EP2534287A1 - Oxidation furnace - Google Patents

Oxidation furnace

Info

Publication number
EP2534287A1
EP2534287A1 EP11701767A EP11701767A EP2534287A1 EP 2534287 A1 EP2534287 A1 EP 2534287A1 EP 11701767 A EP11701767 A EP 11701767A EP 11701767 A EP11701767 A EP 11701767A EP 2534287 A1 EP2534287 A1 EP 2534287A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boxes
hot air
air
fibers
oxidation furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11701767A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2534287B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Berner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann SE
Original Assignee
Eisenmann SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisenmann SE filed Critical Eisenmann SE
Publication of EP2534287A1 publication Critical patent/EP2534287A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2534287B1 publication Critical patent/EP2534287B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D02J13/001—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass in a tube or vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oxidation furnace for oxidative treatment of fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, with a housing that apart from inlet and
  • Outlet regions for the fibers is gas-tight; a process space located in the interior of the housing; a blowing device arranged in the middle region of the process space, with which hot air can be blown into the process space in opposite directions and which comprises a plurality of vertically spaced-apart injection boxes, which comprise an inlet opening and
  • the process space can also be considered as a zone that can be repeated in the longitudinal direction of the furnace for different temperatures and air flows.
  • the Einblashimsten forming the injection device have continuous upper and lower sides and have only at the opposite narrow end faces outlet openings for the hot air. This means that the interspaces between superposed blow boxes are not or at least not flowed through in a defined manner by hot air and the fibers are not treated oxidatively in the passage of these spaces. Since, for reasons of air distribution, the blow-in must have not insignificant dimensions, fall
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an oxidation furnace of the type mentioned above in such a way that that a required distance of the oxidative treatment of the fibers in a smaller volume of
  • Furnace housed, in particular, the furnace can be built lower.
  • a stack in the top and the bottom at least one additional outlet opening for hot air.
  • the gaps between overlapping blow boxes can be done in this way actively participate in the oxidative treatment of the fibers.
  • the furnace can be kept lower.
  • a number of advantages are associated with this: since fewer serpentine passages of the fibers through the process space are required, deflection rollers for the threads and lock devices, which prevent air from escaping in the region of the entry and exit of the threads into the process space, can be saved ,
  • there is a weight saving for the entire furnace which has a favorable effect on the costs of a steel construction on which the furnace is constructed.
  • the quality of the product obtained increases due to the better air flow of the threads in the process area.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through an oxidation furnace for the production of carbon fibers according to line I-I of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through the oxidation furnace of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a detail enlargement of Figure 1 in the area
  • Figure 4 is a sectional plan view of an injection box, as used in an alternative embodiment of an oxidation furnace, according to the line IV - IV of Figure 5;
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the injection box of Figure 4.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 a first exemplary embodiment of an oxidation is shown furnace, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1 and is used for the production of carbon fibers.
  • the oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn is composed of two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two vertical end walls 2c, 2d, a top wall 2e and a bottom wall 2f.
  • the housing 2 is gas-tight.
  • Figure 2 indicated vertical center plane S-S formed.
  • the process chamber 6 In the central region of the process chamber 6 is a generally provided with the reference numeral 13 blowing device, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • suction devices 14 and 15 In the two outer end regions of the process chamber 6, adjacent to the inlet and outlet regions 3, 4, there are suction devices 14 and 15, respectively.
  • two opposing air circuits are maintained: Starting, for example, from the suction devices 14, 15, the air in the sense of the arrows visible in Figure 2 through the air ducts 7 and 12 to a filter 16 or 17 and then through a heating unit 18a and 18b guided in the air guide 8 and 11 respectively. From the air duct 8 and 11, the heated air is sucked by a fan 21 a and 21 b and in the Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air passes in each case into one half of the injection device 13 described in more detail below, from there in opposite directions flowing into the process space 6 and from there to the suction device 14 or 15, whereby the two air circuits are closed.
