EP2614306B1 - Roststab für einen verbrennungsofen mit auswechselbarem kopf - Google Patents

Roststab für einen verbrennungsofen mit auswechselbarem kopf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2614306B1
EP2614306B1 EP11774069.6A EP11774069A EP2614306B1 EP 2614306 B1 EP2614306 B1 EP 2614306B1 EP 11774069 A EP11774069 A EP 11774069A EP 2614306 B1 EP2614306 B1 EP 2614306B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bar
grate bar
bars
air
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11774069.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2614306A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Aubert
Wolfgang Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Europeenne De Services Techniques Pour L'incineration
Original Assignee
Europeenne De Services Techniques Pour L'incineration
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Filing date
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Application filed by Europeenne De Services Techniques Pour L'incineration filed Critical Europeenne De Services Techniques Pour L'incineration
Publication of EP2614306A1 publication Critical patent/EP2614306A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2614306B1 publication Critical patent/EP2614306B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/12—Fire-bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/08—Bearers; Frames; Spacers; Supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/17002—Detachable or removable worn-out parts

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the grate bars usable in the fireplaces.
  • the application discloses a gate bar whose bar head end of the gate bar is equipped with a replaceable head to avoid having to replace an entire gate bar when the end of the bar is worn.
  • CH663266 discloses a bar for an incinerator with a replaceable head member that is secured to the bar by side bolts, side edges, or side pins.
  • FR 2694376 describes a grid bar with a removable front shield which is fixed on the bar with screws.
  • a region around a screw end has a dimension comparable to the size of a screw or is smaller and the region is located in a cavity of the bar.
  • EP 1355112 discloses a grate bar for a combustion chamber comprising an upper plate and a lower plate. The top plate is attached to the bottom plate by screws. The screws engage in notches which are formed in the upper plate of the bar.
  • US 2009/101320 discloses a gate bar comprising a wear plate which is fixed to the bar with embedded screws.
  • the replaceable head is attached to the bar by at least two screws.
  • the screws include screw heads that engage a first notch and a second machined screw notch which are provided in the replaceable head.
  • the replaceable head is mounted between a first step and a second step of an empty space of the gate bar. As a result, the first step and the second step absorb the pushing forces and the screws are exposed to lower stresses.
  • a lower portion of the bar which includes openings for the screws covers plain areas around the openings which are wide enough to allow free access to a tool to be separated.
  • the bar head can be removed quickly.
  • the plain regions serve to bring the tool to be separated to the screws and to use the tool to separate to cut the ends of the screws with which the replaceable head is fixed on the bar.
  • This tool is an angle grinder. Angle grinders are proven to quickly cut metal parts, even if there is little space.
  • the two screws comprise a front screw and a rear screw and wherein the lower part of the bar comprises a plain region which extends at least from the front screw to the rear screw in a longitudinal direction of the bar.
  • the lower portion of the bar comprises a plain region extending from a right side to a left side in a transverse direction of the bar.
  • a portion of the lower portion which is located behind a rear screw of the at least two screws can be formed so that it moves back to an upper surface of the bar.
  • the replaceable head can be mounted in an indentation formed on the body of the bar which has an H-shaped profile at the bar head end.
  • the at least two screws may be in the form of at least one front screw and at least one rear screw, the front screw being shorter than the rear screw and the front screw engaging in the first machined T-slot. for screws and the rear screw engaging in the second machined T-slot for screws.
  • the T-shaped notch allows easy insertion and removal of the screw heads by moving the screw heads in the direction of the notch. After the introduction, the screw head is locked against movement in the longitudinal direction of the "T".
  • the notch may include a Y-shaped cross section instead of a T-shaped cross section.
  • the ends of the screws can be spot-welded to the nuts of the screws to provide fast manufacturing and durable bonding. Welding produces a bond of material that is more durable than a commitment by friction alone without the need to use other elements like washers.
  • the replaceable head may further be provided with a transport nose mounted on an inclined surface of the replaceable head, particularly a conveying nose having a triangular cross-section.
  • the replaceable head may be provided with a ring nose mounted on a horizontal surface of the replaceable head, especially a ring nose having a triangular cross section.
  • the inclinations of the inclined surfaces of the triangle may be adapted to obtain a defined force on the inclined surfaces to cor- narate the material to be burned.
  • the replaceable head may also be provided with a piece of pyramidal coinage.
  • the screws can be mounted in holes made in the gate bar. Guiding the head against lateral forces can be completed by positive engagement of the replaceable head in an opening of the bar. Thus, the lateral forces on the screws are diminished. To obtain a statically determined connection, it is advantageous in this case to leave a clearance between the screws and the bores.
  • the present application discloses a method for exchanging a replaceable head of a gate bar. This method does not form part of the invention. An old replaceable head is detached from the bar. Projecting parts of the screws which are inserted in the first replaceable head and in openings of a lower part of the bar are sheared. The protruding parts of the screws over the lower part of the bar. Then, the first replaceable head is removed from the bar.
  • a second replaceable head is installed.
  • the installation of the second replaceable head includes the following steps. At least two new screws are inserted in the second replaceable head. The screws are inserted into the openings of the lower part of the bar, nuts are screwed onto projecting parts of the screws and the nuts are tightened.
  • the nuts can be welded with the protruding parts of the screws and / or with the lower surface of the bar, for example by spot welding.
  • the application relates to an arrangement of bars connected to each other by using a coupling element with an oblong hole on the side of a bar and a pin on the adjacent side of a bar.
  • a neighboring bar which has the effect of limiting or avoiding the relative lifting of neighboring bars and tilting and falling broken pieces of bars.
  • FR2599125 describes a gate bar in which the connection between neighboring bars is at the end of the bar.
  • US4240402 discloses an arrangement in which a connection between adjacent bars allows pivotal movement of one bar relative to the other, but does not allow planar longitudinal movement.
  • DE2805712 discloses an arrangement of interconnected rods each having two pinholes disposed at the bar head end and at the barb end of the gate bar, however, only one of the pinholes has an oblong hole to allow the longitudinal movement of the rods. a bar compared to the next bar.
  • FR2599125 discloses an arrangement of grid bars connected to one another where the connection is only located at the end of the bar of the grid bars.
  • DE1783200 discloses an arrangement of grid bars connected to each other wherein the stud is integrated with ribs disposed on the underside of the grid bars.
  • DE911317 discloses an arrangement of interconnected grid bars in which neighboring bars are movable longitudinally with respect to each other, the side of the grid bars being modified to form fastening edges. In this case, however, the longitudinal bonding region is relatively small.
  • the demand gate bars comprise pin notches which are engaged with the horizontally adjacent grid bar nipples for the purpose of providing relative movement of the rods of the rods. grid to improve the transport of the material and to break up the material that has fallen between the grid bars.
  • the nipples may be provided with sharpened surfaces to enhance the fragmentation of material wedged between adjacent bars.
  • the side air slots of the horizontally adjacent grid bars may have opposite inclinations to produce a cutting effect producing fragmentation of the jammed material.
  • the grid bars according to the request comprise an arrangement of two links, one at the end bar attachment and the other at the bar head end of the grid bars, in order to avoid that a piece of broken bar is at risk of fall on the base.
  • US4239029 discloses an arrangement of connected gate bars in which a link is established along the longitudinal axis.
  • DE911317 discloses an arrangement in which the connecting means is at a location along the longitudinal axis of the gate bar.
