EP2534287B1 - Oxidation furnace - Google Patents

Oxidation furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2534287B1
EP2534287B1 EP11701767.3A EP11701767A EP2534287B1 EP 2534287 B1 EP2534287 B1 EP 2534287B1 EP 11701767 A EP11701767 A EP 11701767A EP 2534287 B1 EP2534287 B1 EP 2534287B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process chamber
oxidation furnace
blowing
boxes
hot air
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EP11701767.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2534287A1 (en
Inventor
Karl Berner
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Eisenmann SE
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Eisenmann SE
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D02J13/001—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass in a tube or vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers

Definitions

  • the Einblashimsten forming the injection device have continuous upper and lower sides and have outlet openings for the hot air only at the opposite narrow end faces. This means that the interspaces between superposed blow boxes are not or at least not flowed through in a defined manner by hot air and the fibers are not treated oxidatively in the passage of these spaces. Since, for reasons of air distribution, the blow boxes must have not insignificant dimensions, the routes in which lack of air flow, an oxidative treatment of the fibers does not take place, quite significant.
  • Another oxidation furnace is from the EP 0 426 858 A1 known. There, the fibers are perpendicular to the fiber direction blown.
  • oxidation furnaces are the US 4 559 010 , of the US 5,263,265 , of the EP 0 848 090 A2 or the JP 2009- 242 962 refer to.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an oxidation furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that a required distance of the oxidative treatment of the fibers housed in a smaller volume of the furnace, in particular the furnace can be built lower.
  • the dimensions of the mounting boxes in the direction of movement of the fiber are smaller held, such that the volume of two successive Einblashimsten corresponds to the total volume of a single injection box in the conventional construction. Due to the distance between the two blow boxes, it is possible that forms in the spaces between superimposed blow-in flows of hot air, which have not found so in the prior art. The spaces between superimposed blow boxes can actively participate in the oxidative treatment of the fibers in this way.
  • the second design alternative is where the volume of the individual blow boxes may be substantially the same as conventional designs.
  • additional air outlet openings again gives the opportunity to flow through the spaces between superimposed blow-in hot air, so that the sections lying there fibers can participate in the oxidative process.
  • the furnace can be kept lower.
  • a number of advantages are associated with this: since fewer serpentine passages of the fibers through the process space are required, deflection rollers for the threads and lock devices, which prevent air from escaping in the region of the entry and exit of the threads into the process space, can be saved ,
  • there is a weight saving for the entire furnace which is good for the Cost of a steel construction on which the furnace is built, has a favorable effect.
  • the quality of the product obtained increases due to the better air circulation of the threads in the process area.
  • the horizontal distance between juxtaposed stacks of blow boxes is equal to twice the vertical distance between the blow boxes in the stack and at most equal to the dimension of a blow box in the longitudinal direction of the furnace. In this way, defined flow conditions result in the area between the stacks and in the areas between superposed Einblashimsten.
  • the blow boxes have a plurality of additional hot air outlets along a center line on the top and bottom. This measure also serves the controlled guidance of the hot air.
  • the oxidation furnace according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of carbon fibers.
  • the oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn is composed of two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two vertical end walls 2c, 2d, a top wall 2e and a bottom wall 2f.
  • the housing 2 is gas-tight with the exception of two areas 3, 4 in the end walls 2c and 2d, in which the fibers to be treated 20 are executed and executed and which are provided with special lock devices, gas-tight.
  • the interior of the housing 2 is divided by a vertical partition 5 in the actual process chamber 6 and laterally of this lying air ducts 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.
  • the interior of the oxidation furnace 1 is substantially mirror-symmetrical to that in FIG FIG. 2 indicated vertical center plane SS formed.
  • two counter-rotating air circuits are maintained: Starting, for example, from the suction devices 14, 15, the air in the sense of in FIG. 2 recognizable arrows through the air ducts 7 and 12 to a filter 16 or 17 and then passed through a heating unit 32a and 32b in the air guide 8 and 11 respectively. From the air duct 8 and 11, the heated air is sucked by a fan 31 a and 31 b and in the Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air passes in each case into one half of the injection device 13 described in more detail below, from there flowing in opposite directions into the process chamber 6 and from there to the suction device 14 or 15, whereby the two air circuits are closed.
  • outlets 30a, 30b are provided in the wall of the housing 2. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which either arise during the oxidation process or enter the process space 6 as fresh air via the inlet and outlet areas 3, 4 in order to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1.
  • the discharged gases which may also contain toxic components are fed to a thermal afterburning. The heat thereby obtained can be used at least for pre-damping the fresh air supplied to the oxidation furnace 1.
  • the injector 13 is constructed in detail as follows:
  • blow boxes 18 It comprises two “stacks" of blow boxes 18.
  • Each of these blow boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow cuboid, wherein the longer dimension extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the process space 6 over its entire width.
  • the respective narrow sides of the injection boxes 18 facing the process space 6 are designed as perforated plates 18a.
  • one end face of each injection box 18 is connected to the air duct 9 or air duct 10 in such a way that the air conveyed by the fan 31a or 31b is blown into the interior of the respective injection box 18 and can exit from there via the perforated metal sheets 18a.
  • blow boxes 18 in each of the two stacks are arranged one above the other at a slight distance; the two stacks of blow boxes 18 are again, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the furnace or movement direction of the threads 20, also spaced from each other. Ideally (and deviating from the ones in FIG. 1 shown ratios) is the vertical distance between two blow boxes 18 in a stack the same as the distance between the two stacks 18 in the longitudinal direction of the process space. 6
  • the two suction devices 14, 15 are essentially formed by a respective stack of suction boxes 19, which extend in a transverse manner through the entire process space 6 in a manner similar to the blow boxes 18 and are formed as perforated plates 19a on their narrow sides running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the process space 6 are.
  • the holes of the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape.
  • the suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the blow boxes 18 in the injection device 13.
  • the fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and pass through a lock device 22, which in the present context is not of interest and serves to prevent gas from escaping out of the process chamber 6 to the outside.
  • the fibers 20 are then through the spaces between superimposed suction boxes 19, through the process space 6, through the spaces between superposed Einblashimsten 18 in the Einblas observed 13, through the gap between superimposing Absauglasten 19 at the opposite end of the process chamber 6 and through a further lock device 23 led.
  • the described passage of the fibers 20 through the process space 6 is repeated several times in a serpentine manner, for which purpose a plurality of deflecting rollers 24 and 25 lying parallel one above the other with their axes are provided in both end regions of the oxidation furnace 1. After the uppermost passage through the process chamber 6, the fiber 20 leaves the oxidation furnace 1 and is thereby guided over a further deflection roller 26.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the air flows in the region of the injection device 13 run. Due to the perforated plates 18a provided on both narrow longitudinal sides of the inlet boxes 18, the air injected into the interior of each injection box 18 from the corresponding fan 31a or 31b can exit at both opposite sides of the injection box 18. In the area of the gap between two stacks of blow-in boxes 18, the air flows hit each other in opposite directions as shown in FIG. This has the consequence that the air bends there and flows through the gap between superposed Einblashimsten 18 in each of the two stacks in the direction of the opposite end portions of the process chamber 6 and thus to the corresponding suction device 14, 15. This part of the air discharged from the blower 18 flows around the fibers 20 also in the sections, which lie between the blow boxes 18.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an injection box 118, which can be used in an alternative embodiment of an oxidation furnace and in each case a pair of blow boxes 18 of FIGS. 1 to 3 can substitute in this embodiment at the same height side by side in two different "stacks".
  • a unitary Einblaskasten 118 is used, the dimension seen parallel to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 of the sum of the corresponding dimensions of two blow boxes 18 FIG. 1 equivalent.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 be the air ducts 9 and 10 of the FIG. 2 unites and feeds the blow boxes 118 together.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Oxidationsofen zur oxidativen Behandlung von Fasern mit