  • outlets 30a, 30b are provided in the wall of the housing 2. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which either arise during the oxidation process or enter the process space 6 as fresh air via the inlet and outlet areas 3, 4 in order to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1 ,
  • the injector 13 is constructed in detail as follows:
  • blow-in boxes 18 It comprises two “stacks" of blow-in boxes 18. Each of these blow-in boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow square, the longer dimension extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the process space 6 over its entire width. The respectively facing the process space 6
  • Narrow sides of the blow boxes 18 are formed as perforated plates 18a.
  • one end face of each injection box 18 is connected to the air guide space 9 or air guide space 10 in such a way that the from.
  • Fan 20 or 21 conveyed air is blown into the interior of the respective injection box 18 and can escape from there via the perforated plates 18 a.
  • the vertical distance between two injection boxes 18 in a stack is the same as the distance between the two stacks 18 in the longitudinal direction of the process space 6.
  • the two suction devices 14, 15 are essentially of a respective stack of suction boxes 19
  • the holes of the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape.
  • the suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the
  • the fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and pass through
  • Pulleys 24 and 25 are provided. After this
  • the fiber 20 leaves the oxidation furnace 1 and is thereby guided over a further deflection roller 26.
  • Exit from the oxidation furnace 1 is at least one
  • Oxidation step essentially completed. Further oxidation steps can follow.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the air flows in the region of the injection device 13 run. Due to the provided on both narrow longitudinal sides of the inlet boxes 18 perforated plates 18 a can in the interior of each injection box 18 from the corresponding fan
  • Figures 4 and 5 show an injection box 118, which in an alternative embodiment of a
  • Oxidation furnace can be used and each
  • Injection box 118 used whose dimension parallel to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 corresponds to the sum of the corresponding dimensions of two injection boxes 18 of Figure 1.
  • Top and bottom can escape air as

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an oxidation furnace (1) for the oxidative treatment of fibres (20), especially for producing carbon fibres, which, in known ways, comprises a process chamber (6) arranged inside a housing (2), a blowing device (13) arranged in the centre of the process chamber (6), a suction device (14, 15) respectively arranged in the two opposite end regions of the process chamber (6), at least one ventilator (21) that circulates the hot air through the blowing device (13), the process chamber (6) and the suction devices (14, 15), and at least one heating device (18) arranged in the flow path of the hot circulated air. The blowing device (13) comprises a plurality of vertically interspaced blowing boxes (18; 118) comprising an inlet, and, respectively on opposite sides, outlets for the hot air. Optionally, two stacks of vertically interspaced blowing boxes (18) are provided, said blowing boxes being interspaced one behind the other in the direction of movement of the fibres (20), and/or the built-in boxes (118) in a stack comprise at least one additional outlet (130) in the upper side and the lower side, for hot air. In this construction, the effective length of the sections in which the fibres are subjected to the oxidising process is extended, compared to conventional constructions, so that the furnace can especially be built at a lower level.

Description

Oxidationsofen  oxidation furnace
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Oxidationsofen zur oxi- dativen Behandlung von Fasern, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern, mit einem Gehäuse, das abgesehen von Einlass- und The invention relates to an oxidation furnace for oxidative treatment of fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, with a housing that apart from inlet and
Auslassbereichen für die Fasern gasdicht ist; einem im Innenraum des Gehäuses befindlichen Prozessraum; einer im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraums angeordneten Einblaseinrichtung, mit welcher Heißluft in entgegengesetzten Richtungen in den Prozessraum einblasbar ist und die eine Mehrzahl von in vertikalem Abstand übereinander angeordneten Einblaskästen umfasst, die eine Einlassöffnung und  Outlet regions for the fibers is gas-tight; a process space located in the interior of the housing; a blowing device arranged in the middle region of the process space, with which hot air can be blown into the process space in opposite directions and which comprises a plurality of vertically spaced-apart injection boxes, which comprise an inlet opening and
auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten jeweils Austritts - Öffnungen für die heiße Luft aufweisen; in beiden gegenüberliegenden Endbereichen des Prozeßraums jeweils eine Absaugeinrichtung, welche heiße Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt; mindestens einem Ventilator, der die heiße Luft durch die Einblaseinrichtung, den Prozessraum und die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen umwälzt; f) mindestens einer im Strömungsweg der heißen umgewälzten Luft liegenden Heizeinrichtung; g) Führungsrollen, welche die Fasern serpentinenartig durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen führen. Es gibt verschiedene Arten, die heiße Luft zur Behandlung von Fasern durch einen Oxidationsofen zu führen. on opposite sides each have outlet openings for the hot air; in each case a suction device which extracts hot air from the process space in both opposite end regions of the process space; at least one fan that circulates the hot air through the sparger, the process space and the two suction devices; f) at least one heating device located in the flow path of the hot circulating air; g) guide rollers which guide the fibers serpentine through the spaces between superimposed blow boxes. There are several ways to pass the hot air through an oxidation furnace to treat fibers.