  • DE2805712B1 relates to a connecting means in which there are two pins, one at the end bar attachment, and one at the bar head end of the gate bar.
  • the sides of the grate bar are provided with lateral air slots, which can be inclined to cut and remove burned material and to produce a self-cleaning of the lateral surface of the gate bar.
  • US4520792 discloses an arrangement of two or more grid bars having sides adapted to have teeth and inter-tooth spaces for fragmenting material resting on the top surface of the gate bars when a gate bar is moving in the longitudinal direction relative to the neighboring gate bar.
  • fragmentation refers to a shredding or mechanical spraying of waste, of the kind used, for example, in the treatment of solid waste and wastewater.
  • DE634810 discloses an arrangement of stationary and movable grid bars which is such that spaces between the sides of the adjacent stationary and mobile bars can change configuration at the same time that the movable bar is moving relative to the stationary bar, thereby cutting the material which fell between the spaces.
  • the application discloses a gate bar having been modified to improve the flow of air in the region below the neighboring gate bars and between them (see more particularly the Fig. 1 , 6, 7 and the Fig. 9 to 11 ).
  • Side air channels or side air ducts or side air slots are provided along the entire length of the gate bar.
  • DE2806974 describes a grid bar with internal channels for the circulation of air.
  • DE102004034322 discloses an arrangement which also allows the flow of air between the grate bars.
  • DE19648128 and EP1315936B1 disclose a gate bar having internal channels in the bar for the circulation of a coolant.
  • WO06117478 , DE9309198 and DE102004032291 disclose a grid bar with integrated vanes below the top surface to define one or more airflow passages in the grid bar.
  • the application discloses improved grate bars usable in a combustion chamber.
  • a grate bar usable in a combustion chamber which comprises an oblong hole at the end bar attachment on a first side of the gate bar.
  • bar attachment refers to the driven side of the bar, which is driven either directly by a movable step, or indirectly through another bar connected to a first side of the gate bar.
  • the oblong hole may have an enclosed shape or it may also consist of two side machined surfaces arranged face to face to form a groove.
  • the gate bar further includes a pin at the bar attachment end on a second side of the gate bar opposite the first side.
  • the oblong hole of the end attachment bar is formed in a longitudinal direction of the gate bar so that a stud of the corresponding bar-attachment end of a first neighboring part can move in the oblong hole of the bar-attachment end in the longitudinal direction relative to the gate bar .
  • the neighboring piece may be another gate bar or a step and the longitudinal direction is the direction in which the gate bar extends the longer.
  • the "ends" are in this case defined by two opposite points where the nipples initially touch the oblong holes when one is rotated relative to the other.
  • the stub of the bar attachment end has a longitudinal shape having a first end and a second end, the height of the stub of the bar attachment end at the first end and the second end being slightly smaller than the height of a corresponding oblong hole of the butt attachment bar from another room next door. More specifically, the other adjacent piece may be disposed on the opposite side of the first adjacent piece.
  • a relative angle of inclination between the neighboring bars is determined by the difference in height between the oblong hole and the stud and the geometrical shape of the stud.
  • the angle of inclination is such that a piece of broken gate bar can not come into contact with the grid mat located below, for example an angle less than 45 °.
  • the grate bar according to the application may further comprise an oblong hole at the end of the bar and a nipple also at the end of the bar.
  • bar head refers to a location near the opposite side to the bar attachment side of the gate bar where the gate bar slides freely on another gate bar.
  • the elongated hole of the bar head end is also made on the first side of the gate bar and the end of the bar head end is preferably located on the second side of the gate bar.
  • the nipple of the bar head end may have the same shape as the nipple of the bar attachment end and the elongated hole of the bar head end may have the same shape as the oblong hole of the bar attachment end.
  • the pins are fixed relative to the bar so as to avoid tilting and raising the bar.
  • the oblong holes can be cast into the mass to form an integral part of one side of the bar.
  • At least one nock for a nipple is adapted to the corresponding nipple of the first adjacent part of the grid so that the oblong hole can only be inclined relative to the nipple of the first adjacent part with an angle of inclination which does not exceed a maximum angle of inclination.
  • at least one lug is fitted in the corresponding nipple notch of the second adjacent piece so that the nipple can be only inclined with respect to the oblong hole of the second adjacent piece with an inclination angle which does not exceed the maximum angle of inclination.
  • a rectangular cross sectional height of the nipple is slightly less than the height of the corresponding oblong hole of the adjacent piece and a width of the rectangular cross section - or a longitudinal distance between the first end and the second end - is greater than the height of the corresponding oblong hole.
  • At least one of the nipples has an octagonal cross-section and a height of the octagonal cross-section is slightly smaller than the height of the corresponding oblong hole of the adjacent piece and a width of a longitudinally aligned nipple surface. in the direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the stud is greater than the height of the corresponding oblong hole.
  • the stud may have two parallel horizontal surfaces and at least one oblique or sharpened surface, that is to say which is inclined at an angle relative to the parallel surfaces.
  • the waste particles are cut by the movement against the sharpened oblique surface while the parallel surfaces ensure alignment of the neighboring grate bars.
  • At least one of the nipples has a bone-shaped cross-section, the bone-shaped cross-section comprises two flared ends, a height of the flared ends being slightly less than the height of the corresponding oblong hole of the spine. next room and one maximum distance between the flared ends being greater than the height of the corresponding oblong hole.
  • the barb end notch notch is formed near the barb attachment end and the second pinhole is provided near the rod bar end of the bar.
  • the bar staple attachment of the gate bar is in contact with a slatted bed frame that can be driven or fixed and the bar head end of the gate bar is in contact with an upper surface of another gate bar.
  • the aforementioned oblong holes may be in the form of a space present between two lateral machined surfaces that extend along the bar.
  • the oblong holes may be in the form of a first oblong hole and a second oblong hole which have a circular cross section or have a rectangular cross section.
  • the oblong hole or the oblong holes may be formed in one or more noses extending from the body of the bar.
  • At least one nipple may comprise a screw for fixing the nipple to the bar.
  • Slots or inclined air ducts may be provided near at least one oblong hole.
  • the bar attachment tip lug may be located at a distance of about 40 cm from the bar head end lug which provides satisfactory support for a typical bar length of about 70-80 cm.
  • the application further discloses a combustion chamber grate comprising an arrangement of grid bars that can be fixed or movable relative to a bed base.
  • the fixed and movable grid bars comprise longitudinal oblong holes and nipples and the nipples of a bar are engaged in the longitudinal oblong holes of a neighboring piece.
  • the arrangement of fixed and movable grid bars comprises rows of fixed bars and movable bars, the fixed and movable bars being arranged alternately.
  • the rows of fixed and movable grid bars are mounted on steps that can be fixed or movable.
  • the step includes nipples that mate with the oblong holes of the grid bars that are adjacent to the step.
  • the step comprises oblong holes that mate with the nipples of the adjacent bars.
  • the application describes a firebox grate bar that includes a first air slot or groove on a first side of the bar, the first air slot being inclined at an angle other than a 90 ° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the bar, which is approximately the direction of the relative movement of the neighboring bars.
  • the inclination of the at least one slot adjacent to the vertical is such that an edge of the first air slot and an edge of a corresponding adjacent air slot of a neighboring piece form a cutting arrangement for particles liable to jam in the region of the first air gap and the adjacent air gap.
  • the inclination with respect to the selected vertical is about 30 °.
