EP2534310B1 - Method for producing material columns and vibrating device having a reciprocating unit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing material columns in the soil using a vibrator arrangement and a device with a vibrator arrangement.

Jogger arrangements for the production of columns of material in the soil or for compaction of the soil are known in principle. Such vibrator assemblies include a material tube having a material outlet at a lower end and a vibrator disposed on the material tube. In Rüttleranordnungen, which are designed as a deep vibrator, the vibrator is disposed at a lower end of the material tube and is located during operation in the ground in Aufsatzrüttlern the vibrator sits on top of the material tube.

The vibrator assembly is secured to a support device which is capable of moving the vibrator assembly in its longitudinal direction and which comprises, for example, a broker or a support arm of an earthworks implement. To produce a column of material in the ground, the vibrator assembly is held by the carrier to a predetermined depth into the ground. The vibrator assembly is then progressively stepped out of the ground by the support, with a desired material, such as sand or gravel, being introduced into a cavity created after lifting below the vibrator assembly via the material tube. After each introduction of material, the vibrator arrangement is lowered at least once, but usually several times, into the material introduced in order to compact it and if necessary to drive it laterally into the ground.

The support device for the deep vibrator can for example comprise a broker, to which the vibrator assembly is moved by means of a cable tensioning device in its longitudinal direction. However, the many up and down movements of the Rüttleranordnung, which are required for the production of a column of material, however, lead to a considerable wear of the cable material, which is still reinforced by dust and dirt, as is common on construction sites where material columns are made in the ground ,

The DE 198 14 021 A1 describes a device for introducing an impurity into soils or compaction of the soil, with at least one torpedo deep vibrator as a processing tool, which is attached to a vibration isolating connector, which is connected to an at least three-membered boom mounted on a movable equipped with a turntable earthmover is. The device is provided with a material conveying tube along the vibrator, through which the foreign matter (preferably gravel, sand or pumped concrete) is conveyed to the Rüttlerspitze. For soils in which a water back pressure at the Rüttlerspitze impeded the escape of foreign matter, the foreign matter is advantageously transported via a lock chamber first in an extension tube before it arrives in the material delivery pipe. Of the two closures of the lock chamber only one is open at all times. The extension tube is held by a compressed air connection not shown here permanently under an overpressure relative to the groundwater pressure at the Rüttlerspitze.

The DE 103 10 727 A1 describes a device for introducing lime, gravel, sand, gravel or dry mortar or concrete into soft, displaceable trays for the production of vertical columns.

In the EP 1 234 916 A2 For example, a method for producing columns in non-load-bearing floors is described for the purpose of Soil improvement or stabilization, with the following process steps for the preparation of one of the columns: a displacement device, in particular a deep vibrator with lock tube or a displacement tube with closure is shaken from the soil surface into a viable or at least sustainable soil layer; a lower column section which is supported directly by at least supportable soil layers is built up, in particular by means of the displacement device, from below to above from a rolling material; a tubular casing is inserted from the bottom surface, passing through at least one unsupportable bottom layer, extending into the lower column section; and the wrapper is filled with rolling material to form an envelope-supported upper column section.

The EP 1 273 714 A2 describes a method for compacting mobile floors for the purpose of ground improvement by post-raster compacting operations performed respectively with the following method steps: a deep vibrator is vibrated into the ground from the ground surface; the deep vibrator is pulled up shaking with compaction of the soil; as a feed material, at least in phases fiber-displaced rolling material is added during the pulling of the deep vibrator from the surface.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for the production of columns of material in the soil and an improved device with a vibrator arrangement for the production of columns of material in the soil.

This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 16. Embodiments and developments are the subject of dependent claims.

According to one embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises a device comprising: a vibrator arrangement comprising a vibrator, at least one first material tube having a longitudinal direction, and a material outlet at a lower end of the first material tube; and a vibrator assembly support device configured to move the vibrator assembly in the longitudinal direction of the first material tube. At least one lifting unit is arranged between the carrying device and the first material tube, which is designed to move at least the first material tube in its longitudinal direction.

leranordnung with the material outlet, which is arranged at least one material tube and a material inlet, starting from the support device below the lifting unit.

By means of the lifting unit of the vibrator is movable together with the first material tube in the longitudinal direction of the first material tube relative to the support device. The at least one lifting unit can be arranged between the vibrator arrangement and the carrying device. In this case, during operation, the entire vibrator arrangement can be moved by the lifting unit.

In another example, a second material tube is provided which is slidably mounted relative to the first material tube, wherein the at least one lifting unit is arranged between the first and the second material tube. In this device, only the first material tube with the vibrator is moved relative to the support device. A feed opening for feeding material into the pipe arrangement, which has the first and second material pipes, can be arranged on the second material pipe. This feed opening remains stationary in a method of the first material tube by means of the lifting unit, so that even during the movement of the first material tube with the vibrator material can be fed into the tube assembly.

