EP2540933A1 - Board-shaped concreting form lining element - Google Patents

Abstract

The formwork element (2) has a formwork support which has a front and a back, and is in plan view of the rectangular front side is provided with two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides. A plate-like molded portion (4) is largely made of plastic. The rear side wall (12) is largely spaced apart from front side wall (10). The connecting walls (14) are provided in the intermediate region between the front side wall and the rear side wall so that the hollow channels (16) are formed in the shaped portion. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) plywood panel; and (2) formwork panel.

Description

• vorderseitig eine erste Wand,
• rückseitig eine zweite Wand, die mindestens großenteils von der ersten Wand beabstandet ist,
• sowie im Zwischenbereich zwischen der ersten Wand und der zweiten Wand Verbindungswände derart, dass Hohlkanäle in dem Formkörper gebildet sind.

The invention relates to a plate-like concreting formwork skin element which is suitable as part of a concreting formwork and in this case requires the combination with a formwork support,
and which has a front side and a rear side and is substantially rectangular in plan view on the front side with two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides,
characterized in that the formwork skin element has a one-piece molded body, which consists at least for the most part of plastic and has:

• front side a first wall,
• at the back a second wall which is at least largely spaced from the first wall,
• and in the intermediate region between the first wall and the second wall connecting walls such that hollow channels are formed in the molded body.

Conventional concreting frame formwork panels consist essentially of a rectangular frame, which has two edge longitudinal members, two edge cross member and typically at least transverse intermediate support, as well as a mounted on the frame formwork. For the formwork, the most widespread, conventional construction is the construction of several crosswise glued together wood veneers and a plastic layer outside on one or both flat sides. Such Schalhäute have a high weight per square meter and typically survive no more than 50 to 100 inserts. Mechanical influences due to the iron reinforcement for the concrete to be cast and concrete vibrators, as well as the rather aggressive concrete sludge, are attributable to the material of the formwork skins.

It has also already a formwork skin with a multilayer wood core and on both sides each have a plastic layer, which is reinforced with a directed glass fiber mat developed. This formwork skin is much more durable than that described in the previous paragraph, but also almost 3 times as expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, one has already developed a formwork skin, which consists of a plastic hard foam core, on both sides of each an aluminum sheet, and on both sides of each a plastic layer. Such a formwork skin is similarly durable and with a similar high production price per square meter afflicted as the formwork described in the previous paragraph.

The invention has for its object to provide a formwork skin element available, which is characterized by an optimal combination of high durability and low production costs per square meter. The formwork skin element according to the invention withstands 150 to 200 inserts. Cladding element use is understood as incorporation (eg combined with the framework of a frame formwork) into the overall formwork for the concreting task in question, formwork function during concreting, stripping of the hardened concrete, and storage or transport to the next application ,

The molded body of the formwork skin element according to the invention is double-walled and offers - in conjunction with the connecting walls - the best conditions for an outstanding combination of load-carrying capacity and production costs (material weight!). The molding, which consists at least for the most part of plastic, can be manufactured inexpensively.

Particularly favorable is the production of the molded body, if it is an extrusion part. The extrusion of hot-plastic molding compounds, which consist at least largely of plastic, is a particularly rational production technique.

The shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention may be a fiber-reinforced part, more preferably a fiber-reinforced extrusion part. As reinforcing fibers, e.g. Suitable for glass fibers; These can be used in lengths of less than 1 mm.

In a more specific embodiment of the shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention, the shaped body contains wood fibers. This special training can be realized in the formwork skin element according to the entry paragraph of the application, but also in one or more of the above-discussed, more specific training. In particular, the shaped body may be an extrusion part. The wood fibers act as reinforcing fibers and can, but do not have to be used with diameters and lengths in a range like the known glass fibers. The reinforcing effect is similarly good. Hot-plastic plastic-wood fiber mixtures are significantly gentler in the production of the molding for the extrusion screw and the extrusion die as plastic-glass fiber mixtures. Recycle after service life is easier and cheaper because the mill is less stressed. Wood fibers come from renewable resources and are therefore ecologically favorable. It is possible to use several different types of fibers in a molding simultaneously. You can work with about 50 to 70% by weight wood fibers on 100% plastic plus wood fibers. The multilayer formwork made of glued wood veneer described at the beginning has the advantage of being nailable. You can z. B. in a simple manner on the top of the formwork skin of a total formwork wood strips for recesses or the like in the concrete to be produced. By adding wood fibers to the base plastic one can achieve good nailability.