Zunehmend an Akzeptanz gewinnen solche Oxidationsofen, die eine Luftführung nach dem Prinzip "center-to-end" besitzen. Bei dieser wird die heiße Luft im mittleren Increasingly gaining acceptance of such oxidation furnace, which have an air flow on the principle of "center-to-end". In this, the hot air in the middle
Bereich des Prozessraumes nach beiden Richtungen, also in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegenden Enden des Prozessraumes, ausgeblasen und von Absaugeinrichtungen Area of the process chamber in both directions, ie in the direction of the opposite ends of the process space, blown out and by suction
an diesen beiden Enden des Prozessraumes wieder abgesaugt. Der Prozessraum kann auch als Zone betrachtet werden, die sich in Längsrichtung des Ofens für unterschiedliche Temperaturen und Luftströmungen wiederholen kann . sucked off again at these two ends of the process chamber. The process space can also be considered as a zone that can be repeated in the longitudinal direction of the furnace for different temperatures and air flows.
Bei bekannten Oxidationsofen der eingangs genannten Art besitzen die die Einblaseinrichtung bildenden Einblaskästen durchgehende Ober- und Unterseiten und weisen nur an den gegenüberliegenden schmalen Stirnseiten Austrittsöffnungen für die heiße Luft auf. Dies bedeutet, dass die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen nicht oder jedenfalls nicht in definierter Weise von heißer Luft durchströmt werden und die Fasern bei der Passage dieser Zwischenräume nicht oxidativ behandelt werden. Da aus Gründen der Luftverteilung die Einblaskästen nicht unerhebliche Dimensionen aufweisen müssen, fallen die In known oxidation furnace of the type mentioned, the Einblaskästen forming the injection device have continuous upper and lower sides and have only at the opposite narrow end faces outlet openings for the hot air. This means that the interspaces between superposed blow boxes are not or at least not flowed through in a defined manner by hot air and the fibers are not treated oxidatively in the passage of these spaces. Since, for reasons of air distribution, the blow-in must have not insignificant dimensions, fall
Strecken, in denen mangels Luftströmung eine oxidative Behandlung der Fasern nicht stattfindet, durchaus ins Routes in which, due to the lack of air flow, an oxidative treatment of the fibers does not take place, certainly into
Gewicht . Weight .
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Oxi- dationsofen der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestal- ten, dass eine geforderte Strecke der oxidativen Behandlung der Fasern in einem kleineren Volumen des The object of the present invention is to provide an oxidation furnace of the type mentioned above in such a way that that a required distance of the oxidative treatment of the fibers in a smaller volume of
Ofens untergebracht, insbesondere der Ofen niedriger gebaut werden kann. Furnace housed, in particular, the furnace can be built lower.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, This object is achieved according to the invention
dass zwei Stapel von übereinander in Abstand angeordneten Einblaskästen vorgesehen sind, die in Bewegungsrichtung der Fasern gesehen in Abstand hint einander angeordnet sind; und/oder i) die übereinander angeordneten Einblaskästen in that two stacks of superimposed spaced blow-in boxes are provided, which are arranged seen in the direction of movement of the fibers at a distance behind each other; and / or i) the superposed inflatable boxes in
einem Stapel in der Oberseite und der Unterseite mindestens eine zusätzliche Austrittsöffnung für heiße Luft aufweisen.  a stack in the top and the bottom at least one additional outlet opening for hot air.