The carrying device and the lifting unit are designed to move the vibrator arrangement in its longitudinal direction, wherein the longitudinal direction of the vibrator arrangement is defined by the longitudinal direction of the first material pipe. The maximum distance over which at least the first material tube can be moved with the vibrator is less than the maximum distance over which the vibrator arrangement can be moved by the carrier device. A maximum stroke of the lifting unit is thus less than a maximum stroke of the support device. The maximum stroke of the lifting unit is in particular less than a maximum possible penetration depth of the vibrator arrangement in the ground.

Regardless of the type of carrying device, the lifting unit allows longitudinal movements of the vibrator without requiring movement of the carrying device. Alternate up and down movements of the vibrator with a relatively small stroke, as they are required when introducing and compacting material can be carried out by means of the lifting unit, while the support device is required only for movements with a larger stroke, such as when introducing the Rüttleranordnung in the ground. To the support device so that lower requirements to be made than in conventional devices for the production of columns of material in the ground, in which the movements with a small stroke must be performed by the support device.

The support device may be a conventional deep shaker support such as a cable device, an earthmover support arm, or a tower device.

In one example, the support device comprises a carriage which is movable on a tower or broker. By means of the carriage movement of the Rüttleranordnung over long distances is possible, as required for example when retracting the Rüttleranordnung in the ground. The slide can be detected at the leader, which are possible movements of the Rüttleranordnung means of the lifting unit in the carriage determined.

The carriage may, for example, be moved by means of a conventional mechanism, such as a cable mechanism, on the leader. In a further example of the carrying device, a second carriage is provided, which is also movable on the leader and can be fixed thereto. The lifting unit is arranged between the two carriages. With this arrangement, any up and down movements of the vibrator assembly on the broker are possible without the need for a rope device is required. If one of the carriages is detected, the other carriage can be released in this device and moved by means of the lifting unit on the leader. By alternately releasing and locking the carriage can be carried out any up and down movements, the direction of movement is dependent on the order in which the carriages are released and detected.

An example of a method for making a column of material in the ground comprises providing a previously discussed apparatus, introducing the vibrator assembly to a predetermined depth into the ground, retracting the vibrator assembly so that a cavity remains beneath the vibrator assembly, introducing material into it the cavity for producing a material reservoir, retracting the vibrator assembly into the material reservoir using the lifting unit, and at least partially retracting the vibrator assembly from the material reservoir using the lifting unit. This method is suitable for both deep and top vibrators.

The up and down movement of the vibrator assembly by means of the lifting unit for compressing the introduced material can be performed several times in succession. Here, each time the vibrator assembly is moved upwardly by the lifting unit, new material can be introduced into the resulting cavity below the vibrator assembly.

Figur 1

veranschaulicht ein erstes Beispiel einer Vorrichtung mit einer Tiefenrüttleranordnung, einer Tragvorrichtung und einer zwischen der Rüttleranordnung und der Tragvorrichtung angeordneten Hubeinheit.

Figur 2

veranschaulicht ein Beispiel einer Vorrichtung mit einer Aufsatzrüttleranordnung, einer Tragvorrichtung und einer zwischen der Rüttleranordnung und der Tragvorrichtung angeordneten Hubeinheit.

Figur 3

veranschaulicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Tragvorrichtung eine Seiltragvorrichtung ist.

Figur 4

veranschaulicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Tragvorrichtung einen Tragarm eines Erdbaugeräts aufweist.

Figur 5

veranschaulicht ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Tragvorrichtung einen Turm und einen an dem Turm verfahrbaren Schlitten aufweist.

Figur 6

veranschaulicht ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Tragvorrichtung einen Turm und einen an dem Turm verfahrbaren Schlitten aufweist.

Figur 7

veranschaulicht ein Beispiel einer Vorrichtung mit einer Tiefenrüttleranordnung, einer Tragvorrichtung und einem Hydraulikzylinder, wobei der Hydraulikzylinder zwischen einem ersten und einem zweiten Materialrohr die Rüttleranordnung angeordnet ist.

Examples are explained in more detail below with reference to figures. The figures serve to illustrate the basic principle of the invention, so that only the aspects necessary for understanding the basic principle are shown. The figures are not necessarily to scale. Like reference numerals designate like parts with the same meaning.

FIG. 1

illustrates a first example of a device having a deep vibrator assembly, a carrier, and a lift unit disposed between the vibrator assembly and the carrier.

FIG. 2

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a device having a topping vibrator assembly, a carrier, and a lift unit disposed between the vibrator assembly and the carrier. FIG.

FIG. 3

illustrates an embodiment in which the support device is a cable support device.

FIG. 4

illustrates an embodiment in which the support device has a support arm of an earthworks device.

FIG. 5

illustrates a first embodiment in which the support device comprises a tower and a carriage movable on the tower.

FIG. 6

illustrates a second embodiment in which the support device comprises a tower and a carriage movable on the tower.

