EP2607640B1 - Dispositif d'actionnement pour installations de gaz d'échappement actives et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Dispositif d'actionnement pour installations de gaz d'échappement actives et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607640B1
EP2607640B1 EP12194799.8A EP12194799A EP2607640B1 EP 2607640 B1 EP2607640 B1 EP 2607640B1 EP 12194799 A EP12194799 A EP 12194799A EP 2607640 B1 EP2607640 B1 EP 2607640B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
arrangement
exhaust system
actuator arrangement
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12194799.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2607640A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Drees
Hubert Bichler
Christian Mayer
Robert Mirlach
Julius Rachor
Pagra Dr.Truman Sutanto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP2607640A1 publication Critical patent/EP2607640A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
    • F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/14—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by adding air to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F01N2270/02—Mixing air with exhaust gases for cooling exhaust gases or the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F01N2270/06—Mixing air with exhaust gases for silencing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/30—Tubes with restrictions, i.e. venturi or the like, e.g. for sucking air or measuring mass flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/10—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1406—Exhaust gas pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an active exhaust system with actuator arrangement according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for operating the same.
  • the muffler In addition to the pure reduction of combustion noise, the muffler but also used to a sound design and this usually equipped with additional resonators or absorption mufflers and reflection mufflers.
  • Such exhaust systems include, for example, a pre-muffler (VSD), a center muffler (MSD) and a rear muffler (NSD) and can be single or double-flow, depending on the engine type. Double-flow exhaust systems can also have a cross-talk station.
  • VSD pre-muffler
  • MSD center muffler
  • NSD rear muffler
  • Double-flow exhaust systems can also have a cross-talk station.
  • actuators are used in a so-called “active" exhaust systems to further influence combustion noise or to a further sound design.
  • These actuators are usually arranged in the flow direction of the exhaust gas behind the last muffler and gas-conducting connected by means of a branch pipe with the exhaust system of the exhaust system.
  • Such an arrangement allows a targeted generation of defined sound waves. These can be fed via the branch pipe to the sound waves originating from the combustion in the engine, ie the combustion noise. In this way, the perceptible to a tailpipe of the exhaust system noise can be influenced by the actuator-generated sound waves.
  • the loudspeaker of the actuator comprises electrical components and heat-sensitive magnets, which are specified up to a temperature of 100 ° C or even up to 150 ° C, depending on the component. When exposed to higher temperatures, the components are damaged or even unusable. These temperatures are thus well below an operating temperature of conventional exhaust systems, which can easily be several hundred degrees. To make matters worse, this means that there is less space required, which requires an immediate spatial proximity of the heat-sensitive actuator and the hot exhaust system.
  • the actuator - as described - by means of a gas-conducting connecting pipe with the exhaust line of the To connect exhaust system and thus space the actuator spatially from this heat source.
  • the physical principle of a stationary air column in the connecting pipe for sound transmission from the actuator is used in the exhaust system.
  • the standing air column - at least in the ideal case - no air exchange with the flowing past in the connection area hot exhaust gas, so that it can be kept away from the actuator.
  • the thermal load of the actuator is supported by an additional heat conduction from the exhaust line to the connecting pipe and via this to the standing air column or the actuator, so that the actuator is exposed to an additional thermal load. This is particularly important with reduced or missing external cooling air due to a lack of vehicle flow, so for example when driving slowly or a stoppage of the vehicle after a full load or a slow ascent, of importance.
  • Another disadvantageous effect of the known arrangement is due to the fact that the described described in the mouth region negative pressure range via the connecting tube also provides for a negative pressure on the front side of the actuator facing the exhaust gas. Since a pressure prevailing at the same time on the rear side of the actuator remote therefrom is essentially unchanged and thus above the pressure on the front side, the resulting pressure difference results in a diaphragm of the actuator being deflected in the direction of the exhaust gas line. As a result, a control of the actuator and an efficiency of the actuator are adversely affected.
  • the actuator which is usually designed as a loudspeaker, only reaches full efficiency if the pressure difference between the front and the back of the associated diaphragm is zero. Only then is the membrane in its non-active state in its original rest position and can be completely deflected in both directions of movement.
  • negative pressure region in the mouth region between the connecting pipe and the exhaust gas line is based, for example, on pressure losses, in particular a flow influencing of the exhaust gas flow through the mouth region, so that the formation of a significant negative pressure region can not be prevented, especially with high exhaust gas flows.
