EP2544190B1 - Stromkabel mit begrenzter Korrosion und verbesserter Feuerbeständigkeit - Google Patents

Stromkabel mit begrenzter Korrosion und verbesserter Feuerbeständigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2544190B1
EP2544190B1 EP12174688.7A EP12174688A EP2544190B1 EP 2544190 B1 EP2544190 B1 EP 2544190B1 EP 12174688 A EP12174688 A EP 12174688A EP 2544190 B1 EP2544190 B1 EP 2544190B1
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Prior art keywords
layer
electric cable
strands
alumina
cable
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EP12174688.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2544190A1 (de
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Rodrigue Sumera
Christophe Brismalein
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Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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Priority claimed from FR1156011A external-priority patent/FR2977705A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR1156016A external-priority patent/FR2977704B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/10—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances metallic oxides
    • H01B3/105—Wires with oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
    • H01B3/004—Inhomogeneous material in general with conductive additives or conductive layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric cables. It typically, but not exclusively, applies to high voltage electrical transmission cables or overhead power transmission cables, well known under the Anglicism "OverHead Lines” (OHL).
  • OHL cables traditionally consist of bare electrically conductive elements, stretched over a suitable set of towers. These lines are conventionally intended for the transport of electrical energy under an alternating high voltage (225 to 800 kV).
  • the present invention relates to an electrical cable having high corrosion resistance, so as to withstand harsh atmospheric conditions such as the salt atmosphere near the coast or the sulfur atmosphere of industrialized urban areas.
  • OHL cables are usually made from aluminum. This material has a relatively low weight compared to other conductive materials. However, the latter has a fairly low resistance to corrosion. It has indeed been found that, after 2-3 years in a highly corrosive atmosphere (salty or sulfurous atmosphere), a conductor made of aluminum or aluminum alloy has cracks that can lead in the long run, the fall of the overhead line (breakage of the strands forming the cable).
  • the patent FR 676 889 discloses a high-voltage electrical cable comprising a central conductive element formed of aluminum round metal wires and covered with an outer layer formed of metal wires Z shape also in aluminum.
  • a type of electrical cable does not sufficiently withstand time in atmospheres loaded with salt or sulfur.
  • the present invention also relates to an electrical cable capable of withstanding heat, generated for example by a fire.
  • Aluminum or aluminum alloy cables because of their low heat resistance (aluminum melting point being 658 ° C), are not used in electrical applications where the temperature can be high, for example where fire resistance is required (eg emergency exit lamp).
  • the present invention aims to propose a new electrical cable that avoids all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the electric cable according to the invention aims to withstand severe atmospheric conditions and thus avoid corrosion of overhead lines. It also aims to withstand high temperatures, such as fire temperatures that can be of the order of 600 to 1200 ° C, while allowing continuity of the electrical signal.
  • the subject of the invention is an electrical cable comprising an elongate element, surrounded by a first layer comprising an assembly of at least two metal strands made of aluminum or aluminum alloy (or aluminum or aluminum alloy metal wires). aluminum), characterized in that at least a portion of the periphery of said at least two metal strands, and preferably all around said at least two metal strands comprises a layer of hydrated alumina.
  • said at least two metal strands are each surrounded at least in part, or even totally, by a layer of hydrated alumina.
  • the Applicant has surprisingly discovered that the first layer of the invention, formed with metal strands whose edge or periphery of said metal strands is made of hydrated alumina, presents a extremely high corrosion resistance.
  • said first layer of the invention has improved temperature resistance, while allowing continuity of the electrical signal.
  • the electrical cable of the invention is thus capable of withstanding fires, and in particular despite the low melting point of the aluminum or aluminum alloys capable of forming the cable.
  • the constituent metal strands of the first layer are aluminum or aluminum alloy
  • the hydrated alumina layer allows to liner aluminum or aluminum alloy, even when it is in fusion.
  • the hydrated alumina layer will directly follow the expansion of the aluminum or molten aluminum alloy thus increasing the malleability and deformability of the strands forming the cable during thermal shocks. This is why, due to this expansion, the continuity of the electrical signal always takes place (the metal strands constituting the cable do not break under the effect of heat).