FIG. 7

illustrates an example of a device having a deep vibrator assembly, a support device, and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the hydraulic cylinder between a first and a second material tube, the vibrator assembly is arranged.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of an apparatus for producing columns of material in the soil and / or for compaction of the soil. This apparatus comprises a vibrator arrangement 1, which has a feed pipe or material pipe 11 with an upper and a lower end, wherein at the lower end of the material tube 11, a vibrator 12 is arranged. The vibrator 12 is mounted vibration-damped in a manner not shown in detail on the material tube 11, so that vibrations resulting from vibrating the vibrator 12 vibrations are not transmitted or at least only to a small extent on the material tube 11. The material pipe 11 is in FIG. 1 - As also explained in the following FIG. 2 - Shown in cross-section, the other components are shown in side view.

The material tube 11, which is also referred to as a silo tube, has at its lower end an outlet to which a further tube 16 is connected, which is guided parallel to the vibrator 12 to a tip of the vibrator 12 and in the region of the tip the vibrator forms a material outlet 13 of the vibrator arrangement 1. The further tube 16 may be mounted vibration-damped on the material pipe 11.

The material tube 11 has, for example, a cylindrical geometry. By way of example, the further tube 16 can be realized such that it partially surrounds the vibrator 12, and then has, for example, a crescent-shaped geometry in cross-section.

The vibrator arrangement according to FIG. 1 in which the vibrator 12 is disposed at a lower end of the material pipe 11 is also referred to as a deep vibrator.

FIG. 2 shows a device with a vibrator, which is designed as Aufsatzrüttler and in which the vibrator 12 is arranged on top of the material tube 11. The vibrator 12 and the material tube are not decoupled in terms of vibration, so that shaking movements of the vibrator 12 are transmitted to the material tube.

Referring to the FIGS. 1 and 2 has the Rüttleranordnung regardless of their specific design as Tiefenrüttler or as Aufsatzrüttler in the upper region of the material tube 11, a material supply, which in the FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown only schematically and in the example has a laterally arranged on the material pipe 11 material container 14 and disposed between the material container 14 and the interior of the material tube 11 flap 15. The flap 15 can be opened and closed, wherein with the flap open material G, such as gravel, gravel or sand, can flow from the material container 14 into the interior of the material tube 11. In one embodiment, it is provided that when the flap 15 is closed by means of its pressure device, not shown, an overpressure in the interior of the material tube 11, the in FIG. 1 is shown in cross section, can be generated. The production of such overpressure may be necessary, in particular, when material columns are to be produced in the ground, which reach below the groundwater level. An overpressure is required to bring material against the pressure of groundwater in the soil.

Instead of a simple flap 15 between the material container 14 and inside the material tube 11, a material lock (not shown) with two flaps can be provided, via which the material G is introduced into the interior of the material tube 11. Such a material lock can prevent a built-up in the interior of the material tube 11 overpressure escapes each time when material is re-supplied.

In principle, any known material feeds can be used, such as, for example, those in which material is introduced via a delivery hose under pressure directly into the material tube 11.

The in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown Rüttleranordnungen 1 is merely illustrative of the basic principle of Rüttleranordnungen. It should be noted that related can be used with the present invention any Rüttleranordnungen, such as deep vibrators or Aufsatzrüttler, in particular also vibrator arrangements with a different kind of material stirring or with another type of arrangement of material pipe and vibrator.

Referring to the FIGS. 1 and 2 the device also comprises a support device 2 with a support element 21. The support device 2 can be realized in different ways, as will be explained below.

In addition, the device comprises a lifting unit 3, which is realized in the illustrated example as a lifting cylinder with a cylinder piston 31 and a cylinder housing 32, wherein the cylinder piston 31 can be extended out of the cylinder housing 32 and retracted into the cylinder housing 32. The lifting cylinder 3 can be realized as a hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically operable cylinder. In this context, it should be noted that the use of a lifting cylinder as a lifting unit is to be understood merely as an example and that any devices capable of carrying out lifting movements, such as, for example, electrically driven cable, belt or spindle arrangements, can be used. The lifting unit 3 is arranged so that it can move the vibrator arrangement in its longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction of the vibrator assembly 1 in this case corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the silo tube 11, wherein the longitudinal direction of the silo tube 11 is the direction in which the silo tube 11 has its maximum extent.

The lifting unit 3 is in the examples according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 between the support member 21 and the Rüttleranordnung 1, wherein in the illustrated lifting cylinder 3, the cylinder housing 32 is fixed to the support member 21 and the cylinder piston 31 by means of a mounting plate 33 at the upper end of the Rüttleranordnung 1. In principle, the activating cylinder 3 can also be turned over, that is to say the cylinder piston 31 could be attached to a support member 21 and the cylinder housing 32 could be attached to the vibrator assembly 1. "Arranged between the support element 21 and the vibrator arrangement 1" in this context means, in particular, that the parts of the vibrator arrangement 1, that is, the vibrator 12, the silo tube 11 and a material feed opening, which in the examples according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 is represented by the flap 15, are arranged starting from the support device 2 below the lifting unit 3.