  • negative pressure is always to be understood as meaning a reduced static pressure at the respective point described relative to a barometric ambient pressure.
  • an actuator assembly for an active exhaust system which includes a closable flap assembly for protecting the actuator from the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust system.
  • the JP 5 098 927 A discloses a loudspeaker connected to an exhaust line by means of a "fitting pipe", wherein an air flow is introduced into the "fitting pipe” to protect the loudspeaker from the hot exhaust gas.
  • the WO 96/23295 discloses an actuator assembly for an exhaust system with a pneumatic loudspeaker controllable for influencing sound.
  • EP 2 108 791 A1 is an active muffler for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, known with a multi-shell housing, a speaker and a funnel-shaped sound-conducting body
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an actuator arrangement which reduces or even eliminates the disadvantages described.
  • a thermal load of the actuator is reduced and an efficiency of the actuator can be increased.
  • an active exhaust system is provided with an actuator arrangement for generating a sound signal with at least one actuator, wherein the actuator arrangement with at least one connecting section gas-conducting with at least one exhaust system of the exhaust system is connectable.
  • the actuator assembly also includes a pressure equalization arrangement for supplying fluid into the connection portion.
  • the connecting section is configured as a pipe branch branching off from the exhaust gas line, and a connection of the connecting section of the actuator arrangement with the exhaust gas line is configured as a Y-shaped line branch.
  • a geometry of the exhaust gas line is formed at least in the region of a line branch to form a flow-induced negative pressure for sucking fluid (F) from the actuator arrangement into the exhaust gas line.
  • the line branching defines a connection between the connecting section of the actuator arrangement with the exhaust gas line.
  • the Aktoran Aunt can be arranged by means of the connecting portion as a gas-carrying strand for providing an air column to the exhaust line, for example, as branched off from the exhaust line pipe string.
  • a volume enclosed by the actuator arrangement, in particular in the region of the connection section, is designed to be gas-conducting and connectable to an exhaust-carrying volume of the exhaust gas system for exchanging fluid.
  • the actuator assembly described additionally allows by means of the supply of fluid into the connecting portion that this also on the Connecting portion can be forwarded into the exhaust system of the exhaust system.
  • a negative pressure region is produced in the exhaust gas line as a result of an exhaust gas flow
  • a negative pressure also arises in the connection section or in the region of the actuator.
  • the negative pressure area causes the fluid to be sucked into the connecting section and from there into the exhaust line.
  • the supplied fluid - depending on a temperature of the fluid - provide ventilation and cooling of the actuator assembly in two ways.
  • the supplied fluid prevents an inflow of hot exhaust gas from the exhaust gas line and presses it back in the direction of the exhaust gas line.
  • it ensures a cooling flow when flowing through the actuator arrangement, in particular for a temperature reduction in the region of the connecting section, so that heat conduction via the connecting section to the actuator is reduced.
  • the actuator can thus be protected from high temperatures by hot exhaust gas and from heat conduction via the connecting section.
  • the actuator is intended to generate defined sound waves, which are transmitted via an air column arranged in the connecting section into the exhaust gas line. There, the sound waves superimpose the combustion noises of the internal combustion engine transported via the exhaust gas line with the exhaust gas.
  • the perceptible to a tailpipe of the exhaust system noise can be influenced by the actuator-generated sound waves such that in an in-phase design, for example, for the purpose of sound design, a gain or even a complete superposition of combustion noise is possible.
  • the damping is thus effected by so-called "anti-sound", ie by opposite-phase vibration superposition, and is particularly suitable for compliance with legally defined limits for noise emission as well as a reduction of disturbing resonance noise, such as a hum. For a reduction of these resonant noise so far resonators in the NSD have to be adapted consuming.
  • the actuator preferably comprises a loudspeaker, in particular an electrically operable loudspeaker.
  • a loudspeaker in particular an electrically operable loudspeaker.
  • other controllable and / or controllable devices for generating defined sound waves can be used.
  • the use of the pressure compensation arrangement is optionally used in combination with the described control or regulation of the actuator for generating sound or anti-sound. It is of particular importance that the actuator is not limited by an excessive pressure difference in its efficiency. This requirement can be achieved according to the invention by means of the pressure equalization arrangement. This is the only way to quickly and effectively generate appropriate anti-sound sound waves to dampen momentary combustion noises that are emitted to the environment via the exhaust system or the rear silencer.