  • each of the constituent metal strands of the assembly of the first layer comprises a layer of alumina around their entire periphery.
  • the entire outer surface of the first layer is covered with a layer of alumina.
  • the outer surface of the first layer comprises said layer of alumina, this layer extending in particular along the longitudinal axis of the electric cable.
  • outer surface is meant the surface that is farthest from the elongated element.
  • the constituent metal strands of the first layer are capable of conferring on the said first layer a substantially regular surface, each of the strands constituting the first layer possibly having a cross section of shape complementary to the strand (s) which it is / are adjacent (s).
  • each of the constituent strands of the first layer possibly having a section cross-section of complementary shape to the (x) strand (s) which is / are adjacent thereto ", it is understood that: the juxtaposition or the nesting of all the constituent strands of the first layer forms a continuous envelope (without irregularities), for example of circular or oval section or square.
  • the Z-shaped or trapezoid-shaped cross-section strands are suitable for the present invention, while strands of circular section (whose assembly does not make it possible to obtain a regular envelope), do not fit into the definition above.
  • strands of Z-shaped cross-section are preferred.
  • the first layer has a ring-shaped cross section.
  • the first layer is an outer layer.
  • the electrical cable of the invention does not include other layers surrounding the first layer.
  • the outer surface of the electric cable of the invention comprises said layer of alumina along its longitudinal axis.
  • the first layer is covered with an electrically insulating layer or an insulating sheath.
  • the hydrated alumina layer is an aluminum oxide hydroxide layer or in other words an alumina hydroxide layer.
  • the hydrated alumina layer is a monohydrate layer.
  • boehmite which is the gamma polymorph of AlO (OH) or Al 2 O 3 .H 2 O
  • diaspore which is the alpha polymorph of AIO (OH) or Al 2 O 3 .H 2 O
  • the hydrated alumina layer is a polyhydrated layer, and preferably a trihydrate layer.
  • alumina trihydrate of gibbsite or hydrargillite, which is the gamma polymorph of Al (OH) 3 ; bayerite, which is the alpha polymorph of Al (OH) 3 ; or nordstrandite, which is the beta polymorph of Al (OH) 3 .
  • the alumina layer of the invention is a layer whose thickness is controlled. In other words, it is obtained by a manufacturing method making it possible to obtain a substantially constant and homogeneous thickness all around the metal strand (s).
  • this layer of hydrated alumina can be obtained by anodization (see controlled oxidation).
  • said hydrated alumina layer is not present on one or more portions of the electrical cable intended for the electrical connection and this, to facilitate its installation.
  • the hydrated alumina layer is capable of breaking at a connection zone (eg electrical junction or electrical anchorage), so as to avoid, in the operational configuration of the cable, any overheating of the at the level of said connection.
  • a connection zone eg electrical junction or electrical anchorage
  • connections at an electrical junction or at an electrical anchorage (post-cable) are made via a sleeve of conductive material, such as steel or aluminum.
  • a sleeve of conductive material such as steel or aluminum.
  • the end of two cables (about 80 cm long) is inserted inside the sleeve which is then compressed by a clamping means. In the connection area, the ends of the cable are thus protected from corrosion by the sleeve.
  • the electrical cables of the prior art do not include a layer of hydrated alumina on their outer surface, the current flowing in the cable is removed from the material of the outer layer to the conductive material of the sleeve.
  • the alumina layer hydrated which preferably covers the outer periphery of the first layer of the electric cable, is an electrical insulator (1 micron of alumina can electrically isolate a voltage of 40V). It could therefore be thought that it causes overheating at the first layer by not allowing the evacuation of the current flowing in the electric cable to the sleeve.
  • the Applicant has discovered that the presence of the hydrated alumina layer, especially at the level of said connection zone, was not restrictive and did not cause overheating since it breaks when the installation of the electric cable. Indeed, the compression exerted (according to the standards in force) on the sleeve by means of the clamping means is sufficient to break the alumina layer and thus pass the electric current between the first layer and the sleeve, especially when the first layer is an outer layer.
  • the thickness of this alumina layer is at most 20 microns, and preferably at least 5 microns.