Der Grundgedanke ist bei beiden erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktionsalternativen, die grundsätzlich auch beide in demselben Ofen verwirklicht sein können, derselbe: Bei der ersten Alternative werden die Dimensionen der The basic idea is the same in both design alternatives according to the invention, which basically both can be realized in the same furnace, the same: In the first alternative, the dimensions of the
Einbaukästen in Bewegungsrichtung der Faser gesehen kleiner gehalten, etwa so, dass das Volumen zweier hintereinander liegender Einblaskästen dem Gesamtvolumen eines einzigen Einblaskastens bei der herkömmlichen Bauweise entspricht. Durch den Abstand zwischen den beiden Einblaskästen ist es möglich, dass sich in den Zwischenräumen zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen Strömungen heißer  Installation boxes seen in the direction of movement of the fiber kept smaller, such that the volume of two consecutive blow boxes corresponds to the total volume of a single injection box in the conventional construction. Due to the distance between the two blow boxes, it is possible that currents become hotter in the spaces between superimposed blower boxes
Luft ausbilden, die sich so beim Stande der Technik Forming air that is so in the art
nicht gefunden haben. Die Zwischenräume zwischen über- einanderliegenden Einblaskästen können auf diese Weise an der oxidativen Behandlung der Fasern aktiv teilnehmen . not found. The gaps between overlapping blow boxes can be done in this way actively participate in the oxidative treatment of the fibers.
Ähnlich verhält es sich bei der zweiten Konstruktionsal- ternative, bei welcher das Volumen der einzelnen Einblaskästen im Wesentlichen dasselbe wie bei herkömmlicher Similarly, the second design alternative, in which the volume of the individual blow boxes is substantially the same as conventional
Bauweise sein kann. Durch die an der Ober- und Unterseite vorgesehenen zusätzlichen Luftaustrittsöff ungen ergibt sich aber wiederum die Möglichkeit, die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen mit heißerConstruction can be. However, by the provided on the top and bottom additional Luftaustrittsöff results in turn the possibility of the interstices between superposed Einblaskästen with hotter
Luft durchströmen zu lassen, so dass die dort liegenden Abschnitte der Fasern am oxidativen Prozess teilnehmen können. Insgesamt ist es auf diese Weise möglich, den To allow air to flow through so that the sections of the fibers lying there can participate in the oxidative process. Overall, it is possible in this way, the
Oxidationsofen kleiner zu bauen, da die von den Fasern durchlaufenen Wegstrecken besser ausgenutzt werden als beim Stand der Technik. To build smaller oxidation furnace because the traversed by the fibers distances are better utilized than in the prior art.
Besonders wertvoll ist, dass bei gleicher Ofenlänge der Ofen niedriger gehalten werden kann. Hiermit ist eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen verbunden: Da weniger serpentinenartige Durchläufe der Fasern durch den Prozessraum benötigt werden, können Umlenkrollen für die Fäden und Schleuseneinrichtungen, welche im Bereich des Ein- und Austritts der Fäden in den Prozessraum ein Entweichen von Luft verhindern, eingespart werden. Zudem ergibt sich für den Gesamtofen eine Gewichtsersparnis, was sich für die Kosten eines Stahlbaues, auf dem der Ofen aufgebaut ist, günstig auswirkt. Zudem erhöht sich aufgrund der besseren Lufturnströmung der Fäden im Prozessraum die Qualität des erzielten Produkts. It is particularly valuable that with the same furnace length, the furnace can be kept lower. A number of advantages are associated with this: since fewer serpentine passages of the fibers through the process space are required, deflection rollers for the threads and lock devices, which prevent air from escaping in the region of the entry and exit of the threads into the process space, can be saved , In addition, there is a weight saving for the entire furnace, which has a favorable effect on the costs of a steel construction on which the furnace is constructed. In addition, the quality of the product obtained increases due to the better air flow of the threads in the process area.
Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn der horizontale Abstand zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Stapeln von Einblaskästen gleich dem doppelten vertikalen Abstand zwischen den Einblaskästen in dem Stapel und maximal gleich der Dimension eines Einblaskastens in Längsrichtung des Ofens ist. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich definierte Strömungsverhältnisse im Bereich zwischen den Stapeln und in den It is useful if the horizontal distance between juxtaposed stacks of blower boxes equal to twice the vertical distance between the blow boxes in the stack and at most equal to the Dimension of a blow box in the longitudinal direction of the furnace. In this way, defined flow conditions arise in the area between the stacks and in the
Bereichen zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen. Areas between stacked inflatable boxes.
Bei der zweiten konstruktiven Alternative ist es günstig, wenn die Einblaskästen entlang einer Mittellinie auf der Ober- und der Unterseite eine Vielzahl In the second constructive alternative, it is favorable if the blow boxes along a center line on the top and bottom a variety
von zusätzlichen Austrittsöff ungen für heiße Luft additional outlet openings for hot air
aufweisen. Auch diese Maßnahme dient der kontrollierten Führung der heißen Luft . exhibit. This measure also serves the controlled guidance of the hot air.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert; es zeigen Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings; show it
Figur 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Oxidations- ofen zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern gemäß Linie I-I von Figur 2; Figur 2 einen horizontalen Schnitt durch den Oxidations- ofen von Figur 1 ; 1 shows a vertical section through an oxidation furnace for the production of carbon fibers according to line I-I of Figure 2; FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through the oxidation furnace of FIG. 1;
Figur 3 eine Detailvergrößerung aus Figur 1 im Bereich Figure 3 shows a detail enlargement of Figure 1 in the area
einer Einblaseinrichtung;  a blowing device;
Figur 4 einen Schnitt durch Draufsicht einen Einblaskasten, wie er bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidationsofens eingesetzt wird, gemäß der Linie IV - IV von Figur 5; Figure 4 is a sectional plan view of an injection box, as used in an alternative embodiment of an oxidation furnace, according to the line IV - IV of Figure 5;
Figur 5 eine Draufsicht auf den Einblaskasten der Figur 4. 5 shows a plan view of the injection box of Figure 4.
Zunächst wird auf die Figuren 1 bis 3 Bezug genommen, in denen ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidations- ofens dargestellt ist, der insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnet ist und zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern eingesetzt wird. Der Oxidationsofen 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 2, das seinerseits aus zwei vertikalen Längs- wänden 2a, 2b, zwei vertikalen Stirnwänden 2c, 2d, einer Deckwand 2e und einer Bodenwand 2f zusammengesetzt ist. Reference is first made to FIGS. 1 to 3, in which a first exemplary embodiment of an oxidation is shown furnace, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1 and is used for the production of carbon fibers. The oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn is composed of two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two vertical end walls 2c, 2d, a top wall 2e and a bottom wall 2f.
Das Gehäuse 2 ist mit Ausnahme zweier Bereiche 3, 4 in den Stirnwänden 2c und 2d, in denen die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 ein- und ausgeführt werden und die mit beson- deren Schleuseneinrichtungen versehen sind, gasdicht. With the exception of two regions 3, 4 in the end walls 2c and 2d, in which the fibers 20 to be treated are introduced and exported and which are provided with special lock devices, the housing 2 is gas-tight.