In the Aufsatzrüttler 1 according to FIG. 2 a damping element (not shown) may be present between the support element 21 and the vibrator arrangement, which prevents or at least reduces the transmission of vibrations from the vibrator 12 to the support device 2.

A method for producing a column of material in a soil B which is incorporated into the FIGS. 1 and 2 is also shown schematically, will be explained below. As in conventional methods for the production of columns of material, so-called Stopfsäulen, by means of Rüttleranordnungen the vibrator assembly 1 is first introduced to a desired depth in the bottom B. The introduction of the vibrator 1 is carried out by shaking the vibrator 12, wherein the vibrator 1 is tracked by the support device 2 accordingly. The penetration of the deep vibrator 1 in the ground can be supported by the support device 2. The depth to which the vibrator arrangement 1 penetrates maximally into the ground B corresponds to the later depth of the material column.

In a Aufsatzrüttler, as in accordance with FIG. 2 , At the lower end of the material tube, a flap 17 may be provided, which automatically closes during downward movements of the vibrator assembly by the pressure of the surrounding soil and thus prevents the ingress of soil material into the material tube 11, and that when lifting the Rüttleranordnung below automatically opens the pressure of existing material in the material tube 11 material to deliver material.

In a deep shaker, as the according FIG. 1 , The tube 16 may extend in the region of the outlet obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the material pipe 11, whereby the penetration of soil material can also be prevented or reduced.

After reaching the maximum depth of the vibrator 1 is raised a piece, d. H. moved upward, creating a cavity below the vibrator 1. Material from the material tube 11 is introduced via the material outlet 13 into this cavity. The material may already be present in the material tube 11 when the vibrator arrangement penetrates into the soil, or is introduced into the material tube 11 only when the vibrator arrangement 1 has penetrated into the soil B up to its maximum depth. The lifting unit 3 may be extended when the vibrator assembly 11 reaches the maximum depth. In this case, the lifting of the deep vibrator 1 can be carried out by the lifting unit 3, a lifting of the deep vibrator 1 by the support device 2 is not required in this case. However, the lifting unit 3 can also remain retracted until the vibrator arrangement 1 has reached its maximum depth. In this case, the piecemeal lifting of the vibrator arrangement 1 is still carried out by the carrying device 2.

The material introduced during the lifting of the vibrator arrangement 1 into the cavity below the vibrator arrangement 1 is then compacted or driven laterally into the soil. For this purpose, the vibrator 1 is guided by the lifting unit 3 at least once moved by shaking down into the material introduced. In one example, it is provided to move the vibrator assembly up and down several times using the lifting unit, with each lifting of the vibrator assembly 1 optionally new material can be introduced into the area below the Rüttleranordnung. The height of the stroke, by which the vibrator arrangement 1 can be moved up and down by the lifting unit 3, is predetermined by the maximum stroke of the lifting unit 3. This stroke is for example in the range between 60cm and 150cm, especially in the range of 100cm.

The lifting of the vibrator arrangement 1 takes place, for example, such that the lifting unit 3 is completely retracted. The lifting unit 3 can then be fully extended again in each case, in which case material is forced laterally into the soil by the vibrator arrangement in a lateral direction, which results in particularly thick stuffing columns. In a further example, it is provided that the lifting unit 3 in case of repeated moving up and down, although fully retract when moving upwards, but then no longer fully extend the vibrator assembly, and in particular to reduce the exit depth with increasing number of repetition steps. The operation of moving the vibrator assembly 1 downward by means of the lifting unit 3 is hereinafter referred to as compaction step. For example, in one method it is provided to extend the lifting unit by 80% of its extension path during a first compression step, only by 60% in a second repetition step, then by only 40%, and then only by 20%. Once a compacted column section has been produced by moving the vibrator arrangement 1 up and down a number of times, the vibrator arrangement 1 is again lifted a little by the carrying device 2 when the lifting unit 3 is retracted, the lifting height corresponding to the height of a further column section to be produced. As the vibrator assembly 1 is lifted, material is introduced into the cavity between the previously prepared column section and the vibrator assembly 1. This material is then summarized in an illustrated manner by repeated moving up and down of the vibrator assembly using the lifting unit 3, wherein optionally with each lifting of the Vibrator assembly 1 new material is introduced into the soil.

These process steps for making individual segments of the material column are repeated until a column of material having a desired height has been produced. The support device must be activated in this process only at the beginning of the production of a new segment of the material column in order to raise the vibrator assembly 1 by the height of the column segment to be produced. The subsequent repeated moving up and down of the vibrator assembly 1 for introducing material into the soil and for compacting the soil takes place exclusively by the lifting unit 3.