  1. a) einem Gehäuse, das abgesehen von Einlass- und Auslassbereichen für die Fasern gasdicht ist;
  2. b) einem im Innenraum des Gehäuses befindlichen Prozessraum;
  3. c) einer im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraums angeordneten Einblaseinrichtung, mit welcher Heißluft in entgegengesetzten Richtungen in den Prozessraum einblasbar ist und die eine Mehrzahl von in vertikalem Abstand übereinander angeordneten Einblaskästen umfasst, die eine Einlassöffnung und
    auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten jeweils Austrittsöffnungen für die heiße Luft aufweisen;
  4. d) in beiden gegenüberliegenden Endbereichen des Prozeßraums jeweils eine Absaugeinrichtung, welche heiße Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt;
  5. e) mindestens einem Ventilator, der die heiße Luft durch die Einblaseinrichtung, den Prozessraum und die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen umwälzt;
  6. f) mindestens einer im Strömungsweg der heißen umgewälzten Luft liegenden Heizeinrichtung;
  7. g) Führungsrollen, welche die Fasern serpentinenartig durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen führen.
The invention relates to an oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers with
  1. a) a housing, which is gas-tight except for inlet and outlet areas for the fibers;
  2. b) a process space located in the interior of the housing;
  3. c) a blowing device arranged in the middle region of the process space, with which hot air can be blown into the process space in opposite directions and which comprises a plurality of vertically spaced-apart injection boxes which have an inlet opening and
    on opposite sides each have outlet openings for the hot air;
  4. d) in both opposite end regions of the process chamber each have a suction device, which sucks hot air from the process chamber;
  5. e) at least one fan that circulates the hot air through the injection device, the process chamber and the two suction devices;
  6. f) at least one heating device located in the flow path of the hot circulating air;
  7. g) guide rollers which serpentine the fibers through the spaces between superimposed blower boxes lead.