Wie insbesondere der Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist der As can be seen in particular from Figure 2, is the
Innenraum des Gehäuses 2 durch eine vertikale Trennwand 5 in den eigentlichen Prozessraum 6 und seitlich von diesem liegende Luftleiträume 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 unterteilt. Insgesamt ist der Innenraum des Oxidations- ofens 1 im Wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrisch zu der in Interior of the housing 2 by a vertical partition 5 in the actual process chamber 6 and laterally of this lying air ducts 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 divided. Overall, the interior of the oxidation furnace 1 is substantially mirror-symmetrical to that in FIG
Figur 2 angedeuteten vertikalen Mittelebene S-S ausgebildet. Im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes 6 befindet sich eine insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 13 versehene Einblaseinrichtung, die weiter unten ausführlicher erläutert wird. In den beiden außen liegenden Endbereichen des Prozessraumes 6, jeweils den Ein- und Austritts- bereichen 3, 4 benachbart, befinden sich Absaugeinrichtungen 14 bzw. 15. Figure 2 indicated vertical center plane S-S formed. In the central region of the process chamber 6 is a generally provided with the reference numeral 13 blowing device, which will be explained in more detail below. In the two outer end regions of the process chamber 6, adjacent to the inlet and outlet regions 3, 4, there are suction devices 14 and 15, respectively.
Im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 werden zwei gegenläufige Luft- kreisläufe aufrecht erhalten: Ausgehend beispielsweise von den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 wird die Luft im Sinne der in Figur 2 erkennbaren Pfeile durch die Luftleiträume 7 bzw. 12 zu einem Filter 16 bzw. 17 und sodann durch ein Heizaggregat 18a bzw. 18b in den Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 geführt. Aus dem Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 wird die erwärmte Luft von einem Ventilator 21a bzw. 21b abgesaugt und in die Luftleiträume 9 bzw. 10 eingeblasen. Von dort gelangt die Luft jeweils in eine Hälfte der weiter unten genauer beschriebenen Einblaseinrichtung 13, von dort gegensinnig strömend in den Prozessraum 6 und von dort zur Absaugein- richtung 14 bzw. 15, womit die beiden Luftkreisläufe geschlossen sind. In the interior of the housing 2, two opposing air circuits are maintained: Starting, for example, from the suction devices 14, 15, the air in the sense of the arrows visible in Figure 2 through the air ducts 7 and 12 to a filter 16 or 17 and then through a heating unit 18a and 18b guided in the air guide 8 and 11 respectively. From the air duct 8 and 11, the heated air is sucked by a fan 21 a and 21 b and in the Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air passes in each case into one half of the injection device 13 described in more detail below, from there in opposite directions flowing into the process space 6 and from there to the suction device 14 or 15, whereby the two air circuits are closed.
In der Wand des Gehäuses 2 sind zwei Auslässe 30a, 30b vorgesehen. Über diese können diejenigen Gas- bzw. Luftvo- lumina abgeführt werden, die entweder bei dem Oxidations- prozess entstehen oder als Frischluft über die Ein- und Austrittsbereiche 3, 4 in den Prozessraum 6 gelangen, um so den Lufthaushalt im Oxidationsofen 1 aufrecht zu erhalten. Die abgeführten Gase, die auch giftige In the wall of the housing 2, two outlets 30a, 30b are provided. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which either arise during the oxidation process or enter the process space 6 as fresh air via the inlet and outlet areas 3, 4 in order to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1 , The discharged gases, which are also poisonous
Bestandteile enthalten können, werden einer thermischen Nachverbrennung zugeführt . Die dabei gewonnene Wärme kann zumindest zur Vorerwämung der dem Oxidationsofen 1 zugeführten Frischluft verwendet werden. Die Einblaseinrichtung 13 ist im Detail wie folgt aufgebaut : Contain components are fed to a thermal afterburning. The heat thus obtained can be used at least for pre-damping the fresh air supplied to the oxidation furnace 1. The injector 13 is constructed in detail as follows:
Sie umfasst zwei "Stapel" von Einblaskästen 18. Jeder dieser Einblaskästen 18 hat die Form eines hohlen Qua- ders, wobei die längere Dimension sich quer zur Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 über dessen gesamte Breite erstreckt. Die jeweils zum Prozessraum 6 zeigenden It comprises two "stacks" of blow-in boxes 18. Each of these blow-in boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow square, the longer dimension extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the process space 6 over its entire width. The respectively facing the process space 6
Schmalseiten der Einblaskästen 18 sind als Lochbleche 18a ausgebildet. Jeweils eine Stirnseite jedes Einblas- kastens 18 steht mit dem Luftleitraum 9 bzw. Luftleitraum 10 so in Verbindung, dass die vom. Ventilator 20 bzw. 21 geförderte Luft in den Innenraum des jeweiligen Einblaskastens 18 eingeblasen wird und von dort über die Lochbleche 18a austreten kann. Die verschiedenen Einblaskästen 18 in jedem der beiden Narrow sides of the blow boxes 18 are formed as perforated plates 18a. In each case one end face of each injection box 18 is connected to the air guide space 9 or air guide space 10 in such a way that the from. Fan 20 or 21 conveyed air is blown into the interior of the respective injection box 18 and can escape from there via the perforated plates 18 a. The various blow boxes 18 in each of the two
Stapel sind mit einem geringfügigen Abstand übereinander angeordnet; die beiden Stapel von Einblaskästen Stacks are stacked at a slight distance; the two stacks of blow boxes
18 wiederum sind, in Längsrichtung des Ofens bzw. Bewegungs- richtung der Fäden 20 gesehen, ebenfalls voneinander 18 in turn, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the furnace or movement direction of the threads 20, also from each other
beabstandet. Idealerweise (und abweichend von den in Figur 1 dargestellten Verhältnissen) ist der vertikale Abstand zwischen zwei Einblaskästen 18 in einem Stapel derselbe wie der Abstand zwischen den beiden Stapeln 18 in Längsrich- tung des Prozessraumes 6. spaced. Ideally (and deviating from the ratios shown in FIG. 1), the vertical distance between two injection boxes 18 in a stack is the same as the distance between the two stacks 18 in the longitudinal direction of the process space 6.
Die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 werden im Wesentlichen von jeweils einem Stapel von Absaugkästen 19 The two suction devices 14, 15 are essentially of a respective stack of suction boxes 19
gebildet, die in ähnlicher Weise wie die Einblaskä- sten 18 sich in Querrichtung durch den gesamten Prozessraum 6 erstrecken und an ihren quer zur Längserstreckung des Prozessraumes 6 verlaufenden Schmalseiten als Lochbleche 19a ausgebildet sind. Die Löcher der Lochbleche 19a können dabei jede geometrische Form haben. formed in a similar manner as the blower 18 extend in the transverse direction through the entire process chamber 6 and are formed at their transversely to the longitudinal extension of the process space 6 extending narrow sides as perforated plates 19a. The holes of the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape.
Die Absaugkästen 19 in den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 haben denselben vertikalen Abstand voneinander wie die The suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the
Einblaskästen 18 in der Einblaseinrichtung 13. Blower boxes 18 in the injection device 13.
Die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 werden dem Oxidationsofen 1 über eine Umlenkrolle 21 zugeführt und durchtreten The fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and pass through
dabei eine Schleuseneinrichtung 22, die im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht interessant ist und dazu dient, kein Gas aus dem Prozessraum 6 nach außen entweichen while a lock device 22, which is not interesting in the present context and serves to escape gas from the process chamber 6 to the outside
zu lassen. Die Fasern 20 werden sodann durch die Zwi- schenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen allow. The fibers 20 are then passed through the spaces between superimposed suction boxes
19, durch den Prozessraum 6, durch die Zwischenräume 19, through the process space 6, through the gaps
zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 in der between superposed Einblaskästen 18 in the
Einblaseinrichtung 13, durch den Zwischenraum zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19 am gegenüberliegenden Ende des Prozessraumes 6 und durch eine weitere Schleusen- einrichtung 23 geführt. Einblaseinrichtung 13, through the space between superimposed suction boxes 19 at the opposite end of the process chamber 6 and by another lock device 23 out.