In the method described above, individual segments of the column are generated only by moving up and down or by raising and lowering the Rüttlervorrichtung means of the lifting unit, a movement of the support device 2 is not required here. To retract the vibrator device 1 in the discharged material, a mechanical force is required. This force depends on how much the applied material has already been solidified (by moving the vibrator device up and down), which force increases with increasing solidification. It should be noted that the vibrator device 1 penetrates not only by the force of the lifting unit but also by its own weight and by the shaking movements of the vibrator 12 in the discharged material. In one embodiment, it is intended to detect the mechanical force required to retract the vibrator assembly into the ejected material and terminate the production of a segment when that force reaches a predetermined threshold.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the lifting unit has at least one hydraulic cylinder, which is retracted for lifting the Rüttlervorrichtung 1 and extended to lower the Rüttlervorrichtung. The extension This hydraulic cylinder of the lifting unit 3 required force can be detected by means of a building up in the hydraulic cylinder pressure.

The FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate in each case devices for the production of columns of material in the soil and / or for compaction of the soil, in which the supporting devices 2 rope devices, for example, rope devices of a cable excavator. These cable device each comprise a pulley 22 which is rotatably mounted on the support member 21, and a guided by the pulley 22 circulating cable 23. By further pulleys and a winch (not shown), the vibrator 1 is movable by the support device in its longitudinal direction. The lifting unit 3 is also at the in FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrated embodiments between the support member 21 and the Rüttleranordnung 1 arranged.

The vibrator arrangement 1 is in the embodiments according to the FIGS. 3A and 3B as well as the ones explained below FIGS. 4 to 7 , each designed as a deep vibrator. However, this is only an example, so the vibrator arrangement could for example be realized as Aufsatzrüttler.

The in the FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrated embodiments differ with respect to the attachment of the lifting unit 3 to the Rüttleranordnung 1. While in the embodiment according to FIG. 3B the activating cylinder 3 is arranged in the region of a center axis of the material pipe 11 is in accordance with the embodiment FIG. 2A the activating cylinder 3 is fastened outside the center of the material tube 11, in the direction of the feed device 14. If the feeder 14 is filled with material, this will happen in the central suspension according to FIG. 3B that the material pipe 11 is tilted with respect to the vertical. A stabilization against such tilting is in a cable system as a support device 2 not possible. Such tilting is in the arrangement according to FIG. 3A prevented or at least reduced by the attachment of the lifting unit 3 to the deep vibrator 1 on a line in which a virtual fulcrum of the vibrator 1 is located takes place.

The lifting unit is secured in the illustrated embodiments by means of a mounting plate 33 to the vibrator assembly. Optional is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3A this mounting plate 33 can be moved during operation in order to explore the deep vibrator 1, regardless of the level of the feed device 14 in each case in the vertical. To control the position of the mounting plate 33, which is movable in this case by means of a mechanism, not shown in the horizontal direction, a controller with a tilt sensor can be used. The inclination sensor determines the inclination of the vibrator assembly 1 relative to the vertical, wherein the controller adjusts the position of the mounting plate depending on the determined inclination. In this context, it should be noted that a tilt-dependent sliding mounting plate 33 can be provided regardless of the presence of the lifting unit.

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of an apparatus for producing columns of material in the ground. In this device, the support device 2 is a support arm of a Erdbaugeräts, at the top of the support member 21 is attached.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of an apparatus for producing columns of material in the ground. The support device 2 in this device comprises a tower or broker 25, on which a first carriage 24 in the longitudinal direction of the tower 25 is movable. The tower 25 can stand upright to make vertical columns in the ground. However, the tower 25 could also be inclined to the surface to make inclined columns in the floor in this case. The support member 21 is disposed on the first carriage 24, the lifting unit 3 is located between the support member 21 and the Rüttleranordnung 1 and is attached at one end to the support member 21 and the other end of the Rüttleranordnung 1. The material tube of the vibrator arrangement 1 runs approximately parallel to the tower 25, so that by moving the carriage 24 on the tower 25, the vibrator arrangement 1 can be moved in its longitudinal direction. To move the carriage 24, for example, a cable device, a gear device, or the like, is present.

At the in FIG. 5 1, the deep-drawing apparatus 1 is moved over long distances, for example during the first introduction of the vibrator arrangement 1 into the ground, by means of the first carriage 24, while lifting movements of the vibrator arrangement 1 for compacting the introduced material are carried out with the aid of the lifting unit.

As mentioned above, the vibrator assembly 1 can only penetrate into the ground due to its own weight and the shaking movements of the vibrator. In one embodiment, it is therefore intended to release the carriage 24 when retracting the vibrator assembly 1 into the ground, so that the carriage follows the penetration movement of the vibrator arrangement 1 into the ground, but without exerting an additional force on the vibrator arrangement 1 via the carriage 24. After the vibrator assembly 1 has reached its maximum depth, the material column is produced in segments. For the production of each segment, the carriage 24 is detected and the Rüttlervorrichtung 1 is raised and lowered several times by the lifting unit 3, wherein between the raising and lowering material can be applied. A lifting of the Rüttlervorrichtung 1 after making a segment can be done by means of the traversing device having, for example, the above-mentioned cable device, gear device or the like.