  • the gate bar comprises on its first side other air slots which have substantially the same inclination as the first air slot and which extend over the entire length of the first side.
  • the gate bar also includes a second air slot on a second side of the bar that is opposite to the first side.
  • the second air slot has an inclination that is substantially different from that of the first air slot.
  • the inclination of the slots of the second side may also be substantially the same as the inclination of the first air slot.
  • the second side may also include other air slots that have substantially the same inclination as the second air slot and extend the entire length of the second side.
  • the air slot or at least one of the air slots may be provided with a rectangular cross section or also with a cross section in right or round sawtooth.
  • the application also discloses a hearth grate equipped with an arrangement of fixed and movable grate bars which comprise the aforementioned air slots, in particular a grid in which the fixed and movable bars are alternately mounted in horizontal rows and in which horizontal rows of fixed and movable bars are mounted on fixed and movable steps.
  • At least two grid bars adjacent to the arrangement have lateral air slots arranged so that there is a cutting angle between the slots of the air from one of the neighboring bars and the air slots on the other side of the bars.
  • the air slots can be inclined at about 60 ° to the horizontal, which offers a satisfactory compromise between the cutting action and the pneumatic transport of the waste.
  • the surfaces in which the air slots are formed can be machined so that the grids can be placed in a juxtaposed position thereby reducing the amount of waste likely to get stuck.
  • the application also discloses an incinerator fireplace equipped with the aforementioned grid.
  • the fireplace can be supplied with coal, biological materials or other combustion materials with a high heating value and the heat released can be used for electricity generation or for district heating.
  • the application also discloses a waste incinerator equipped with the aforementioned grid.
  • a grid according to the request is used as follows.
  • a mobile step and a fixed step are mounted.
  • a row of alternately fixed and movable bars is mounted on the movable steps and the fixed steps, the horizontally adjacent grid bars are detachably connected via pins which engage in oblong holes.
  • the grid bars are further provided with differently inclined lateral air slots between the adjacent sides of the horizontally adjacent bars.
  • An alternating movement between neighboring grid bars is produced and this movement is used to move the bed bases of the movable steps.
  • the fixed grid bars are moved with the bases of the movable step.
  • a box spring engages in a gap between an attachment nose and a rough side surface of a fixed bar.
  • the movable grid bars are moved relative to the bases of the movable step, a bed base being engaged in the space between a hooking nose of the step and a hooking nose of the movable bar.
  • the particles of material present in a region between the neighboring bars are cut by the edges of the corresponding air slots.
  • the application discloses a firebox grate bar, the grate bar comprising at least one but preferably a plurality of air slots extending along at least one longitudinal side of the grill bar bar. the surface of the bottom of the bar to the surface of the bar so that the combustion gases can flow from below the grate bar above it.
  • the air slots are provided in a side surface of the gate bar which faces a side surface of the neighboring gate bar.
  • the air slots can be rectilinear to allow good airflow and to drive out the jammed material.
  • the air slots are essentially distributed at equal intervals along at least one side.
  • the air slots may form equidistant air slot groups which are substantially evenly distributed along the at least one side.
  • the gate bar comprises at least eight air slots on one of its sides. Ventilation is also possible with fewer air slots, but with eight or more air slots distributed, for example, into three groups of three air slots, ventilation is improved.
  • the air slots may extend from the bottom surface of the bar to the surface of the bar.
  • the upper layer of the bar is relatively thin. This provides air slots that are less likely to be clogged by combustion materials.
  • the air slots are also inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the bar to produce a cutting effect between adjacent bars.
  • the application also discloses a grid consisting of several grid bars with air slots in which at least two adjacent neighboring grid bar surfaces are provided with air slots having different inclinations.
  • the air or flue gas is injected into the combustion material on a fire grate by blowing air or combustion gas into the space below the grate and channeling the air along the grate.
  • lateral surfaces of the gate bars towards the upper surface of the bars.
  • the Fig. 1 shows an arrangement 60 of grid bars 62, 63.
  • the arrangement 60 shows two adjacent grid bars 62, 63.
  • Each gate bar 62, 63 has a front surface 65 and a plurality of side air slots 66.
  • the front surface 65 includes a lower portion of the front of the bar 67 and an oblique upper portion of the front of the bar 68.
  • a cover 70 comprises two upwardly facing surfaces, a horizontal surface 71 and an inclined surface 72 parallel to the oblique upper part of the bar front 68 of the front surface 65.
  • the cover 70 is fixed to the gate bar 62 or 63 by means of screws 74, 75 inserted from below the upper surface 16, as illustrated in FIGS. Fig. 2 to 4 and in the Fig. 28 .
  • the attachment is such that the horizontal surface 71 is contiguous with the upper surface 16 and the parallel inclined surface 72 is contiguous with the upper part of the bar front 68.
  • the side air slots 66 are placed on both longitudinal sides of each gate bar 62, 63.
  • the side air slots extend from the top surface 16 to a vertical portion of the side surface 17.
  • the slots the side air pockets 46 have an angle of inclination with respect to the vertical so that the lateral air slots on one longitudinal side are inclined towards one end of the bar 62 or 63 and the lateral air slots the opposite longitudinal side are inclined towards the other end of the bar 62 or 63.
  • the cover 70 can be removed from the gate bar 62 or 63 by removing the screws 74 and 75.
  • Other embodiments of the cover 70 are represented by the covers 70 ', 70 "or 70'" of the Fig. 2, 3 and 4 .
  • the lateral air slots 66 serve to drive the material debris stuck between the gate bars 62, 63 towards the bottom of the gate bars 62, 63. This flushing of material debris is achieved by moving the air slots. lateral 66 of the neighboring grid bars 62, 63 in opposite directions. Relative motion has a combined action that allows it to transport and fragment material debris. The lateral air slots 46, 47 then channel the fragmented material below the gate bars 10. In addition, the lateral air slots 66 also allow the flow of air from below the gate bars 62, 63 above the upper surface 16 to supply the combustion gas to the material to be burned.
  • the distance between the slots 66 and the width of the slots 66 are adapted such that any material accommodated in the slots 66 is fragmented when the gate bars 62, 63 move relative to one another.
  • the side air slots are mounted on the entire length of the gate bars 62, 63 to feed the flue gas to the entire region of the gate 60.
  • the Fig. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the hood 70 having a conveying nose 174 and a coring nose 175.
  • the conveying nose 174 and the coring nose 175 are longitudinal protruding pieces having a triangular cross section which are aligned perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of a gate bar 80, 120.
  • the transport and interlocking nose are mounted on the non-stationary gate bars, i.e. the movable bars 120, and the fixed gate bars 80 which are attached to a movable step 170, as can be better observed in the Fig. 9 - 11 or in Fig. 18 and 19 .
  • the transport nose assists the recoil movement and the circulation of the waste present on the grid 60.
  • the nose of ringardage meanwhile, assists the movement in advance and the downward movement of the waste present on the grid 60.
  • a short screw 176 and a long screw 180 and their respective screw heads 177, 181 are mounted inside the cover 70, 70 ', 70 ", 70'''.
  • the screws 176, 180 are mounted in T-shaped pieces 179, 182 formed in the cover 70, 70 ', 70 ", 70''', the lower parts of the T-shaped games are formed by two machined notches.
  • the parts of the covers 70 'and 70 '"which are similar to the parts of the hood 70" do not bear separate reference numbers.
  • the width of the empty space 188 for the cover 70 , 70 ', 70 ", 70"', formed in the upper surface 16 is indicated in the Fig. 4 by the width marked by a l.
