EP2598821B1 - Échangeur de chaleur avec tubes et ailettes en aluminium - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur avec tubes et ailettes en aluminium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2598821B1
EP2598821B1 EP11736529.6A EP11736529A EP2598821B1 EP 2598821 B1 EP2598821 B1 EP 2598821B1 EP 11736529 A EP11736529 A EP 11736529A EP 2598821 B1 EP2598821 B1 EP 2598821B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
aluminum alloy
heat exchanger
fin
recited
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11736529.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2598821A2 (fr
Inventor
Michael F. Taras
Jason Scarcella
Bruce J. Poplawski
Jack L. Esformes
Mary T. Lombardo
Thomas J. Garosshen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP2598821A2 publication Critical patent/EP2598821A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2598821B1 publication Critical patent/EP2598821B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/004—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using protective electric currents, voltages, cathodes, anodes, electric short-circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0085—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/125—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by bringing elements together and expanding

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to fin and tube heat exchangers and, more particularly, to a corrosion resistant, all aluminum alloy fin and tube evaporator heat exchanger particularly suitable for use in connection with transport refrigeration units.
  • Perishable cargo such as fresh produce, fresh and frozen meat, poultry, seafood and other foods
  • Containers of this type are typically designed to accommodate transport by road on trailers, by sea on container ships, by rail on flatbed train cars and even by air in cargo planes.
  • the truck, trailer or container transporting the perishable cargo is equipped with a refrigeration unit for maintaining the cargo box at a temperature within a specified temperature range to maintain freshness and minimize spoilage during transit.
  • the refrigeration unit is mounted to one wall, typically the front wall, of the cargo box of the truck, trailer or container.
  • the refrigeration unit includes a compressor and a condenser unit isolated from the cargo box, and an evaporator unit including a tubular heat exchanger, commonly a tube and fin heat exchanger, operatively associated with the cargo box of the truck, trailer, or the container. Air drawn from the cargo box is passed over the evaporator heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with refrigerant circulating through the tubes of the heat exchanger whereby the air is cooled prior to being supplied back to the cargo box.
  • a tubular heat exchanger commonly a tube and fin heat exchanger
  • Aluminum tubes are commercially available, but are not currently used in transport refrigeration applications due to a number of factors, including not only concern over corrosion in transport refrigeration applications, and the reduced tensile strength of aluminum versus copper and thicker wall required for the identical burst strength, but also due to the increased thermal expansion of aluminum versus copper, the brazing sensitivity for A1/Al joints due to challenging geometries and A1 alloy melting temperature being very close to the braze alloy melting temperature, and the susceptibility of aluminum to fatigue and fretting due to high vibration levels.
  • a heat exchanger having an all aluminum alloy construction i.e. a heat exchanger having aluminum alloy tubes, aluminum alloy fins and aluminum alloy tube sheets, that has acceptable corrosion resistance for use in transport refrigeration applications, lower weight and substantially the same heat transfer performance as conventional copper tube and aluminum fin heat exchangers used in transport refrigeration units.
  • US 2005/0155750 discloses a fin collar having a shape that enhances flux application and brazing clad flow into the tube to fin joint to provide an improved thermal and structural bond.
  • EP 1887304 discloses a heat exchanger having a plurality of fins with interlocking collars.
  • US 3443634 discloses a heat exchanger comprising fins that comprise interlocking flanges.
  • the present invention provides a heat exchanger comprising: at least one serpentine tube having a plurality of longitudinally extending tube lengths; and a plurality of heat exchange fins arrayed on the at least one tube, adjacent fins of the arrayed plurality of heat exchange fins having collars disposed about and contacting the at least one tube, wherein the at least one tube comprises a tube made of a first aluminum alloy having a first galvanic potential; and the plurality of heat exchange fins comprise fins made of a second aluminum alloy, the second aluminum alloy having a second galvanic potential, the second galvanic potential being higher than the first galvanic potential; and the at least one serpentine tube comprises a plurality of hairpin tubes supported between spaced tube sheets, each hairpin tube having a pair of longitudinally extending tube lengths and a hairpin turn, the plurality of hairpin tubes fluidly interconnected by a plurality of return bends, characterised in that the collars are interlocking collars and collectively form an integral protective layer about the at least one tube;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is depicted an exemplary embodiment of a round tube and plate heat exchanger 10 of the general type commonly used as an evaporator in transport refrigeration systems showing one serpentine tube bank 12.