FIG. 6A illustrates another example of an apparatus for producing columns of material in the ground. This device is based on the previously with reference to FIG. 5 explained device. In the device according to FIG. 6 The support device 2 additionally has a second carriage 26, which can be moved along the leader 25. The second carriage 26 is attached to the upper end of the vibrator assembly 1. The lifting unit 2 is arranged between the first and the second carriage 24, 26 or is arranged between the first carriage 24 and the upper end of the vibrator arrangement 1.

Each of the two carriages 24, 26 can be blocked against processes on the tower 25. An example of a blocking device for blocking a carriage is shown in FIG FIG. 6B illustrated in which the first carriage 24 is shown together with the mast 25 in vertical cross section in a sectional plane CC. The carriage 24 comprises in the illustrated example rollers 27, by means of which the carriage 24 along a running surface of the tower 25 is movable. The running surface of the tower 25 is formed in the illustrated example by a side wall of the tower 25, which projects transversely to a longitudinal direction of the tower on both sides. Rollers 27 of the carriage 24 are arranged along a front side and a rear side of the tread. The carriage comprises, for example, at least eight rollers, namely four at the front and four at the rear of the tread, wherein in each case two rollers may be arranged opposite to the tread.

The carriage 24 has a substantially U-shaped geometry in cross section, wherein the rollers 27 are arranged in the region of the ends of the U-legs. Between the U-shaped body of the carriage 24 and the running surface of the tower 25, a brake or blocking device is present, which has a brake pad 29 and a brake cylinder 28. Of the Brake cylinder 28 is adapted to press the brake pad 29 in the activated state of the blocking device against the running surface of the tower 25, thereby pulling the carriage 24 away from the tread, whereby the blocking device 28, 29 together the wheels 27, along the back the tread are arranged to block the carriage.

The structure of the second carriage 26 may correspond to the structure of the first carriage 24.

By means of the two carriages 24, 26, the vibrator arrangement 1 can be moved as desired along the tower 25, without this - as in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 5 - A rope device or other pulling device would be required. To move the Rüttleranordnung 1 along the tower 25, the two carriages 24, 26 are sufficient in conjunction with the lifting unit 3, as will be explained below.

For explanation, it is assumed that the vibrator arrangement 1 is to be moved downwards along the tower 25, as is required, for example, during the first retraction of the vibrator arrangement 1 into the ground. For this movement, the two slides 24, 26 alternately blocked on the mast 25, wherein when one of the carriage is blocked and the other is released, the lifting unit 3 is actuated. For purposes of explanation, assume that the lift unit 3 is initially retracted and that both carriages 24, 26 are blocked from the mast 25. If now the lower of the two carriages, ie the second carriage 26, is released while the first carriage 24 remains blocked, then the vibrator arrangement 1 can be moved downward by extending the lifting unit 3. If subsequently the second carriage 26 is blocked and the first carriage 24 is released, the first carriage 24 can be "made up" by retracting the lifting unit 3. By subsequently releasing the second carriage 26 and extending the lifting unit 3, the vibrator arrangement 1 can then continue to be moved down. This process can be repeated until a desired position of the vibrator assembly 1 in the bottom or along the tower 25 is reached.

The start-up of the deep vibrator 1 is carried out in a similar manner as the shutdown, the carriages 24, 26 are solved and blocked in reverse order. To start up the first first slide 24 is first released at first blocked carriage 24, 26 and retracted lifting unit 3 and then driven using the lifting unit 3 upwards. After blocking the first carriage 24 and releasing the second carriage 26, the second carriage 26 together with the Rüttleranordnung 1 by retracting the lifting unit 3 are "made up". This process can be repeated until a desired position of the Rüttleranordnung 1 is reached.

To carry out the method steps described above for compacting the material introduced into the soil via the vibrator arrangement 1, lifting movements, ie, in the previously described devices, are achieved. H. Up and down movements, the vibrator 1 carried out by means of the lifting unit 3. During this up and down movements of the first carriage 24 is blocked relative to the mast 25, while the lower carriage 26 is released. The lower carriage 26 is required in this device in conjunction with the first carriage 24 and the lifting unit 3 only when movements of the vibrator assembly 1 along the tower 25 are required to go beyond the maximum stroke of the lifting unit 3.

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a device for the production of columns of material in the ground, which has a vibrator arrangement 1. The vibrator arrangement 1 is in FIG. 7 partially shown in cross-section. A supporting device 2 for holding the vibrator assembly 1 having a support member 21 is shown in FIG FIG. 7 shown only schematically.

