Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
  • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
  • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
  • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
  • F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
  • F02D41/3872—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves characterised by leakage flow in injectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
  • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
  • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
  • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
  • F02M53/043—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with cooling means other than air cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
  • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
  • F02M63/0012—Valves
  • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
  • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
  • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
  • F02M63/0012—Valves
  • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
  • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
  • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
  • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
  • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
  • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
  • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
  • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
  • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
  • F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
  • F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
  • F02M2700/07—Nozzles and injectors with controllable fuel supply
  • F02M2700/077—Injectors having cooling or heating means

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for operating an injection system.
• Injection systems for internal combustion engines are designed to convey fuel from a tank into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
• An injection system usually includes near the tank a low pressure area with a low pressure pump, fuel filters and fuel lines and a high pressure area with a high pressure pump, fuel lines, manifolds and injectors that supply the combustion chamber of the engine fuel in time and space needs.
• the low-pressure area also includes a return system, the leaks and return quantities of various components of the injection system to the tank and / or a pre-conveyor system feeds again.
• control unit In modern time-controlled injection systems, the calculation of injection functions and the control of injectors and other actuators for controlling the injection system and the internal combustion engine is adopted by a control unit.
• components of the injection systems always come into contact with the fuel to be delivered and are lubricated in most cases by this, whereby wear on the contact surfaces of moving with stationary parts is avoided.
• Functions of the injection system as well as their stability and service life are therefore dependent on the properties of the fuel and its constituents.
• the chemical physical fuel properties eg. By supply of fuels that are not optimized for the Einspntzstrom, or by changing the fuel properties during operation, so functions of the Einspntzstrom can be changed.
• An effect of changing fuel properties on the Einspntzstrom is, for example, the formation of coatings that can adhere to the surfaces of the components or individual parts of the Einspntzstrom.
• Soil formation in diesel fuels can, as far as is known today, be achieved by metal soaps, by aging polymer components due to bio-proportions in the fuel or by
• Hot fuel ages faster than cold fuel, whereby the hot fuel oxidizes and forms acids that promote a chemical reaction to form deposits.
• an actual value of the pressure in the high pressure region can be detected with a pressure sensor and is regulated to a desired value.
• the injectors are used to control the pressure, the injectors are controlled such that no fuel enters the combustion chambers but from the high pressure region in the low pressure region.
• a flushing and / or cooling of at least one valve with which an injection takes place in an injection system designed, for example, as a high-pressure injection system, by means of which actuation thereof into a coasting phase and / or after stopping (stopping) the engine.
• the actuation of the valves in the overrun phase or in a coasting operation takes place so that no unwanted injection takes place. This is achieved by short strokes of the valve of a common rail injector, which are so short that they do not lead to an opening of an injection nozzle of the valve and thus to the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
• the short-circuits which are effected in the overrun phase by so-called blank-shot activations, typically take place at low pressures of approximately 300 bar of the fuel which is supplied to the injection system for cooling and / or flushing.
• the temperature level of the thus briefly supplied fuel is thus lower and the relaxation of the fuel to a
• a bare-shot activation is in an embodiment of the invention to a control of a switching valve in the injection system or in a fuel injection system, wherein the activation is so short that due to the inertia of the masses, springs and fluids no injection of fuel in the combustion chamber takes place.
• a typical injector in the internal combustion engine is not a "directly controlled valve” but is switched by a solenoid or piezo valve.
• the switching valve and the actual injection valve, the injection nozzle are distinguished from each other.
• the activation of the switching valve causes some of the pressurized fuel to be de-stroked with the aim of affecting the pressure forces on the injector. This tax amount typically passes back into the tank as a lost amount.
• the switching valve is actuated without the injection valve reacting. This may be due to the fact that the fuel pressure in a room must fall below a certain value before the injection valve actually switches, and the short actuation of the switching or servo valve, the pressure does not fall below this value.
