EP2570829B1 - Optischer Prozessor - Google Patents

Optischer Prozessor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2570829B1
EP2570829B1 EP12006530.5A EP12006530A EP2570829B1 EP 2570829 B1 EP2570829 B1 EP 2570829B1 EP 12006530 A EP12006530 A EP 12006530A EP 2570829 B1 EP2570829 B1 EP 2570829B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical
processing device
path conversion
optical path
conversion system
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12006530.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2570829A1 (de
Inventor
Seungbum Woo
Jefferson L. Wagener
Ishikawa Takaaki
Susumu Nakaya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujikura Ltd
AFL Telecommunications Inc
Original Assignee
Fujikura Ltd
Nistica Inc
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Publication of EP2570829A1 publication Critical patent/EP2570829A1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29311—Diffractive element operating in transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
    • G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/356—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types in an optical cross-connect device, e.g. routing and switching aspects of interconnecting different paths propagating different wavelengths to (re)configure the various input and output links

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to, for example, a wavelength-selective optical processing device.
  • an optical processing device which includes a dispersion element (for example, a grating) dispersing a beam signal from an input path and an optical path conversion optical system allowing each of the dispersed beams to be incident to any of a plurality of output paths.
  • a dispersion element for example, a grating
  • a DMD Digital Micromirror Device
  • the DMD may selectively switch an optical path of a reflected beam to any one of multiple output paths in a manner such that the directions of the mirror elements are adjusted to control the reflection direction of the beam.
  • US Patent No. 4,926,412 describes a wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer comprising a Fourier lens for focusing a plurality of wavelength components onto a dispersion element.
  • the optical axis of the Fourier lens is aligned with a common optical axis.
  • US Patent No. 7,019,883 B2 relates to a dynamic optical filter having a spatial light modulator.
  • the optical axis of the first optical element is aligned with a common optical axis.
  • Document US 2007/0077003 A1 discloses a wavelength selective optical switch with a plurality of optical ports, a dispersion element, an optical path conversion system and an arrangement of two lenses inclined with respect to one another to avoid multi-reflection of the light between the lenses.
  • the beams dispersed for wavelengths by the dispersion element have different focal positions in accordance with the wavelengths, loss may increase in accordance with the wavelength.
  • This problem may be solved by the combination of multiple lenses having different wavelength dependencies, but in this case, since the optical system becomes complicated, a problem arises in terms of cost or the like.
  • the invention is made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an optical processing device capable of suppressing loss with a simple structure.
  • An optical processing device includes: a beam emission portion which includes a plurality of optical fibers; a dispersion element which disperses a beam emitted from one optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers; a condenser lens which concentrates the beam passing through the dispersion element; and an optical path conversion optical system which converts an optical path of the beam passing through the condenser lens so that the beam is incident to one of the other optical fibers of the plurality of optical fibers, in which an optical axis of the condenser lens is inclined with respect to an optical axis direction from the beam emission portion to the optical path conversion optical system,
  • the inclination angle is set so that a maximum difference in focal position of a plurality of beams having different wavelengths obtained by the dispersion element becomes smaller.
  • the optical path conversion optical system may include a mirror element which reflects the beam at a first reflection point and an intermediate mirror which reflects the beam reflected from the mirror element at an intermediate reflection point, the mirror element reflects the beam reflected from the intermediate mirror at a second reflection point, and the condenser lens forms a focus of the beam at the first reflection point.
  • the optical path conversion optical system may allow each of the beams dispersed by the dispersion element to be incident to different one of the other optical fibers depending on the wavelengths of the beams.
  • the optical axis of the condenser lens is inclined, and the inclination angle is set so that the maximum difference in focal position of a plurality of beams having different wavelengths obtained by the dispersion element becomes smaller. Accordingly, variation in focal position of the plurality of beams can be reduced, and hence reflection loss can be suppressed in the optical path conversion optical system.
  • the high coupling efficiency can be obtained in the wide wavelength region without making the optical system complex, and hence the output characteristics can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical processing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a lens 6 (scan lens) (condenser lens) of the optical processing device 10.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an optical path conversion optical system 7 and a front end portion of an optical fiber 2 of the optical processing device 10.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical path conversion optical system 7 of the optical processing device 10.
  • the optical processing device 10 includes: a beam emission portion 1 which includes a plurality of optical fibers 2; lens 3 and 4 (collimating lenses); a grating 5 (dispersion element) which disperses a beam passing through the lenses 3 and 4; a lens 6 (scan lens) (condenser lens) which focuses a beam passing through the grating 5; and the optical path conversion optical system 7 which converts an optical path of the beam passing through the lens 6.
