EP2558184A1 - Dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide

Info

Publication number
EP2558184A1
EP2558184A1 EP11714651A EP11714651A EP2558184A1 EP 2558184 A1 EP2558184 A1 EP 2558184A1 EP 11714651 A EP11714651 A EP 11714651A EP 11714651 A EP11714651 A EP 11714651A EP 2558184 A1 EP2558184 A1 EP 2558184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
container
gas
adsorption treatment
connection devices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP11714651A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Georg Anfang
Christian Hamel
Norbert Modl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clariant Produkte Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Sued Chemie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202010016522U external-priority patent/DE202010016522U1/de
Priority claimed from DE102010014890A external-priority patent/DE102010014890A1/de
Application filed by Sued Chemie AG filed Critical Sued Chemie AG
Publication of EP2558184A1 publication Critical patent/EP2558184A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0415—Beds in cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L37/00—Couplings of the quick-acting type
    • F16L37/60—Couplings of the quick-acting type with plug and fixed wall housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H01M8/0675—Removal of sulfur
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40084—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by exchanging used adsorbents with fresh adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/401—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using a single bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0423—Beds in columns
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for Ad ⁇ sorption of a fluid or fluid flow, a INTENT an apparatus for adsorption of a fluid or fluid flow, a method for regenerating and / or disposal, filling and / or installation of an apparatus for adsorption of a fluid or fluid stream and a method for adsorption treatment of
  • Fluids or fluid stream in particular natural gas or liquid gas for fuel cells.
  • the invention relates to a device for desulfurization of a gaseous hydrocarbon stream and a corresponding method, in particular for use in combination with a fuel cell device.
  • Reforming reaction a downstream water gas shift reaction and possibly a CO fine cleaning reaction such.
  • B the selective CO methanation reaction.
  • most of the primary sources of energy that can be used to catalytically generate hydrogen include amounts of sulfur. These are sometimes added to the fuel from ⁇ clearly as so-called odorant to warn Men ⁇ dominate any leaks. Odoration serves as a safety measure when using otherwise odorless gases and refers to the addition of odoriferous substances (odorants), which should have a typical odor for the hazard. Odorants still cause alarm associations in humans to a great extent.
  • Liquefied natural gas and gas therefore contain, in addition to natural sulfur compounds such as H 2 S and COS, typically sulfur-containing odor ⁇ tioning agents such as tetrahydrothiophene (THT) or mercaptans or mixtures of methanethiol, ethanethiol, propan-1-thiol and 2-methyl-propane-2-thiol , and tert. Butylmercaptan (TBM).
  • TTT tetrahydrothiophene
  • TBM Butylmercaptan
  • a suitable desulfurization stage is therefore a prerequisite for the use of hydrocarbons as fuel in a fuel cell.
  • the process engineering of the desulfurization differ greatly depending on the hydrocarbon used.
  • adsorptive desulfurization stages are sought, which can be operated at room temperature and room pressure with the highest possible selectivity.
  • Adsorptive desorbing processes with solid adsorbents are used in many fuel cell applications and are relatively easy to implement in terms of process requirements, eg room temperature and room pressure.
  • WO 2010/023249 A1 describes an adsorber material and a process for the desulfurization of hydrocarbon-containing gases.
  • low temperatures and reaction pressures on the other hand mean comparatively low sulfur uptake capacities. The episode are relatively large
  • Adsorber beds or fast exchange intervals The capacity of the respective adsorbent did strongly depends on the Georgiaset ⁇ wetting of the hydrocarbon and the concentration and type of sulfur compounds from.
  • the materials used are z.
  • Zeolite systems metal and mixed metal (oxide) catalysts, clay minerals and combinations of materials in mixed bed and multicomponent systems.
  • a generally valid classification of the adsorbent in a used desulphurisation cartridge can not be made for this reason.
  • various other substances may or may not be adsorbed in addition to the sulfur compounds.
  • replacement of the used adsorbent by opening the cartridge is only carried out by persons with specialist knowledge and safety equipment .
  • the object of the invention is to provide a safe device for ad ⁇ sorption treatment of a fluid, in which the connection to a fluid line, the regeneration and / or disposal of the adsorbent and the changing process of the device as simple and safe as possible and the operation of the device great reliability.
  • apparatus for adsorbing a fluid or fluid stream comprising a container for receiving adsorbent material, the container having a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port, and two fluid port devices, one of the fluid port devices at the fluid inlet port. is provided and the other of the Fluidan ⁇ closing devices is provided at the fluid outlet opening, wherein the fluid connection devices verrie ⁇ gelt fluid-tight and are designed such that they are each connected to a fluid line connection piece and unlocked and provided that they are connected to the respective
  • Fluid line connector are connected, unlocked or unlocked.
  • One embodiment relates to the use of an apparatus for adsorption of a fluid or fluid stream according to the above embodiment for the desulfurization of a combustion fluid, in particular natural gas or LPG, fuel cells for fuel ⁇ .
  • a method for regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing a device for adsorbing a fluid or fluid stream according to the above-mentioned embodiment comprising at least one of the steps of: removing the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow; contains the container to be regenerated and / or ent ⁇ chipsdes adsorber, by a device, an adsorption treatment was performed at or in the, connectors by releasing the fluid connection devices of Fluid effets- which are connected to the device;
  • Adsorbermaterial and locked fluid connection devices to a regeneration and / or disposal station; Rinsing the container to be regenerated and / or disposed Adsorbermaterial contains, with gas, inert gas, inert fluid,
  • Fluid connecting devices Transporting the container with the regenerated or unused adsorbent material and locked fluid connection devices while the container is filled with inert gas, inert fluid, or inert gas; Trans ⁇ portieren the container with the regenerated or unused adsorbent material and locked fluid connection devices to a device on or in which an adsorption treatment is to be performed; Connecting fluid line fittings to the device at or in which an adsorption treatment is to be performed; Installing the apparatus for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream on or in a device at or in which an adsorption treatment is to be carried out while the container is filled with regenerated or unused material
  • a method for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream is specified, in particular for the desulphurisation of natural gas or liquid gas for fuel cells, comprising: providing a device for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow according to the above-mentioned embodiment, wherein the container is or is filled with an adsorbent material for the adsorption treatment of fluids, connecting a fluid supply line to a first fluid line connection piece and a fluid conduit having a second fluid conduit fitting, connecting the first and second fluid conduit fittings to the fluid coupling device of the sorption treatment device for a fluid or fluid stream thereby unlocking the fluid connection devices, and introducing a fluid into or passing a fluid through the adsorption treatment device of the fluid.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. G. 3 is a schematic representation of another device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4a shows a schematic representation of a further device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic representation of another device according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 5a is a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • 5b is a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • 5c is a schematic representation of a device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 d shows schematic representations (FIGS. 5 d0 to 5 d 3) of a device according to an embodiment
  • the apparatus for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow will also be described hereinafter Cartridge called.