• a delay time is caused by mechanical inertia of a piston-spring system between the switching and injection valve, so that a short driving of the switching valve has no effect on the injection valve.
• rinsing the valve results in hot, aging-prone fuel being replaced by cooler, more stable fuel. Both Effects contribute to preventing or slowing down chemical reactions for the formation of deposits.
• the cooling and flushing effected in the embodiment of the invention are functions of the injection system which can also be retroactively integrated into an existing injection system via a function of the control unit. There is no additional design change to components of the injection system required and also to integrate any additional components in the injection system.
• the functions can be activated if necessary, if operating conditions are present which represent an increased risk for the formation of deposits.
• a growth of deposits at critical points after stopping the engine is prevented, thus ensuring a restart of the engine.
• the valve after stopping the engine and after complete reduction of the pressure, for example.
• the rail pressure in a storage injection system commonly rail
• a duration of the current supply is not limited to short Anêtintervalle, since no injection can take place due to the lack of rail pressure.
• the control of the valve can take place long after the engine has stopped at standstill.
• valve element or armature designed as a valve element and possibly at least one further component of the valve is moved in one embodiment relative to a housing as the at least one valve body of the valve.
• a cooling of vulnerable surfaces of the injection system can be ensured. This is usually done by operating the valves in coasting and engine stall. In overrun conditions, the rail pressure is significantly lowered compared to the usual injection mode. The supplied fuel is cold relative to the material of the components of the injection system. If the fuel flows through the valve or along the guide, heat is removed from the critical areas and the temperature is reduced. Thus, the valve can be flushed by this activation and hot fuel can be replaced by cooler fuel.
• Actuation of the valves after switching off the internal combustion engine makes it possible that existing residual pressure in the injection hot, in the following rest phase or standstill possibly aging fuel is washed away and replaced by fuel, which has passed through a lower pressure and temperature level and thus less tends to age. Since thus the formation of deposits during the rest phase is prevented, the function of the valve can be ensured when restarting.
• the functions of the injection system to be implemented in one embodiment of the invention can be integrated via software functions in the control unit so that components of the injection system can be controlled to implement at least one function that is provided in the context of the method, so that a relative movement of components susceptible to coating occurs ,
• the at least one intended function is dependent on operating parameters, eg. As an operating status of the internal combustion engine, the pressure and the temperature of the injection system and / or the internal combustion engine, etc. is activated and triggers an actuation of the valves. This operation is designed so that the operating behavior of the internal combustion engine is not disturbed.
• the Valve means z. B. that the control is so short that it comes to any injection that adversely affects the handling and emission of the engine.
• the short-circuits described are immediately suspended and thus the cooling and rinsing function aborted as soon as a torque request to the internal combustion engine, for. B. by pressing the accelerator pedal by the driver occurs.
• the Kurzan horrézier for brief actuation of the valve can also be done after switching off the engine.
• an existing pressure of the injection system is reduced via the actuations of the valve.
• flushing and cooling of the valve takes place.
• This function can be active permanently or for a limited time after the engine has been switched off after the rail pressure has been reduced. Operation of the valve after the engine stops inhibits growth of the pads and removes freshly formed pads during engine downtime.
• the pads are probably not only in regular operation, but can also be formed when valves and actuators, etc. of the injection system are no longer actuated when, for example, the internal combustion engine or an internal combustion engine is turned off. Formation of coatings can be prevented or at least reduced by embodiments of the invention.
• the arrangement according to the invention is designed to carry out all the steps of the presented method.
• individual steps of this method can also be carried out by individual components of the arrangement.
• functions of the arrangement or functions of individual components of the arrangement can be implemented as steps of the method.
• steps of the method it is possible for steps of the method to be implemented as functions of at least one component of the arrangement or of the entire arrangement.
• FIG. 1 shows a flow chart for a function for carrying out a cooling and flushing in a coasting phase in the context of a first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a time profile of operating parameters before and during activation of the cooling and rinsing function within the scope of a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 shows, in a schematic embodiment, a first example of a valve of an injection system in which thick lining layers impairing a valve function form.
• Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the valve of Figure 3, in which when carrying out a third embodiment of the method according to the invention no formation of deposits.
• FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic embodiment, a second example of a valve of an injection system in which lining layers have been formed, which are removed by carrying out the fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 6 shows, in a schematic embodiment, a third example of a valve of an injection system in which thick covering layers impairing a valve function form.
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
• the determined temperature 9 of the valve and a value of a pressure 11 of the fuel within the injection system are fed to a function control 13. Furthermore, depending on an operating status of the internal combustion engine, information is provided as to whether no fuel is required for the internal combustion engine and thus a coasting phase 15 is present. In the presence of a coasting phase 15, the internal combustion engine is towed by the motor vehicle and thus kept in rotary motion with an unconnected traction between the internal combustion engine and a drive unit of the motor vehicle.
• the method is carried out when the temperature 9 of the valve is so high that thereby chemical reactions are caused, due to which the fuel can form a deposit in the valve.
• Another condition for execution is then met if a desired injection quantity of the fuel is zero, which is the case, inter alia, in the presence of a coasting phase 15 but also in the stoppage phase of the internal combustion engine.
• the execution depends on a third condition, which is fulfilled if the pressure 11 of the fuel is lower than a limit value. In this case, be through the functional check 13 short-circuits 17 for actuating the valve generated.
• the valve is energized with a current whose current profile comprises short-term, rectangular pulses (blank shots), and thereby actuated briefly and briefly opened.
• a current profile comprises short-term, rectangular pulses (blank shots)
• the time is plotted along an abscissa.
• At an ordinate 23 are plotted three curves for operating parameters, namely for a pressure 25 of the fuel and a temperature 27 of the valve.
• a third curve represents a signal 29 for an amount of fuel required for injection. In this case, up to a first time 31 ti for operating the internal combustion engine, a certain amount
• the signal 29 is provided in accordance with an actuation of an accelerator pedal of the motor vehicle.
• a required amount of fuel from the first time 31 ti is zero. This can usually mean that the internal combustion engine is in a coasting phase from the first point in time 31 ti.
• the pressure 25 of the fuel decreases.
• a plurality of short-circuits 35 are provided at a second time 33 t 2 , as a result of which the valve is actuated for a short time.
• the pressure 25 reaches a minimum.
• the temperature 27 of the valve also decreases.
• FIGS 3 and 4 each show a schematic representation of components of a valve 41 of an injection system, which is designed as a needle valve, wherein as components a usually fixed valve body 43 and a valve needle 45 are shown, which is movable relative to the valve body 43.
• valve 41 is in an operating situation designated as an injection phase, in which a movement 47 of the valve needle
• valve needle 45 takes place as a valve element relative to the valve body 43. Because of this movement 47, which is symbolized by an arrow, a formation of deposits by fuel on the valve needle 45 is prevented.
• FIG. 3b shows the valve body 43 and the valve needle 45 at a time Et after switching off the engine.
• a time interval Et due to still existing fuel on the valve needle 45 and the valve body 43 deposits 49, which at a restart of the internal combustion engine a Movement 47 of the valve needle 45 can prevent or at least limit.
• FIG. 3 thus also shows the problem of growth of deposits in a valve 41 designed here as a needle valve without the function proposed in the context of the invention.
• the valve 41 is shown here schematically in the lower end position of the valve needle 41 in the closed state and formed as a servo-control valve of a common-rail injection system.
• Figure 4a shows the same situation as Figure 3a, in which takes place during an injection phase of the internal combustion engine, a relative movement 47 of the valve needle 45 to the valve body 43, whereby a deposit formation is prevented.
• 4b shows the valve 41 after switching off the internal combustion engine in a so-called resting phase when carrying out the third embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• the valve 41 is actuated and actuated by short or possibly long actuations at least once.