Es gibt verschiedene Arten, die heiße Luft zur Behandlung von Fasern durch einen Oxidationsofen zu führen. Zunehmend an Akzeptanz gewinnen solche Oxidationsöfen, die eine Luftführung nach dem Prinzip "center-to-end" besitzen. Bei dieser wird die heiße Luft im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes nach beiden Richtungen, also in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegenden Enden des Prozessraumes, ausgeblasen und von Absaugeinrichtungen an diesen beiden Enden des Prozessraumes wieder abgesaugt. Der Prozessraum kann auch als Zone betrachtet werden, die sich in Längsrichtung des Ofens für unterschiedliche Temperaturen und Luftströmungen wiederholen kann.There are several ways to pass the hot air through an oxidation furnace to treat fibers. Increasingly gaining acceptance of such oxidation ovens, which have an air flow on the principle of "center-to-end". In this case, the hot air in the middle region of the process chamber in both directions, ie in the direction of the opposite ends of the process chamber, blown out and sucked off again by suction at these two ends of the process chamber. The process space can also be considered as a zone that can be repeated in the longitudinal direction of the furnace for different temperatures and air flows.

Bei bekannten Oxidationsöfen der eingangs genannten Art, wie sie etwa in der US 4 515 561 A beschrieben sind, besitzen die die Einblaseinrichtung bildenden Einblaskästen durchgehende Ober- und Unterseiten und weisen nur an den gegenüberliegenden schmalen Stirnseiten Austrittsöffnungen für die heiße Luft auf. Dies bedeutet, dass die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen nicht oder jedenfalls nicht in definierter Weise von heißer Luft durchströmt werden und die Fasern bei der Passage dieser Zwischenräume nicht oxidativ behandelt werden. Da aus Gründen der Luftverteilung die Einblaskästen nicht unerhebliche Dimensionen aufweisen müssen, fallen die Strecken, in denen mangels Luftströmung eine oxidative Behandlung der Fasern nicht stattfindet, durchaus ins Gewicht.In known oxidation ovens of the type mentioned, as they are approximately in the US 4 515 561 A are described, the Einblaskästen forming the injection device have continuous upper and lower sides and have outlet openings for the hot air only at the opposite narrow end faces. This means that the interspaces between superposed blow boxes are not or at least not flowed through in a defined manner by hot air and the fibers are not treated oxidatively in the passage of these spaces. Since, for reasons of air distribution, the blow boxes must have not insignificant dimensions, the routes in which lack of air flow, an oxidative treatment of the fibers does not take place, quite significant.

Ein weiterer Oxidationsofen ist aus der EP 0 426 858 A1 bekannt. Dort werden die Fasern senkrecht zur Faserrichtung angeblasen.Another oxidation furnace is from the EP 0 426 858 A1 known. There, the fibers are perpendicular to the fiber direction blown.

Andere Beispiele für Oxidationsöfen sind der US 4 559 010 , der US 5 263 265 , der EP 0 848 090 A2 oder der JP 2009- 242 962 zu entnehmen.Other examples of oxidation furnaces are the US 4 559 010 , of the US 5,263,265 , of the EP 0 848 090 A2 or the JP 2009- 242 962 refer to.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Oxidationsofen der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, dass eine geforderte Strecke der oxidativen Behandlung der Fasern in einem kleineren Volumen des Ofens untergebracht, insbesondere der Ofen niedriger gebaut werden kann.Object of the present invention is to provide an oxidation furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that a required distance of the oxidative treatment of the fibers housed in a smaller volume of the furnace, in particular the furnace can be built lower.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass

  • h) zwei Stapel von übereinander in Abstand angeordneten Einblaskästen vorgesehen sind, die in Bewegungsrichtung der Fasern gesehen in Abstand hintereinander angeordnet sind;
    oder
  • i) die Einblaskästen in einem Stapel in der Oberseite und der Unterseite eine Vielzahl von zusätzlichen Austrittsöffnungen für heiße Luft aufweisen, welche entlang einer Mittellinie der Einblaskästen angeordnet sind.
This object is achieved in that
  • h) two stacks of superposed spaced blow-in boxes are provided, which are arranged in the direction of movement of the fibers at a distance one behind the other;
    or
  • i) the blow boxes in a stack in the top and bottom have a plurality of additional hot air outlets disposed along a center line of the blow boxes.