  • the fluid connection devices are in
  • fluid flow described can also be used for the treatment of a stationary fluid.
  • an apparatus for Adsorpti- onsà a fluid or fluid stream comprising ⁇ send a container for receiving Adsorbermaterial, wherein the container has a fluid inlet opening and a fluid outlet opening, and two fluid connection devices, wherein one of the fluid connection devices provided at the fluid inlet opening is and the other of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid outlet opening, wherein the fluid connection devices verrie ⁇ gel fluid-tight and are designed such that they are each connectable with a fluid line connection piece and unlocked and provided that they with the respective
  • Fluid line connector are connected, unlocked or unlocked.
  • the fluid connection devices may also be designed so that they are fluid-tight, provided that they are not connected to the respective fluid line connection piece.
  • the device for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream can be used for the desulfurization of a combustion fluid, in particular especially natural gas or liquefied gas, used for fuel cells.
  • the device can also be equipped only with a fluid connection device.
  • the device for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow is also referred to here as an adsorption treatment device or apparatus.
  • Embodiments of the invention allow Adsorpti ⁇ ons compassion of fluids with an intrinsically safe device, eg for the desulfurization of hydrocarbons, which is sealed gas-tight after removal from the gas line.
  • an intrinsically safe device eg for the desulfurization of hydrocarbons
  • the intrinsically safe device locks automatically during manual removal from the gas line due to the function. Exposure to pollutants and the escape of flammable gases are thus safely avoided.
  • the device according to embodiments may according to the
  • Removal be sent to a disposal company, be opened by out ⁇ educated people and the adsorber of the corresponding reprocessing or disposal are supplied before the device is refilled with new material and can be fed to the cycle again.
  • the unlocked fluid port devices may secure the fluid line fittings, eg, against unwanted detachment.
  • the Fluidan gleich- devices may be configured such that the fluid line ⁇ fittings are secured against when unlocking the Fluidan gleichvorrichtun-.
  • the fluid connection devices can be designed such that they can be used by means of
  • the respective fluid line connecting pieces can be locked manually or automatically, for example by actuation or detachment of the respective fluid line connecting pieces.
  • at least one of the Fluidan gleichvorrichtun- gene is designed such that it with the respective Fluidlei- Connection piece successively or simultaneously connected and unlocked.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cartridge 10.
  • the cartridge 10 comprises a container 11 whose walls are made of a material, eg stainless steel, which makes the interior 12 of the container suitable for sealing gases power.
  • the container may be gefer ⁇ Untitled for example of plastic or metal, particularly preferred materials are PE (polyethylene) z.
  • the container 11 has an inlet opening 14 as a fluid inlet opening and an outlet opening 16 as a fluid outlet opening.
  • a gas socket 17 is attached to the openings 14 and 16 as a fluid connection device in a gas-tight manner.
  • the gas sockets 17 each have a Fluid takepoundka- channel 19 and may be welded at one end 13 to the container 11 or removably connected to the container 11, for example by means of a gas-tight thread, not shown in Fig. 1, gas-tight.
  • the gas sockets 17 are respectively gas-tightly locked at the respective other end facing away from the container 11 in the unconnected state there, which is shown schematically in FIG. 1 as an example with bars 18 as the closing body.
  • the gas sockets 17 are formed such that they can be connected and unlocked at the end 15 with a gas connector 20 as a fluid line connecting piece and are unlocked on condition that they are connected to the respective gas connector 20.
  • the gas outlets 17 may be designed to operate under the tion, that they are connected to the respective gas plug 20 can be unlocked.
  • the fluid connection devices may be welded and / or glued to the container 11. As a result, non-destructive disassembly of the secure fluid connection device is possible.
  • the fluid connection devices each have a fluid flow channel and a movable closing body, wherein the closing body fluid-tightly closes the fluid flow channel and the fluid ⁇ connecting devices are designed such that the je ⁇ perige closing body is moved by connecting the Fluidan gleichvor- direction with the fluid line connection piece and opens the fluid flow channel, and / or is moved by releasing the fluid line connection piece and closes the fluid flow channel.
  • the closure member may be such pre ⁇ biased that when the fluid connection device is not coupled to a corresponding fluid conduit fitting, the fluid connection device is locked and when the fluid line connection piece is released, is automatically locked.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically an embodiment of the gas outlet 17 and the gas connector 20, the illustrations in Fig. 2 from left to right illustrate the process of connecting the Gasste ⁇ ckers 20 with the gas outlet 17.
  • the movable latch 18 is biased within ⁇ half a locking device 21, for example with a spring (not shown), and up to a stop slidably mounted point.
  • the bolt 18 is biased so ⁇ that he, if no gas plug 20 is connected to the gas outlet 17, the opening of the container 11 facing away from the end 15 of the gas plug 20 gas-tightly closes.
  • the gas connector 20 is first next to the bolt 18 inserted into an opening of the locking device (left-hand diagram in Fig into diesel ser embodiment. 2. The gas plug 20 is then in such a manner before the end 15 of the gas socket 17 displaces that the bolt 18 is displaced to its stop point and the opening of the gas socket is exposed and aligned with the gas plug ⁇ tet (middle view in Fig. 2) Finally, the gas plug 20 in the flow channel 19 of the gas outlet pre ⁇ inserted, and a gas-tight connection of the gas plug 20 to the gas outlet 17 is produced (right-hand illustration in Fig. 2).
  • the gas outlets 17 are designed to work with the condition that they the respective gas plug 20 are connected, are unlocked.
  • a stopcock e.g. a ball valve, a plug cock or a piston cock be integrated, wherein a ball, a plug or a piston serves as a movable closing body accordingly.
  • At least one gas socket 17 and the associated gas plug are combined as a combination. ned plug and rotary coupling executed, wherein the plug and rotary coupling has an internal, closed in the uncoupled state and opened in the coupled state ball valve.
  • the Gasste ⁇ cker an inner coupling member and the gas outlet an exterior coupling as a plug coupling parts.