  • the actuator arrangement described thus allows a combination with a controllable actuator, in contrast to previously used actuators, which are only controllable.
  • the control is characterized in that the actuator can be operated in response to instantaneous combustion noise. It is thus made possible to provide defined sound waves by means of a corresponding control of the actuator, which corresponds to the instantaneous combustion noise for reduction by means of anti-sound are optimally adapted.
  • Exemplary adaptation parameters are a frequency, an amplitude and / or a phase shift to the combustion noise.
  • the temperatures of the air column in the connecting portion between the actuator and the exhaust system are also important. These influence a sound transmission from the actuator to the exhaust gas, so that they must be taken into account, for example, to determine a signal propagation time or a wavelength. If the connecting section or the air column contained therein can be kept at a defined operating temperature or at least within a defined temperature interval due to the supply of the fluid, the costly adaptation measures can also be reduced and the anti-noise control can be adjusted accordingly. For example, the anti-noise control can be based on a correspondingly adapted temperature model.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement comprises at least one recess and / or at least one conduit element for supplying the fluid into the gas-carrying connection section of the actuator arrangement.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement can comprise one or more recesses, which are provided, for example, in the form of bores or openings of any shape in the actuator arrangement and designed to allow a supply of the fluid through the at least one recess in the actuator arrangement.
  • one or more of the conduit elements may be provided.
  • a conduit element is in particular a guide channel for supplying the fluid to understand, for example in the form of a hose, a pipe or a channel. Further embodiments are shown below.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement is acoustically favorably designed and / or arranged acoustically favorable to reduce or even prevent additional noise due to the supplied fluid.
  • An embodiment as a hose allows, for example, the fluid-conducting connection of the hose with a first end to the actuator and / or the connecting section and to guide an opposing second of the line element or the hose for supplying the fluid from the actuator arrangement and spatially position such that, inter alia, contamination or a dirt entry can be prevented together with the fluid.
  • the supplied fluid is air, in particular ambient air.
  • ambient air from the immediate vicinity of the actuator arrangement or, depending on the configuration of the line element, can be taken from a spaced area of the environment, such as a vehicle environment, and supplied to the actuator arrangement.
  • the negative pressure occurring in the mouth region may in this case be configured for suction of the fluid for feeding into the actuator arrangement or the connecting section and forwarding into the exhaust gas line.
  • the actuator arrangement may comprise a fan for the controllable and / or controllable supply of fluid into the connection section. A throughput of the supplied fluid flow can thus be influenced.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement comprises a valve, a controllable and / or controllable valve and / or a filter, wherein the controllable and / or controllable valve is designed to be electrically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically controllable.
  • the valve may be formed, for example switchable and thus allows a controlled opening or closing of the pressure compensation arrangement.
  • the switching can be done, for example, mechanically, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • the use of the valve prevents a permanent opening of the actuator assembly to the environment, so that an outflow of exhaust gases can be prevented. In addition, it prevents possibly occurring flow noise of the fluid through the recess or the line element, at least in the closed state of the valve.
  • the pressure equalization port may include more than one valve.
  • a plurality of actuator arrangements for example in dual-flow exhaust systems, can be connected to one another such that only one common valve must be provided for the plurality of pressure compensation arrangements of the multiple actuator arrangements.
  • a closing of the valve can be provided, for example, if no pressure equalization is desired. If, on the other hand, a negative pressure in the actuator arrangement is to be reduced, then the valve can be opened. If the pressure compensation arrangement additionally has a filter, then the supplied fluid, for example the air supplied, can be filtered by means of the filter and thus the ingress of contaminants in the form of dirt or water can be prevented. According to an embodiment, the valve and the filter may be combined together to form a common component.
  • a mechanically switchable valve can also be designed to be actuatable by means of a bias voltage.
  • the valve can alternatively also be controllable and / or controllable, in particular electrically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically controllable.
  • This offers the possibility to selectively control the valve in order to reduce a negative pressure at the actuator to a defined extent.
  • a controller or control allows any number of intermediate positions or a stepless control.