  • the thickness of the alumina layer may range from 6 to 15 ⁇ m, and even more preferably from 8 to 12 ⁇ m (inclusive).
  • the elongated element of the electrical cable of the invention may preferably be positioned at the center of the cable (i.e. central position). It can be an electrically conductive element, and / or a mechanical reinforcing element.
  • a second layer between the elongated element and the outer layer is disposed a second layer.
  • a second layer called the inner layer.
  • the inner layer comprises an assembly of metal strands, each of the constituent strands of the inner layer having a cross section of shape complementary to the strand (s) which is / are adjacent thereto.
  • the strands of the inner layer once assembled, thus form an outer envelope having a regular section, for example circular, oval or square.
  • the strands of the inner layer once assembled have a ring-shaped cross section.
  • the strands of the inner layer may have a Z-shaped or trapezoidal cross-section, the Z-shape being preferred.
  • the strands of the inner layer may have a cross section of round shape.
  • At least a portion of the periphery of the metal strands, and preferably all around the metal strands of the inner layer is also formed of a layer of alumina, and preferably a layer of alumina monohydrate.
  • this layer of alumina also varies from 5 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably from 6 to 15 ⁇ m, and even more preferably from 8 to 12 ⁇ m (limits included). .
  • the elongated element, the first layer (or more particularly the constituent metal strands of the first layer) and / or the second layer (or more particularly the constituent metal strands of the second layer) are preferably made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • Aluminum alloy means the aluminum alloys defined in the Washington DC 2086 Aluminum Association Directive or alloys meeting the European standard EN573. These standards define several classes of aluminum alloy with references ranging from 1000 to 8000.
  • the electrical cable of the invention is a high voltage electrical transmission cable (OHL).
  • OTL high voltage electrical transmission cable
  • Another subject of the invention relates to an electric cable comprising at least one metal strand (or wire), in particular of aluminum or of aluminum alloy, characterized in that said metal strand comprises over its entire periphery a layer of alumina hydrated, said metal strand and the hydrated alumina layer being as defined in the present description.
  • This metal strand surrounded by its hydrated alumina layer may in particular be obtained by step a of the manufacturing method described below, and more particularly by controlled oxidation.
  • the metal or strands whose edge or periphery is completely surrounded by hydrated alumina on the one hand has an extremely high resistance to corrosion, and on the other hand an improved temperature resistance, while allowing continuity electrical signal.
  • This metal strand may be conventionally surrounded by an electrically insulating layer or an insulating sheath.
  • the metal strand (s) preferably do not comprise a layer of ceramic alumina, and more generally do not comprise a ceramic layer, surrounding the layer of hydrated alumina.
  • the fire resistance can be optimized by the non-presence of a layer of ceramic alumina, or the non-presence of a ceramic layer, around the hydrated alumina layer.
  • a layer of ceramic alumina surrounding the hydrated alumina layer could significantly damage the metal strand.
  • the ceramic alumina layer thus limit, during a fire, the continuity of the electrical signal of the electric cable in question, that is to say when the metal strands or are melt.
  • the electric cable thus defined in this other object of the invention can be used in particular in the field of aeronautics, in the railway field or in buildings, for example to supply a lamp of an emergency exit panel.
  • Controlled oxidation makes it possible to obtain a layer of hydrated alumina whose thickness is substantially constant and homogeneous around the periphery of the metal strand, contrary to what could be obtained with an oxidation called "in the open air” .
  • the controlled oxidation can be carried out by anodization.
  • Anodizing is more particularly a controlled and electrochemical oxidation of the surface of a material, such as an aluminum or aluminum alloy material.
  • the metal strand obtained in step a) can undergo clogging of the hydrated alumina layer, in order to improve its compactness.
  • This clogging may for example be carried out by performing a hot hydration of the metal strand obtained in step a), by dipping said strand in boiling water. This clogging step is performed prior to step b).
  • the strand obtained in step a) or the strand obtained after clogging is rinsed with osmosis water.
  • each strand in the first layer, and optionally in the second layer, each strand has a cross-section of complementary shape to the strand (s) adjacent thereto, and being capable of conferring on the layer question a substantially regular surface.
  • the electric cable 1, illustrated on Figures 1 and 2 corresponds to a high voltage electrical transmission cable of the OHL type.