  • the plug and rotary coupling in the end 15 of the gas socket 17 ei ⁇ nen ball valve as a rotary coupling part.
  • the ball valve and the in ⁇ denominator and outer coupling pieces are designed so that the ball valve by rotation of the inner clutch piece of the Gasste- thickener is opened in the outer clutch piece of the gas outlet 17 and so the gas outlet is unlocked 17th
  • the plug and rotary coupling is designed so that the gas plug is secured during rotation of the gas outlet.
  • a groove is also provided on the inner coupling piece of the gas connector, into which a corresponding projection provided in the gas socket can engage when introducing the gas connector. Additionally are on
  • Gas plug provided a red and a green mark.
  • the gas outlet has a viewing window, the kor ⁇ respondiert with the marks, depending on the position of the gas plug in the gas outlet.
  • the gas connector For connecting the gas connector to the gas socket of the vorlie ⁇ ing embodiment, the gas connector is oriented such that the groove engage in the projection of the gas socket can. Then the gas plug is inserted into the gas socket so far that the red mark appears in the viewing window. As a result, the gas plug is connected to the gas socket, while the gas outlet 17 is gas-tightly locked. Subsequently, the gas plug is turned through the gas outlet 17, wherein the gas outlet is bolted ent ⁇ by opening the ball valve and the gas plug is ge ⁇ same time secures against peeling. This condition is indicated by the appearance of the green mark in the viewing window.
  • the gas socket 17 is thus formed in the present embodiment so that it can be unlocked provided that it is connected to the gas plug.
  • the gas plug to release the gas plug, it is rotated in the gas socket, in a direction opposite to the rotation in unlocking.
  • the ball valve is closed thereby, whereby the gas socket is locked gas-tight.
  • the gas plug is unlocked and the red mark appears in the viewing window. Then the connection of the gas plug with the gas socket can be solved.
  • the gas plugs are connected according to embodiments in each case with a gas line as the fluid line, which is not shown in Fig. 2.
  • the two fluid line connecting pieces are thus designed such that they can each be connected to one of the two fluid connection devices and a fluid line, for example a flexible gas hose.
  • the unlocked fluid connection devices can secure the fluid line fittings connected to them.
  • this fuse as described above, by locking the bolt 17 in a groove on the gas plug 20 can be realized.
  • the container 11 contains one or more adsorber materials (not shown in the figures), eg adsorber materials for the desulfurization of liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas gas or other hydrocarbons.
  • the container may contain a plurality of adsorber materials and the adsorber materials may be present in a mixed bed or as multicomponent adsorber material. The used
  • Adsorber materials are z. Classic
  • the adsorption treatment device may comprise a thermally triggered fluid shut-off device and / or a fluid flow monitor.
  • the thermally activating fluid shut-off device may be a thermally triggering shut-off device (TAE) 30, as shown schematically with the cartridge 101 in FIG. 3.
  • TEE thermally triggering shut-off device
  • the thermally activated shut-off device 30 includes a solder that melts in case of fire and the gas flow un ⁇ interrupts.
  • a gas flow monitor (not shown in FIG. 3) can be integrated as a fluid flow monitor, which automatically automatically interrupts the gas flow rate if the gas line is intentionally or accidentally damaged.
  • the functioning of a thermal shut-off device and a gas flow monitor are z. In the
  • the container for reversible filling with the adsorbent material may comprise an opening and closing element, which is a safety device for
  • Prevented tampering selected from: a cover of the opening and closing element and a special screw connection, which can only be opened with a special tool.
  • the security device may also be a seal.
  • the cartridge can be designed so that the container 11 can be opened at one point by means of screwing the cartridge.
  • Examples of this embodiment are shown in Figs. 4a and 4b as cartridges 103 and 105.
  • the containers of the cartridges 103 and 105 are made, such as in particular from Fig. 4b, depending ⁇ wells of two halves 40 and 42.
  • the half 40 has an internal thread and the half 42 has an external thread and the halves 40 and 42 may this Threaded together gas-tight.
  • This gland contains too ⁇ additional safety features to avoid Fremdmanipu ⁇ lation.
  • Fig. 4a and 4b The containers of the cartridges 103 and 105 are made, such as in particular from Fig. 4b, depending ⁇ wells of two halves 40 and 42.
  • the half 40 has an internal thread and the half 42 has an external thread and the halves 40 and 42 may this Threaded together gas-tight.
  • This gland contains too ⁇ additional safety features to avoid Fremdmanipu ⁇
  • a removable sleeve 50 is provided over the screw which surrounds the periphery of the container and is fastened by means of a special screw 52 on the screw or can be.
  • the special screw 52 can only be opened with appropriate tools that are not commercially available.
  • the security element for protection against unauthorized opening can also be a cover 54, which is attached to one of the halves of the cartridge 105 and covers the screw connection of the two halves 40 and 42.
  • Another Embodiment relates to a combination of cover and sleeve with special screw.
  • a hook may be attached to the cuff, to which the cartridge can be attached to a corresponding eyelet (not shown) provided on the wall.
  • the eyelet can of course also be attached to the cuff and the hook on the wall.
  • This type of suspension is z. B. of Wandfeuerlöschge ⁇ devices known.
  • the defined installation of such a suspension has the advantage that the gas connector of the gas inlet and exit of the cartridge will not be inadvertently incorrectly Schlos ⁇ sen if the respective gas supply lines are installed so that the port is on the suspension meet ⁇ true z. B. by a defined length of Gasschlau- ches.
  • fluid connection devices for the gas inlet and outlet of the cartridge can also be used.
  • the fluid connection devices and / or the associated fluid line connecting pieces for the fluid inlet opening and for the fluid outlet opening are formed in different geometries. So a confusion of the connections can be excluded.
  • the gas sockets are rotatable on the
  • Cartridge mounted, so that the service technician during installation of the cartridge has the greatest possible flexibility in terms of An ⁇ connections of the gas hoses and space.
  • the container 11 may be configured to be vertically installable and to define, adjacent to the fluid inlet opening, a cavity or cavity with or bounded by a flexible and / or porous inert gas.
  • a flexible and / or porous inert gas may be configured to be vertically installable and to define, adjacent to the fluid inlet opening, a cavity or cavity with or bounded by a flexible and / or porous inert gas.
  • material or plastic foam filling for example
  • FIG. 5a and 5b show cartridges 107 and 109, which have then to the fluid inlet opening 14 ei ⁇ NEN unfilled or filled cavity.