  • the empty space comprises a machined edge 184.
  • Spaces are provided between the machined L-shaped notches for the screws 178, 183 of the cover 70 and the upper surface 16.
  • the bores made in the upper surface 16 have a width which is greater than the diameter of the screws 176, 180. In this way, the exact alignment of the machined L-shaped notches for screws 178, 183 and screws 176, 180 is not necessary, the alignment being provided by the machined edges 184 and 187 of the empty space.
  • the cover 70 is not provided with a transport nose 174 or a ringing nose 175.
  • a lower portion 133 of the bar comprises at least one front opening 136 for a front screw 176 and a rear opening 137 for a rear screw 180.
  • the head of the bar can be detached from the body of the bar in a simple and effective manner.
  • a cutting or separating tool could be used a grinder, an angle grinder, a saw, or a cutting machine, for example.
  • a plain region 134, 135 of the lower part of the bar which is situated below the head of the bar.
  • the plain region 134, 135 extends at least from the front screw 176 to the rear screw 180 in a longitudinal direction of the bar, and extends from a right side to a left side in a transverse direction of the bar.
  • a portion aft of the rear screw 180 of the lower portion of the bar is formed so that it recedes to the upper surface 16 of the bar to facilitate access from behind with a cutter.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a view from below of Fig. 2 and 3 .
  • the screws 176 and 180 and their respective screw heads 177, 181 are mounted in T-shaped portions 179, 182 in a manner similar to the arrangement of the hooks of a curtain with a curtain rod and are locked against the horizontal movement by a frictional commitment.
  • the portions of the T-shaped portions 179, 182 between the L-shaped machined slots for screws 178, 183 have a width smaller than the diameter of the respective screw heads 181, 177.
  • the Fig. 6 and 7 show a movable grid bar 10.
  • the box spring is not represented at the Fig. 6 and at the Fig. 7 but it can be observed in Fig. 10 - 11 which show a similar grid bar.
  • the movable grate bar 10 has a left side 11, a right side 12, a front surface 13, a bar head end 14 and a bar attachment end 15.
  • the movable gate bar 10 also has an upper surface 16 and a surface
  • the bar attachment end 15 has two hooking noses 18, 19 extending downwardly from the upper surface 16.
  • the upper surface 16 of the movable gate bar 10 is disposed downwardly in the region of the snap nose 18, 19.
  • the upper surface 16 and the side surface 17 extend to the front surface 13 disposed at an angle to the upper surface 16.
  • the front surface 13 has a fixing hole 20.
  • the underside of the front surface, not shown, has a countersunk surface 21.
  • a first replaceable head 22 or a second replaceable head 23 may be removably attached to the front surface 13 by means of a fixing rod 24.
  • the first replaceable head 22 is, viewed from the side, approximately L-shaped, having a left side comprising a lower surface 48 and an upper surface 49 and a bottom, not shown.
  • the underside has an attachment edge 26 at the end of the lower side near the lower surface 48.
  • the first replaceable head 22 has a fixing hole 27 which extends from its upper surface 49 below its upper surface.
  • the lower surface 48 of the first replaceable head 22 is oriented perpendicular to the upper surface 16 of the movable gate bar 10 when mounted on the front surface 13.
  • the upper surface 49 is disposed at an angle to the lower surface 48 of the replaceable head.
  • the second replaceable head 23 which may alternatively be used instead of the first replaceable head 22, is viewed from the side, approximately L-shaped, having a left side and a bottom, not shown.
  • the underside has an attachment edge 26 at the bottom end, not shown, near the left side 25.
  • the second replaceable head 23 has a fixing hole 27 which extends from its left side 25 below its front end.
  • the left side 25 of the second replaceable head 23 is flat and is perpendicular to the upper surface 16 of the movable gate bar 10 when the head is mounted on the front surface 13.
  • the side surface 17 is made up of six regions, a left side surface of the bar attachment end 28, a central side surface 29, a left side surface of the bar head end 30, a right side surface 31, a right central side surface 32, and a right side surface 33 of the bar head end.
  • the left side surface of the bar attachment end 28, the left central side surface 29, the left side surface 30, the right side surface of the bar attachment end 31, the right central side surface 32 and the right side surface of the bar head end 33 are in the form of ribs whose transverse thickness is less than the thickness of the other parts of the lateral surface 17.
  • the surfaces of the regions 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, which serve to reinforce the stability and which compensate the flexions under loads, are rough machining.
  • the surfaces of the left side 11, the right side 12, and the side surface 17 are machined.
  • the left and right regions of the end of the bar attachment end 28, 31 of the side surface 17 comprise a first control nose of the bar 34 and a second control nose of the bar 35 which both extend downwards from the lower surface, not shown, of the lateral surface 17.
  • the first control nose of the bar 34 and the second control nose of the bar 35 have an identical shape and they constitute the left side and the rear side, not shown, of the lateral surfaces left and right 28, 31 of the bar attachment end.
  • the left and right regions of the bar end attachment 28, 31 of the side surface further include an attachment hole 37 extending from the left side surface of the butt attachment end 28 to the right side surface of the attachment end. 31.
  • the end end 36 of the first control nose 34 and the second control nose 35 of the bar is arranged to be perpendicular to the upper surface 16 of the movable gate bar 10 and faces the front surface 13 .
  • a first pin notch 38 is disposed on the left side 11 of the side surface 17 and is located longitudinally between the left side surface of the bar attachment end 28 and the left central lateral surface 29.
  • the first socket notch 38 has a bore 39 extending axially from the bar head end 14 to the bar attachment end 15 of the movable gate bar 10.
  • a second notch for pin 40 is disposed on the left side 11 of the side surface 17 and is located longitudinally between the left central lateral surface 29 and the left side surface of the bar head end 30.
  • the second pin notch 40 has a axially extending bore 41 from bar end 14 to bar end 15 of movable gate bar 10.
  • a first coupling member 42 is formed in the right side 12 of the side surface 17 and is located longitudinally between the right side surface of the bar head end 31 and the right central lateral surface 32.
  • the first coupling member 42 comprises a first oblong hole 43 extending in the axis from the bar head end 14 to the bar attachment end 15 of the movable gate bar 10.
  • a second coupling element 44 is formed in the right side 12 of the lateral surface 17 and is located longitudinally between the right lateral surface of the bar head end 33 and the right central lateral surface 32.
  • the second coupling element 44 comprises a second oblong hole 45 which extends in the axis from the bar head end 14 to the end bar attachment 15 of the movable gate bar 10.
  • a first set of three lateral air slots 46 extends from the left side 11 of the upper surface 16 to the left central lateral surface 29.
  • the first set of side air slots 46 has an angle of inclination with respect to the vertical.
  • a second set of side air slots 47 extends from the left side 11 of the upper surface 16 to the left side surface of the bar attachment end 30.
  • the second set of side air slots 47 has the same angle of inclination with respect to the vertical than the first set of lateral air slots 46.
  • the side air slots 46 and 47 of the Fig. 7 are similar to the air slots 66 shown in FIG. Fig. 1 and the air slots 95 shown in the Fig. 9 .
  • the air slots of the grid bars can be better observed in Fig. 15, 16 and 17 .
  • an angle of inclination of the air slots of about 60 ° to the vertical is indicated for this embodiment.
  • the movable grate bar 10 further includes a removable nipple nose 50 which is attached to the bar head end of the upper surface 16.