Der Grundgedanke ist bei beiden erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktionsalternativen, die grundsätzlich auch beide in demselben Ofen verwirklicht sein können, derselbe:The basic idea is the same with both design alternatives according to the invention, which basically both can also be realized in the same furnace:

Bei der ersten Alternative werden die Dimensionen der Einbaukästen in Bewegungsrichtung der Faser gesehen kleiner gehalten, etwa so, dass das Volumen zweier hintereinander liegender Einblaskästen dem Gesamtvolumen eines einzigen Einblaskastens bei der herkömmlichen Bauweise entspricht. Durch den Abstand zwischen den beiden Einblaskästen ist es möglich, dass sich in den Zwischenräumen zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen Strömungen heißer Luft ausbilden, die sich so beim Stande der Technik nicht gefunden haben. Die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen können auf diese Weise an der oxidativen Behandlung der Fasern aktiv teilnehmen.In the first alternative, the dimensions of the mounting boxes in the direction of movement of the fiber are smaller held, such that the volume of two successive Einblaskästen corresponds to the total volume of a single injection box in the conventional construction. Due to the distance between the two blow boxes, it is possible that forms in the spaces between superimposed blow-in flows of hot air, which have not found so in the prior art. The spaces between superimposed blow boxes can actively participate in the oxidative treatment of the fibers in this way.

Ähnlich verhält es sich bei der zweiten Konstruktionsalternative, bei welcher das Volumen der einzelnen Einblaskästen im Wesentlichen dasselbe wie bei herkömmlicher Bauweise sein kann. Durch die an der Ober- und Unterseite vorgesehenen zusätzlichen Luftaustrittsöffnungen ergibt sich aber wiederum die Möglichkeit, die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen mit heißer Luft durchströmen zu lassen, so dass die dort liegenden Abschnitte der Fasern am oxidativen Prozess teilnehmen können. Insgesamt ist es auf diese Weise möglich, den Oxidationsofen kleiner zu bauen, da die von den Fasern durchlaufenen Wegstrecken besser ausgenutzt werden als beim Stand der Technik.Similarly, the second design alternative is where the volume of the individual blow boxes may be substantially the same as conventional designs. By the provided on the top and bottom additional air outlet openings, however, again gives the opportunity to flow through the spaces between superimposed blow-in hot air, so that the sections lying there fibers can participate in the oxidative process. Overall, it is possible in this way to build the oxidation furnace smaller, since the traversed by the fibers paths are better utilized than in the prior art.

Besonders wertvoll ist, dass bei gleicher Ofenlänge der Ofen niedriger gehalten werden kann. Hiermit ist eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen verbunden: Da weniger serpentinenartige Durchläufe der Fasern durch den Prozessraum benötigt werden, können Umlenkrollen für die Fäden und Schleuseneinrichtungen, welche im Bereich des Ein- und Austritts der Fäden in den Prozessraum ein Entweichen von Luft verhindern, eingespart werden. Zudem ergibt sich für den Gesamtofen eine Gewichtsersparnis, was sich für die Kosten eines Stahlbaues, auf dem der Ofen aufgebaut ist, günstig auswirkt. Zudem erhöht sich aufgrund der besseren Luftumströmung der Fäden im Prozessraum die Qualität des erzielten Produkts.It is particularly valuable that with the same furnace length, the furnace can be kept lower. A number of advantages are associated with this: since fewer serpentine passages of the fibers through the process space are required, deflection rollers for the threads and lock devices, which prevent air from escaping in the region of the entry and exit of the threads into the process space, can be saved , In addition, there is a weight saving for the entire furnace, which is good for the Cost of a steel construction on which the furnace is built, has a favorable effect. In addition, the quality of the product obtained increases due to the better air circulation of the threads in the process area.

Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn der horizontale Abstand zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Stapeln von Einblaskästen gleich dem doppelten vertikalen Abstand zwischen den Einblaskästen in dem Stapel und maximal gleich der Dimension eines Einblaskastens in Längsrichtung des Ofens ist. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich definierte Strömungsverhältnisse im Bereich zwischen den Stapeln und in den Bereichen zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen.It is expedient if the horizontal distance between juxtaposed stacks of blow boxes is equal to twice the vertical distance between the blow boxes in the stack and at most equal to the dimension of a blow box in the longitudinal direction of the furnace. In this way, defined flow conditions result in the area between the stacks and in the areas between superposed Einblaskästen.

Bei der zweiten konstruktiven Alternative weisen die Einblaskästen entlang einer Mittellinie auf der Ober- und der Unterseite eine Vielzahl von zusätzlichen Austrittsöffnungen_für heiße Luft auf. Auch diese Maßnahme dient der kontrollierten Führung der heißen Luft.In the second constructive alternative, the blow boxes have a plurality of additional hot air outlets along a center line on the top and bottom. This measure also serves the controlled guidance of the hot air.