  • the typical heat exchanger 10 will have a plurality of serpentine tube banks 12 disposed in laterally spaced relationship, for example, as depicted in FIG. 2 .
  • the serpentine tube 12 is formed of a plurality of hairpin tube sections 14 connected in fluid flow communication by return bends 16. Each hairpin tube section 14 has a pair of generally parallel longitudinally extending tube lengths 18 and a hairpin U-bend 20.
  • Tube sheets 22 and 24, which are disposed in spaced relationship at opposite ends of the longitudinally extending tube lengths 18, are penetrated by each tube length 18 of the plurality of tube banks 12 and provide structural support for the tube banks. It is to be understood that two straight tube sections connected by a return bend 16 can substitute for a single hairpin tube section 14. Further, one or more intermediate tube sheets may be incorporated in the heat exchanger 10.
  • the heat exchanger 10 includes a plurality of fins 26 disposed in parallel spaced relationship and extending transversely to the longitudinally extending tube lengths 18.
  • Each fin 26 comprises a sheet-like plate fin having an array of openings therein, each opening for accommodating a tube length 18 penetrating therethrough when the heat exchanger 10 is assembled.
  • each fin 26 of the plurality of sheet-like plate fins is slid over the array of tube lengths 18, one after another, with each opening in each fin 26 receiving a corresponding one of the tube lengths 18, until all the fins 26 are assembled on the plurality of tube lengths 18.
  • the tube lengths 18 are then expanded radially outward from within the tube lengths 18 whereby the outer wall of each of the tube lengths 18 is brought into a forced fit contact with each of the collar portions 28 surrounding the openings in each of the fins 26.
  • the fin pack When the array of fins 26, commonly referred to as the fin pack, is assembled onto the tube lengths 18, the fin pack extends between the spaced tube sheets 22 and 24 and over substantially the full length of the tube lengths 18.
  • the spacing between the fins within the fin pack is generally defined by the fin collar portions 28.
  • the fins 26 may have thermal performance enhancement features such as corrugations, waves, slits, louvers or the like.
  • the collar portions 28 have a flare projecting outwardly from a first edge of the fin and a recess provided in the opposite edge of the fin.
  • the fin collar portions 28 nest with the flare of one fin received in the recess of the adjacent fin.
  • the tube lengths 18 are expanded radially outward, the fin collar portions 28 are crushed thereby interlocking the flares with the associated recesses. As a result, any spaces or gaps that may have existed between adjacent interlocking fins 26 in the assembled fin pack array are eliminated and an integral layer is formed about the outer wall of the tube lengths 18.
  • the tubes 12, including the hairpin tube sections 14 and return bends 16, the tube sheets 22, 24 and the fins 26 are all made of aluminum alloys.
  • the tubes 12 are made of a first aluminum alloy
  • the tube sheets 22, 24 are made of a second aluminum alloy
  • fins 26 are made of a third aluminum alloy, with the second and third aluminum alloys having a higher galvanic potential relative to the first aluminum alloy.
  • the second and third aluminum alloys are galvanically sacrificial to the first aluminum alloy. Therefore, the aluminum alloy tube sheets 22, 24 and the aluminum alloy fins 26 are galvanically sacrificial to the aluminum alloy tubes 12.
  • the selection of the tube alloy, that is the first aluminum alloy, and fin alloy, that is the third aluminum alloy, combination is critical to providing adequate long-term corrosion resistance to the aluminum heat exchanger 10.
  • the fin alloy must be galvanically sacrificial to the tube under the environmental conditions of operation.
  • the galvanic potential difference between the third aluminum alloy, i.e. the fin alloy, and the first aluminum alloy, i.e. the tube alloy is greater than about 20 millivolts.
  • the third aluminum alloy, i.e. the fin alloy should exhibit low corrosion rates under the environmental conditions of operation.