  • This electric cable 1 comprises: a central electrically conductive element 4 elongated and, successively and coaxially around this central conductive element 4, an inner layer 3, and an outer layer 2.
  • the inner 3 and outer 2 layers are also electrically conductive.
  • the central element 4 is in contact with the inner layer 3, which is itself in contact with the outer layer 2.
  • the conductive element 4 is formed of round cylindrical strands 4a of aluminum or aluminum alloy seven in number, each strand 4a being covered with greases 5. This grease 5 thus fills both the interstices present between the strands. cylindrical 4a and between the strands 4a and the inner layer 3.
  • the inner layer 3 and the outer layer 2 consist of an assembly of strands (3a and 2a) also made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the cross section of which is Z-shaped (or of "S" shape according to FIG. orientation of Z).
  • the geometry of the strands in the shape of "Z” thus makes it possible to obtain a surface almost provided with no gaps that can generate accumulations of moisture and therefore poles of corrosion.
  • the inner layer 3 comprises 13 strands 3a and the outer layer 18 strands 2a.
  • the inner layer 3 differs from the outer layer 2 in that the outer layer is composed of strands 2a whose periphery (of each strand) is formed of a layer of alumina 9, preferably monohydrate.
  • This layer of alumina 9 is generally formed by anodization.
  • the particular geometry of the strands 2a (Z cross section) and their protection by the alumina layer 9 thus form a barrier against corrosion, even if the electrical conductor 1 is in severe conditions of marine and industrial exposure (presence in the air of elements: sodium, chloride, sulfur ). This will be demonstrated in test 1 below.
  • the electric cable 1, illustrated on figures 3 and 4 corresponds to a high-voltage electrical transmission cable of the OHL type, but with a structure slightly different from that of the electric cable described in Figures 1 and 2 .
  • This electric cable 1 comprises: a central electrically conductive element 4 elongated and, successively and coaxially around this central conductive element 4, an inner layer 3, and an outer layer 2.
  • the inner 3 and outer 2 layers are also electrically conductive.
  • the central element 4 is in contact with the inner layer 3, which is itself in contact with the outer layer 2.
  • the elongate element 4 is formed of round cylindrical strands 4a of aluminum or aluminum alloy 19 in number, each strand 4a being covered with grease.
  • the inner layer 3 and the outer layer 2 consist of an assembly of strands (3a and 2a) also made of aluminum or aluminum alloy whose cross section is trapezoidal.
  • the geometry of the trapezium-shaped strands has the advantage of obtaining a surface virtually provided with no interstices that can generate moisture accumulations and therefore corrosion poles.
  • the inner layer 3 comprises 18 strands 3a and the outer layer 24 strands 2a.
  • the inner layer 3 is composed of strands 2a whose periphery (of each strand) is formed of a layer of hydrated alumina 9, preferably of one bohemite (see Figures 4 or 5 ).
  • This layer of alumina 9 is generally formed by anodization.
  • the alumina layer 9 thus forms an envelope capable of containing the aluminum or the aluminum alloy when the latter is melted because of high temperature. This effect will be demonstrated in test 3 below.
  • This process comprises several steps: a degreasing step-stripping strands, a first rinsing step, a neutralization step, a second rinsing step, an anodizing step under current in a sulfuric acid-based electrolyte, a third step rinsing, a step of clogging the pores with hot water and a fourth rinsing step.
  • the starting material is, for example, a ZS aluminum alloy strand or cross-section wire type AGS (aluminum, magnesium, silica, bearing reference 6201 of the European standard EN573), the Z height is 2.9 mm is an equivalent diameter of 3.2 mm.
  • the wire is packaged on a reel. These yarns are marketed with a grease film related to the drawing process. Therefore, for the manufacturing process, it is generally necessary to proceed to a degreasing step.
  • the degreasing and stripping of the yarns are mostly done chemically or electrolytically.
  • the purpose of the degreasing operations is to eliminate the various bodies and particles contained in the greases while the stripping operation serves to remove the oxides present on the metal.
  • stripping There are several methods of stripping: chemical, electrolytic or mechanical. These methods are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Chemical etching consists of removing the oxides by dissolution, see bursting layer, without attacking the underlying metal.