In a more specific embodiment of the shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention, a plastic layer is superimposed on the shaped body on the front side or on the front side and on the rear side. This special training can be realized in the formwork skin element according to the entry paragraph of the application, but also in one or more of the above-discussed, more specific training. The plastic layer (s) may be applied by coextrusion during the extrusion of the molded article; but this is not the only way of applying the plastic layer, you can, for. B. extrude one or two plastic layers on a previously prepared molding or at the same time a plurality of juxtaposed, previously prepared moldings. The plastic layer may be connected over its entire surface with the molding. The plastic layer helps to ensure a high surface quality of the concrete and to facilitate the ability of the concrete to be dismantled, and protects the molded body against mechanical damage.

In a more specific embodiment of the shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention at least a portion of the hollow channels is filled in each case at least partially with foam plastic. This special training can be realized in the formwork skin element according to the entry paragraph of the application, but also in one or more of the above-discussed, more specific training. The foam plastic can be a rigid foam plastic be. The foam plastic may be a prefabricated, inserted into the respective hollow channel molding, which can be pulled out before recycling. The foam plastic filling creates or improves the nailability of the formwork element in the places where it is present. In addition, there is a stiffening effect for the formwork skin element. Finally, the foam plastic filling prevents penetration of concrete vapors into the interior of the molding, even if the "old" nail holes in the first wall of the molding have not closed well enough.

In a more specific embodiment of the shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention, the shaped body has at its two transverse sides and / or on at least one longitudinal side in each case at least one machined surface. This special training can be realized in the formwork skin element according to the entry paragraph of the application, but also in one or more of the above-discussed, more specific training. The machined (n) surface (s) result in an improved dimensional accuracy, which is advantageous in the case of the frame formwork when assembled with the frame, but also in the co-positioning of several moldings or shell skin elements.

Another object of the invention is a concrete formwork panel, characterized in that it contains a plurality of formwork skin elements, as have been disclosed above, the longitudinal side-to-longitudinal side are positioned side by side. In the production of moldings according to the invention, depending on the production technology used and the production equipment available, to a greater or lesser extent, restrictions are imposed on the maximum size of the molding, especially on the maximum width of the molding. Therefore, it is a favorable possibility, if one overcomes these limitations, that one produces a formwork panel according to the invention, which includes several Schalhautelemente. The plurality of formwork skin elements may be combined to form the unitary formwork facing panel.

In a more specific embodiment of the formwork panel according to the invention, in each case the adjacent two moldings are in positive engagement with each other, which is bidirectionally effective in the direction perpendicular to the first wall and / or in the lateral direction of the moldings. These Measure improves the mutual cohesion of the moldings in the formwork panel.

In a more specific embodiment of the formwork panel according to the invention at least one common superimposed plastic layer for a plurality of adjacent moldings, low for all moldings in the formwork panel, front and / or back, provided. This special training can be realized in the formwork panel according to the penultimate, preceding paragraph of the application, but also in a formwork panel according to the last, preceding paragraph of the application, but also in a formwork panel with the features of the two preceding paragraphs together.

1. (a) mit einem einzigen Schalhautelement, wie es weiter oben offenbart worden ist, gebildet ist; oder
2. (b) mit mehreren Schalhautelementen, wie sie weiter oben offenbart worden sind, die Längsseite-an-Längsseite nebeneinander positioniert sind; oder
3. (c) mit einer Schalhauttafel, wie sie weiter oben offenbart worden ist, gebildet ist.

A further subject of the invention is a concreting frame formwork panel which has a rectangular frame with two edge side members, two edge cross members, and preferably at least one longitudinal intermediate member and / or at least one transverse intermediate member,
characterized in that the frame formwork panel has a formwork facing attached to the frame,

1. (a) is formed with a single formwork skin element as disclosed above; or
2. (b) with a plurality of formwork skin elements as disclosed above, the longitudinal side-longitudinal sides are positioned side by side; or
3. (C) is formed with a formwork panel, as has been disclosed above.