  • the control or regulation can be based, for example, on a temperature measurement, a temperature model, a rotational speed of a drive unit, its load state or other variables.
  • Such a control by means of a control or regulation thus also makes it possible to select an opening point of the valve independently of a currently applied negative pressure in the connecting element or on the actuator.
  • the control of the valve can also be done on the basis of predefined functions or via a map control. In this way, the described pressure difference applied to the actuator can be reduced by targeted compensation or targeted reduction of the negative pressure and as a result its efficiency can be increased.
  • valve Only, for example, can be used as a valve, a so-called electrical switching valve for switching between an open and closed operating state. If, on the other hand, a regulated valve is to be provided, then for example a pressure transducer can be used. All switchable and controllable valves can be switched or regulated directly or at least indirectly via a control unit. A corresponding control device is described below.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement may be associated with the actuator and / or the connecting portion. Accordingly, therefore, for example, the described recess and / or a first end of the conduit element may be arranged in the actuator, in the connecting portion or in both, in order to supply the fluid into the actuator arrangement in the respective region.
  • the decisive factor here is merely that the region of the supply to the connecting portion and thus in the installed state is connected in a gas-conducting manner with the exhaust gas line, so that a pressure compensation in the region of the actuator can be effected.
  • the actuator may comprise an encapsulated housing or an encapsulated housing with at least one pressure equalization opening.
  • the pressure equalization opening can be provided to provide a pressure equalization on a side of the actuator facing away from the hot exhaust gas, in particular a rear side of the loudspeaker diaphragm of the actuator facing away from the hot exhaust gas, and not be provided for a supply of fluid in the direction of the connection element. It is thus possible to achieve a balance between a pressure applied in the area of the rear side and a barometric ambient pressure of the vehicle, that is to say a static air pressure.
  • the at least one line element at least in sections comprises a cooling channel for cooling the actuator arrangement.
  • the at least one line element can be designed to cool the actuator arrangement.
  • the line element may be arranged on an outer surface of the actuator arrangement for this purpose.
  • the line element may be formed as a cooling channel in a wall of the actuator assembly.
  • the line element can be provided as a cooling jacket or cooling capsule at least in the region of the actuator and / or the connecting portion.
  • the line element is designed to receive fluid at its second end and to introduce it into the actuator arrangement along a line path.
  • the line course can be arranged correspondingly, that the fluid flowing through a cooling effect and can absorb heat energy from the actuator assembly in the fluid, which is forwarded to the exhaust line after being fed into the connecting portion.
  • the actuator arrangement can be designed to be thermally insulated from an environment at least in sections.
  • one or more heat shields or encapsulations for thermal shielding can be arranged as required, in particular in such a way that, when installed, they enable shielding or encapsulation with respect to the exhaust system of the exhaust system.
  • the actuator can thus be thermally isolated from an environment and simultaneously cooled by the supply of fluid into the connection section, so that heat build-up in the area of the actuator or within the actuator arrangement is prevented.
  • a connection of the connecting portion of the actuator assembly may be configured, for example, with the exhaust gas line as a Y-shaped branch line. If several actuator arrangements are to be connected directly to an exhaust gas line, then the line branching must be adapted accordingly, for example, several Y-shaped line branches are arranged in series, or two Y-shaped line sections are integrated into a cross-shaped (X-shaped) line section. Furthermore, the branching be designed to connect an actuator with two or more exhaust strands accordingly.
  • a geometry of the exhaust system is formed at least in the region of the line branch to form a flow-induced negative pressure for sucking fluid from the actuator assembly into the exhaust line, wherein the line branch defines a connection between the connecting portion of the actuator assembly with the exhaust line.
  • a suitable geometry may be provided for reinforcement of an already existing flow-induced negative pressure area in order to additionally increase the supply of the fluid. In this way, an increased cooling is effected in the region of the actuator or the connecting element.
  • a cooling ventilation of the actuator arrangement can thus be influenced and thus reinforced.
  • an influx of hot and corrosive exhaust gas is prevented in the actuator assembly in the direction of the actuator and a correspondingly directed heat conduction.
  • a negative effect of the increased negative pressure on the actuator is prevented thanks to the pressure compensation arrangement.