  • a corresponding cavity may alternatively or additionally be provided at the fluid outlet opening.
  • Such cavities lead individually or in combination also to an improvement in the flow distribution of the gas flowing through.
  • the cavity may be a
  • the interior of the container 11 of the cartridge 107 is divided by a porous, inert and fluid and / or gas-permeable partition wall 60 into two chambers 62 and 64.
  • the chamber 62 serves to receive the
  • Adsorbermaterials while the chamber 64, which adjoins the inlet opening ⁇ 14, serves to trap condensate.
  • the chamber 64 is in the operating condition of the cartridge
  • the cartridge 109 shown in Fig. 5b includes adjacent to the inlet opening 14 a cavity or space 66 which is equipped with porous and / or flexible inert material or a plastic foam filling. Therein, after the entry of the fluid or gas into the cartridge 109 in FIG. 5b
  • Fluid or gas contained liquid components are trapped as condensate on ⁇ .
  • a porous and / or flexible inert material or as a plastic foam filling are, for example, synthetically produced substances with cellular structure and / or low density based on a plastic.
  • plastic are flexible polyurethane foam, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • Particularly preferred are elastane Tere, such as flexible polyurethane foam, or foams based on or include Kera ⁇ mik or metal.
  • ⁇ carries the length between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet opening 729 mm, 717 mm, 723 mm, 750 mm or 756 mm.
  • the device including the fluid connection devices has a length in the range from 850 mm to 900 mm, for example 871 mm.
  • the container has an outer diameter of 110 mm and / or an inner diameter of 90 mm.
  • a total length LI of the cartridge including the fluid connection devices may be 871 mm.
  • a length L2 of the container between the fluid inlet opening and the fluid outlet opening may be 729 mm.
  • the fluid connection devices can each have an angled shape at a 90 ° angle, for example an L-shape with two legs.
  • One of the fluid connection devices, eg the fluid connection device at the fluid inlet opening can have a length L3 of 53 mm parallel to the length of the container in the state mounted on the cartridge.
  • this fluid connection device has an L-shape
  • a length L4 of the fluid connection device between the free leg of the L-shape and the container is 21 mm.
  • the other of the fluid connection ⁇ devices for example, the fluid connection device on the Fluid outlet, in the mounted state on the cartridge parallel to the length of the container may have a length L5 of 89 mm.
  • the length L6 of the fluid connection device between the free leg of the L-shape and the container is 56 mm.
  • the cartridge 110 with L-shaped fluid connection devices is not shown to scale with the projecting external dimensions LI to L6.
  • the container is 717 mm long and a first opening selected from the fluid inlet opening and the fluid outlet opening comprises a tube piece with a length of 33 mm.
  • a compression connector can be provided in the pipe section and connected to the associated fluid connection device.
  • a screw connection or bulkhead screw connection is provided in a second opening selected from the fluid inlet opening and the fluid outlet opening.
  • the bulkhead fitting can extend the tank by 6 mm.
  • the fluid connection devices 17 may each have an angled shape at 90 °.
  • the fluid connection devices 17 can each have at their respective free end a connection opening, e.g. having an inner diameter of 20 mm, for connection to the respective fluid line connecting piece.
  • the distance between the centers of the connection openings may be between 835 and 850 mm or approximately 839 mm.
  • Fig. 5d shows schematically as a further embodiment of the device for adsorption treatment, a cartridge 111 in the Complete or partial representations of FIGS. 5d0 to 5d3.
  • the container of the cartridge 111 comprises, as shown in the cross-sectional ⁇ view of Fig. 5d0, a pipe section 1, on which an end cap 2 at one end and an end cap 3 are provided at the other end.
  • the end cap 3 and the associated end of the pipe section 1 are joined together by welding.
  • the pipe section 1 and the end cap 2 have complementary threads and are connected to each other, with an O-ring 5 for sealing between the pipe section 1 and the
  • End cap 2 is provided.
  • O-ring 5 is in the
  • End cap 2 provided an annular groove.
  • the fluid inlet opening 14 is provided, which is provided with a bulkhead fitting 6, which protrudes from the fluid inlet opening 14 in a length L15 of 6 mm.
  • a safety socket 9 is provided in the bulkhead fitting 6, as Fluidan gleichvor- device 17.
  • Fluid outlet opening 16 is welded in the present embodiment with a pipe section 8 of 33 mm in length.
  • a compression connector 7 is inserted, with the fluid connection device 17, a second safety socket 9 is connected.
  • a sieve with the mesh size of 0.5 mm is provided in the cartridge within the end cap 3 in front of the fluid inlet ⁇ 14 and approximately in the middle of the interior of the cartridge 111.
  • the container of the cartridge 111 ie the connected system of the pipe section 1, the end caps 2 and 3 and the pipe section 8 has a length LH of 750 mm.
  • the pipe section 1 has a Län ⁇ ge L12 of 598.5 mm.
  • the end cap 3 has a length L13 of 100 mm, while the end cap 2 has a length L14 of 105 mm.
  • the pipe section 1 and the end cap 3 have an inner diameter of 90 mm.
  • the end cap 2, however, has an inner diameter of 96 mm.
  • the pipe section 1, and the end caps 2 and 3 each have an outer diameter of 110 mm.
  • the pipe section 8, the press connector 7 and the safety sockets 9 each have an inner diameter of 20 mm.
  • the annular groove for the O-ring 5 has a réelle barnmes ⁇ ser of 104 mm.
  • the O-ring may be made of a flexible material which is resistant to treat ⁇ against the fluid, for example of Teflon.
  • Fig. 5d also includes detailed views 5dl, 5d2 and 5d3.
  • the detail of Fig. 5dl shows a plan view of the end cap 2 of the cartridge 111 with the provided thereon
  • FIG. 5d2 illustrates an enlarged section Z of the pipe section 8 and the press connector 7, as a lateral plan view along the arrows A in Fig. 5dl.
  • FIG. 5 d3 shows an overall perspective view of the cartridge 111.
  • Fig. 5e illustrates an example of the device according to the embodiment of Fig. 5d with technical details. The dimensions of the individual components with the reference numerals 1 to 9 are explained in detail in the parts list.
  • the example of FIG. 5e has a general tolerance according to ISO 2768-m.