In the device according to FIG. 7 are two lifting units 3A, 3B, which are formed in the illustrated example in each case as a lifting cylinder, each with a cylinder tube 31A, 31B and a cylinder housing 32A, 32B. To ensure the basic operation of a lifting unit, especially a lifting cylinder would be sufficient, but it could also be more than two lifting units, especially lifting cylinders are provided. The lifting units 3A, 3B are in the device according to FIG. 7 arranged in the vibrator 1, which in this case has two material tubes: a first material tube 11 ₁ in the lower region of the vibrator 1, and a second material tube 11 ₂ in the upper part of the vibrator. In the FIG. 7 illustrated vibrator arrangement is realized as a deep vibrator. The vibrator 12 is in this case arranged below the first material tube 11 ₁ . With regard to the arrangement of the vibrator 12 on the first material pipe 11 ₁ , the statements apply in connection with FIG. 1 with respect to the arrangement of the vibrator on the material pipe 11 shown there accordingly.

Deviating from the illustration according to FIG. 7 the vibrator arrangement could also be realized as a topping vibrator. In this case, the vibrator is arranged on the upper material pipe 11 ₂ .

Regardless of the type of vibrator arrangement 1, the feed arrangement with the material container 14 and the material opening is arranged on the upper material pipe 11 ₂ . In this context, it should be noted that instead of in FIG. 7 Filling assembly 14, 15 shown any other filling arrangements could be provided. In one example, alternatively or in addition to the flap 15, a closure 17 (shown in phantom) that can be opened and closed could be provided in the lower material tube 11 ₂ . An optionally required overpressure would have to then not in the entire tube assembly with the first and second material tube, but only in the region of the first material tube below the closure 17 are generated.

The first material pipe 11 ₁ and the second material pipe 11 ₂ are realized so that they are mutually displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the vibrator 1. The lifting units 3A, 3B are arranged between the first and second material pipes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ and are designed to displace the first material pipe 11 ₁ in the longitudinal direction of the vibrator arrangement relative to the second material pipe 11 ₂ . The second material pipe 11 ₂ is fixedly attached to the support member 21 of the support device 2. By moving the first feed pipe 11 ₁ by means of the lifting units 3A, 3B compared with the second material feed pipe 11 ₁ are stroke movements of the vibrator tip, it is possible that a lower end of Rüttleranordnung 11 as they are needed for compressing a introduced into the soil material. Between the material pipes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ can be provided in the region in which the tubes are mutually displaceable, a seal 19 which seals the interior formed by the two tubes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ to the outside.

In contrast to the previously explained examples, not the entire vibrator arrangement 1, but only the lower first material pipe 11 ₁ , on which the vibrator 12 is arranged in a deep vibrator, performs the lifting movements. The second vibrator tube 11 ₂ , on which the vibrator 12 is arranged in a topping vibrator, remains stationary during this stroke movements caused by the lifting units 3A, 3B.

Together with the second material pipe 11 ₂ , the feed arrangement 14, 15 also remains stationary if strokes of the first material pipe 11 ₁ are carried out using the lifting units 3A, 3B for the purpose of compacting introduced material. Thus, even during these strokes a refilling of material G in the through the two material pipes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ formed tube assembly in a simple manner possible.

In the example shown, the lifting units 3A, 3B are each arranged outside the material pipes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , the material pipes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ being realized in the example in such a way that they taper in the area of the lifting units 3A, 3B. As a result, the lifting units 3A, 3B do not project beyond the vibrator arrangement 1 in the lateral direction. This is only optional. The dimensions of the vibrator arrangement 1 are predetermined in the lateral direction essentially by the diameter of the first material tube 11 ₁ in the lower region of the vibrator arrangement 1 and the diameter of the second material tube 112 in the upper region of the vibrator arrangement 1. The lifting units 3A, 3B can be protected to the side by a cover 18 ₂ , which is attached to the second material tube 11 ₂ and protects the lifting units 3A, 3B against pollution in the ground.

However, the dimensions of the first and second material tubes 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ in their longitudinal directions can also be coordinated so that during operation of the vibrator 1 not the upper second material tube 11 ₂ but only the lower first material tube 11 ₁ penetrates into the ground , In this case, can be dispensed with special protective measures in favor of lifting units 3A, 3B, and these can then protrude laterally beyond the Rüttleranordnung 1.

Finally, it should be noted that instead of the lifting cylinder shown in the figures, any other lifting devices can be provided as lifting units, which is able - compared to the total length of the Rüttleranordnung 1 - small stroke of Rüttleranordnung 1 or at least the top of the Rüttleranordnung as required, for example, when compacting introduced material.

Finally, it should be pointed out that elements which have been explained in connection with an exemplary embodiment can also be combined with elements of other exemplary embodiments, even if no explicit mention was made in the preceding text.