  • the geometry may for example be designed such that a negative pressure generated at a defined flow through the line section of the exhaust line is sufficiently large to suck the fluid through the actuator assembly in the exhaust line without having to provide additional drive means for the fluid. Such a configuration thus enables a purely passive fluid supply.
  • the narrowing of the flow cross-section causes a maximum dynamic pressure and the local static pressure in this area Pressure is minimal.
  • the static pressure in the connecting section which opens into the restricted flow cross-section, decreases. This creates a pressure difference, which is used for suction of the supplied fluid. In other words, so the increased negative pressure sucks the fluid from the actuator assembly in the exhaust line.
  • the active exhaust system may be coupled to an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel or gasoline engine, for discharging exhaust gases.
  • an internal combustion engine in particular a diesel or gasoline engine
  • the active exhaust system can also be used in hybrid vehicles.
  • the proposed actuator arrangement allows such effective ventilation or cooling that a corresponding active exhaust system can be used not only for low exhaust gas temperatures of diesel engines, but also for relatively hot exhaust gases of gasoline engines.
  • the connecting portion of the actuator assembly is formed such that it is tubular in the exhaust line extends and supplies the supplied fluid in a remote from a radial edge region of the exhaust line, radially central region of the exhaust line.
  • the connecting portion projecting into the exhaust passage is formed "snorkel-shaped", i. bent at an opening into the exhaust line end in the flow direction for supplying the fluid into the exhaust gas flow, wherein a flow direction of the fluid is substantially rectified to the exhaust gas flow.
  • controlling the actuator arrangement may comprise activating the pressure compensation arrangement and / or the actuator and the at least one vehicle parameter may include a temperature value, a pressure value, a vehicle state, a driving state, a load state of a drive unit and / or a coasting operation.
  • the at least one vehicle parameter can be stored as a predefined value or detected or determined by means suitable in current operation.
  • the activation of the pressure compensation arrangement comprises switching and / or regulating the pressure compensation arrangement, in particular of a valve included.
  • a control device for carrying out a method for controlling an actuator arrangement wherein the control device is designed to carry out the described method.
  • This can be, for example, a control unit of the actuator (actuator control unit) or a control unit or an engine control unit of an associated vehicle.
  • an insert can also be used for engines with high power levels and associated higher exhaust gas temperatures.
  • Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 10 of a vehicle with active exhaust system 11 according to the prior art.
  • the active exhaust system 11 is connected to the internal combustion engine 10 for discharging generated exhaust gases and in the illustrated embodiment has an exhaust line 12, which downstream only by way of example includes a pre-silencer 13, a subsequently arranged center silencer 14 and a rear silencer 15. In the case of a multi-flow exhaust system, this can be divided into several exhaust lines (not shown). Exhaust line 12 ends with an end piece 16, through which the exhaust gases pass out into an environment.
  • a line branch 17 is arranged, which is designed in the illustrated embodiment Y-shaped and an actuator assembly 18 gas leading to the exhaust line 12 and a line section of the exhaust line 12 connects.
  • the actuator arrangement 18 comprises an actuator 18a in the form of a loudspeaker, which is arranged in a substantially closed housing and is connected in gas-conducting manner to the exhaust gas line 12 via a connecting element 18b.
  • the actuator 18a is intended to generate sound waves, which are passed through a arranged in the connecting element 18b standing air column in the exhaust line 12. There, the sound waves superimpose the combustion noises of the internal combustion engine 10 transported via the exhaust gas line 12 with the exhaust gas.
  • Fig. 2 shows a line branch 27 for a first embodiment of an exhaust line 22 of an active exhaust system 21 with an actuator assembly 28 as described.
  • the arrangement differs from the arrangement in FIG Fig. 1 in particular by the design of the Actuator 28, so that with respect to functional relationships of the other components to the description Fig. 1 unless otherwise stated.
  • the actuator assembly 28 accordingly includes an actuator 28a, which comprises a connecting section 28b or the exhaust line 22 facing the speaker 28c with a membrane 28d.
  • the actuator arrangement 28 has a pressure compensation arrangement 29, which is designed to supply fluid F.
  • ambient air is supplied from an environment of the actuator arrangement 28 with a barometric pressure PA into the connection section 28b.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 29 is associated with the connecting portion 28b in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the pressure compensating assembly 29 includes a recess or opening 29a in a side wall of the connecting portion 28b.