Finally, another object of the invention, the use of the formwork skin element, as disclosed above, or the formwork panel, as has been disclosed above, or the Rahmenschalungstafel, as has been previously disclosed, in a concrete slab formwork at which Schalhautelemente or formwork panels or Rahmenschalungstafeln are each stored on carriers of the slab formwork. In a more specific embodiment, the use is such that the formwork skin element or the formwork panel is stored at least at three points or at more than three points of his or her length. But it is also a use possible in which the formwork skin element or the formwork panel or the Rahmenschalungstafel is superimposed only in the region of the two ends of the longitudinal extent. The foregoing has shown that the shaped body of the formwork skin element according to the invention or the shaped body of the formwork panel according to the invention are well suited for recycling. Plastic moldings (with or without reinforcing fibers) can be recycled by crushing and remelting. If a plastic layer is present on the molding or the juxtaposition of several moldings, this is not contrary to recycling. Depending on the plastic materials used, the plastic layer will be removed in a first step for recycling or the whole structure will be shredded. For recycling, it is most advantageous if the shaped body and the plastic layer (s) consist of the same type of plastic. Foamed plastic in the hollow channels, if present, is best pulled out prior to recycling.

To highlight particularly favorable materials for the molding and / or the plastic layer (s), here are called polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

In a more specific embodiment, the single molded article has a width of at least 115 cm, more particularly a width of at least 175 cm, and more particularly a width of at least 205 cm. Such widths are large enough that the Schalhautelement with a single molded body has such a size that you can use it well alone alone as a formwork on a frame formwork panel or (with or without frame) in a slab formwork. If, on the other hand, B. because of unavailability of a corresponding production facility, moldings contrast would like to produce smaller width, then the moldings have a width of 25 to 65 cm, more particularly a width of 25 to 40 cm in a special embodiment. Such narrower moldings are particularly well suited to be combined into several side by side to form a formwork panel according to the invention.

In the length of the molded article is usually not subject to manufacturing limitations. In a more specific embodiment, the molded article or bodies have a length of at least 265 cm, more particularly a length of at least 295 cm.

Which maximum length inventive shaped bodies can bridge without support is essentially determined by the flexural strength of the shaped body, and this, in turn, depends essentially on the thickness of the molded article (and also the thickness of the first wall and the second wall). In a more specific embodiment, the molded article or bodies have a thickness of 17 to 28 mm, more particularly a thickness of 18 to 24 mm. So you can z. B. produce with a molded body thickness of 20 mm molded body, which can be assembled with conventional frame (as usual for formwork from multi-layer panel of glued wood veneers). The weight of the formwork skin according to the invention is significantly lower than in this common formwork skin.

• Fig. 1 ein Schalhautelement in perspektivischer Darstellung;
• Fig. 2 zwei in Querrichtung abgeschnittene Schalhautelemente in abgewandelter Ausführungsform, angebracht auf einem Rahmen;
• Fig. 3 ein Detail A aus Fig. 2 in größerem Maßstab;
• Fig. 4 ein Detail B aus Fig. 2 in größerem Maßstab;
• Fig. 5 eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf einen Ausschnitt einer Deckenschalung.

The invention and more specific embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:

• Fig. 1 a formwork skin element in perspective view;
• Fig. 2 two cut-away in the transverse direction formwork skin elements in a modified embodiment, mounted on a frame;
• Fig. 3 a detail A off Fig. 2 on a larger scale;
• Fig. 4 a detail B off Fig. 2 on a larger scale;
• Fig. 5 a schematic plan view of a section of a slab formwork.

Fig. 1 shows a concrete formwork skin element 2, hereinafter short formwork skin element 2, which is supported by a formwork support supported as part of a concreting formwork suitable. The formwork skin element 2 is plate-like and in plan view (arrow D) is substantially rectangular.

The formwork skin element 2 is constructed from a plate-like, in plan view, rectangular shaped body 4, a front-side, first plastic layer 6, and a rear-side, second plastic layer 8.

The molded body 4 consists in this embodiment of polyethylene (PE), has a width b of almost 30 cm, has a height h of 20 mm, and has a length I of almost 270 cm. The plastic layers 6, 8 consist in this embodiment of polyethylene (PE). It is possible to provide only the first plastic layer 6 or to provide the shaped body 4 entirely without plastic layers 6, 8.

The molded body 4 has a front-side, first wall 10, a rear-side, second wall 12, and connecting walls 14 which, in the case of the cross-sectionally shaped molded body 4, extend at right angles to the first wall 10 and the second wall 12. In each case between two adjacent connecting walls 14 extends a rectangular cross-section hollow channel 16 in the longitudinal direction of the shaped body 4. Am in Fig. 1 left end and at in Fig. 2 right end is in each case a half, to the side open hollow channel 16 '. The pitch, in which the connecting walls 14 are provided, in this embodiment is about 30 mm.