Claims (24)

1. Method for producing a material column in the ground, which comprises:

   a) providing a device having

   i) a vibrating arrangement (1) which has a vibrator (12), at least a first material pipe (11; 11₁), which has a longitudinal direction, and a material outlet (13) at a lower end of the first material pipe (11; 11₁),

   ii) a carrying device (2) for the vibrating arrangement (1), which is designed to move the vibrating arrangement (1) in the longitudinal direction of the first material pipe,

   iii) at least one reciprocating unit (3) which is arranged between the carrying device (2) and the first material pipe (11; 11₁) and which is designed to move at least the first material pipe (11; 11₁) in the longitudinal direction thereof;

   b) introducing the vibrating arrangement (1) to a predetermined depth in the ground,

   c) withdrawing the vibrating arrangement (1), so that a cavity remains below the vibrating arrangement (1),

   d) introducing material into the cavity to produce a material reservoir,

   e) inserting the vibrating arrangement (1) into the material reservoir using the at least one reciprocating unit (3),

   f) at least partially extracting the vibrating arrangement from the material reservoir using the at least one reciprocating unit (3).
2. Method according to Claim 1, in which the method steps e) and f) are implemented a number of times in succession.
3. Method according to Claim 2, in which material is discharged via the material outlet between the implementation of a method step e) and the implementation of a method step f).
4. Method according to Claim 2 or 3, in which the insertion depth of the vibrating arrangement in step e) decreases as the number of repetitions increases.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the carrying device (2) has at least one cable pulley and at least one cable guided by the at least one cable pulley.
6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the carrying device (2) comprises a boom of an earthworks machine.
7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the carrying device comprises a mast (25) and at least a first carriage (24) which can be moved on the mast.
8. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the first carriage (24) has a blocking device (26, 27) which is designed to block the at least one first carriage (24) against movement on the mast.
9. Method according to Claim 8, in which the carriage is blocked by the blocking device (26, 27) during the method steps e) and f).
10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the carrying device (2) comprises a carrying element (21), wherein the reciprocating unit (3) is fastened by one end to the carrying element and by another end to the vibrating arrangement (1).
11. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, in which the vibrating arrangement further comprises:

    a second material pipe (11₂) which is mounted displaceably with respect to the first material pipe,

    wherein the at least one reciprocating unit (3A, 3B) is arranged between the first and the second material pipe (11₁, 11₂).
12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the vibrating arrangement is designed as a depth vibrator, in which the vibrator (12) is arranged at a lower end of the vibrating arrangement.
13. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 11, in which the vibrating arrangement is designed as a top vibrator, in which the vibrator (12) is arranged at an upper end of the vibrating arrangement (1).
14. Method according to Claim 7 or 8, in which the carrying device further comprises:

    a second carriage (26) which is moveable on the mast (25), which can be blocked with respect to the mast (25), and which is fastened to the vibrating arrangement (1),

    wherein the reciprocating unit (3) is arranged between the first and the second carriage (25, 26).
15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the reciprocating unit (3) comprises:

    a reciprocating cylinder or a motor-driven cable drive, belt drive or spindle drive.
16. Device which comprises:

    a vibrating arrangement (1) having a vibrator (12) and a first material pipe (11) which has a longitudinal direction, a material outlet (13) at a lower end of the first material pipe (11) and a material inlet (15);

    a carrying device (2) for the vibrating arrangement (1), which is designed to move the vibrating arrangement (1) in the longitudinal direction of the first material pipe;

    at least one reciprocating unit (3) which is arranged between the carrying device (2) and the vibrating arrangement (1) and which is designed to move the vibrating arrangement in the longitudinal direction of the first material pipe (11).
17. Device according to Claim 16, in which the carrying device (2) comprises at least one cable pulley and at least one cable guided by the at least one cable pulley.
18. Device according to Claim 16, in which the carrying device (2) comprises a boom of an earthworks machine.
19. Device according to Claim 16, in which the carrying device comprises a mast (25) and at least a first carriage (24) which can be moved on the mast.
20. Device according to Claim 19, in which the first carriage has a blocking device (26, 27) which is designed to block the at least one first carriage (24) against movement on the mast.
21. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
    in which the vibrating arrangement is designed as a depth vibrator, in which the vibrator (12) is arranged at a lower end of the vibrating arrangement.
22. Device according to one of Claims 16 to 20, in which the vibrating arrangement is designed as a top vibrator, in which the vibrator (12) is arranged at an upper end of the vibrating arrangement (1).
23. Device according to Claim 19 or 20, in which the carrying device further comprises:

    a second carriage which is moveable on the mast (25), which can be blocked with respect to the mast (25), and which is fastened to the vibrating arrangement (1),

    wherein the reciprocating unit (3) is arranged between the first and the second carriage.
24. Device according to one of Claims 16 to 23, in which the reciprocating unit (3) comprises:

    a reciprocating cylinder or a motor-driven cable drive, belt drive or spindle drive.

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