  • the pressure compensation assembly 29 may include an additional tubular inlet disposed in the region of the opening 29a.
  • the connecting section 28b opens via the branch line 27 into the exhaust line 22, which is traversed by an exhaust gas flow A with an exhaust gas temperature T1 in the direction of the tail pipe 26.
  • the exhaust gas flow A and its temperature T1 are inter alia dependent on a current load state of the vehicle.
  • a negative pressure region U is generated with a negative pressure P1 (static pressure P1) due to a geometry of the line branch 27. This sucks the gas contained in the connecting portion 28b or the fluid F in the exhaust line 22, in which this is supplied together with the exhaust gas flow A through the tailpipe 26 of the environment.
  • the supply of fluid F by the pressure compensation arrangement 29 causes a certain pressure equalization between the negative pressure P1 and the ambient pressure PA is achieved in the actuator assembly 28, so that a in In this way, a pressure difference can be reduced between a front side of the loudspeaker diaphragm 28d facing the exhaust gas line 22d (Static pressure P3) and a rear side arranged opposite thereto (pressure P4) in consequence of the negative pressure range U exists.
  • Static pressure P3 a front side of the loudspeaker diaphragm 28d facing the exhaust gas line 22d
  • pressure P4 in consequence of the negative pressure range U exists.
  • the pressure P3 depending on the circumference of a deliverable volume flow of the fluid F, lies between a barometric air pressure PA and the negative pressure P1, which in turn depends on the exhaust gas mass flow.
  • the actuator 28a may optionally have a pressure compensation opening 28e, which ensures a pressure equalization between the ambient pressure PA and the pressure P4 prevailing on the rear side of the loudspeaker diaphragm 28d.
  • Fig. 3 shows a line branch 37 for a second embodiment of an exhaust line 32 of an active exhaust system 31 with an actuator assembly 38 as described. This essentially corresponds to the actuator arrangement 28 Fig. 2 so that reference may be made to the given description.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 39 comprises an opening 39a, which is provided in the actuator arrangement 38 and designed to supply the fluid into the connection section 38b.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 39 further comprises a valve 39b, which is arranged in the region of the opening 39a such that by means of the valve 39b, the supply of the fluid depending on Design of the valve can be switched or even regulated.
  • the valve is either switchable between an open and a closed position, or is adjustable between several intermediate positions.
  • Fig. 4 shows a manifold 47 for a third embodiment of an exhaust line 42 of an active exhaust system 41 with an actuator assembly 48 as described. This essentially corresponds to the actuator arrangement 38 Fig. 3 so that reference may be made to the given description.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 49 also includes an opening 49a which is provided in the actuator arrangement 48 and designed to supply fluid into the connection section 48b.
  • the pressure compensator assembly 49 also includes a valve 49b but spaced apart from the opening 49a by a conduit member 49c.
  • the conduit member 49c is hose-shaped in the illustrated embodiment, and allows the spatial spacing of the valve 49b to the opening 49a, for example, to reduce contamination.
  • the fluid is supplied by entering the fluid into the valve 49b, passing the fluid through the conduit member 49c, and entering the connection portion 48b via the opening 49b.
  • Fig. 5 shows a line branch 57 for a fourth embodiment of an exhaust line 52 of an active exhaust system 51 with an actuator assembly 58 as described. This essentially corresponds to the actuator arrangement 48 Fig. 4 so that reference may be made to the given description.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 59 comprises an opening 59a, which in the Actuator 58 is provided and is designed to supply the fluid in the connecting portion 58 b.
  • the pressure compensation assembly 59 also includes a conduit member 59c which is tubular and connected at a first end to the opening 59a. An opposite second free end may optionally include a valve 59b.
  • the pressure compensating assembly 59 may include a filter 59d which is also disposed in or on the conduit member 59c as appropriate. For example, filter 59d may be integrated with or spatially separated from valve 59b.
  • Fig. 6 shows a manifold 67 for a fifth embodiment of an exhaust line 62 of an active exhaust system 61 with an actuator assembly 68 as described.
  • the exhaust line 62 is formed in the region of the line branch 67 in its geometry for amplifying the negative pressure region U. This is achieved by a local cross-sectional constriction of the exhaust line 62 in the form of a Venturi nozzle and leads under the conditions prevailing in an exhaust system conditions to an increase in the flow rate with simultaneous local pressure reduction.