At one point, a rectangular-prismatic foam plastic block 18 is shown, which is just inserted with a tight fit in one of the hollow channels 16.

Fig. 2 on the one hand illustrates a modified embodiment of the formwork skin element and on the other hand a concreting frame formwork panel 20, hereinafter referred to as frame formwork panel 20.

The frame formwork panel 20 is rectangular in plan view on its front side and has two edge side members 22 (of which in Fig. 2 only the left can be seen), two edge cross members 24 (of which in Fig. 2 only the rear can be seen), and several transverse subcarriers 26 (of which in Fig. 2 a cut transverse intermediate beam 26 can be seen) on. The carrier 22, 24, 26 consist in this embodiment of sheet steel profiles, z. B. but also consist of extruded profiles made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

At the front of the frame 25 are placed on a respective step 28 of the two edge cross member 24 a total of nine moldings 4 longitudinal side-to-longitudinal side and thereby supported. The moldings 4 are each attached at least at the two ends to the edge cross members 24, z. B. by screws. In Fig. 2 one sees on the left a shaped body 4 in full width b and right next to it a shaped body 4 with only a part of its width b; the remaining width is cut off to the right in the longitudinal direction of the molding 4. The edge side members 22 each have a step.

In the Fig. 2 drawn moldings 4 differ from the in Fig. 1 shown molding 4 in that - as in Fig. 3 shown in detail - is given at the transition between two adjacent moldings 4, a positive engagement of the two moldings 4, in the direction perpendicular to the first wall extending direction (which corresponds to the direction of the top view D) and in the lateral direction of the mold body 4 (ie from the left to the right in Fig. 2 and 3 ) is bidirectionally effective. By "bidirectional" is meant that two adjacent moldings 4 can not shift up or down relative to each other at the junction between them or can not shift to the left or right relative to each other.

To create the positive engagement, the in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 left moldings 4 at its right longitudinal edge on an undercut groove 30. The right adjacent shaped body 4 has at its left longitudinal edge on a longitudinal projection 32. The channel 30 is at its - measured in the direction of the height h - least high point 34 less high than the - measured in the direction of height h - the largest height 36 of the projection 32. The two adjacent moldings 4 can either by relative movement in the longitudinal direction or be brought by relative movement in the transverse direction in the positive engagement. In the latter case, the projection 32 under local elastic deformation of the in Fig. 3 upper gutter end and / or the in Fig. 3 upper projection end are snapped. At the beginning of the merging movement you can see the in Fig. 3 lead right mold 4 obliquely from right-up to left-down. At the end of the reunification movement you can see the in Fig. 3 right mold body 4 counterclockwise relative to the in Fig. 3 Swivel left mold body 4.

It is emphasized that the in Fig. 3 Drawn gutter projection configuration is just one of many ways that you can make a bidirectionally effective, in the direction of the height h bidirectionally effective as well as in the direction of the width b bidirectionally effective, positive connection between the two adjacent moldings 4.

Fig. 4 shows a way of securing a sleeve 38 provided in the frame 25 for the passage of a tensioning anchor to the frame 25 by means of the relevant molded article 4 (which in turn is fastened to the frame 25 by screws or rivets, for example). The sleeve 38 has in its front end region two outwardly projecting collar 40, each extending to slightly more than half of the circumference of the sleeve 38. The in Fig. 4 lower collar 40 lies down on the step 28 of the frame 25. The second wall 12 of the molded body 4 is so far except that it passes by the movement of the molded body 4 from top to bottom of the two collar 40, so that the second wall 12 also rests down on the step 28 of the frame 25. The first wall 10 of the molded body 4 is less far removed so that it rests down (ie with its front side opposite the front) on the upper collar 40 and thereby presses and fixes the sleeve 38 against the step 28 of the frame 25.

In Fig. 2 and 4 can be seen a gap 48 between the local edge-side member 22 of the frame 25 and the left edge of the leftmost mold body 4. There, a resilient sealing strip is introduced in a subsequent manufacturing step. An identical sealing strip is located on the other longitudinal member 22. Analogous sealing strips are present between the edge cross members 24 and the ends of the shaped bodies 4.

All moldings 4 are machined at the two ends where the hollow channels 16 terminate to a planar end plane, e.g. sawed or milled so that a good fit in frame 25 results. The same applies to the left edge of the leftmost mold 4 and the right edge of the right mold 4.