Der erfindungsgemäße Oxidationsofen eignet sich besonders zur Herstellung von Kohlefasern.The oxidation furnace according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of carbon fibers.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert; es zeigen

Figur 1
einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Oxidationsofen zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern gemäß Linie I-I von Figur 2;
Figur 2
einen horizontalen Schnitt durch den Oxidationsofen von Figur 1;
Figur 3
eine Detailvergrößerung aus Figur 1 im Bereich einer Einblaseinrichtung;
Figur 4
einen Schnitt durch Draufsicht einen Einblaskasten, wie er bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidationsofens eingesetzt wird, gemäß der Linie IV - IV von Figur 5;
Figur 5
eine Draufsicht auf den Einblaskasten der Figur 4.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings; show it
FIG. 1
a vertical section through an oxidation furnace for the production of carbon fibers according to line II of FIG. 2 ;
FIG. 2
a horizontal section through the oxidation furnace of FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3
an enlarged detail FIG. 1 in the area a blowing device;
FIG. 4
a sectional plan view of an injection box, as it is used in an alternative embodiment of an oxidation furnace, according to the line IV - IV of FIG. 5 ;
FIG. 5
a top view of the injection box of Figure 4.

Zunächst wird auf die Figuren 1 bis 3 Bezug genommen, in denen ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidationsofens dargestellt ist, der insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnet ist und zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern eingesetzt wird. Der Oxidationsofen 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 2, das seinerseits aus zwei vertikalen Längswänden 2a, 2b, zwei vertikalen Stirnwänden 2c, 2d, einer Deckwand 2e und einer Bodenwand 2f zusammengesetzt ist. Das Gehäuse 2 ist mit Ausnahme zweier Bereiche 3, 4 in den Stirnwänden 2c und 2d, in denen die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 ein- und ausgeführt werden und die mit besonderen Schleuseneinrichtungen versehen sind, gasdicht.First, on the FIGS. 1 to 3 Reference is made in which a first embodiment of an oxidation furnace is shown, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1 and is used for the production of carbon fibers. The oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn is composed of two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two vertical end walls 2c, 2d, a top wall 2e and a bottom wall 2f. The housing 2 is gas-tight with the exception of two areas 3, 4 in the end walls 2c and 2d, in which the fibers to be treated 20 are executed and executed and which are provided with special lock devices, gas-tight.

Wie insbesondere der Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist der Innenraum des Gehäuses 2 durch eine vertikale Trennwand 5 in den eigentlichen Prozessraum 6 und seitlich von diesem liegende Luftleiträume 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 unterteilt. Insgesamt ist der Innenraum des Oxidationsofens 1 im Wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrisch zu der in Figur 2 angedeuteten vertikalen Mittelebene S-S ausgebildet.How the particular FIG. 2 can be seen, the interior of the housing 2 is divided by a vertical partition 5 in the actual process chamber 6 and laterally of this lying air ducts 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Overall, the interior of the oxidation furnace 1 is substantially mirror-symmetrical to that in FIG FIG. 2 indicated vertical center plane SS formed.

Im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes 6 befindet sich eine insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 13 versehene Einblaseinrichtung, die weiter unten ausführlicher erläutert wird. In den beiden außen liegenden Endbereichen des Prozessraumes 6, jeweils den Ein- und Austrittsbereichen 3, 4 benachbart, befinden sich Absaugeinrichtungen 14 bzw. 15.In the central region of the process chamber 6 is a generally provided with the reference numeral 13 blowing device, which will be explained in more detail below. In the two outer end regions of the process chamber 6, adjacent to the inlet and outlet regions 3, 4, there are suction devices 14 and 15, respectively.

Im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 werden zwei gegenläufige Luftkreisläufe aufrecht erhalten: Ausgehend beispielsweise von den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 wird die Luft im Sinne der in Figur 2 erkennbaren Pfeile durch die Luftleiträume 7 bzw. 12 zu einem Filter 16 bzw. 17 und sodann durch ein Heizaggregat 32a bzw. 32b in den Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 geführt. Aus dem Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 wird die erwärmte Luft von einem Ventilator 31a bzw. 31b abgesaugt und in die Luftleiträume 9 bzw. 10 eingeblasen. Von dort gelangt die Luft jeweils in eine Hälfte der weiter unten genauer beschriebenen Einblaseinrichtung 13, von dort gegensinnig strömend in den Prozessraum 6 und von dort zur Absaugeinrichtung 14 bzw. 15, womit die beiden Luftkreisläufe geschlossen sind.Inside the housing 2, two counter-rotating air circuits are maintained: Starting, for example, from the suction devices 14, 15, the air in the sense of in FIG. 2 recognizable arrows through the air ducts 7 and 12 to a filter 16 or 17 and then passed through a heating unit 32a and 32b in the air guide 8 and 11 respectively. From the air duct 8 and 11, the heated air is sucked by a fan 31 a and 31 b and in the Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air passes in each case into one half of the injection device 13 described in more detail below, from there flowing in opposite directions into the process chamber 6 and from there to the suction device 14 or 15, whereby the two air circuits are closed.