  • the nock 50 has four surfaces, inclined respectively to the front surface 13, the left side 11, the right side 12 and the bar attachment end 15 of the movable grid bar 10.
  • the ringing nose 50 can be fixed to the upper surface 16 by a nut and a screw 160 as shown in the Fig. 8 .
  • each movable bar 10 is aligned with a fixed bar which is horizontally adjacent to it so that its left side 11, 17 is contiguous with the right side 12, 17 of the adjacent fixed bar.
  • "fixed” refers to the relative movement relative to a step or a bed base, which means that a fixed gate bar moves in solidarity with the bed frame during the course of the bed base.
  • the ring nose 50 is used to improve the mixing of the material to be burned and its transport speed. It is designed so that it can be replaced without having to replace the entire movable bar 10.
  • the first pin-notch 38 is engaged with the first slot 43 and the second pin-notch 40 is engaged with the second slot 45.
  • the first and second pin-notches 38, 40 are move in the first oblong holes 43, 45 respectively in the axis of extension of the oblong holes 43, 45.
  • the relative movement of the neighboring bars in the longitudinal axis is possible.
  • the fact that the notches for nipple and nipples are in engagement allows the broken bar to continue to move relative to the next bar and avoids, therefore, the jamming of the system.
  • the upper surface 16 serves to receive the material to be burned and to improve the combustion of the material.
  • the left and right central side surfaces 29, 32 allow a combustion gas such as air from the space below the grate bar to access the upper surface 16.
  • the left and right central lateral surfaces 29, 32 act as cooling fins of the upper surface by effecting a heat transfer from the upper surface 16 to the left and right central lateral surfaces 29, 32.
  • the left and right central side surfaces 29, 32 allow the movable grate bar 10 to benefit from the flow of gas in the region below the bar 10. This provides efficient heat transfer, which prolongs the life of the grate. gate bar 10.
  • the side air slots 46, 47 serve to allow the combustion air to pass through the grate bars 10 to join the fuel into the hearth and to transport the material which is wedged between the grate bars to the bottom. gate bars 10.
  • the side air slots 46, 47 provide the advantages of self-cleaning of the jammed materials in the upper surface 16 and the supply of gas to the upper surface 16 of the grate bar 10.
  • the side air slots 46, 47 are advantageously formed in the left central lateral surface 11, 17 and in the lateral surface of the bar head end 12, 17, respectively. This provides airflow between the upper surface 16 and the space below the gate bar 10.
  • the first replaceable head 22 or the second replaceable head 23 is used to push the feed material forward to be burned.
  • the first replaceable head 22 as the second replaceable head 23 is designed to be removable from the front surface 13 of the gate bar 10 for ease of maintenance.
  • a removable cover 70, 71, 72 may be mounted on the gate bar 10 in place of the replaceable head.
  • the removable cover 70, 71, 72 can be mounted and removed more easily than the first and second replaceable heads 22, 23.
  • the removable quality of the first and second replaceable heads 22, 23 offers the advantage of not having to replace the entire gate bar when only the front surface is worn. This reduces hardware costs and downtime of the system.
  • the front surface of the gate bar 10 is particularly subject to wear.
  • the removable quality of replaceable heads 22, 23 allows also to use replaceable heads of different types.
  • the attachment rim 26 is engaged with the milled surface 21.
  • a fixation rod 24 is inserted through the attachment hole 27 the first replaceable head 22 or the second replaceable head 23 and engaged in the fixing hole 20.
  • the Fig. 8 shows an arrangement for fixing a ring nose 50 at the end of the bar of a gate bar.
  • the gate bar comprises a barrel body 190 which has a shape similar to an I-beam.
  • the barrel body 190 has two ribs which extend downward.
  • the upper indentation of the I serves to receive the replaceable head and behind the replaceable head, as for the coring nose, the barrel body 190 is formed as a surface from which two or more ribs extend towards the low.
  • a bore 194 is formed in the barrel body 190 to accommodate a screw 191.
  • a screw thread 192 is formed in the lower surface of the coring nose 50.
  • the screw thread 192 comprises a flared hole for a screw 193.
  • a head of screw 191 is mounted in the flare hole for screw 193 of the screw thread 192 and a nut 160 is mounted at the bottom of the barrel body 190.
  • a screw 191 is inserted in the bore 194 in the barrel body 190 and in the thread of screw 192 of the ringing nose 50 so that the screw 191 passes through the nut 160.
  • the nut 160 is then spot welded to the screw 191.
  • the Fig. 9 illustrates a side view of a fixed gate bar 80 having an upper surface 81 and 96, a front surface 82, a side machined surface 83, 93, 94 and a bed base 84.
  • the bed base includes the portions 90, 91, 92.
  • the upper surface 81 is modified to form an attachment nose 85 extending downwardly.
  • the lateral machined surface 83, 93, 94 has on one of its longitudinal sides three modified regions in which the thickness of the lateral machined surface 83 is reduced. These regions are a gross side surface 86, a gross central surface 87 and a rough side surface 88. These reduced thickness surfaces 86, 87 and 88 extend from the bottom surface of the bar 89 of the machined lateral surface.
  • 83, 93, 94 at a point between the lower face of the bottom surface of the bar 89 and the upper surface 81, so that the thickness of the upper surface 81 is not reduced.
  • the bed base 84 has a horizontal portion of the bed base 90 and a vertical portion of the bed base 91. One end of the horizontal portion of the bed base 90 extends from the intermediate portion of the vertical portion of the bed base 91. An attachment nose 92 the vertical portion of the bed base 91 is adapted to support the bar attachment portion of the fixed gate bar 80.
  • the bed base 84 may be constituted by the cross section of a carrier beam.
  • a machined left side surface 93 of the fixed bar 80 has a machined left surface extending from the bar attachment end to the bar head end of the stationary bar 80.
  • the machined left surface 94 has a plurality of inclined lateral air slots 95 The inclined lateral air slots 95 extend from the bar surface 96 of the stationary bar 80 to the lower bar surface 98 of the fixed bar 80.
  • the machined left surface 94 has a first pin hole 100 disposed between the surface 86 and the gross central surface 87 and a second pin hole 101 disposed between the gross central surface 87 and the rough lateral surface of the head of the bar 88.
  • a right side, not shown, of the fixed bar 80 has a machined straight surface extending from the bar attachment end to the bar head end of the fixed bar 80.
  • the machined straight surface has a plurality of air slots.
  • inclined lateral sides 126 which have an inclination opposite that of the air slots 95. These inclined lateral air slots 126 extend from the bar surface 96 of the fixed bar 80 to the low bar surface 98 of the fixed bar 80.
  • the machined straight surface comprises a first pin hole, not shown, disposed between the rough lateral surface 86 and the gross central surface 87 and a second pin hole, not shown, disposed between the raw central surface 87 and the rough lateral surface of bar head end 88.
  • first and second holes for nipple are practiced on the side of the gate bar that is not represented at the Fig. 9 .
  • the left and right inclined lateral air slots are inclined at an angle to the vertical.
  • the inclination of all the air slots of one type of gate bar is oriented in one direction while the inclination of the air slots of the other type of gate bar is oriented in the direction opposite. Therefore, the inclination of the air slots is the same for both sides of a grid bar of a given type.
  • the Fig. 10 and 11 show a side view of another embodiment of a movable gate bar 120 in first and second positions respectively.
