EP2565567A1 - Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2565567A1
EP2565567A1 EP11179316A EP11179316A EP2565567A1 EP 2565567 A1 EP2565567 A1 EP 2565567A1 EP 11179316 A EP11179316 A EP 11179316A EP 11179316 A EP11179316 A EP 11179316A EP 2565567 A1 EP2565567 A1 EP 2565567A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
nitrogen
oxygen
container
mixing ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11179316A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2565567B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Lürken
Helmut Henrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH, Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH
Priority to EP11179316.2A priority Critical patent/EP2565567B1/fr
Publication of EP2565567A1 publication Critical patent/EP2565567A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2565567B1 publication Critical patent/EP2565567B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/006—Safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/102—Stationary cabinets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/105—Movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F25D2700/122—Sensors measuring the inside temperature of freezer compartments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for cooling and generating an air-like atmosphere, in particular for cooling refrigerated goods in a cooling area, preferably with an application in refrigerated vehicles.
  • the prior art describes various methods and devices for cooling refrigerated goods.
  • the present invention is concerned with the cooling using cryogenic gases, which are stored and applied in particular in liquefied form. Many of these applications are operated or supervised by humans. In particular, when freezing and transporting goods, in most cases foods, people must have access to the devices and the refrigerated or refrigerated goods. This presupposes that there is an atmosphere that is breathable and safe for humans.
  • the application should be possible on refrigerated vehicles.
  • the inventive method for cooling refrigerated goods by means of at least one refrigerated liquefied gas, wherein the cooling takes place in a cooling area in which at least temporarily an air-like and safe for humans breathable atmosphere is required is characterized in that at least one first container with karlteverginatem Oxygen (LOX) and at least one second container with nitrogen liquefied nitrogen (LIN) are connected via supply lines to the cooling area, wherein a regulator causes nitrogen and oxygen to be supplied to the cooling area in such a ratio that there is a mixing ratio approximately corresponding to is maintained in the natural earth atmosphere.
  • LOX kylteverginatem Oxygen
  • LIN nitrogen liquefied nitrogen
  • the concept of the invention is to supply either cryogenic nitrogen or cryogenic oxygen directly to a cooling area for cooling, which only leads to low cooling losses, provided that the cooling area is completed and well insulated. Nevertheless, people can stay in this area at any time as long as it is ensured that if there is a shortage of oxygen cooled with oxygen we will be cooled and if there is too much oxygen enrichment with nitrogen.
  • the nitrogen and oxygen are fed separately to the cooling zone.
  • no precise mixing devices are required to ensure a desired ratio, but the component required in each case can be supplied by very simple control operations in an appropriate amount. It is not necessary to use two completely separate feed systems, but it is also possible to alternately feed a feed system with nitrogen or oxygen as needed.
  • nitrogen and oxygen are first mixed and the resulting mixture is fed to the cooling zone.
  • This variant is particularly suitable for maintaining a specific mixing ratio in the cooling area exactly and to maintain a continuous feed.
  • the control of the supply of nitrogen and oxygen by means of a control device which is connected to a temperature sensor and / or a mixture ratio of nitrogen and oxygen in the cooling area detecting gas sensor is connected, wherein the control device, the temperature measured by the temperature sensor with a predefinable setpoint temperature and the measured by the gas sensor mixing ratio of nitrogen and oxygen with a desired range, preferably approximately equal to the mixing ratio in the earth's atmosphere, and compares with the set temperature and / or deviation of the mixing ratio of the target range cryogenic oxygen and / or nitrogen are supplied, in such quantities that the setpoint temperature is exceeded and the mixing ratio is in the desired range.
  • the target range for oxygen between 18 and 22% on the one hand for human respiration well-suited and on the other hand not associated with an increased fire hazard, it can be supplied at a oxygen content of 20% and exceeding the target temperature either cryogenic oxygen or cryogenic nitrogen become. Both substances can be used simultaneously for cooling. However, if the oxygen content reaches 22%, then with further cooling required only nitrogen can be used for cooling, the oxygen content falls to 18%, so only oxygen can be used for cooling. Despite the simple control structure, effective cooling can be achieved. Of course, more can be done in the control room Measured values, z. B. on the remaining stocks of oxygen and nitrogen processed and taken into account in the scheme.
  • the invention is provided in a preferred embodiment, the supply of oxygen and nitrogen to stop completely when one of the components is not or no longer available with a required minimum pressure. This can be accomplished by simple safety valves that only open when a certain minimum pressure is applied. In this way, malfunctions of the control are prevented, because neither nitrogen nor oxygen can be supplied, unless the other component is available for balancing and producing the desired mixing ratio.
  • FIG. 1 A supply of liquid nitrogen LIN in a first container 1 and a supply of liquid oxygen LOX in a second container 2 is shown.
  • a first feed line 3 leads via a connecting line 19 to a distribution device 11, with the liquid nitrogen, possibly even partially transferred to the gaseous state, can be distributed in a cooling region 20.
  • liquid oxygen LOX can be supplied from the second container 2 via a second supply line 4 and the connection line 19 to the distribution device 11.
  • a first supply valve 5 and a safety valve 7 are arranged one behind the other. The safety valve 7 opens only when a sufficient pressure is applied via a pressure line 10, which is exactly the case when the pressure in the second container 2 is sufficiently high.
  • a second supply valve 6 and a second safety valve 8 are arranged in the second supply line 4, wherein the safety valve 8 opens exactly when a sufficiently high pressure corresponding to the pressure in the first container 1 via a first pressure line 9. If the first container 1 or the second container 2 is empty, then the safety valves 7, 8 cause that no gas can be removed from the respective other container. If both containers 1, 2 have sufficient supply and pressure, the device can cool as intended.
  • a temperature sensor 14 measures the temperature in the cooling region 20 and forwards this information via a signal line 15 to a control device 16.
  • a gas sensor 13 measures the mixing ratio of nitrogen and oxygen in the cooling region 20 and also forwards this information to the control device 16 via a signal line 15.
  • the control device 16 is given a desired temperature, beyond which a cooling process is triggered. Reports the temperature sensor 14 a temperature exceeded, so decides the reading of the gas sensor 13, whether oxygen or nitrogen is used for cooling.
  • a limit for example, specify 20% oxygen content, so that when it exceeds nitrogen and when it falls below Oxygen is used as a coolant.
  • a more complex regulation may make sense. For example, a target range of 18 to 22% oxygen content may be considered permissible, and the controller may then use the distance of the actual value measured by the gas sensor 13 from the limits of the target range to use either nitrogen or oxygen or both for cooling.
  • a uniform distribution of the gases and the cold can be achieved by a blower 17.
  • the device described here schematically and the associated control can be used in closed systems, for example in cooling chambers or refrigerated vehicles, but also in open systems, such as. B. occur in the production of frozen food in large production halls.
  • the invention even allows previously closed systems with ventilation or suction to be integrated as open systems in a walk-in area, since in the sum for cooling always one of the natural earth atmosphere very similar composition of nitrogen and oxygen can be used. This may even require less cooling for the entire walk-in area.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows the application of the present invention to a refrigerated vehicle 18, it should be noted that such a refrigerated vehicle 18 may also have a plurality of separate and separately cooled chambers with different temperature. For simplicity, however, only the cooling of a cooling area 20 with refrigerated goods 12 will be described here.
  • the first container 1 and the second container 2 are arranged in the floor area.
  • several small tanks or tanks of different sizes may be present, with only about a fifth or because of the lower boiling point a little more of the available Storage volume for liquid oxygen must be available.
  • the refrigerated vehicle 18 has a supply means 21 for liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which are structurally based on Fig.
  • liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen are directed to the distribution device 11, preferably arranged above in the cooling region 20.
  • a fan 17 can be used for uniform distribution of the temperature in the cooling region 20.
  • a gas sensor 13 and a temperature sensor 14 measure the temperature and the mixing ratio of nitrogen and oxygen in the cooling region 20 and forward this information to the control device 16 via signal lines 15.
  • the controller 16 then controls the feeder 21 in the basis of Fig. 1 already described.
  • the present invention allows the economical use of cold-liquefied oxygen and nitrogen for cooling refrigerated goods in a cooling area, at any time for people and equipment safe oxygen content can be guaranteed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP11179316.2A 2011-08-30 2011-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement Not-in-force EP2565567B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11179316.2A EP2565567B1 (fr) 2011-08-30 2011-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11179316.2A EP2565567B1 (fr) 2011-08-30 2011-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2565567A1 true EP2565567A1 (fr) 2013-03-06
EP2565567B1 EP2565567B1 (fr) 2016-11-30