  • At least one of the safety sockets 9 can be an all-gas safety socket GT DN 15. Table: Parts list of Fig. 5e
  • the cartridge is designed so that it can be vertically installed in ⁇ and flows through from bottom to top. Furthermore, it can, as explained above, between Gaseintrittsöff ⁇ tion 14 and adsorber optionally filled with a porous inert material or thus limited cavity for collecting condensate. If the cavity is designed as a flexible porous inert material layer, eg flexible porous plastic foam, this may additionally be advantageous with regard to the filling and abrasion resistance of the adsorbents.
  • the adsorber particles are clamped between the two layers.
  • the flexibility of such a filling of the adsorbents between a flexible inert material layer in a cavity at the bottom and a correspondingly identical layer in a cavity at the head of the cartridge the adsorber particles are clamped between the two layers.
  • the cartridge can comprise: a resealable container with two safety gas connections, ie at the gas inlet and outlet, a gas inlet and / or gas exit zone for improving the flow distribution of the gas flowing through, a simple suspension and / or several security elements for protection against opening by unauthorized persons.
  • a method for regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing the apparatus for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or
  • Fluid stream indicated comprising at least one of the steps ⁇ te: filling the container with the adsorber, for example un ⁇ ter shielding gas, inert fluid, inert gas or the fluid which is freed from an adsorptive to be removed by the adsorption adsorptive; Purging the container during and / or after filling the container with the adsorber material, eg with inert gas, inert fluid, inert gas or the fluid freed from an adsorptive to be removed by the adsorption treatment; Performing a pressure and / or leakage test for checking the tightness of the filled container with ver ⁇ locked fluid connection devices; Installing the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream before or in a dedicated device while the container is filled with adsorber material and an element selected from inert fluid, inert gas or the fluid freed from an adsorptive to be removed by the adsorption treatment; and installing the apparatus for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream according to
  • Adsorber material is filled so that in both cases in the container free volume for fluid or gas is present.
  • the container may also be filled with gas or fluid.
  • a method of regenerating and / or disposing, filling, and / or installing the apparatus for adsorbing a fluid or fluid stream comprising at least one of the following steps.
  • One of the steps involves removing the apparatus for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream, the container of which contains adsorber material to be regenerated and / or disposed, from a device on which or in which an adsorption treatment has been carried out by detaching the fluid connection devices 17 from fluid line connection pieces 20 which are connected to the device.
  • the release of the fluid connection devices 17 from the fluid line connecting pieces 20 can take place while the container is filled with treated or treated fluid.
  • Another possible step of the method for regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing the device for adsorption treatment comprises transporting the container with the adsorber material to be regenerated and / or disposed and locked fluid connection devices under safety precautions and / or under protective gas,
  • Inert fluid or inert gas Inert fluid or inert gas.
  • all, single or multiple transport steps can be carried out under safety precautions, such as under inert gas, inert fluid or inert gas be, wherein the protective gas, inert fluid or inert gas within ⁇ half and / or outside of the container can be provided.
  • safety precautions such as under inert gas, inert fluid or inert gas be, wherein the protective gas, inert fluid or inert gas within ⁇ half and / or outside of the container can be provided.
  • safety precautions during transport are: A suitable packaging with special protection for individual components, such as the fluid connection devices, so that no physical damage to the cartridge can occur during transport; a mark with warnings such as "Do not open, the cartridge may contain residues ge ⁇ more dangerous ingredients"; and preventing gas exchange with the exterior of the container by intrinsic Si chere connections.
  • the container with the adsorber material to be regenerated and / or disposed and locked fluid connection devices can be transported to a regeneration and / or disposal station. There, for example, under protective measures, the device can be opened and the adsorber material exchanged or regenerated.
  • the equipment may be present and used in the regeneration and / or disposal station necessary for the safe handling and regeneration of the apparatus for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream and / or for the safe handling, regeneration and / or disposal of the adsorbent material.
  • Comprises the container for rever ⁇ sitive filling with the adsorbent material, an opening and closing element having a safety device for Vermei ⁇ -making tampering by unauthorized persons, may be used in the regeneration and / or disposal station for handling of the safety device, a special equipment or special tools available be used and not commercially available, but only accessible to professionals.
  • the container of the device a Comprise safety device, selected from: a cover of the opening and closing element and / or a special gland, which can be opened only with special tool / can.
  • the security device may also be a seal that can only be opened by professionals.
  • Examples of other possible protective or safety measures in the regeneration and / or disposal station are: rinsing the cartridge with inert gas prior to opening, because in some cases an adsorptive may cause an explosive gas mixture when opening or, for example, in the case of sulfur adsorbers pyrophoric reactions occur with air; Opening and refilling the used or to be regenerated adsorber under common safety precautions for the staff in the regeneration and / or disposal station, such as personal protective equipment, such as goggles and respiratory protection, air exchange and extraction of possibly contaminated air; and oxidative aftertreatment of purge gas, possibly containing fluid residues from the cartridge.
  • the method for regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing the apparatus for adsorption treatment may comprise at least one of the following steps: purging the container containing adsorbent material to be regenerated and / or discharged with inert gas, inert fluid, inert gas or other gases, such as air; Emptying the container from the regenerating and / or disposing
  • Adsorber material e.g. under inert gas, inert fluid, or
  • inert gas Disposal and / or regeneration of the adsorber material to be regenerated and / or disposed of; Filling the container with regenerated or unused adsorber material, for example under inert gas, inert fluid, inert gas or the fluid which is removed from an adsorber to be removed by the adsorption treatment. is sorptively liberated; Rinsing the container with inert gas,
  • Inertfluid, inert gas or the fluid which is freed from an adsorptive to be removed by the adsorption treatment, during and / or after the filling of the container with the re ⁇ nerêtm or unused adsorbent material; and performing a pressure and / or leakage test to verify the tightness of the filled container with locked fluid connection devices.
  • the following sequence of removal of a used Adsorbermaterials from the cartridge is possible: first, the container is rinsed with 2 until the residual gas is removed in the container. Thereafter, the container is opened. Then the absorber material is removed from the container and filled in a special container for disposal. Further, in one example, the container is filled with the regenerated or unused adsorber material under air and then with
  • Inert gas purged A small amount of residual air can remain in the tank because the inert gas is mainly used to displace most of the air in the tank for subsequent applications.
  • the method may comprise regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing the device: transporting the container with the regenerated or unused adsorbent material and interlocked fluid connection devices to a device at or in which an adsorption treatment is to be carried out; and / or connecting fluid line fittings 20 to the device.