In der Wand des Gehäuses 2 sind zwei Auslässe 30a, 30b vorgesehen. Über diese können diejenigen Gas- bzw. Luftvolumina abgeführt werden, die entweder bei dem Oxidationsprozess entstehen oder als Frischluft über die Ein- und Austrittsbereiche 3, 4 in den Prozessraum 6 gelangen, um so den Lufthaushalt im Oxidationsofen 1 aufrecht zu erhalten. Die abgeführten Gase, die auch giftige Bestandteile enthalten können, werden einer thermischen Nachverbrennung zugeführt. Die dabei gewonnene Wärme kann zumindest zur Vorerwämung der dem Oxidationsofen 1 zugeführten Frischluft verwendet werden.In the wall of the housing 2, two outlets 30a, 30b are provided. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which either arise during the oxidation process or enter the process space 6 as fresh air via the inlet and outlet areas 3, 4 in order to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1. The discharged gases, which may also contain toxic components are fed to a thermal afterburning. The heat thereby obtained can be used at least for pre-damping the fresh air supplied to the oxidation furnace 1.

Die Einblaseinrichtung 13 ist im Detail wie folgt aufgebaut:The injector 13 is constructed in detail as follows:

Sie umfasst zwei "Stapel" von Einblaskästen 18. Jeder dieser Einblaskästen 18 hat die Form eines hohlen Quaders, wobei die längere Dimension sich quer zur Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 über dessen gesamte Breite erstreckt. Die jeweils zum Prozessraum 6 zeigenden Schmalseiten der Einblaskästen 18 sind als Lochbleche 18a ausgebildet. Jeweils eine Stirnseite jedes Einblaskastens 18 steht mit dem Luftleitraum 9 bzw. Luftleitraum 10 so in Verbindung, dass die vom Ventilator 31a bzw. 31b geförderte Luft in den Innenraum des jeweiligen Einblaskastens 18 eingeblasen wird und von dort über die Lochbleche 18a austreten kann.It comprises two "stacks" of blow boxes 18. Each of these blow boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow cuboid, wherein the longer dimension extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the process space 6 over its entire width. The respective narrow sides of the injection boxes 18 facing the process space 6 are designed as perforated plates 18a. In each case one end face of each injection box 18 is connected to the air duct 9 or air duct 10 in such a way that the air conveyed by the fan 31a or 31b is blown into the interior of the respective injection box 18 and can exit from there via the perforated metal sheets 18a.

Die verschiedenen Einblaskästen 18 in jedem der beiden Stapel sind mit einem geringfügigen Abstand übereinander angeordnet; die beiden Stapel von Einblaskästen 18 wiederum sind, in Längsrichtung des Ofens bzw. Bewegungsrichtung der Fäden 20 gesehen, ebenfalls voneinander beabstandet. Idealerweise (und abweichend von den in Figur 1 dargestellten Verhältnissen) ist der vertikale Abstand zwischen zwei Einblaskästen 18 in einem Stapel derselbe wie der Abstand zwischen den beiden Stapeln 18 in Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6.The various blow boxes 18 in each of the two stacks are arranged one above the other at a slight distance; the two stacks of blow boxes 18 are again, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the furnace or movement direction of the threads 20, also spaced from each other. Ideally (and deviating from the ones in FIG. 1 shown ratios) is the vertical distance between two blow boxes 18 in a stack the same as the distance between the two stacks 18 in the longitudinal direction of the process space. 6

Die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 werden im Wesentlichen von jeweils einem Stapel von Absaugkästen 19 gebildet, die in ähnlicher Weise wie die Einblaskästen 18 sich in Querrichtung durch den gesamten Prozessraum 6 erstrecken und an ihren quer zur Längserstreckung des Prozessraumes 6 verlaufenden Schmalseiten als Lochbleche 19a ausgebildet sind. Die Löcher der Lochbleche 19a können dabei jede geometrische Form haben. Die Absaugkästen 19 in den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 haben denselben vertikalen Abstand voneinander wie die Einblaskästen 18 in der Einblaseinrichtung 13.The two suction devices 14, 15 are essentially formed by a respective stack of suction boxes 19, which extend in a transverse manner through the entire process space 6 in a manner similar to the blow boxes 18 and are formed as perforated plates 19a on their narrow sides running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the process space 6 are. The holes of the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape. The suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the blow boxes 18 in the injection device 13.