• FIG. 4 c shows the valve 41 after a time interval A t after switching off the internal combustion engine. Due to the only thin coating layer 49 is a movement of the valve 41 at restart of the engine unhindered possible. If after the injection phase for the internal combustion engine instead of the rest phase, alternatively, a coasting phase is provided, there is a situation which is similar to the situation shown in Figure 4b. During the overrun phase, an actuation of the valve 41 takes place only by short actuations instead of by longer actuations, as is provided in the case of the rest phase. However, this also causes a movement 47 of the valve needle 45, whereby a deposit formation is at least reduced.
• valve needle 45 By the recurrent movement of the valve needle 45 during the formation of fouling and / or condensation of fuel, the deposit formation is disturbed and limited to an extent that is not critical to the functioning of the valve.
• Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of another example of a pressure-balanced valve 61, which is designed as a sleeve valve, with an anchor bolt 63, an armature 65 and a Ventililfedereinstellin 67.
• 5 deposits 71 are indicated in Figure 5, which are in the closed state of the valve 61 on the anchor bolt 63 deposit and can hinder opening of the valve 61.
• the valve 61 embodied as a sleeve valve is actuated in an operating situation of the internal combustion engine during at least one time interval such that no injection of fuel thereby takes place.
• a valve element here the armature 65
• a valve body here to the anchor bolt 63, which is not actively moved, and / or the valve spring adjustment disk 67.
• the pads 71 are removed and / or further formation of pads 71 is prevented.
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a third example of a valve 81 with a valve needle 83, a valve body 85, a valve seat 87, a channel 89 and a coil core 91.
• deposit formation 93 can likewise result in a quiescent phase but through a movement of the valve needle 83, which is provided in the context of the method according to the invention, can be corrected.
• the method according to the invention can be carried out for all valves 61, 81 of injection systems whose functions can be influenced by control commands.
• FIG. 7 shows, in a schematic representation, an internal combustion engine 101 and an injection system 103 with a plurality of valves.
• FIG. 7 shows, in a schematic illustration, an arrangement 107 for operating the injection system 103 with a control module 109 which is arranged in a control unit 11 1.
• the control module 109 is connected to the injection system 103 and the internal combustion engine 101 via supply lines for exchanging operating parameters of the injection system 103 and the internal combustion engine 101. Via further supply lines, the control module 109 can control the valves 105 and thus actuate.
• control module 109 controls at least one valve 105 during at least one time interval such that no injection of fuel thereby takes place.
• a function for performing the method may be implemented in the control module 109 as software.
• the method may be performed during a coasting phase of the internal combustion engine 101, wherein the valve 105 is actuated by a short drive during at least a short time interval.
• the method can be carried out after switching off the internal combustion engine 101, wherein the valve 105 can also be actuated for longer time intervals.
• a pressure of the fuel in the injection system 103 exceeds a threshold value, wherein the supplied fuel has a lower pressure than the fuel located in the injection system fuel. It can also be checked if a temperature of the fuel in the injection system is a threshold exceeds, wherein the supplied fuel has a lower temperature than the fuel in the injection system located fuel.
• valve element By actuating the valve 105, a valve element is moved relative to at least one stationary valve body, for example a base body and / or a housing of the valve 105.
• the valve 105 is cooled and / or flushed by supplied fuel, which has a lower pressure and a lower temperature than already existing fuel.
• valve element for example a valve needle in a needle valve or an armature in a sleeve valve, relative to at least one valve body, for example.
• a usually immovable body or housing of the valve 105 moves.
• the method can be terminated by applying a torque request to the internal combustion engine 101.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=44534795

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2010
  • 2010-12-13 DE DE102010062883A patent/DE102010062883A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-08-01 CN CN201180044338.1A patent/CN103097712B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-08-01 US US13/820,982 patent/US20130233282A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-08-01 WO PCT/EP2011/063231 patent/WO2012034773A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-08-01 EP EP11739054.2A patent/EP2616660A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events