Thus, a cooling of the combustion chamber can be prevented, which could lead to difficulties in starting the combustion in the combustion chamber. In addition, this ensures that the heat stored in the heat storage is not used to heat the combustion chamber after completion of combustion in the combustion chamber. The heat insulating material is heat-resistant and has, for example, vermiculite or other heat-resistant and heat-insulating material. In some embodiments, an air cushion, which arises between the heat storage and the combustion chamber, also serves as (additional) heat insulation.
In some embodiments, the heat storage block on its underside a holding plate on which the heat storage block is arranged. The holding plate may be formed of metal (cast iron) or the like. In some embodiments, the support plate has flue gas openings arranged to align with the flue gas channels of the mold blocks lying thereon. In some embodiments, the above-mentioned heat insulating material is disposed between the bottom of the heat storage block and the holding plate.
The heat storage may include a first set of mold blocks and a second set of mold blocks, wherein the mold blocks of the first and second sets differ from one another. The difference may lie in the type and / or number of flue gas channels and / or in the outer shaping. In some embodiments, there are also more than two different sets of shape blocks. The different sets of mold blocks provide flexibility in the exterior design of the heat storage block. For example, the first set of mold blocks may include mold blocks for an upper portion of the heat storage block, and the second set of mold blocks may include mold blocks for a lower portion and / or middle portion of the heat storage block. Thus, the heat storage block can be adapted to different spatial conditions in a furnace.
Some embodiments relate to a furnace for heat generation, in particular wood stove, as also described above. The furnace comprises a heat accumulator as described above, a combustion chamber and a flue gas connection. Flue gases, which are formed during combustion in the combustion chamber, are conducted through the flue gas ducts of the mold blocks of the heat accumulator or of the heat accumulator block formed from the assembled blocks and from there into the flue gas connection. In this case, the heat accumulator can form a flue gas within the furnace through the flue gas ducts formed in it.
The heat storage can in embodiments in the interior of the wood stove 1 be arranged above the combustion chamber. Thus, the flue gas can be passed directly from the combustion chamber through the flue gas channels of the heat accumulator and so the heat from the flue gas can be stored in the heat storage. In addition, the heat storage is heated by the radiated from the combustion chamber during operation heat radiation.
In some embodiments, the furnace has, for example, on its upper side convection air openings, through which the heat stored in the heat storage is given off as convection heat. This is done by the heat accumulator by the radiation of heat radiation air that surrounds the heat storage heats. The heated air rises due to convection up and passes through the arranged above the heat storage convection air openings in the vicinity of the furnace.
Coming back to the 1 to 4 These illustrate an embodiment of a heat accumulator 1 for a wood stove 10 as he is in 5 is shown (see also below).
The heat storage 1 has a heat storage block 4 made up of three different sets of shape blocks 2a . 2 B and 2c is formed. The mold blocks 2a . 2 B and 2c are cast from heavy concrete, the heavy concrete is made with hematite.
A first set of shape blocks 2a is for the upper end of the heat storage block 4 educated. This shape blocks 2a have a top that has a straight surface section 2a ' and a sloping surface portion 2a ' Has. Opposite to these two surface sections, the straight 2a ' and the weird one 2a ' , have the mold blocks 2a at the bottom a straight running surface 2a ''' parallel to the straight surface section 2a ' runs. This straight surface 2a ''' serves as a bearing surface to the mold blocks 2 B of the second set of shape blocks 2 B , for the middle construction of the heat storage block 4 are provided.
The middle mold blocks 2 B are cuboid and they have a total of two parallel surfaces. They therefore have a straight top and a straight bottom that are parallel to each other.
The third set of shape blocks 2c is for the lower end of the heat storage block 4 educated. The mold blocks 2c have at the bottom a straight running surface section 2c ' and a sloping surface portion 2c '' , The top is just as a straight running surface 2c '' educated.
All shape blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c each have four flue gas channels 3 , each perpendicular to the mold blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c extend from the top to the bottom. The flue gas channels 3 have a square cross-section. In addition, all have shape blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c the same base so that they form a smooth continuous outer wall when they are arranged one above the other. All shape blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c have an elongated shape, ie their longitudinal extent is greater than their width.
The heat storage block 4 is in every mold block level with four shape blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c educated. In the first, top level, the heat storage block is made up of four mold blocks 2a composed of the first set of blocks of mold, which are arranged side by side, that is, they are each juxtaposed with the long side. The longitudinal extent of the mold blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c is in this embodiment, about four times the width, so that four as described side by side arranged mold blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c form a nearly square base.
A second and a third level of the heat storage block 4 is each made up of four shape blocks 2 B of the second (middle) form block set.
The lowest level of the heat storage block 4 is made of four adjacent blocks 2c of the third (lowest) block set.
Overall, the heat storage block is thus formed from 16 mold blocks (four mold blocks 2a of the first (upper) mold block set, eight mold blocks 2 B of the second (middle) mold block set and four mold blocks 2c the third (lowermost) block set), wherein each four mold blocks form a plane and four levels are arranged one above the other.
The superimposed mold blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c are arranged so that the respective flue gas channels formed in them 3 aligned and thus continuous flue gas channels 9 form. By doing that every molding block 2a . 2 B . 2c four flue gas channels each 3 has and in a plane four mold blocks 2a . 2 B , respectively. 2c are arranged side by side, are in the composite heat storage block 4 a total of 16 continuous flue gas ducts 9 educated. The arrangement of the flue gas ducts 3 in the mold blocks 2a . 2 B and 2c is so that the continuous flue gas channels 9 substantially equally spaced from one another by the heat storage block thus assembled 4 run vertically.