  • the gate bar 120 comprises parts similar to the parts of the fixed gate bar 80 of the Fig. 9 .
  • the upper surface 81 of the bar 120 is modified at the end bar attachment so as to form a hooking nose 122.
  • a relative play nose 124 is disposed downwardly at the bar end attachment of the bar 120 and extends therethrough downward from a lower side of the side machined surface 83.
  • the snap nose 122 and a vertical portion of the relative play nose 124 define a space in which the snap nose 92 of the vertical portion 91 of the box spring 84 can move.
  • the movement 196 is such that the snap nose 92 may be contiguous to the nose for relative play 124, as illustrated at Fig. 10 , or the snap nose 122, as illustrated in the Fig. 11 .
  • the fixed grid bars 80 according to the Fig. 9 are fixed relative to the bed base 84. Therefore, if a fixed bar 80 is placed horizontally adjacent to a movable bar 120, a relative movement between the bars 80 and 120 will be created during operation.
  • the machined left surface 94 of the movable bar 120 has a plurality of inclined lateral air slots 126.
  • the inclined lateral air slots 126 extend from the bar surface 96, from the movable bar 120 to the bottom bar surface. 98, of the movable bar 120.
  • a right side, not shown, of the gate bar 120 has a machined straight surface, not shown, extending from the bar attachment end to the bar head end of the gate bar 120.
  • the machined left surface comprises a plurality inclined lateral air slots 126, not shown. These inclined lateral air slots 126 extend from the barrel surface 96, movable bar 120, to the barrel low surface 98, of the movable bar 120.
  • the inclined lateral air slots 95 or 126 are inclined at an angle to the vertical so that the inclined lateral air slots 95 on both sides of the gate bar 80 or of the gate bar 120 are inclined in the same direction, respectively.
  • the inclined lateral air slots 126 of the bar 120 of the Fig. 10 and 11 have an inclination opposite that of the inclined lateral air slots 95 of the fixed bar 80 of the Fig. 9 .
  • the movable bar 120 may be provided with two identical play noses 124 to provide lateral stability, as illustrated in FIG. Fig. 33 .
  • the fixed bars 80 and the movable bars 120 may be supported by different bed bases 84.
  • each bed base 84 is designed to support a plurality of gate bars 80 and 120.
  • the bars of the plurality of gate bars 80 and 120 are arranged so that a fixed bar 80 is placed in position. horizontally adjacent to a movable bar 120, as illustrated in FIG. Fig. 25 .
  • the bed base 84 serves to move the gate bars 80 or 120 in a back-and-forth motion in the longitudinal direction of the gate bars 80 or 120, respectively.
  • the back-and-forth is used to stir the material that is placed on the surface 96 of the bars 80, 120 for its combustion.
  • the bed 84 performs a stroke from a first end to a second end.
  • the hooking nose 92 of the vertical portion 91 of the bed 84 is then in abutment against the lateral machined surface 83 of the movable bar 120 so as to move the movable bar 120 in the same direction as the bed 84.
  • the snap nose 92 is also in abutment against the nose game 124 of the fixed bar 80 so as to move it in the same direction, as illustrated in FIG. Fig. 10 .
  • the bed 84 travels from the second end to the first end.
  • the snap nose 92 of the vertical portion 91 of the bed 84 abuts against the attachment nose 85 of the fixed bar 80 so as to move the fixed bar 80 in the same direction as the bed 84.
  • the nose hooking 92 is also in abutment against the attachment nose of the movable bar 120 to move it in the same direction in a subsequent time, as shown in FIG. Fig. 11 .
  • This delay is due to the time taken by the snap nose 92 to move in the space between the nose game 124 and the snap nose 122.
  • the movable bar 120 in the backward movement step, the movable bar 120 will begin to move past the fixed bar 80. Similarly, in the subsequent step of forward movement, the movable bar 120 will begin to move after the fixed bar 80. The back-and-forth steps are repeated. This movement provides fragmentation and transport of the material to be burned.
  • the lateral, inclined, left air slots 95 of the fixed bar 80 are designed to cooperate with the lateral, inclined, straight air slots 126 of the bar 120 so as to receive and to fragment the combustion material, at the same time as the gate bars 80 and 120 move relative to one another in the manner described above.
  • the reception of the burned material may be in a first position, when the upper end of the side, inclined, straight air slots 126 and the upper end lateral, inclined, left air slots 95 are aligned or coincident with each other, as illustrated in FIG. Fig. 15 .
  • a relative play air volume 130 which is defined by an intersection of the inclined air slots, moves up and down during operation. Larger particles of material that are trapped in the air slots 95, 126 rise up and down in the relative play air volume 130 until they are driven below or below the bars of the air. grid or until they are broken up into smaller particles. The smaller particles trapped in the air slots fall through the air slots 95, 126 below the grate bars and / or they are fragmented as well.
  • the cutting of the material which is stuck in the air slots 95, 126 occurs when the side edges of the adjacent air slots 95, 126 move toward each other.
  • the relative movement of two adjacent air slots 95, 126 provides an increase in cutting forces due to the angular relationship between the cutting forces and the inclination of the air slots 95, 126.
  • a corresponding cutting angle ⁇ indicated in the Fig. 16 is about 90 ° in this embodiment. This angle may be less than 90 ° to facilitate the pneumatic transport of the material.
  • the pushing force of the moving step is converted into a normal cutting force which is perpendicular to the air slots 95, 126 and in a forward force which is parallel to the air slots 95, 126. This has the effect of improving the cleaning of the air slots 95, 126.
  • the Fig. 12, 13 and 14 are cross-sectional views of several embodiments of the air slots 95, 126 of the gate bars.
  • the cross sections have shapes that can be rectangular, straight sawtooth and rounded sawtooth.
  • the air slots 95, 126 having a rectangular cross-section are shown in FIG. Fig. 12 are particularly advantageous. They provide good airflow, cutting edges on both sides and are easy to machine. To obtain good airflow, it is furthermore advantageous to have air slots in the form of the air slots 95, 126 on the surface which abuts against the adjacent bar on at least the longest part of the longitudinal extension of this surface, as shown in Fig. 9 and 10 .
  • the cross section of an air gap is calculated by applying the following formula.
  • a gas flow model is used to calculate the sum of all cross sections of the air slots of a gate bar so that the total cross section is of a size sufficient to debit a quantity of air. combustion air corresponding to the gas flow pattern.
  • the cross section of each air slot is then obtained by dividing the total cross-section by the number of air slots and applying a correction factor of 1 / 0.6 - 1 / 0.85 or 1/0, 7 - 1 / 0.85 which takes into account the resistance of the air slot depending on the shape of said air slot.
  • the Fig. 18 shows a cross-section of a recoil gate 161 of a waste incinerator.
  • the movements of the grid bars are indicated by arrows as well as by the representation of the movement of a spreader 173.
  • all grid bars are stationary bars 80.
  • the horizontally adjacent bars, which are located at the front of the cross-sectional view shown and at the rear of the cross-sectional view shown are the movable grid bars 120 which can be better observed at the Fig. 19 .
  • a set of driven fixed gate bars 80 which includes each second fixed bar 80 is supported by a movable step 170.
  • a set of unmotivated fixed bars 80 which includes each intermediate fixed bar is supported by a fixed step 171.
  • the movable step 170 and the fixed step 171 comprises T-shaped bed bases.
  • the steps 170, 171 may be formed such that the T-shaped bed bases 84 are produced by the cross section of the steps 170, 171.