  • the beam emission portion 1 includes a plurality of optical fibers 2 that propagate a beam input to and output from an external device and a holding portion 20 which holds the fibers arranged in a line in the width direction.
  • a beam emission portion having an optical fiber array may be used.
  • the optical fiber 2 (2A to 2F) may include a plurality of optical fiber groups 9 (9A and 9B).
  • the optical fiber groups 9 include a plurality of optical fibers 2 that is capable of being optically coupled with each other.
  • the optical fibers 2A to 2C constitute a first optical fiber group 9A
  • the optical fibers 2D to 2F constitute a second optical fiber group 9B.
  • each of the optical fiber groups 9 includes three optical fibers 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the optical fiber group may include two or more optical fibers 2.
  • the optical path of a beam L1 emitted from the optical fiber 2B may be converted by the optical path conversion optical system 7, so that the beam may be incident as a returned beam L2 to the optical fibers 2A and 2C (output paths).
  • the optical path of a beam L1 emitted from the optical fiber 2E may be converted by the optical path conversion optical system 7, so that the beam may be incident as a returned beam L2 to the optical fibers 2D and 2F (output paths).
  • the front end surface 2a of the optical fiber 2 as the input path and the front end surface 2a of the optical fiber 2 as the output path be located at the same position in the optical path direction.
  • the front end surfaces 2a of all optical fibers 2 (2A to 2F) arc located at the same position in the optical path direction.
  • the grating 5 may disperse the beam L (beam L1) emitted from the optical fiber 2 into multiple beams having different beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 having different wavelengths (refer to FIG.2 ). There is wavelength dependency in the beam emission direction of the grating 5, and it is desirable that the grating 5 sets different beam incident positions for each wavelength with respect to the optical path conversion optical system 7.
  • the lens 6 (scan lens) focuses the emitted beam L1 passing through the grating 5, and may form a focus inside the optical path conversion optical system 7.
  • the lens 6 collimates multiple beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 having different wavelengths.
  • an optical axis direction D1 of a lens 6 is inclined with respect to optical axis direction D2 from a beam emission portion 1 to an optical path conversion optical system 7.
  • the lens 6 of which the optical axis direction D1 is inclined is indicated by the solid line.
  • the lens 6 which is not inclined is indicated by the chain double-dashed line.
  • the optical axis direction D2 is aligned with the direction of a beam that is collimated by the lens 6 to travel toward the optical path conversion optical system 7.
  • An inclination angle A1 of the optical axis direction D1 of the lens 6 with respect to the optical axis direction D2 is set, as described below, so that a maximum difference in focal position of beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 having different wavelengths becomes smaller compared to the case where the lens 6 is not inclined (as depicted by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 ). It is desirable that the inclination angle A1 be set so that the maximum difference in focal position of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 becomes the minimum.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 converts the optical path of the beam L1 emitted from one optical fiber 2 of the plurality of optical fibers 2, so that the beam is incident as the returned beam L2 (beam L) to the other optical fiber 2.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 includes a body portion 11 and an intermediate reflection portion 12 which is installed at the returning direction side of the body portion 11 (the left side in FIGS. 3 and 4 ) with a gap with respect to the body portion 11.
  • the body portion 11 includes a support portion 13 and a plurality of mirror elements 15 (15a, 15b, 15c, ...) which are installed at the surface on the returning direction side of the support portion 13.
  • the mirror elements 15 may be disposed in parallel in an area along the surface on the returning direction side of the support portion 13, thereby forming a mirror element assembly 15A.
  • each of the mirror elements 15 is adjustable, and when the reflection direction of the beam is controlled by adjusting the inclination, the optical path of the reflected beam can be set.
  • a DMD Digital Micromirror Device having a plurality of micromirror elements, each of which is individually actuatable, may be used.
  • the intermediate reflection portion 12 includes a frame 18 which has a plurality of window portions 17 allowing beams to pass therethrough and a plurality of intermediate mirrors 19 (19a to 19d) installed in the frame 18.
  • the intermediate mirrors 19 are installed at the surface on the emission direction (the right side in FIGS. 3 and 4 ) of the frame 18 so that the beam reflected from the mirror elements 15 is reflected toward another mirror element 15.
  • the intermediate mirrors 19 are installed with an interval in the vertical direction in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • each window portion 17 is formed between the intermediate mirrors 19 which are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 converts the optical paths of the beams dispersed by the grating 5 into different optical paths in accordance with the mirror elements 15, so that the returned beam L2 can be incident to any one of the optical fibers 2.