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EP11179316.2A Not-in-force EP2565567B1 (fr) 2011-08-30 2011-08-30 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et de production d'une atmosphère similaire à l'air et véhicule de refroidissement

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4018265C1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-11-14 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De Emergency refrigeration of cold room - involves pouring liq. nitrogen and liq. oxygen into room for evaporative cooling
US5921091A (en) * 1996-10-09 1999-07-13 American Air Liquide, Incorporated Liquid air food freezer and method
EP0983729A1 (fr) 1998-09-02 2000-03-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Méthode et dispoitif pour congeler des produits alimentaire
EP1593918A2 (fr) 2004-05-06 2005-11-09 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Refroidissement indirect pour des véhicules frigorifiques
WO2009147193A1 (fr) 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et dispositif pour refroidir l’espace intérieur d’un véhicule de transport réfrigéré

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4018265C1 (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-11-14 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De Emergency refrigeration of cold room - involves pouring liq. nitrogen and liq. oxygen into room for evaporative cooling
US5921091A (en) * 1996-10-09 1999-07-13 American Air Liquide, Incorporated Liquid air food freezer and method
EP0983729A1 (fr) 1998-09-02 2000-03-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Méthode et dispoitif pour congeler des produits alimentaire
EP1593918A2 (fr) 2004-05-06 2005-11-09 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Refroidissement indirect pour des véhicules frigorifiques
WO2009147193A1 (fr) 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et dispositif pour refroidir l’espace intérieur d’un véhicule de transport réfrigéré

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