At the bottom of the heat storage block 4 is below the lowest level of shape blocks 2c a holding plate 5 made of cast iron. The holding plate 5 has 16 flue gas openings 6 , which are arranged so that they are continuous with the 16 in the heat storage block 4 trained flue gas ducts 9 aligned. The holding plate 5 is according to the sloping surface 2c '' of the lowest mold block 2c arranged obliquely.
Between the holding plate 5 and the heat storage block 4 are five longitudinal and one transverse heat-elastic strips 7 arranged, each made of vermiculite. The heat insulation strips 7 decouple the retaining plate 5 thermally from the heat storage block 4 , The heat insulation strips 7 are in corresponding recesses 8th in the holding plate 5 added.
As stated above, the heat storage 1 kit-like from the mold blocks 2a . 2 B . 2c be assembled.
Such in the interior of a wood stove 10 composite heat storage 1 is in 5 illustrated.
The wood stove 10 , which is designed for the combustion of firewood, has a combustion chamber 13 that with an oven door 12 is closable. The combustion chamber 13 is via a supply air connection 11 at the back of the wood stove 10 supplied with supply air. For the discharge of flue gases has the wood stove 10 at its top a flue gas connection 14 for connection to a fireplace.
In a correspondingly dimensioned heat storage chamber 16 inside the wood stove 10 is the heat storage 1 arranged or assembled there. In 5 the heat storage is illustrated by a corresponding sectional view "half installed". A first vertical half of the heat storage block 4 is from the form stones 2a . 2 B and 2c educated.
The heat storage chamber 16 is at the front of the wood stove 10 with a removable cover 17 locked. For the installation of the heat accumulator 1 will this cover 17 decreased. First, the holding plate 5 with the heat insulation strips 7 inserted (in some embodiments, these parts are already ex works in the wood stove 10 installed).
On the holding plate 5 then, for example, the shape blocks 2c placed on the lowest level, then the middle shape blocks 2 B and finally the top mold blocks 2a , In the process, the shape blocks become 2a . 2 B . 2c aligned superimposed so that the flue gas ducts 3 are arranged one above the other and so through the composite heat storage block 4 continuous flue gas channels 9 form.
The heat storage 1 is inside the wood stove 1 between the combustion chamber 13 and the flue gas connection 14 arranged. The flue gas gets out of the combustion chamber 13 through the flue gas openings 6 the holding plate 5 in the continuous flue gas channels 9 of the heat storage block 4 directed. The flue gas is thereby evenly on the flue gas channels 9 distributed, which also causes the heat storage block 4 is heated evenly. The flue gas channels 9 have a chimney effect and direct the flue gas through the heat storage block 4 through and through the flue gas connection 14 outward. It also heats from the combustion chamber 13 emitted heat radiation the heat storage 1 ,
The heat storage chamber 16 is designed so that no flue gas can escape, but the flue gas in the heat storage chamber 16 remains. In other embodiments, corresponding connecting pieces at the lower and upper ends ensure that the flue gas only in the continuous flue gas ducts 9 arrives. In such embodiments, the heat storage chamber 16 not designed smoke-gas-tight.
The in the heat storage 1 Stored heat is generated by radiating heat radiation to the air around the heat storage chamber 16 or the heat storage 1 delivered around. So the heated air from the wood stove 10 can escape, the wood stove has 10 at its top a convection air grille 15 with openings through which the heated air from the heat storage to the outside environment of the wood stove 10 is delivered by natural convection.
The sloping surfaces at the bottom and the top of the heat accumulator 1 make sure that below or above the heat storage 1 each one room remains in the parts of the wood stove 1 can be arranged. In addition, the heat storage 1 thus particularly well on this design-related conditions of the wood stove 1 adapted and uses on the other hand, however, the existing space for the heat storage optimally.

Claims

Heat storage for a furnace for heat generation, in particular a wood-burning oven, the heat storage comprising: at least two mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ), each molding block ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) at least one flue gas channel ( 3 ) and wherein the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) are shaped so as to form a heat storage block ( 4 ) form.
A heat accumulator according to claim 1, wherein the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) Comprise heavy concrete, in particular heavy, which hematite has.
Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, in which the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) are configured such that the flue gas channels ( 3 ) and in each case a continuous flue gas channel ( 9 ) when the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) are arranged one above the other.
Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at the bottom of the heat storage block ( 4 ) a heat insulating material ( 7 ) is provided.
Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at the bottom of the heat storage block ( 4 ) a holding plate ( 5 ) is provided.
A heat accumulator according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat accumulator comprises a first set of mold blocks ( 2a ) and a second sentence ( 2 B . 2c ) of mold blocks, wherein the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) of the first and second sets differ from each other.
Furnace for generating heat, in particular woodstove, the furnace having a heat accumulator ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, a combustion chamber ( 13 ) and a flue gas connection ( 14 ), wherein flue gases which are burned in the combustion chamber ( 13 ) are formed by the flue gas duct or ducts ( 3 ) of the mold blocks ( 2a . 2 B . 2c ) of the heat accumulator ( 1 ) and from there into the flue gas connection ( 14 ).
A furnace for generating heat according to claim 7, wherein the heat accumulator ( 1 ) above the combustion chamber ( 13 ) is arranged.
A heat generation furnace according to claim 8, when dependent on claim 4, wherein said heat insulating material ( 7 ) between the bottom of the heat storage block ( 4 ) and a holding plate ( 5 ) on which the heat storage block ( 4 ) rests, is arranged.
Furnace for generating heat according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the heat storage ( 1 ) as a flue gas outlet between the combustion chamber ( 13 ) and flue gas connection ( 14 ) serves.
Furnace for generating heat according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the in the heat storage ( 1 ) stored heat through convection air openings ( 15 ) of the furnace is delivered as convection heat.