Die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 werden dem Oxidationsofen 1 über eine Umlenkrolle 21 zugeführt und durchtreten dabei eine Schleuseneinrichtung 22, die im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht interessant ist und dazu dient, kein Gas aus dem Prozessraum 6 nach außen entweichen zu lassen. Die Fasern 20 werden sodann durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19, durch den Prozessraum 6, durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 in der Einblaseinrichtung 13, durch den Zwischenraum zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19 am gegenüberliegenden Ende des Prozessraumes 6 und durch eine weitere Schleuseneinrichtung 23 geführt.The fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and pass through a lock device 22, which in the present context is not of interest and serves to prevent gas from escaping out of the process chamber 6 to the outside. The fibers 20 are then through the spaces between superimposed suction boxes 19, through the process space 6, through the spaces between superposed Einblaskästen 18 in the Einblaseinrichtung 13, through the gap between superimposing Absaugkästen 19 at the opposite end of the process chamber 6 and through a further lock device 23 led.

Der geschilderte Durchgang der Fasern 20 durch den Prozessraum 6 wird serpentinenartig mehrfach wiederholt, wozu in beiden Endbereichen des Oxidationsofens 1 mehrere mit ihren Achsen parallel übereinanderliegende Umlenkrollen 24 bzw. 25 vorgesehen sind. Nach dem obersten Durchgang durch den Prozessraum 6 verlässt die Faser 20 den Oxidationsofen 1 und wird dabei über eine weitere Umlenkrolle 26 geführt.The described passage of the fibers 20 through the process space 6 is repeated several times in a serpentine manner, for which purpose a plurality of deflecting rollers 24 and 25 lying parallel one above the other with their axes are provided in both end regions of the oxidation furnace 1. After the uppermost passage through the process chamber 6, the fiber 20 leaves the oxidation furnace 1 and is thereby guided over a further deflection roller 26.

Während des serpentinenartigen Durchganges der Fasern 20 durch den Prozessraum werden diese von heißer, sauerstoffhaltiger Luft umspült und dabei oxidiert. Beim Austritt aus dem Oxidationsofen 1 ist zumindest ein Oxidationsschritt im Wesentlichen abgeschlossen. Weitere Oxidationsschritte können folgen.During the serpentine passage of the fibers 20 through the process space, they are lapped by hot, oxygen-containing air and thereby oxidized. Upon exiting the oxidation furnace 1, at least one oxidation step is substantially completed. Further oxidation steps can follow.

Figur 3 zeigt, wie die Luftströmungen im Bereich der Einblaseinrichtung 13 verlaufen. Aufgrund der an beiden schmalen Längsseiten der Einlasskästen 18 vorgesehenen Lochbleche 18a kann die in den Innenraum jeden Einblaskastens 18 vom entsprechenden Ventilator 31a bzw. 31b eingeblasene Luft an beiden gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Einblaskastens 18 austreten. Im Bereich des Spaltes zwischen zwei Stapeln von Einblaskästen 18 treffen die Luftströmungen dabei, wie in Figur 3 deutlich wird, gegensinnig aufeinander. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Luft dort umbiegt und durch den Zwischenraum zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 in jedem der beiden Stapel in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegenden Endbereiche des Prozessraumes 6 und damit auf die entsprechende Absaugeinrichtung 14, 15 strömt. Dieser Teil der von den Einblaskästen 18 abgegebenen Luft umströmt dabei die Fasern 20 auch in den Streckenbereichen, die zwischen den Einblaskästen 18 liegen. FIG. 3 shows how the air flows in the region of the injection device 13 run. Due to the perforated plates 18a provided on both narrow longitudinal sides of the inlet boxes 18, the air injected into the interior of each injection box 18 from the corresponding fan 31a or 31b can exit at both opposite sides of the injection box 18. In the area of the gap between two stacks of blow-in boxes 18, the air flows hit each other in opposite directions as shown in FIG. This has the consequence that the air bends there and flows through the gap between superposed Einblaskästen 18 in each of the two stacks in the direction of the opposite end portions of the process chamber 6 and thus to the corresponding suction device 14, 15. This part of the air discharged from the blower 18 flows around the fibers 20 also in the sections, which lie between the blow boxes 18.

Diese Streckenbereiche sind daher für den Oxidationsvorgang wirksam. Bei gleicher Ofenlänge kann deshalb verglichen mit Oxidationsöfen nach dem Stande der Technik, wie er eingangs geschildert wurde, Ofenhöhe eingespart werden. Auf die hiermit verbundenen Vorteile wurde oben schon hingewiesen.These sections are therefore effective for the oxidation process. With the same furnace length, furnace height can therefore be saved compared to oxidation furnaces according to the state of the art, as described above. The advantages associated with this have already been mentioned above.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen einen Einblaskasten 118, der bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidationsofens eingesetzt werden kann und jeweils ein Paar von Einblaskästen 18 der Figuren 1 bis 3 ersetzen kann, die bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in derselben Höhe nebeneinander in zwei verschiedenen "Stapeln" liegen. Statt zweier, in einem Abstand in Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 gesehen angeordneten einzelnen Einblaskästen 18 wird ein einheitlicher Einblaskasten 118 verwendet, dessen Dimension parallel zur Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 gesehen der Summe der entsprechenden Dimensionen zweier Einblaskästen 18 aus Figur 1 entspricht.The FIGS. 4 and 5 show an injection box 118, which can be used in an alternative embodiment of an oxidation furnace and in each case a pair of blow boxes 18 of FIGS. 1 to 3 can substitute in this embodiment at the same height side by side in two different "stacks". Instead of two, viewed at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 arranged individual blow boxes 18, a unitary Einblaskasten 118 is used, the dimension seen parallel to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 of the sum of the corresponding dimensions of two blow boxes 18 FIG. 1 equivalent.