  • the returned beam L2 may be incident to the different optical fiber 2 in accordance with each wavelength.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 may function as a switch optical system.
  • the optical processing device 10 functions as a wavelength-selective switch.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 may control the direction of the beam so as not to incident to the optical fiber 2, the optical path conversion optical system may select whether the beam of each wavelength is individually incident to one of the other optical fibers 2 or is not incident to any of the other optical fibers 2.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 may also function as a block optical system.
  • the optical processing device 10 functions as a wavelength blocker.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 may convert the optical path so that the beam is incident to the optical fiber 2 by attenuating the beam of each wavelength with a predetermined attenuation rate. For example, a beam of a predetermined wavelength may be incident to the optical fiber 2 while attenuating the beam by adjusting the reflection amount using the mirror elements 15.
  • the optical path conversion optical system 7 may also function as a filter optical system.
  • the optical processing device 10 functions as a wavelength filter.
  • the beam propagated inside the optical fiber 2 and the beam L1 emitted from the optical fiber 2 may be a wavelength multiplexed light containing multiple signal beams having different wavelengths.
  • the beam L1 emitted from the front end surface 2a of the optical fiber 2 is collimated by the lenses 3 and 4 (collimating lenses), and then is dispersed into multiple beams having different wavelengths by the grating 5.
  • the dispersed emitted beams L1 travels toward the optical path conversion optical system 7 while being focused by the lens 6 (scan lens).
  • the emitted beam L1 passes through each window portion 17 of the intermediate reflection portion 12 and arrives at each mirror element 15, and the beam reflected from the mirror elements 15 travels toward the intermediate mirror 19.
  • the beam L1 emitted from the optical fiber 2B is reflected by the mirror element 15b, and then the reflected beams L3 and L4 having different wavelengths may respectively travel toward the intermediate mirrors 19a and 19b.
  • the point where the emitted beam L1 is initially reflected by the mirror element 15 is referred to as a first reflection point R1 (refer to FIG. 4 ).
  • the first reflection point R1 is the mirror element 15b.
  • the reflected beams L3 and L4 are respectively reflected by the intermediate mirrors 19a and 19b, the reflected beams L5 and L6 respectively travel toward the mirror elements 15a and 15c to be reflected by the mirror elements 15a and 15c, and then the reflected beam (returned beam L2) passes through the window portion 17 of the intermediate reflection portion 12 to travel toward the optical fibers 2A and 2C (output path) (refer to FIG. 3 ).
  • the point where the beams L3 and L4 are reflected by the intermediate mirror 19 (19a and 19b) is referred to as an intermediate reflection point Ri.
  • the point where the beams L5 and L6 reflected from the intermediate mirror 19 are reflected by the mirror element 15 is referred to as a second reflection point R2.
  • the second reflection point R2 is the mirror elements 15a and 15c.
  • the emitted beam L1 is dispersed by a grating 5 into the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 having different wavelengths, is focused, and arrives at the optical path conversion optical system 7 (especially, refer to FIG. 5 ).
  • the focal positions of the beams L ⁇ 1 ] to L ⁇ 7 may be different from each other.
  • the depth direction indicates the rightward direction in FIGS. 1 to 5 .
  • the focal position of the emitted beam L1 (beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 ) be a first reflection point R1 or the vicinity thereof.
  • the inclination angle A1 of the lens 6 shown in FIG. 2 is set so that the maximum difference in focal position of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 becomes smaller compared to the case where the lens 6 is not inclined (as depicted by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 ). It is desirable that the inclination angle A1 be set so that the maximum difference in focal position of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 becomes the minimum.
  • the focal position of the beam L ⁇ 1 of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 is the shallowest, and the focal position of the beam L ⁇ 5 is the deepest will be explained.
  • the optical path up to the optical path conversion optical system 7 becomes shorter with regard to the beam L ⁇ 1 , and the optical path becomes longer with regard to the beam L ⁇ 5 . For this reason, a difference between the focal position of the beam L ⁇ 1 and the focal position of the beam L ⁇ 5 (a distance in the depth direction) can be decreased.
  • the focuses of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 can be formed at a position adjacent to the mirror element 15.
  • the loss at the time of reflection may be reduced by decreasing the beam diameters of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 incident to the mirror element 15.
  • the high coupling efficiency can be obtained in the wide wavelength region without making the optical system complex, and hence the output characteristics may be improved.
  • the returned beam L2 is collimated by the lens 6, is focused by the lenses 3 and 4, and is incident to the front end surface 2a of the optical fiber 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a simulation result with respect to the inclination angle A1 of the lens 6.