  • a negative pressure range U with the static pressure P1 (negative pressure) is thus increased, and in absolute terms the static pressure P1 is further lowered.
  • the pressure compensation assembly 69 is not arranged in a wall of the connecting portion 68b, but in a housing of the actuator 68a, but on a side facing the exhaust line 62, so that the supplied fluid also via the housing of the actuator 68a is supplied to the connection section 68b.
  • thermal shield 68f of the actuator 68a or its housing is also optional and can be combined with other embodiments.
  • Fig. 7 shows a manifold 77 for a sixth embodiment of an exhaust line 72 of an active exhaust system 71 with an actuator assembly 78 as described.
  • the pressure compensation arrangement 79 comprises a cooling jacket which at least partially overlies a housing of the actuator 78a.
  • a line element 79c of the pressure compensation arrangement 79 is designed as a cooling channel and extends over an outer surface of the actuator 78a.
  • an open end of the conduit member 79c is provided, in which the fluid F can flow. Subsequently, this flows through the cooling channel of the line element 79c designed as a cooling jacket and enters the housing of the actuator 78a at an other end of the line element 79c through an opening 79a for supplying the fluid into the connecting element 78b.
  • the opening 79a may also be arranged in a wall of the connecting element 78b and / or the cooling jacket may be designed to cool the actuator arrangement 78 or at least one section.
  • the fluid that is, for example, the intake ambient air
  • the fluid can be additionally used as a thermal insulator using a capsule around the actuator.
  • the fluid is guided in a gap between the capsule and the actuator housing.
  • the uncoupled back volume on the back of the loudspeaker can be cooled or thermally isolated from the environment. This is all the more important, since the most temperature-critical components, in particular magnets, are located in the back volume.
  • the capsule can completely or only partially enclose the housing, in principle also an additional tube is possible, which leads the fluid after entering the actuator housing even closer to the membrane surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation de gaz d'échappement active comprenant une ligne de gaz d'échappement et un dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) relié à la ligne de gaz d'échappement de façon à laisser passer les gaz, le dispositif d'actionneur comprenant au moins un actionneur (28a, 68a, 78a) pour permettre de produire un signal acoustique, le dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) étant relié au moins par un segment de liaison (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b) de façon à laisser passer les gaz avec au moins une ligne de gaz d'échappement (22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72) de l'installation de gaz d'échappement (21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71), le segment de liaison étant réalisé sous la forme d'une ligne tubulaire branchée sur la ligne de gaz d'échappement, et
    la liaison du segment de liaison (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b) du dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) avec la ligne de gaz d'échappement étant réalisée sous la forme d'un branchement de conduite (27, 37, 47, 67, 77) en forme de Y,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) comprend un dispositif d'équilibrage de pression (29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79) permettant le transfert de fluide F dans le segment de liaison (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b), et la géométrie de la ligne de gaz d'échappement (22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72) est réalisée au moins dans la zone du branchement de conduite (27, 37, 47, 67, 77) pour former une dépression induite par le flux de façon à permettre d'aspirer du fluide (F) du dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) dans la ligne de gaz d'échappement (22, 32, 42 , 52, 62, 72), le branchement de conduite (27, 37, 47, 67, 77) définissant une liaison entre le segment de liaison (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b) du dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78) et la ligne de gaz d'échappement (22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72).
  2. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'installation d'équilibrage de pression (29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79) comprend au moins un évidement (29a, 39a, 49a, 59a, 79a) et/ou au moins un élément de conduite (49c, 59c, 79c) pour permettre de transférer le fluide (F) dans le segment de liaison laissant passer les gaz (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b) du dispositif d'actionneur (28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78).
  3. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 1 et 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le fluide (F) à laisser passer est de l'air, en particulier de l'air ambiant.
  4. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'installation d'équilibrage de pression (29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79) comprend une soupape (39b, 49b, 59b), une soupape commandable et/ou réglable et/ou un filtre (59d), la soupape commandable et/ou réglable étant réalisée sous la forme d'une soupape réglable électrique, hydraulique et/ou pneumatique.
  5. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'installation d'équilibrage de pression (29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79) est associée à l'actionneur (28a, 68a, 78a) et/ou au segment de liaison (28b, 38b, 48b, 58b, 68b, 78b).