  • the apparatus for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream may be installed on or in the apparatus while the container is filled with regenerated or unused adsorbent material and an element selected from inert gas, inert fluid, inert gas or the fluid derived from an adsorptive to be removed by the adsorption treatment, by connecting the fluid connection devices 17 with fluid line connecting pieces 20 which are connected to the device.
  • Adsorber material containing device for Adsorptionsbe ⁇ treatment of a device on or in which the adsorption ons compliment was performed, removed and transported to a Rege ⁇ nerier- and / or disposal station, while treated with the adsorption or gas to be treated in the device for Adsorptionsbehand ⁇ ment is. Furthermore, embodiments of the method for regenerating and / or disposing, filling and / or installing the apparatus for adsorption treatment allow the unused or regenerated adsorber material to comprise adsorption treatment apparatus to or at which the adsorption treatment is to be carried out, can be transported while inert gas is in the device for adsorption treatment.
  • filling and / or installation of the device for adsorption treatment is a cartridge which holds ent ⁇ re ⁇ -generating and / or to be disposed of adsorbent material, on a device to which a Entschwefelungsbehand ⁇ was carried out.
  • the cartridge comprises the container 10 and the gas sockets 17 of the example of Figure 4b.
  • the gas plugs 20, which are connected to the device and the gas sockets 17 are released from the gas sockets 17, while in the container is natural gas.
  • the fluid connection devices 17 on the container 10 with the bars 18 closed, so that the cartridge is gas-tight locked. Then the cartridge is transported to the regeneration and / or disposal station.
  • the natural gas contained in the cartridge is removed under safety precautions to prevent explosions or contact with personnel and the cartridge is optionally purged with inert gas.
  • the cartridge is then opened by loosening the threaded closure.
  • the cartridge optionally under a protective gas atmosphere, freed from the spent adsorber, filled with fresh or regenerated adsorber and then rinsed with inert gas.
  • the cartridge is transported to a facility at or in which a desulfurization treatment is to be carried out and connected to the facility while inert gas is in the cartridge.
  • the device to or at which an adsorption treatment is to be performed may be a fuel cell or a gas compressor of a fuel cell.
  • the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream or the device to which an adsorption treatment is to be carried out may comprise an adsorptive detector or a sulfur detector, and the regeneration and / or disposal of the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow may be dependent on the Detection of an adsorptive or sulfur compounds are performed. Further may be provided with at least one shut-off valve, the device in which an adsorption treatment to be performed on or installed in Strö ⁇ flow direction before or after the adsorption treatment device for a fluid or fluid stream.
  • a service cycle can also be measures, here also called safety precautions.
  • An example of one embodiment is to perform a pressure and / or leak test prior to shipment of the cartridge. With such a test, the technical log ⁇ ACTION can be checked.
  • a pressure and / or leakage test with 2 or other be ⁇ known inert gases such. As CO 2 , He, Ne, or Ar take place. This has the advantage that after installation of the cartridge in the gas line and opening the gas tap in the cartridge no explosive mixture can arise or subsequent Bau ⁇ parts can be damaged.
  • the cartridge may be flushed with inert gas instead of with the main constituent of a gas to be treated and delivered ⁇ the.
  • Example is sulfur-free natural gas or pure Me ⁇ than or technical, sulfur-free propane or butane for the use of LPG.
  • a flushing process can be carried out after filling the container with adsorbent material with inert gas, such as N 2 , and / or before performing a pressure or leakage test: For example, first the container is rinsed with 2 until the defined oxygen content to be defined in the cartridge is exceeded , then the pressure is increased with the same inert gas at pressure and / or leakage test level. This is followed by the pressure ⁇ or leak test, z. Example, by determining the pressure difference, the pressure drop or a leakage rate at a suitable pressure. After a successful pressure or leakage test, the 2 is drained again until approx. Room pressure is reached. The connections are closed and the cartridge is placed under N 2 . Another rinse is typically not required.
  • inert gas such as N 2
  • the regeneration of the adsorbent material can thermally suc ⁇ gene, z.
  • thermally suc ⁇ gene, z For example, with steam, air or other hot gaseous media at temperatures greater than 200 ° C. Disposal may take place destructively, for example, with recovery of the metals: For example, sulfur is roasted off from a Cu / Mn adsorber, then Cu and Mn are melted by thermal processes, separated and recovered as a solution.
  • inert gas examples include N 2 , Ar, He, nitrogen enriched air (NEA), CO 2 , or the respective pure gas to be treated with the adsorber material.
  • the cartridge can be installed either in front of the fuel cell (external) or in the fuel cell housing (internally). When installing externally, it must be ensured that the desulfurized gas no longer contains odorants after it has flowed through the cartridge, and in the event of a leak no warning smell is given.
  • the gas line to the cartridge and before entering the fuel cell device can ⁇ be designed so that it contains no internals.
  • a possible solution is, for example, the attachment of a gas hose or a similar line piece in the fuel cell housing, so that the attachment is not accessible from the outside. If the accessible free end of the gas hose to which the gas plug is mounted, connected to the pre see ⁇ gas outlet to the cartridge, no non-odorized gas can escape. Since the gas line up to the gas socket contains no other fittings or screw connections, the gas line can be classified as technically permanently leakproof after the pressure test has been carried out. The change process and the operation of the cartridge can be done safely with the described ⁇ surrounded structure.
  • the cartridge and / or the adsorber material used is at temperatures of -10 to
  • a process for adsorbing a fluid or fluid stream comprising: providing the apparatus for adsorbing a fluid or fluid stream according to any of the embodiments described herein, wherein the vessel is provided with an adsorbent material Adsorption treatment of fluids is filled, connecting a fluid supply line with a first fluid line connection piece and a fluid discharge line with a second fluid line connection piece, connecting the first and the second fluid line connection piece with the two fluid connection devices of the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow and thereby unlocking the fluid connection devices, and introducing a fluid into or passing a fluid through the adsorption treatment device of the fluid.
  • the cartridge is operated in combination with a shut-off valve, which is installed before the Kartu ⁇ cal.
  • the cartridge can be operated in combination with a sulfur monitor. Operation in combination with a sulfur monitor allows dynamic cartridge cycling, depending on the amount of sulfur absorbed and regardless of regional differences in natural gas composition.
  • the apparatus for adsorption of a fluid or fluid flow is configured or aligned such that the fluid is vertically passed through the pre ⁇ direction from bottom to top. If the fluid is passed vertically through the device from bottom to top, if the adsorbent bed z. B. by strong shaking or transport operations, on the wall of the cartridge container, in contrast to a horizontal len ⁇ len installation and flow, no edge flow effect and thus no premature breaking of sulfur substances occur.