  • a difference between the shallowest optimal position and the deepest optimal position is substantially minimal.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a simulation result with respect to the inclination angle A1 of the lens 6.
  • the coupling efficiency with respect to the optical fiber 2 (output path) is obtained for each of the beams L ⁇ 1 to L ⁇ 7 (respectively having wavelengths ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 7).
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a specific configuration of the optical processing device 10.
  • the optical processing device 10 shown in the drawing includes a case 21 that is provided with: the beam emission portion 1; the lens 3 and 4 (collimating lenses); the gratings 5A and 5B which disperse the beam from the lenses 3 and 4; the lens 6 (scan lens); and the optical path conversion optical system 7.
  • the symbols 22 to 24 denote the mirrors.
  • the number of the optical fibers of the beam emission portion 1 is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily, for example, three or more. Further, the number of the mirror elements of the optical path conversion optical system may be arbitrarily set to one or more. Furthermore, the number of times of reflecting the beam in the mirror element and the intermediate mirror is not limited to the above-described example.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Optische Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (10) umfassend:
    eine Vielzahl von optischen Anschlüssen;
    ein Dispersionselement (5) zum räumlichen Verbreitern eines von den optischen Anschlüssen empfangenen optischen Strahls zu einer Vielzahl von Wellenlängen-Bestandteilen;
    ein System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) zum Empfangen der Vielzahl von Wellenlängen-Bestandteilen und Richten von mindestens einem der Wellenlängen-Bestandteile in gewählter Weise auf einen der optischen Anschlüsse; und
    mindestens ein erstes optisches Element zum Fokussieren von jedem der von dem System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) empfangenen Vielzahl von Wellenlängen-Bestandteilen an einer Fokusposition und zum Kollimieren des von dem System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) empfangenen, in gewählter Weise gerichteten mindestens einen Wellenlängen-Bestandteils, wobei das erste optische Element eine Kondensorlinse (6) beinhaltet; dadurch gekennzeichnet dass
    eine optische Achse (D1) des mindestens ersten optischen Elementes in Bezug auf eine optische Achsenrichtung (D2) von den optischen Anschlüssen zu dem System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) derart geneigt ist, dass eine maximale Distanz zwischen den Fokuspositionen entlang der optischen Achsenrichtung (D2) verringert ist im Vergleich zu einem Fall, wo die optische Achse (D1) des mindestens ersten optischen Elementes nicht geneigt ist, wobei diese Verringerung das Problem löst, von dem ersten optischen Element eingeführte chromatische Aberrationen zu kompensieren.
  2. Optische Verarbeitungsvoruchtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei das System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) eine digitale Mikrospiegel-Vorrichtung (DMD) beinhaltet, von welcher mindestens ein Wellenlängen-Bestandteil mindestens zweimal reflektiert wird, bevor er zu einem ausgewählten der optischen Anschlüsse gerichtet wird.
  3. Optische Verarbeitungsvoruchtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei die DMD ein Feld von einzeln betätigbaren Spiegelelementen (15) zum in gewählter Weise Reflektieren der Wellenlängen-Bestandteile beinhaltet und wobei das System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) ferner ein zweites optisches Element zum Empfangen der reflektierten Wellenlängen-Bestandteile von der DMD und um diese auf ausgewählte der Spiegelelemente (15) der DMD zurück zu richten beinhaltet.
  4. Optische Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei die Fokuspositionen ungefähr übereinstimmend mit den betätigbaren Spiegelelementen (15) sind.
  5. Optische Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei das zweite optische Element eine Vielzahl von ebenen Spiegeln mir reflektierenden Oberflächen beinhaltet, welche reflektierenden Oberflächen der Spiegelelemente (15) der DMD zugewandt sind.
  6. Optische Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei das System zur Konversion des Strahlengangs (7) dazu konfiguriert ist, jeden der Wellenlängen-Bestandteile in gewählter Weise zu jeweils einem verschiedenen der optischem Anschlüsse zu richten.
  7. Optische Verarbeitungsvoruchtung (10) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das mindestens erste optische Element eine Vielzahl von optischen Elementen beinhaltet.
EP12006530.5A 2011-09-15 2012-09-17 Optischer Prozessor Active EP2570829B1 (de)

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US7019883B2 (en) * 2001-04-03 2006-03-28 Cidra Corporation Dynamic optical filter having a spatial light modulator
US20100321754A1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-23 Olympus Corporation Wavelength selective switch

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US8368987B1 (en) 2013-02-05
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