  • Examples of good fin alloy and tube alloy combinations for an evaporator heat exchanger for transport refrigeration applications include: a tube made of AA3003 aluminum alloy with fins made of AA1100 or AA7072 aluminum alloy, a tube made of AA30048 aluminum alloy and a fin made of AA7072 aluminum alloy, and a tube made of AA3102 aluminum alloy and a fin made of AA7072 aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum alloy specifications are those of the Aluminum Association standards. Using such combinations, the interlocking aluminum fins 26 form a covering layer that is sacrificial to the underlying aluminum hairpin tubes 14 that provides added corrosion resistance in the fin pack area.
  • the tube sheets 22, 224 should also be sacrificial relative to the hairpin tubes 14 passing therethrough.
  • the second aluminum alloy of which the tube sheets 22, 24 are formed should have a significant galvanic potential difference, generally also greater than about 20 millivolts, relative to the first aluminum alloy of which the hairpin tubes 14 are formed.
  • Examples of good tube alloy and tube sheet alloy combinations for an evaporator heat exchanger for transport refrigeration applications include: tubes made of AA3003 aluminum alloy with tube sheets made of AA.5052 aluminum alloy, tubes made of AA30048 aluminum alloy with tube sheets made of AA7072 aluminum alloy, and tubes made of AA3102 aluminum alloy with tube sheets made of AA7072 aluminum alloy.
  • Tube-to-tube sheet interference can be a problem if adequate clearance is not provided to avoid long-term tube damage due to fretting. Tube-to-tube sheet clearance must be maintained from the thermal stress standpoint but minimized from vibration related considerations.
  • the clearance, Ts as measured in a radial direction as indicated in FIG. 5 , between the openings in the tube sheet 22, 24 through which a round tube 14, having an outer diameter D, passes may be selected such that the dimensionless ratio Ts/D has a value lying in the range of 0.0013 to 0.0363.
  • the return bends 16 and the hairpin turns 20 of the hairpin tubes 14 are disposed outside of the fin pack area and therefore these portions of the serpentine tube 12 are not protected by the sacrificial layer provided by the interlocking fins 26.
  • Coating protection may be applied to the return bends 16 and the hairpin turns 20 of the hairpin tubes 14 to provide corrosion resistance for the hairpin turns 20 and return bends 16 equivalent to the heat exchanger fin pack area design life.
  • protective coatings can be applied to the tube sheet ends so as to coat the hairpin turns 20 and the return bends 16.
  • Acceptable protective coatings include, for example, but are not limited to, clear acrylic based solvent varnish, urethane based varnish, conversion coats, acrylic e-coats, epoxy e-coats, corrosion inhibitive e-coats, polyester powder, powder coats and pre-treated 2-part epoxies can be applied, depending on the level of protection desired.
  • a protective coating may be applied to the entire heat exchanger 10 to provide added corrosion resistance under severe environment exposure conditions that may be encountered in some transport refrigeration applications.
  • protective coatings that may be applied to the entire heat exchanger 10 include, but are not limited to, trivalent chrome conversion coats, zirconium conversion coats, zinc phosphate coats and iron phosphate coats. Additionally, any of the previously mention coatings for the application to the hairpin turns 20 and return bends 16 may be applied to the entire heat exchanger 10 as a pre-treatment followed by an overcoat application of the aforementioned coats.
  • Aluminum round tube and aluminum plate fin heat exchanger coils can replace heat exchanger coils of a similar construction with copper round tubes and aluminum fins while achieving equivalent thermal performance over a wide range of environmental conditions and operating parameters.
  • Aluminum tubes need to have a thicker wall due to the reduced tensile strength of aluminum alloys compared to their copper counterparts.
  • Aluminum tubes used in heat exchanger applications may be internally grooved or otherwise provided with internal fin enhancements such as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment of the tube 14 depicted in FIGs. 4-6 .
  • the ratio of the fin perimeter to fin cross section for the internal fin enhancements may have a value in the range of 400 to 650 (as expressed in inch -1 dimension).
  • the fin perimeter/fin cross section ratio is defined as (a + k + 2 ⁇ (((a-k)/2) ⁇ 2 + h ⁇ 2) ⁇ 0.5)/(h ⁇ (a+k)/2).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Échangeur de chaleur (10) comprenant :
    au moins un tube serpentin (12) ayant une pluralité de longueurs de tube s'étendant longitudinalement (18) ; et
    une pluralité d'ailettes d'échange de chaleur (26) disposées en réseau sur l'au moins un tube (12), des ailettes adjacentes de la pluralité d'ailettes d'échange de chaleur disposées en réseau ayant des colliers (28) disposés autour de et en contact avec l'au moins un tube (12),