  • the flow guidance from bottom to top offers advantages in terms of reliability with regard to entrainment of condensed water in eg natural gas.
  • water can occur in gas lines at least in gaseous form.
  • the adsorbents used can therefore be brought into contact with liquid water.
  • the adsorbents can enter into unwanted reactions with water or lose their functionality and thus the proper operation maintained.
  • the Ver ⁇ drive can be performed so that the cartridge is traversed vertically from bottom to top. If, in addition, a cavity or a cavity filled or filled with highly porous inert material is provided between the gas inlet and the adsorber, any possible condensate can be retained therein.
  • the combination of flow guidance from bottom to top with the described cavity can also have positive effects on the flow distribution in the gas inlet region. Surprisingly, it has been found that a flow through the cartridge from bottom to top has positive effects on the desired homogeneous flow of the adsorbents, as already explained above in connection with FIGS. 5a and 5b.
  • the device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow is operated in combination with an adsorptive detector or a sulfur detector and the replacement of the device is carried out depending on the detection of an adsorptive or sulfur compounds.
  • the device for the adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid flow in combination with a shut-off valve can be operated ⁇ , which is installed in the flow direction before or after the container.
  • the fluid after passing through the device may have a purity of ⁇ 50 ppb residual sulfur.
  • the fluid is passed through the device at temperatures of -10 to + 90 ° C and a pressure in a pressure range of -500 mbar above atmospheric pressure to + 10 bar above atmospheric pressure.
  • a fuel cell housing namely temperatures of up to 70 ° C are possible, while in external installations ambient temperatures may prevail, for example in basements.
  • the container of the cartridge may be tubular or cylindrical, but other shapes of container are contemplated. Equations and explanations given herein relating to tubular cartridge containers are to be understood as analogous to non-tubular cartridges.
  • the vessel may have a bedding-to-bedding ratio (L / D) ratio of 0.1 to 40, and / or a space velocity of ⁇ 10,000 h- 1 may be used in the vessel be set to the total amount of Adsorbermaterials.
  • this is minimum L / D ratio in a range of 1 to 20 and in a particularly advantageous embodiment in a range of 1 to 10.
  • the space velocity is less than 2,000 h-1 based on the total amount of adsorber material.
  • the charge-to-particle diameter ratio has values greater than 10, in a particularly preferred embodiment values greater than 20.
  • the bed length to bed diameter ratio (L / D ratio) is the ratio of the length of the bed to its diameter. The equation for this is:
  • a higher L / D ratio means a longer path through the adsorber and thus a longer residence time (see below) in the adsorber bed. Therefore, an L / D ratio in the range of 0.1 to 40 has a positive effect on the breakthrough time.
  • L / D ratio changes, in the case of a tubular container of the cartridge, the diameter of the bed or the container. This results in a change in the flow rate with a constant bed volume and gas volume flow. This change is both in the free cross-section of the container of the cartridge, which is also referred to here as a reactor, as well as within the Bed available.
  • the following equation shows the dependence of the superficial velocity of flow and Nuclear ⁇ tor josmesser.
  • a higher superficial velocity may adversely affect the breakdown capacity of the adsorbent, as to ent ⁇ far molecules have less time for the sorption available. This can thus have an accelerating effect on the breakthrough time.
  • the space velocity (SV) is the reciprocal of the residence time and one of the main Be ⁇ operating parameters for catalysts and adsorbents. It is calculated according to the following formula:
  • A reactor cross-sectional area
  • the space velocity is usually given in the unit 1 / h and related to NL / h / L adsorbent.
  • the Leerrohrge ⁇ speed is often expressed indirectly in the chemical technology by the space velocity, since this is directly proportional to the Leerrohrge ⁇ speed and also expresses the relationship with the bed volume used. However, there is no relation to the shape of the packed bed. As can be seen from the formula, it is directly proportional to the flow velocity. Therefore, a higher space velocity also has an accelerating effect on the breakthrough time. Readings showed that low
  • Space velocities have a positive effect on the breakdown capacity of the selected adsorbent and retarding on the breakthrough ⁇ point. For this reason, in embodiments, low space velocities less than about 10,000 h -1 are selected. Another important reason for the choice of low space velocities is the required service life of the
  • Adsorbent The service interval for example, fuel cells ⁇ -house heating systems should not be less than one year. A certain minimum amount of adsorber is therefore necessary to reali ⁇ the required gas purity over the period.
  • the bulk-to-particle diameter ratio has values greater than 10, in a particularly preferred embodiment values greater than 20.
  • the bulk to particle diameter ratio is defined as follows:
  • Dscnüttun g diameter of a cylindrical bed
  • dp mean particle diameter.
  • the porosity also referred to as the degree of voiding, is higher on the wall of a fixed bed adsorber than in the remaining packed bed. Therefore, there may be so-called edge flow effects on the wall. These effects can lead to an earlier breakthrough ⁇ time, for example, a sulfur compound.
  • the average porosity of ball piles is between 0.37 and 0.4.
  • the marginal porosity is about 0.5 at these beds.
  • Commercially available desulfurization adsorbents such. B. the spherical material FCDS-GS12 Fa. SüdChemie AG has an average porosity of 0.32. To avoid edge flow effects, in one embodiment at least one D / d P ratio greater than about 10 is maintained.
  • the desulphurisation plant has four cylindrical Kartu ⁇ rule as devices for adsorption treatment, which could be flowed through in parallel with different gases.
  • the cartridges were each provided at the gas inlet opening and at the gas outlet opening with gas sockets and connected with corresponding gas plugs with a respective gas line.
  • the gas sockets and gas plugs come from the manufacturer Viega, component: 1/2 "Type TAE (G2016T) # 526 788, the gas lines each consisted of gas hoses of the manufacturer Viega, component 1/2" x 500 mm (G2023) # 531 904.
  • the aim of the experiment 1 was to document the effects of L / D ratio and the space velocity in order to show that both parameters have a direct influence on the Adsorpti ⁇ kiln output, for example on the desulfurization performance, of the material or the cartridge.
  • the aim of experiment 2 was to analyze the flow in the inlet area of the cartridge.
  • the incoming and exiting gas was equipped with a Gaschromato ⁇ graph, which was connected to the gas outlet and the gas inlet of the plant and with a pulsed flammenphotometrischem detector (GC-PFPD) can be specifically analyzed for sulfur compounds.