  6. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 2 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément de conduite (79c) comprend, au moins par segments un canal de refroidissement pour permettre de refroidir le dispositif d'actionneur (78).
  7. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le dispositif d'actionneur (68) est réalisé au moins par segments en étant isolé thermiquement par rapport à l'environnement.
  8. Installation de gaz d'échappement active conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la géométrie de la ligne de gaz d'échappement (22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72) est réalisée sous la forme d'une soupape de Venturi ayant un étranglement local, et le branchement de conduite (27, 37, 47, 67, 77) est situé dans la zone de la section étranglée.
  9. Procédé de gestion d'un dispositif d'actionneur d'une installation de gaz d'échappement active, selon lequel l'installation de gaz d'échappement est réalisée conformément à l'une des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant une étape consistant à :
    transférer du fluide dans un segment de liaison du dispositif d'actionneur pour permettre une compensation en température ou en pression de l'installation de gaz d'échappement active.
  10. Procédé conforme à la revendication 9, selon lequel l'étape de transfert comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à :
    - détecter au moins un paramètre du véhicule et/ou détecter une modification du paramètre du véhicule,
    - commander le dispositif d'actionneur en réaction au paramètre du véhicule détecté ou à une modification du paramètre du véhicule détecté.
  11. Procédé conforme à la revendication 10, selon lequel la commande du dispositif d'actionneur comprend une commande du dispositif d'équilibrage de pression et/ou de l'actionneur et le paramètre du véhicule comprend une valeur instantanée de la température, une valeur instantanée de la pression, un état instantané du véhicule, un état de conduite, un état de charge d'une unité d'entraînement et/ou un fonctionnement en mode de poussée.
  12. Appareil de commande permettant la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de commande d'un dispositif d'actionneur,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de commande permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé est réalisé conformément à l'une des revendications 9 à 11.
EP12194799.8A 2011-12-20 2012-11-29 Dispositif d'actionnement pour installations de gaz d'échappement actives et son procédé de fonctionnement Active EP2607640B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110089283 DE102011089283A1 (de) 2011-12-20 2011-12-20 Aktoranordnung für aktive Abgasanlagen und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2607640A1 EP2607640A1 (fr) 2013-06-26
EP2607640B1 true EP2607640B1 (fr) 2016-03-30

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DE (1) DE102011089283A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE102013208186B4 (de) * 2013-05-03 2016-09-22 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Schallerzeuger für eine Abgasanlage
DE102013010609B4 (de) * 2013-06-25 2023-07-27 Purem GmbH System zur Beeinflussung von Abgasgeräuschen in einer mehrflutigen Abgasanlage und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102013215594A1 (de) 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102013109462A1 (de) 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Abgasanlage mit einem system zur abfuhr von kondensat
DE102013113803A1 (de) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-11 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Schallerzeuger für ein System zur Beeinflussung von Abgasgeräuschen eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102015119191A1 (de) 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Schallerzeuger zur Befestigung an einem Fahrzeug zur Beeinflussung von Geräuschen des Fahrzeugs
DE102018110968A1 (de) * 2018-05-08 2019-11-14 Tenneco Gmbh Ankopplungsstück
DE102018127068A1 (de) * 2018-10-30 2020-04-30 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Abgasanlage für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Fahrzeug mit Abgasanlage

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US5044464A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-09-03 Nelson Industries, Inc. Active acoustic attenuation mixing chamber
DE4042124A1 (de) * 1990-12-28 1992-07-02 Eberspaecher J Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbessern der schalldaempfbarkeit eines verbrennungsmotor-abgasstroms
JP2855377B2 (ja) * 1991-05-27 1999-02-10 ヤンマーディーゼル株式会社 アクティブ消音装置
JPH0598927A (ja) * 1991-10-11 1993-04-20 Sango:Kk アクテイブキヤンセルマフラ
US5550334A (en) * 1991-10-30 1996-08-27 Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc. Actively sound reduced muffler having a venturi effect configuration
FR2729781B1 (fr) * 1995-01-23 1997-04-18 Bertin & Cie Dispositif de controle actif du bruit
JP2000130145A (ja) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-09 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 能動消音装置
DE102008018085A1 (de) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-15 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Aktiver Schalldämpfer

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EP2607640A1 (fr) 2013-06-26

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