    dans lequel l'au moins un tube (12) comprend un tube (12) constitué d'un premier alliage d'aluminium ayant un premier potentiel galvanique ; et la pluralité d'ailettes d'échange de chaleur (26) comprennent des ailettes (26) constituées d'un deuxième alliage d'aluminium, le deuxième alliage d'aluminium ayant un deuxième potentiel galvanique, le deuxième potentiel galvanique étant supérieur au premier potentiel galvanique ; et
    l'au moins un tube serpentin (12) comprend une pluralité de tubes en épingle à cheveux (14) supportés entre des plaques tubulaires espacées (22, 24), chaque tube en épingle à cheveux (14) ayant une paire de longueurs de tube s'étendant longitudinalement (18) et une courbure en épingle à cheveux (20), la pluralité de tubes en épingle à cheveux (14) étant interconnectés de manière fluide par une pluralité de coudes en U (16) ;
    caractérisé en ce que :
    les colliers (28) sont des colliers de verrouillage (28) et forment collectivement une couche protectrice intégrale autour de l'au moins un tube (12) ; et en ce que
    les colliers de verrouillage (28) comprennent un évasement faisant saillie vers l'extérieur depuis un premier bord de l'ailette (26) et un évidement prévu dans le bord opposé de l'ailette (26), l'évasement d'une ailette (28) étant reçu dans l'évidement d'une ailette adjacente (26).
  2. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la couche protectrice autour de l'au moins un tube (12) comprend une couche galvaniquement sacrificielle par rapport à l'au moins un tube (12).
  3. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel chaque tube (12) comprend une plaque tubulaire (22, 24) constituée d'un troisième alliage d'aluminium, le troisième alliage d'aluminium ayant un troisième potentiel galvanique, le troisième potentiel galvanique étant supérieur au premier potentiel galvanique.
  4. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le premier alliage d'aluminium comprend l'alliage d'aluminium AA3003 et le troisième alliage d'aluminium comprend l'alliage d'aluminium AA5052.
  5. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le premier alliage d'aluminium comprend un alliage d'aluminium choisi dans le groupe constitué des alliages AA30048 et AA3102 et le troisième alliage d'aluminium comprend l'alliage d'aluminium AA7072.
  6. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 3, 4 ou 5, dans lequel le deuxième alliage d'aluminium et le troisième alliage d'aluminium comprennent le même alliage d'aluminium.
  7. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel le revêtement protecteur comprend un revêtement destiné à améliorer la résistance à la corrosion choisi dans le groupe incluant le vernis solvant à base d'acrylique transparent, le vernis à base d'uréthane, les revêtements de conversion, les revêtements électrolytiques acryliques, les revêtements électrolytiques époxy, les revêtements électrolytiques inhibiteurs de corrosion, la poudre de polyester, les revêtements en poudre et les époxydes pré-traités en deux parties.
  8. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur (10) est revêtu d'un revêtement protecteur destiné à améliorer davantage la résistance à la corrosion.
  9. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le revêtement protecteur comprend un revêtement destiné à améliorer la résistance à la corrosion choisi dans le groupe incluant les revêtements de conversion de chrome trivalent, les revêtements de conversion de zirconium, les revêtements de phosphate de zinc et les revêtements de phosphate de fer.
  10. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon la revendication 1, destiné à être utilisé en tant que serpentin d'évaporateur en liaison avec un système de réfrigération de transport,
    les plaques tubulaires (22, 24) étant galvaniquement sacrificielles par rapport aux tubes en épingle à cheveux (14).
  11. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel chaque plaque tubulaire (22, 24) a une pluralité de trous de tube à l'intérieur, chaque trou de tube recevant une longueur de tube d'un tube respectif de la pluralité de tubes en épingle à cheveux (14), chaque longueur de tube ayant un diamètre extérieur, D, et chaque trou ayant un jeu, Ts, par rapport à la longueur de tube, dans lequel le rapport Ts/D a une valeur comprise entre 0,0013 et 0,0363.
  12. Échangeur de chaleur (10) selon une quelconque revendication précédente, dans lequel les courbures en épingle à cheveux et les coudes en U sont revêtus d'un revêtement protecteur destiné à améliorer la résistance à la corrosion.
EP11736529.6A 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Échangeur de chaleur avec tubes et ailettes en aluminium Active EP2598821B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36768810P 2010-07-26 2010-07-26
US36807510P 2010-07-27 2010-07-27
PCT/US2011/044788 WO2012018536A2 (fr) 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Echangeur de chaleur à ailettes et tubes en aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2598821A2 EP2598821A2 (fr) 2013-06-05
EP2598821B1 true EP2598821B1 (fr) 2019-08-28