  • GARDOCLEAN ® Company CHEMETALL
  • the solution consists essentially of soda (about 30g / L to 45ml / L) and surfactants.
  • the step of neutralizing the wires makes it possible not to pollute the bath allowing the anodization. In addition, this step makes it possible to eliminate certain traces of oxides that may be detrimental to anodization.
  • This step is done in a bath identical to the anodizing bath. A solution of sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 at 200 g / l at room temperature will eliminate any soda residues related to degreasing. Neutralization makes it possible to put the surface of the aluminum at the same pH as the anode bath.
  • Anodizing is based on the principle of electrolysis of water.
  • a tank filled with process treatment i.e., in an acid medium such as sulfuric acid
  • the part is placed at the anode of a DC generator.
  • the cathode of the system is usually lead (inert in the middle). It can also be aluminum or stainless steel, in some installations.
  • the oxide layer is produced from the surface towards the core of the metal, unlike an electrolytic deposit.
  • a layer of alumina is formed which has an electrical insulating power. Thus the current no longer reaches the substrate, and is then protected.
  • the hydrated alumina layer 9 in sulfuric anodization is formed from the outside towards the inside.
  • the coloration is carried out by impregnation of the dye by absorption in the pores.
  • the electrolytic parameters are imposed by a current density and a conductivity of the bath.
  • the current density will be set at 55-65A / dm 2 and the voltage will be set at 20-21V and an intensity of 280-350A. This gives the strand or son 2a.
  • Clogging is the technique for closing or closing existing porosities in each cell of the oxide layer. This obturation is obtained by transformation of the hydrated alumina constituting the anodic layer, resulting in expansion and thus progressive closure of the pores. This operation is performed by immersing the anodized parts in boiling water (osmosis water having a temperature greater than 80 ° C) to promote the kinetics of reaction. Clogging thus promotes a good resistance to corrosion.
  • boiling water osmosis water having a temperature greater than 80 ° C
  • the different rinses are defined by 3 steps: rough rinsing, clean rinsing, drying with compressed air. Rinsing is done by reverse osmosis water.
  • the strands 2a of Z cross section are assembled in a standard manner so as to obtain an electric cable with a section of 455 mm 2 .
  • the latter consists of a central conductor element made up of 19 AGS 6201 round wires, on which is disposed an inner layer consisting of 18 strands / Z-shaped cross-section wires of aluminum alloy AGS 6201 and on which is arranged an outer layer comprising 24 son also of Z section obtained according to the method described above.
  • the electric cable according to the invention makes it possible to obtain anti-corrosion characteristics superior to the standard conductor as will be demonstrated below.
  • Test 1 anticorrosion test
  • the electrical cable according to the invention "OHL solution” tested is the electrical cable obtained according to the above method and having as a reminder the characteristics below: a central electrically conductive element made of AGS 6201 composed of 19 round wires, on which is disposed an inner layer formed by 18 ZS section strands of AGS 6201 and on which is disposed an outer layer comprising 24 ZS section strands of AGS 6201 whose edge is formed of a layer of alumina monohydrate 8 to 10 microns thick (hereinafter referred to as AEROZ conductor 1).
  • the "OHL standard without internal grease” electrical cable is an electrical cable consisting of a central electrically conductive element made up of 19 round wires of AGS 6201, surrounded by a first layer consisting of 18 ZS section strands of AGS 6201 on which a second layer of 24 ZS section strands of AGS 6201 is arranged.
  • the conductor has a section of 455mm 2 . For this cable, the grease has been removed.
  • the "OHL standard” electrical cable is the same electrical cable as previously described except that the inner grease has been left.
  • the accelerated corrosion test combines two standard tests: the salt spray test and the kersternich test.
  • the salt spray shows a wet corrosion with the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl) allowing an increase in the conductivity of the moisture consequently a larger ion exchange accelerating the corrosion phenomenon.
  • NaCl sodium chloride
  • the Kersternich test makes it possible to demonstrate an observable corrosion in an industrial or urban environment by injecting sulfur products into a humid atmosphere.
  • the test set up brings together the two tests as shown on the figure 6 .