Both Fig. 2 . 3 . 4 is the frame formwork panel without plastic layers 4, 6 drawn on the moldings 4. Thus, each shaped body 4 is at the same time a formwork skin element 2. It is also possible to provide plastic layers 6, 8 on the front side and / or on the back side. The plastic layer (s) 6 and / or 8 can be made so wide that in each case one or more moldings 4 are covered next to each other by one and the same plastic layer, particularly even all moldings 4 of the relevant formlining panel 20. Such a design has the advantage that the column 42 are covered at the transition of adjacent moldings 4.

It is emphasized that the in Fig. 2 visualized creation of a contiguous group of formwork elements 2 or moldings 4 is not limited to the case of an arrangement on the frame 25 of a frame formwork panel 20. You could z. B. create a coherent arrangement of a certain number of moldings 4, create in this way a uniform formwork panel, z. B. attach a plastic layer on the front side of this formwork panel, and store this formwork panel on the support of a carrier slab formwork. It is also possible to provide for a plurality of longitudinal side-to-longitudinal side positioned formwork skin panels 2 or moldings 4 to a formwork panel end strips, which cover a plurality of Schaltafelelemente 2 or 4 molded body at the ends extending in the transverse direction and by local engagement with the formwork elements. 2 or the moldings 4 create a connection. Such end strips, the hollow channels 16 end close. Closing end strips are also possible if they are individually provided in each case for only one formwork skin element 2 or a shaped body 4.

The in the Fig. 1 to 4 drawn moldings 4 were all extruded parts. They can be made with reinforcing fibers, in particular wood fibers.

The slab formwork, from the in Fig. 5 a detail is drawn in plan view, has main carrier 44, which are positioned at a greater distance parallel to each other and rest on invisible columns. On the main beams 44 are secondary beams 46, which are positioned at right angles to the main beams 44 and at a smaller mutual distance than the main beams 44. In the illustrated example is on four sub-carriers 46 close to a row of either formwork panels 2 or formwork panels (from several formwork elements) or Rahmenschalungstafeln (with formwork elements or at least one formwork panel on a frame) on. The longitudinal direction of the formwork skin elements 2 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the secondary supports 46.

Claims (12)

Plate-type concreting formwork skin element,
which is suitable as part of a concreting formwork and in this case requires the combination with a formwork support,
and which has a front side and a rear side and is substantially rectangular in plan view on the front side with two longitudinal sides and two transverse sides,
characterized in that the formwork skin element has a one-piece molded body, which consists at least for the most part of plastic and has: front side a first wall, a second wall at the rear, which is at least for the most part spaced from the first wall, - And in the intermediate region between the first wall and the second wall connecting walls such that hollow channels are formed in the molded body. Formwork skin element according to claim 1,
characterized in that the shaped body is an extrusion part. Formwork skin element according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the shaped body is a fiber-reinforced part. Formwork skin element according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the shaped body contains wood fibers. Formwork skin element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the molding at least on the front side, a plastic layer is superimposed. Formwork skin element according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that at least a portion of the hollow channels is filled at least partially with foam plastic. Formwork skin element according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the shaped body has at its two transverse sides and / or on at least one longitudinal side in each case at least one machined surface. Betonierungs scarf skin panel
characterized in that it comprises a plurality of formwork skin elements according to one of claims 1 to 7, the longitudinal side are positioned side by side on the longitudinal side. Formwork panel according to claim 8,
characterized in that in each case the adjacent two moldings are in a form-locking engagement with each other, which is bidirectionally effective in the direction perpendicular to the first wall and / or in the transverse direction of the molded body. Formwork panel according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized in that at least one common superimposed plastic layer is provided for a plurality of adjacent moldings. Betonierungs formwork panel
which has a rectangular frame with two edge longitudinal members, two edge cross members, and preferably at least one longitudinal intermediate member and / or at least one transverse intermediate member,
characterized in that the Rahmenschalungstafel has a fixed to the frame formwork, the (A) is formed with a single formwork element according to one of claims 1 to 7; or (B) is formed with a plurality of formwork skin elements according to one of claims 1 to 7, the longitudinal side-to-longitudinal side are positioned side by side;
or (C) is formed with a formwork panel according to one of claims 8 to 10. Use of the formwork skin element according to one of claims 1 to 7 or the formwork skin panel according to one of claims 8 to 10 or the frame formwork panel according to claim 11, in a concrete slab formwork, in which formwork skin elements or formwork panels or frame formwork panels are respectively stored on support the slab formwork.

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