Family

ID=45559971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11736529.6A Active EP2598821B1 (fr) 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Échangeur de chaleur avec tubes et ailettes en aluminium

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130098591A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2598821B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103003654B (fr)
DK (1) DK2598821T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2744883T3 (fr)
SG (1) SG187560A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012018536A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112013027220A2 (pt) * 2011-04-25 2016-12-27 Delphi Tech Inc método para fabricar um trocador de calor de alumínio
CN104169468B (zh) * 2012-03-15 2017-03-08 开利公司 用于铝热交换器的多层保护性涂层
DK2836783T3 (da) 2012-04-12 2019-09-02 Carrier Corp Ikke-genanvendeligt aluminiumsfinner til fejltilstandsbeskyttelse af en aluminiumsvarmeveksler.
WO2013155384A2 (fr) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Carrier Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à ailette de tube en alliage d'aluminium
FR2999696B1 (fr) * 2012-12-18 2018-09-14 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Tube plat pour echangeur de chaleur d'air de suralimentation et echangeur de chaleur d'air de suralimentation correspondant.
ES2764403T3 (es) * 2013-02-21 2020-06-03 Carrier Corp Estructuras tubulares para intercambiador de calor
EP2962057B1 (fr) 2013-03-01 2020-11-11 Carrier Corporation Échangeur de chaleur en aluminium avec un revêtement anticorrosion
JP2015117873A (ja) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 日本軽金属株式会社 フィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器及びその製造方法
US20150219405A1 (en) * 2014-02-05 2015-08-06 Lennox Industries Inc. Cladded brazed alloy tube for system components
CN104215115B (zh) * 2014-08-18 2016-06-08 珠海格力电器科技有限公司 表冷器翅片及其制备工艺
JP6693699B2 (ja) * 2015-01-23 2020-05-13 株式会社Ａｆｒｅｘ 熱交換器及びその製造方法
JP6611528B2 (ja) * 2015-09-09 2019-11-27 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 空気調和機およびその製造方法
US10334977B2 (en) 2015-09-17 2019-07-02 Lutron Technology Company Llc Mounting bracket lock
US11193715B2 (en) * 2015-10-23 2021-12-07 Hyfra Industriekuhlanlagen Gmbh Method and system for cooling a fluid with a microchannel evaporator
US10619932B2 (en) * 2015-10-23 2020-04-14 Hyfra Industriekuhlanlagen Gmbh System for cooling a fluid with a microchannel evaporator
CN106885481B (zh) * 2016-05-24 2019-03-19 无锡市金城环保炊具设备有限公司 一种烟道口带热烟气余热高效回收利用的技术方法
GB201616495D0 (en) * 2016-09-28 2016-11-09 Electronica Products Limited Liquid cooled heatsink
DE102017210196A1 (de) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-20 Mahle International Gmbh Wärmeübertrager mit mindestens zwei miteinander verklebten und/oder miteinan-der mechanisch gefügten Bauteilen
JP6747488B2 (ja) * 2018-10-29 2020-08-26 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器のフィンの製造方法
EP3899407B1 (fr) * 2018-12-19 2022-04-06 Carrier Corporation Echangeur de chaleur muni d'ailettes ayant des propriétés de protection sacrificielle à la corrosion
WO2020132202A1 (fr) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Carrier Corporation Échangeur de chaleur avec tube plaqué d'alliage d'aluminium et son procédé de fabrication
US11226139B2 (en) 2019-04-09 2022-01-18 Hyfra Industriekuhlanlagen Gmbh Reversible flow evaporator system
JP6844729B2 (ja) * 2020-04-01 2021-03-17 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器のフィン、および熱交換器
CN112113369A (zh) * 2020-09-27 2020-12-22 广州大学 一种可自动除霜或除冰的换热器