  • a solution of 5% NaCl is placed at the bottom of a closed chamber and is heated to 50-60 ° C to reproduce the salt spray while the supply of sulfurous products in gaseous form is created from a dissolution of copper in sulfuric acid and is sprayed into the enclosure.
  • the samples 6 are placed in the enclosure in an orderly manner, allowing a homogeneous circulation of the polluted environment.
  • the follow-up parameters to obtain a reproducible test are: the temperature of the NaCl solution, the concentration of the NaCl solution, the air flow rate injected into the sulfuric acid for a return to the enclosure, the quantity of dissolved copper and the concentration of sulfuric acid allowing the dissolution of copper.
  • the electric cable according to the invention has no mark / corrosion breach which is not the case of electric cables according to the prior art.
  • the prior art electric cable without grease has more than 350 microns of depth of observed corrosion bites, more than 150 for the electric cable with grease and no or almost none for the electric cable according to the invention.
  • This graph also shows the important role of the grease which by its point of drop will flow outward of the electric cable to protect it from corrosion.
  • Test 2 Validity test according to IEC61284
  • Tests were conducted by an independent laboratory, DERVAUX company, to measure the temperature of the electrical cable according to the invention.
  • the driver AEROZ 1 was tested, as well as a conductor AEROZ 2 (conductor identical to AEROZ 1 except that the Z-section strands of the inner layer also has an alumina thickness of 8 to 10 ⁇ m) .
  • the electric cable according to the invention also provides fire characteristics superior to the standard conductor.
  • raw aluminum wires were compared to wires according to the invention, in particular to AGS 6201 aluminum alloy wires covered with a boehmite layer.
  • the thickness of the hydrated alumina layer varied from 7 to 10 ⁇ m along the wire.
  • the son tested all have a diameter of 8 mm.
  • samples The principle of the test that has been performed on the son (samples) is based on induction. Via a coil, a magnetic field is created around the samples. By a physical principle, the electrons of the material (aluminum) will be excited. This excitation will generate heat until at a given point (in the middle of the coil), the fusion of the substrate. The melting temperature of the aluminum (658 ° C.) is then reached.
  • the heating parameters of the samples will depend on the power emitted by the inductor.
  • the strands according to the invention withstand high temperatures ( figure 11 ) and do not intersect, unlike pure aluminum strands ( figure 10 ).

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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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Claims (19)

  1. Stromkabel (1), umfassend ein von einer ersten Schicht (2) umgebenes längliches Element (4), die eine Kombination von mindestens zwei Metalladern (2a) aus Aluminium oder aus Aluminiumlegierung umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gesamte Umfang der mindestens zwei Metalladern eine hydratisierte Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) aufweist.
  2. Stromkabel (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenfläche der ersten Schicht die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) umfasst.
  3. Stromkabel (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kombination der Metalladern imstande ist, der ersten Schicht eine etwa gleichmäßige Oberfläche zu verleihen.
  4. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Metalladern (2a), welche die erste Schicht bilden, einen Querschnitt mit einer Form aufweist, die zu der Form der ihr benachbarten Ader(n) komplementär ist.
  5. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Schicht eine externe Schicht ist.
  6. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) eine monohydratisierte Aluminiumoxidschicht ist.
  7. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) eine Boehmitschicht ist.
  8. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) eine polyhydratisierte Aluminiumoxidschicht ist.
  9. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Querschnitt der Metalladern (2a) eine Z- oder Trapezform aufweist.
  10. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht imstande ist, im Bereich einer Verbindungszone zu brechen.
  11. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) eine Dicke von höchstens 20 µm aufweist.
  12. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) eine Dicke von mindestens 5 µm aufweist.
  13. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei zwischen dem länglichen Element (4) und der ersten Schicht (2) eine zweite innere Schicht (3) angeordnet ist.
  14. Stromkabel (1) nach Anspruch 13, wobei die innere Schicht (3) eine Kombination von Metalladern (3a) umfasst, wobei jede der Metalladern (3a), die die innere Schicht bilden, einen Querschnitt mit einer Form aufweist, die zu der Form der ihr benachbarten Ader(n) komplementär ist.