  • the driven fixed bar assembly is moved back-and-forth by the T-shaped bed bases 84 of the movable steps 170 while the non-driven stationary bar assembly is held in position. position by the T-shaped bed bases 84 of the fixed steps 171.
  • the horizontally adjacent bars constitute a set of movable bars driven and a set of movable bars non-driven which comprise each second movable bar 120 and each intermediate movable bar 120, respectively.
  • the movable runner assembly is supported by the movable step 170 and the non-driven moving runner assembly is supported by the fixed step 171.
  • the driven moving bar assembly 120 is moved back-and-forth by the T-shaped bedsteads 84 as the non-driven bar set 120 is moved in one motion. back-and-forth movement through the play nose 124 of the driven moving bar assembly 120 and the weight of the gate bars 120.
  • the movable rungs 120 of the non-driven runner assembly 120 may move between a high position and a low position which is determined by the space between the snap nose 122 and the play nose 124 in which engages the T-shaped bed 84.
  • the bed bases 84 of the driven bar assemblies are connected to a zigzag beam 172 which is itself connected to a connecting rod 162.
  • the connecting rod 162 is in turn connected to a motor (not shown) which produces a movement of va-et- comes via the lifter 173.
  • the Fig. 19 shows three successive moving bars 120.
  • the movable bars 120 lower and upper rest on a fixed step 171 and the mobile bar 120 of the middle rests on a movable step 170.
  • the view shows how the upper mobile bar 120 rests on the nose for clearance 124 of the mobile bar 120 of the medium.
  • the Fig. 20 is a side view of another embodiment of the grid bar of the Fig. 9 .
  • the Fig. 20 represents a gate bar 140, which comprises parts similar to those of the fixed bar 80 of the Fig. 9 .
  • the bar 140 includes a first and a second coupling member 142, 144 and their corresponding elongated holes 146, 148, respectively.
  • the oblong holes 146, 148 are engaged with the nipples 150, 152 respectively, as illustrated in FIGS. Fig. 21 and 22 .
  • the Fig. 21 shows a first cross-section of a gate bar 140 near the pin 152 of the bar attachment end while the Fig. 22 shows a second cross section of the gate bar 140 near the stud 150 of the bar head end.
  • the cross section of the bar head end is wider than the cross section of the bar attachment end shown in FIG. Fig. 21 .
  • the cross sections of the Fig. 21 and some Fig. 22 can, however, be equal.
  • the pins 150, 152 can enter the oblong holes 146, 148 of the coupling elements 142, 144.
  • the Fig. 23 shows a top view of a fixed bar 80, a movable bar 120 and another fixed bar 80 '.
  • the fixed bar 80 is movably supported at a fixed step 171 by means of pins, not shown in FIG. Fig. 23 .
  • An inclusion between the bar 102 is wedged between the fixed bar 80 and the movable bar 120.
  • the inclusion between the bars 102 is wider than the reduced space present between the fixed bar 80 and the movable bar 120 and causes a deformation of the movable bar 120 and the adjacent fixed bar 80 'to the right, in the direction of the deformation lines 103, 103'.
  • a deformation moment is, therefore, exerted on the gate bars 120, 80 'with the strongest stress in the region of the deformation line.
  • the moment of deformation may eventually lead to a breakage of the movable bar 120.
  • the thermal stresses increase the wear of the grid bars 120, 80 'which are usually made of cast iron. Cast iron is a relatively brittle material and it does not bend easily under the effect of deformation forces.
  • the Fig. 24 shows a broken gate bar 120 which is supported by the pins 150, 152 which are engaged in the oblong holes 146, 148 of the adjacent bar 80 and by the pins 150, 152 of the adjacent bar 80 'which are engaged in the holes oblongs 146, 148 of the broken bar.
  • the breaking line of the broken bar extends between the nipples of the broken bar and is represented by a zigzag line.
  • the first piece of the broken bar is held in place by the nipples 152 on both sides of the first piece of the broken bar and the second piece of the broken bar is held in place by the nipples 150 on both sides of the second piece of broken bar.
  • the fall of the broken bar pieces is avoided and the operation of the incinerator can continue.
  • the broken bar pieces are not excessively damaged, they remain together, which prevents the material from falling between separate pieces of broken bar.
  • the holes for nipples and / or the nipples can be mounted on the side walls of the grid.
  • the Fig. 25 shows a front view of a horizontal row of grid bars.
  • the fixed bars 80 are alternately mounted with the movable bars 120.
  • the fixed bars 80 are engaged with the movable bars 120 by the nipples 150 and the nipple holes 146 which are shown in phantom.
  • the Fig. 26 shows a side view of an embodiment of the bar 80 of the Fig. 25 .
  • the Fig. 26 represents a stud 150 which is in this case an octagonal modified stud 157.
  • the oblong hole and the coupling element 142 of the broken bar of the Fig. 25 are represented in broken lines.
  • the octagonal modified stud 157 is engaged in the oblong hole 150 of the broken bar.
  • the two pieces of broken bar 80 swing under the effect of their own weight until the oblong hole 150 is in contact with the two opposite edges F of the octagonal modified stud 157 which prevents them from tilting further.
  • the two points of contact are indicated by the arrows F.
  • pin 150 experiences shear forces when engaged with a corresponding nipple hole.
  • the octagonal modified nipple 157 provides a greater contact area with the corresponding nipple hole, thereby reducing wear caused by shear forces.
  • the material which is wedged between the bars is moved against the octagonal modified stud 157.
  • the edges of the octagonal stud provide a cutting effect.
  • the four surfaces of the octagonal modified stud 157 which are inclined relative to the horizontal divert the material upwardly and downwardly when the latter comes into contact with the modified stud 157. This provides an improved self-cleaning. oblong hole 146.
  • the Fig. 27 to 29 illustrate different views of the grid bar of the Fig. 1 . Parts that are similar in the Fig. 27 and 33 and in Figs. are not marked with separate reference numbers.
  • the Fig. 30 shows a sectional view taken in the axis AA of the bar head of the bar of the Fig. 28 .
  • the Fig. 31 shows a sectional view taken in the axis BB of the second nipple of the bar of the Fig. 28 .
  • the Fig. 32 shows a sectional view taken in the axis CC of the first nipple of the bar of the Fig. 28 .
  • the Fig. 33 shows a sectional view taken in the axis DD of the first and second noses for playing the bar of the Fig. 28 .
  • the Fig. 31 and 32 show cross-sectional views of the grate bar at points along the bar where the nipples are located.
  • the oblong holes 43, 45 of the Fig. 6 are represented while the corresponding nipples 38, 40 of the Fig. 6 are omitted for reasons of clarity.
  • the nipples are removable, as was shown in Fig. 9 and 10 .
  • the Fig. 34 shows a top view of mounting a row of gate bars 80, 120 in a step.
  • the first Lateral bar 105 and the second lateral bar 106 of a step and the attachment nose 92 of a T-section of the step are shown from above.
  • the method of assembly is essentially the same for the mobile stands and for the fixed stands.
  • one of the side bars 105, 106 is bent to spread by means of a lever, not shown in the drawings.
  • the last lateral bar 106 is bent outwards.
  • the bars of a row of fixed and movable bars 80, 120 to be mounted alternately, are then inserted, one after the other.
  • the studs 150, 152 of a bar are inserted in the respective oblong holes 42, 45 of the neighboring left bar or the first lateral bar 105.