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE254843C (fr) *
US3443634A (en) * 1967-04-06 1969-05-13 Peerless Of America Heat exchangers
DE2854233A1 (de) * 1978-12-15 1980-07-03 Apparatebau Wiesloch Gmbh Lamellierte rohre als waermetauscherrohre, bestehend aus verschiedenen werkstoffen zwischen rohr und lamellen
GB2078359B (en) * 1980-06-25 1984-01-11 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Heat exchanger core
CA1164450A (fr) * 1980-07-15 1984-03-27 Masao Takemoto Echangeur de chaleur en aluminium brase
US4410036A (en) * 1980-10-01 1983-10-18 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger made of aluminum alloys and tube material for the heat exchanger
JPS5922623B2 (ja) * 1980-12-08 1984-05-28 富士重工業株式会社 熱交換器の製造方法
GB2110811A (en) * 1981-11-28 1983-06-22 Salter & Co Ltd G Finned tube heat exchanger members
JPS60142195A (ja) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd 内面溝付伝熱管
US4716959A (en) * 1984-08-27 1988-01-05 Sanden Corporation Aluminum heat exchangers and method for producing the same
US5020587A (en) * 1990-11-01 1991-06-04 Lennox Industries Inc. Fully floating tube bundle
US5289872A (en) * 1993-05-21 1994-03-01 General Motors Corporation Sacrificial brackets for aluminum heat exchanger
US5551507A (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-03 Russell A Division Of Ardco, Inc. Finned heat exchanger support system
US5996686A (en) * 1996-04-16 1999-12-07 Wolverine Tube, Inc. Heat transfer tubes and methods of fabrication thereof
US6325138B1 (en) 1996-10-21 2001-12-04 Carrier Corporation Article exhibiting improved resistance to galvanic corrosion
US6578628B1 (en) 1996-10-21 2003-06-17 Carrier Corporation Article exhibiting increased resistance to galvanic corrosion
JP2000297995A (ja) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 配管装置とその製造方法、熱交換器
JP2002168591A (ja) * 2000-11-29 2002-06-14 Denso Corp アルミニウム製熱交換器
US20050155750A1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-21 Mitchell Paul L. Brazed plate fin heat exchanger
EP1794533A4 (fr) * 2004-07-29 2009-12-09 Showa Denko Kk Récupération de chaleur et sa méthode de fabrication
EP1887304B1 (fr) * 2006-08-08 2009-10-14 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Échangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour des véhicules
JP2010112667A (ja) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 空気調和機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130098591A1 (en) 2013-04-25
ES2744883T3 (es) 2020-02-26
WO2012018536A3 (fr) 2012-08-02
DK2598821T3 (da) 2019-10-07
SG187560A1 (en) 2013-03-28
CN103003654A (zh) 2013-03-27
EP2598821A2 (fr) 2013-06-05
WO2012018536A2 (fr) 2012-02-09
CN103003654B (zh) 2016-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2598821B1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur avec tubes et ailettes en aluminium
US7048042B2 (en) Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger for motor vehicles, and method for producing same
EP1906127A2 (fr) Refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation bimétallique, résistant à la corrosion
US20090065185A1 (en) Tube Bundle Heat Exchanger
EP1686343A3 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur et matériau pour l'ailette de l'échangeur de chaleur
US20100059215A1 (en) Plate type oil cooler
US20110277958A1 (en) Heat Exchanger Tank and Related Methods and Apparatuses
JP2010532859A (ja) 熱交換器を有する熱交換装置、および熱交換装置の製造方法
JP5468809B2 (ja) アルミニウム製排ガス用熱交換器の製造方法およびその熱交換器
JP2006071270A (ja) 熱交換器、中間熱交換器及び冷凍サイクル
KR20140032443A (ko) 내부 보호 피복을 갖는 열교환기 튜브용 합금 및 브레이징된 와류 발생기
CN106103803A (zh) 多层镀覆钎焊金属板
JP2008249252A (ja) 熱交換装置
JP6642659B2 (ja) 熱交換器
US20180292137A1 (en) Heat exchangers
MX2008008429A (en) Multi-fluid heat exchanger arrangement
WO2013150766A1 (fr) Tube et échangeur de chaleur utilisant ledit tube
US20080302518A1 (en) Flat tube heat exchanger
EP3623738B1 (fr) Tube d'échangeur de chaleur
JP2014169851A (ja) 熱交換器
JP6003778B2 (ja) 熱交換器の製造方法
AU2017269097B2 (en) High strength and corrosion resistant alloy for use in HVAC&R systems
US8991481B2 (en) Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, and method for manufacturing a cooling tube of a heat exchanger
US20060196645A1 (en) Heat exchanger with multilayer cladded tubes
JP2009228970A (ja) 熱交換器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20130205

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20161117

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20170914

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190206

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602011061604

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: VALIPAT S.A. C/O BOVARD SA NEUCHATEL, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1172939

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190915

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20191003

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191128

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191128

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191230

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2744883

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20200226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191228

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191129

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1172939

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190828

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200224

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602011061604

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG2D Information on lapse in contracting state deleted

Ref country code: IS

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20200731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200721

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200721

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20210622

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190828

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20220621

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20220622

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220731

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230527

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20230801

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20230731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230801

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240620

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230731

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240619

Year of fee payment: 14