  15. Stromkabel (1) nach Anspruch 14, wobei mindestens ein Abschnitt des Umfangs der Metalladern (3a) und vorzugsweise der gesamte Umfang der Metalladern (3a) der inneren Schicht (3) von einer hydratisierten Aluminiumoxidschicht gebildet ist.
  16. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das längliche Element (4), die erste Schicht (2) und/oder die zweite Schicht (3) aus Aluminium oder aus Aluminiumlegierung sind.
  17. Stromkabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Hochspannungs-Stromübertragungskabel (OHL) ist.
  18. Herstellungsverfahren eines Stromkabels (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    a) Durchführen einer kontrollierten Oxidation auf der Oberfläche von mindestens einem Metalldraht (2a) aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung, um eine hydratisierte Aluminiumoxidschicht (9) auf dem gesamten Umfang des Metalldrahts zu bilden, und
    b) Kombinieren mehrerer Metalladern (2a) aus Schritt a), um die erste Schicht und optional die zweite Schicht um das längliche Element (4) zu bilden.
  19. Herstellungsverfahren eines Stromkabels (1) nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt der kontrollierten Oxidation ein Anodisierungsschritt ist.
EP12174688.7A 2011-07-04 2012-07-03 Stromkabel mit begrenzter Korrosion und verbesserter Feuerbeständigkeit Not-in-force EP2544190B1 (de)

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FR1156011A FR2977705A1 (fr) 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Conducteur de lignes aeriennes
FR1156016A FR2977704B1 (fr) 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Cable electrique

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US9859038B2 (en) 2012-08-10 2018-01-02 General Cable Technologies Corporation Surface modified overhead conductor
US10957468B2 (en) 2013-02-26 2021-03-23 General Cable Technologies Corporation Coated overhead conductors and methods
BR112018001195B1 (pt) 2015-07-21 2022-08-09 General Cable Technologies Corp Acessórios elétricos para sistemas de transmissão de potência e métodos para preparar tais acessórios elétricos
CN111276275B (zh) * 2020-03-10 2021-09-24 西比里电机技术(苏州)有限公司 一种高温绝缘导线、制备方法及涂敷设备
CN112164508B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-03-08 江苏科信光电科技有限公司 一种抗阻燃耐高温电缆
FR3120236A1 (fr) 2021-02-26 2022-09-02 Nexans Procédé d’anodisation en ligne de fils d’aluminium
CN114993503B (zh) * 2022-08-03 2022-11-04 河北微探电子设备有限公司 一种可恢复式定温型感温电缆

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FR676889A (fr) 1928-06-25 1930-02-28 Metallgesellschaft Ag Conducteur plein pour haute tension
DE1167932B (de) * 1959-09-08 1964-04-16 Johann Zagorski Dr Ing Hochspannungsvolleiter
JPS56134411A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-10-21 Fujikura Ltd Aluminum transmission line
IT1194255B (it) * 1983-06-03 1988-09-14 Pirelli Cavi Spa Procedimento per rendere non propaganti l'incendio i cavi elettrici a olio fluido,collegamento elettrico e cavi ad olio fluido ottenuti con detto procedimento
GB8602927D0 (en) * 1986-02-06 1986-03-12 Alcan Int Ltd Insulated aluminium wire
JPS63192895A (ja) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-10 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd コ−テイング部材
JPH0877842A (ja) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-22 Hitachi Cable Ltd 波付金属シース付電力ケーブル
WO1997045920A1 (en) * 1996-05-29 1997-12-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ab A conductor for high-voltage windings, and a process for preparing such conductor
CN201036070Y (zh) * 2007-04-30 2008-03-12 无锡华能电缆有限公司 复合材料型线架空导线
JP2009099450A (ja) * 2007-10-18 2009-05-07 Yazaki Corp 酸化アルミニウム被膜絶縁アルミニウム電線の製造方法

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PE20130370A1 (es) 2013-04-13
CN102867586A (zh) 2013-01-09
CL2012001794A1 (es) 2012-11-09
BR102012016455A2 (pt) 2013-07-30
CN102867586B (zh) 2018-01-05
ES2581802T3 (es) 2016-09-07
EP2544190A1 (de) 2013-01-09

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