  • GC-PFPD pulsed flammenphotometrischem detector
  • a sequential desulfurization ⁇ bed as described in WO 2006/028686 Al is selected in the ratio 3: 1.
  • the adsorber material used consisted of Ca-exchanged 13X zeolite (FCDS-GS12) according to Example 1 of WO 2006/028686 A1 sequentially in combination with a Cu / Mn
  • FCDS-GS6 Mischmetalloxidmaterial (FCDS-GS6) according to Example 2 of WO 2006/028686 AI.
  • the 13X zeolite had a Si: Al equivalence ratio of 1.17 and a calcium exchange of 70%, with the remaining metal ions comprising sodium and / or potassium.
  • the Cu / Mn mixed metal oxide had 34 wt% Manganverbin ⁇ compounds 54 wt% of iron oxide, comprising Fe20 3, and 12% aluminum oxide ⁇ with a surface area of 294 m 2 / g. Further test data are shown in Table 1.
  • the sorbents were brought by grinding and sieving to the particle size fraction 0.8 to 1 mm. Since an exact volume determination is very difficult with the small sorbent volumes, separate bulk density measurements were made with the materials and the sorbent quantities were weighed for the tests. In this way it could be ensured that for every one ⁇ individual test same Sorbentienmengen were used.
  • the GC-PFPD detector recorded the breakthrough behavior as a function of the L / D ratio. records.
  • the timing or designated by ⁇ break capacity in which for the first time a specific ⁇ fish sulfur compound in the gas after the adsorbent is detek- advantage. The limit was 200 ppb per swing ⁇ felriv. From the defined gas volume and the defined sulfur constituents and concentrations in the gas, it is possible to calculate how much sulfur passes through the cartridge. This is called breakthrough capacity. From this, the load at break-through time can be calculated via the weighed sorbent mass.
  • Table 3 shows, for example, the measured fürbruchskapa ⁇ capacities of Entschwefelungsbettes, which was modeled on the Example 1 of W02006 / 028686, as the ratio of mass Ver ⁇ bond to the mass of the sorbent.
  • the breakthrough capacities were determined on the basis of the breakthrough time.
  • the breakthrough in this case was a concentration of 1 ppm THT
  • the aim of experiment 2 was to analyze the flow in the inlet area of the cartridge.
  • a cylindrical cartridge prototype made of clear Plexiglas was produced. This made it possible to assess flow ⁇ dynamic gas distributions visually.
  • the inside diameter of the prototype was 14, the length about 55 cm.
  • the volume was about 8 liters.
  • the cartridge possessed at both ends of the cylinder via detachable lid and could so- ⁇ opens and be filled.
  • the lid according to the invention were gas outlets, the gas outlets of the company Viega screwed in the present examples were inserted into the corresponding Gasste ⁇ sugar with connected gas lines.
  • the gas volume flow was regulated.
  • the MFC was used for this purpose on the medium used, nitrogen 3.0, with the aid of a DRYCAL Flowmeter from manufacturer Westphal in the volume flow ⁇ range calibrated between 70 and 600 standard liters per hour.
  • the nitrogen flow was admixed via a T-piece of fog from a commercial disco fog machine of the type FOG-700.
  • the gas / mist mixture entered the cartridge via the ports.
  • a visual documentation was done by means of an HD camera, which is fixed on a tripod before the test setup. To increase the contrast, the cartridge was pasted with black construction paper.
  • a prerequisite of the experiment was that the mist in the gas medium mixed optimally and had no settling behavior. This was confirmed by a test by the cartridge filled with mist, and then the gas stream was ge ⁇ stops. The fog "floated" then constant and showed no settling behavior.

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  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide, qui comprend un contenant (11) destiné à recevoir un matériau adsorbant, le contenant comprenant une ouverture d'entrée pour fluides (14) et une ouverture de sortie pour fluides (16), et deux dispositifs de raccordement pour fluides (17), un des dispositifs de raccordement pour fluides étant prévu au niveau de l'ouverture d'entrée pour fluides et l'autre dispositif de raccordement pour fluides étant prévu au niveau de l'ouverture de sortie pour fluides. Selon l'invention, les dispositifs de raccordement pour fluides sont verrouillés d'une manière étanche aux fluides et conçus de manière à pouvoir chacun être raccordés à un raccord de conduite pour fluides et déverrouillés, et peuvent être déverrouillés ou sont déverrouillés à condition qu'ils soient raccordés au raccord de conduite pour fluides respectif.
EP11714651A 2010-04-14 2011-04-13 Dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide Ceased EP2558184A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202010016522U DE202010016522U1 (de) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Vorrichtung zur Adsorptionsbehandlung eines Fluids oder Fluidstroms
DE102010014890A DE102010014890A1 (de) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Vorrichtung zur Adsorptionsbehandlung eines Fluids oder Fluidstroms, Verfahren zum Regenerieren und/oder Entsorgen, Befüllen und/oder Installieren einer Vorrichtung zur Adsorptionsbehandlung eines Fluids oder Fluidstroms und Verfahren zur Adsorptionsbehandlung eines Fluids oder Fluidstroms
DE202010014363U DE202010014363U1 (de) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Vorrichtung zur Adsorptionsbehandlung eines Fluids oder Fluidstroms
PCT/EP2011/055785 WO2011128363A1 (fr) 2010-04-14 2011-04-13 Dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2558184A1 true EP2558184A1 (fr) 2013-02-20

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EP11714651A Ceased EP2558184A1 (fr) 2010-04-14 2011-04-13 Dispositif pour le traitement par adsorption d'un fluide ou d'un courant de fluide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9149756B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2558184A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101613575B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011128363A1 (fr)

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CN104226089B (zh) * 2013-06-06 2017-04-19 神华集团有限责任公司 组装用成套件、配合成套件以及流体处理装置
KR102016808B1 (ko) * 2017-11-08 2019-10-21 한양대학교 에리카산학협력단 가스 정제 방법 및 시스템
CN108905500A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2018-11-30 无锡市震亚化工设备有限公司 一种吸附器
WO2022002067A1 (fr) * 2020-06-30 2022-01-06 Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited Purificateur
CN113350962B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2023-03-21 中国辐射防护研究院 一种吸附剂高利用率碘吸附装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9149756B2 (en) 2015-10-06
KR20130032871A (ko) 2013-04-02
US20130074689A1 (en) 2013-03-28
KR101613575B1 (ko) 2016-04-19
WO2011128363A1 (fr) 2011-10-20

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