  • the pressure exerted by the lever is released so that the last side bar 106 can return inwardly.
  • the order of arrangement of the pins 150, 152 and oblong holes is reversed.
  • the order of arrangement of the fixed and movable bars in a row is reversed.
  • the alternating arrangement of the fixed and movable bars can also be chosen so that there is always a fixed bar 80 next to the first lateral bar 105 and the last lateral bar 106.
  • the gate bars 80 can then be attached to the first lateral bar 105 and the last lateral bar 106. In this case, it is preferable to use an odd number of grid bars in a row.
  • the bars can also be inserted in groups.
  • the Fig. 35 shows another embodiment of a stud 150 'of a gate bar.
  • the stud 150 ' has the shape of a bone with a rod 197 in the middle. This form can be chosen, for example, to reduce weight.
  • the nipple hole is formed of two notches for nipples 198, 199 which extend along the length of a neighboring bar 80.
  • the notches for nipples 198, 199 form between them a track having a height H.
  • the pin 150 ' has front surfaces 200 and sharpened surfaces 201.
  • the pin 150' comprises two relative movement ends 202, 203 which are defined by the maximum vertical extension h perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pin 150 '.
  • the distance between the ends of relative movement is indicated by a length l and the vertical extension for relative movement is indicated by a height h.
  • the Fig. 36 shows a cross-sectional view of two adjacent bars 80, 120 which comprise the second coupling element 142 'and the stud 150'.
  • the bar comprising the pin 150 ' is represented as a moving bar and the bar comprising the second coupling element 142' is represented as a fixed bar 80.
  • the Fig. 37 shows another modification in which a third coupling element 142 "has a dimension greater than that of a stud 150" on the opposite side of a bar 80.
  • the stud 150 "' has a larger dimension than that of the coupling element 142 "'which corresponds to the coupling element 142" and the stud 150 ", respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Roststab (10, 80, 120) für eine Feuerungsanlage, aufweisend einen austauschbaren Kopf am vorderen Ende des Roststabs (10, 80, 120), wobei der austauschbare Kopf durch mindestens zwei Schrauben (176, 180) an dem Roststab befestigt ist, die Schraubenköpfe ausweisen, die in eine erste Schrauben-Nut (179) und in eine zweite Schrauben-Nut (182) eingreifen, die in Form eines T gefertigt sind, und die in dem austauschbaren Kopf vorgesehen sind, wobei ein unterer Bereich des Roststabs (10, 80, 120), der Öffnungen für die Schrauben (176, 180) aufweist, um die Öffnungen herum ebene Bereiche (134, 135) aufweist, die ausreichend groß sind, um einen freien Zugang eines Winkelschleifers zu ermöglichen, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass
    der Roststab (10, 80, 120) außerdem eine erste Stufe und eine zweite Stufe aufweist, wobei der austauschbare Kopf zwischen der ersten Stufe und der zweiten Stufe eines Zwischenraums des Roststabs so montiert ist, dass die erste Stufe und die zweite Stufe die Schubkräfte aufnehmen und die Schrauben weniger starken Spannungen ausgesetzt sind.
  2. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß Anspruch 1,
    wobei die zwei Schrauben eine vordere Schraube (176) und eine hintere Schraube (180) aufweisen, wobei der untere Bereich des Roststabs (10, 80, 120) einen ebenen Bereich aufweist, der sich zumindest von der vorderen Schraube (176) zu der hinteren Schraube (180) in einer Längsrichtung des Roststabs (10, 80, 120) erstreckt.
  3. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2,
    wobei der untere Bereich des Roststabs (10, 80, 120) einen ebenen Bereich aufweist, der sich von einer rechten Seite zu einer linken Seite in einer Querrichtung des Roststabs (10, 80, 120) erstreckt.
  4. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    wobei ein Bereich des unteren Bereichs, der hinter einer hinteren Schraube (180) angeordnet ist, so ausgeformt ist, dass er zu einer oberen Fläche des Roststabs (10, 80, 120) hin zurückweicht.
  5. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei der austauschbare Kopf in einer Vertiefung montiert ist, die auf dem Körper des Roststabs ausgeformt ist, wobei der Körper am Kopfende ein H-Profil aufweist.
  6. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die zwei montierten Schrauben (176, 180) zumindest eine vordere Schraube (176) und eine hintere Schraube (180) aufweisen, wobei die vordere Schraube (176) in die vordere Schrauben-Nut, die in Form eines T gefertigt ist, eingreift, und wobei die hintere Schraube (180) in die zweite Schrauben-Nut, die in Form eines T gefertigt ist, eingreift.
  7. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Schrauben (176, 180) durch Punktschweißen an dem Roststab (10, 80, 120) angeschweißt sind.
  8. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    wobei der austauschbare Kopf mit einer Transportnase versehen ist, die auf einer geneigten Fläche des austauschbaren Kopfes montiert ist.
  9. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß Anspruch 8, wobei die Transportnase einen dreieckigen Querschnitt hat.
  10. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei der austauschbare Kopf mit einer Schürnase versehen ist, die auf einer horizontalen Oberfläche des austauschbaren Kopfes montiert ist.
  11. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß Anspruch 10, wobei die Schürnase einen dreieckigen Querschnitt hat.
  12. Roststab (10, 80, 120) gemäß Anspruch 10,
    wobei der austauschbare Kopf mit einer Schürnase versehen ist, die eine Pyramidenform hat.
  13. Roststab gemäß (10, 80, 120) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schrauben (176, 180) in Bohrungen montiert sind, die so in den Roststab (10, 80, 120) eingelassen sind, dass ein Spiel zwischen den Schrauben (176, 180) und den Bohrungen bleibt.
EP11774069.6A 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Roststab für einen verbrennungsofen mit auswechselbarem kopf Not-in-force EP2614306B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1014974.8A GB2483479A (en) 2010-09-09 2010-09-09 Furnace grate bars
PCT/FR2011/052070 WO2012032278A1 (fr) 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Barreau de grille pour un foyer de combustion avec une tète remplaçable.

Publications (2)

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EP2614306A1 EP2614306A1 (de) 2013-07-17
EP2614306B1 true EP2614306B1 (de) 2017-06-21

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EP11776245.0A Active EP2614304B1 (de) 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Roststab für einen ofen mit luftkanälen
EP11776246.8A Active EP2614305B1 (de) 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Roststab für einen ofen mit einrastvorrichtungen

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EP11776246.8A Active EP2614305B1 (de) 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Roststab für einen ofen mit einrastvorrichtungen

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EP (3) EP2614306B1 (de)
GB (1) GB2483479A (de)
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GB2483479A (en) 2012-03-14
US20130167762A1 (en) 2013-07-04
US20180087773A1 (en) 2018-03-29
US9371996B2 (en) 2016-06-21
SG188478A1 (en) 2013-04-30
WO2012032278A1 (fr) 2012-03-15
US10670266B2 (en) 2020-06-02
US20130171575A1 (en) 2013-07-04
WO2012032490A1 (en) 2012-03-15
WO2012032492A1 (en) 2012-03-15
EP2614304A1 (de) 2013-07-17
US9803858B2 (en) 2017-10-31
SG188477A1 (en) 2013-04-30
GB201014974D0 (en) 2010-10-20
EP2614306A1 (de) 2013-07-17
EP2614305A1 (de) 2013-07-17
EP2614304B1 (de) 2016-03-09
EP2614305B1 (de) 2016-08-17

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