Statt des Spaltes zwischen zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 besitzt der Einblaskasten 118 nach den Figuren 4 und 5 in der Ober- und Unterseite jeweils eine Vielzahl von Luftauslassöffnungen 130, so dass also aus dem (einheitlichen) Einblaskasten 118 an der Oberseite und Unterseite Luft entweichen kann, wie dies durch die Pfeile in den Figuren 4 und 5 angedeutet ist. Auf diese Weise lässt sich ein Strömungsbild erzielen, welches ähnlich demjenigen ist, das in Figur 3 dargestellt ist: Auch hier können sich entlang der Unter- bzw. Oberseiten der Einblaskästen 118 parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung der Fasern Luftströmungen ausbilden, welche die Fasern zwischen den Einblaskästen 18 umspült und dort den Oxidationsvorgang auslöst.Instead of the gap between two adjacent injection boxes 18 has the injection box 118 after the FIGS. 4 and 5 in each case a plurality of air outlet openings 130 in the top and bottom, so that air can escape from the (uniform) injection box 118 at the top and bottom, as indicated by the arrows in FIGS FIGS. 4 and 5 is indicated. In this way, a flow pattern can be achieved, which is similar to that shown in Figure 3: Again, along the lower and upper sides of the blow boxes 118 parallel to the direction of movement of the fibers form air currents, which the fibers between the blower 18 lapped and there trigger the oxidation process.

Im Falle der Figuren 4 und 5 werden die Luftleiträume 9 und 10 der Figur 2 vereinigt und speisen gemeinsam die Einblaskästen 118.In case of FIGS. 4 and 5 be the air ducts 9 and 10 of the FIG. 2 unites and feeds the blow boxes 118 together.

Claims (3)

  1. An oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibres having
    a) a housing (2) which is gastight apart from inlet and outlet regions for the fibres;
    b) a process chamber (6) located in the interior of the housing (2);
    c) a blowing device (13) which is arranged in the central region of the process chamber (6) and by means of which hot air can be blown in opposite directions into the process chamber (6) and which comprises a plurality of blowing boxes (18; 118) which are arranged at a vertical spacing above one another and have respective exit openings on opposite sides for the hot air;
    d) a respective suction device (14, 15) in both opposite end regions of the process chamber (6), which extracts hot air from the process chamber (6);
    e) at least one ventilator (31a, 31b) which circulates the hot air through the blowing device (13), the process chamber (6) and the two suction devices (14, 15);
    f) at least one heating device (32a, 32b) located in the flow path of the hot circulated air;
    g) guide rollers (24, 25) which guide the fibres in serpentine manner through the clearances between blowing boxes (18; 118) located above one another;
    characterised in that
    h) two stacks of blowing boxes (18) arranged at a spacing above one another are provided, which are arranged at a spacing behind one another as seen in the movement direction of the fibres (20);
    and/or
    i) the blowing boxes (118) in a stack have a plurality of additional exit openings (130) for hot air in the top side and the bottom side which are located along a center line of the blowing boxes (118).
  2. An oxidation furnace according to Claim 1, characterised in that the horizontal spacing between adjacently arranged stacks of blowing boxes (18) is equal to double the vertical spacing between the blowing boxes (18) in the stack and, at the most, equal to the dimensions of a blowing box (18) in the longitudinal direction of the oxidation furnace (1).
  3. An oxidation furnace according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is designed as an oxidation furnace for production of carbon fibers.
EP11701767.3A 2010-02-09 2011-01-29 Oxidation furnace Active EP2534287B1 (en)

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DE201010007480 DE102010007480B3 (en) 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 oxidation furnace
PCT/EP2011/000415 WO2011098223A1 (en) 2010-02-09 2011-01-29 Oxidation furnace

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CN102782198B (en) 2014-09-03
EP2534287A1 (en) 2012-12-19
WO2011098223A1 (en) 2011-08-18
JP2013519005A (en) 2013-05-23
CN102782198A (en) 2012-11-14
JP5856082B2 (en) 2016-02-09
ES2526296T3 (en) 2015-01-09
DE102010007480B3 (en) 2011-07-21

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