Der geschilderte Durchgang der Fasern 20 durch den Prozessraum 6 wird serpentinenartig mehrfach wiederholt, wozu in beiden Endbereichen des Oxidationsofens 1 mehrere mit ihren Achsen parallel übereinanderliegende The described passage of the fibers 20 through the process chamber 6 is repeated several times in a serpentine manner, for which purpose a plurality of their upper axes lie parallel one above the other in both end regions of the oxidation furnace 1
Umlenkrollen 24 bzw. 25 vorgesehen sind. Nach dem Pulleys 24 and 25 are provided. After this
obersten Durchgang durch den Prozessraum 6 verlässt die Faser 20 den Oxidationsofen 1 und wird dabei über eine weitere Umlenkrolle 26 geführt. the uppermost passage through the process chamber 6, the fiber 20 leaves the oxidation furnace 1 and is thereby guided over a further deflection roller 26.
Während des serpentinenartigen Durchganges der Fasern 20 durch den Prozessraum werden diese von heißer, sauerstoffhaltiger Luft umspült und dabei oxidiert . Beim During the serpentine passage of the fibers 20 through the process space, they are lapped by hot, oxygen-containing air and thereby oxidized. At the
Austritt aus dem Oxidationsofen 1 ist zumindest ein Exit from the oxidation furnace 1 is at least one
Oxidationsschritt im Wesentlichen abgeschlossen. Weitere Oxidationsschritte können folgen.  Oxidation step essentially completed. Further oxidation steps can follow.
Figur 3 zeigt, wie die Luftströmungen im Bereich der Einblaseinrichtung 13 verlaufen. Aufgrund der an beiden schmalen Längsseiten der Einlasskästen 18 vorgesehenen Lochbleche 18a kann die in den Innenraum jeden Einblaskastens 18 vom entsprechenden Ventilator FIG. 3 shows how the air flows in the region of the injection device 13 run. Due to the provided on both narrow longitudinal sides of the inlet boxes 18 perforated plates 18 a can in the interior of each injection box 18 from the corresponding fan
20 bzw. 21 eingeblasene Luft an beiden gegenüberlie- genden Seiten des Einblaskastens 18 austreten. Im Bereich des Spaltes zwischen zwei Stapeln von Einblaskästen 18 treffen die Luftströmungen dabei, wie in Figur 3 deutlich wird, gegensinnig aufeinander. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Luft dort umbiegt und durch den Zwischenraum zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 in jedem der beiden Stapel in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegenden Endbereiche des Prozessraumes 6 und damit auf die entsprechende Absaugeinrichtung 14, 15 strömt. Dieser Teil der von den Einblaskästen 18 abgegebenen Luft umströmt dabei die Fasern 20 auch in den Streckenbe- reichen, die zwischen den Einblaskästen 18 liegen. 20 and 21 blown air on both opposite sides of the injection box 18 emerge. In the region of the gap between two stacks of blow-in boxes 18, the air flows hit each other, as shown in FIG. 3, in opposite directions. This has the consequence that the air bends there and flows through the gap between superposed Einblaskästen 18 in each of the two stacks in the direction of the opposite end portions of the process chamber 6 and thus to the corresponding suction device 14, 15. This part of the air discharged from the blow-in boxes 18 flows around the fibers 20 also in the rich, which lie between the blow boxes 18.
Diese Streckenbereiche sind daher für den Oxidations- vorgang wirksam. Bei gleicher Ofenlänge kann deshalb verglichen mit Oxidationsöfen nach dem Stande der Technik, wie er eingangs geschildert wurde, Ofenhöhe eingespart werden. Auf die hiermit verbundenen Vorteile wurde These sections are therefore effective for the oxidation process. With the same furnace length, furnace height can therefore be saved compared to oxidation furnaces according to the state of the art, as described above. On the related benefits was
oben schon hingewiesen. already mentioned above.
Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen einen Einblaskasten 118, der bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel eines Figures 4 and 5 show an injection box 118, which in an alternative embodiment of a
Oxidationsofens eingesetzt werden kann und jeweils Oxidation furnace can be used and each
ein Paar von Einblaskästen 18 der Figuren 1 bis 3 ersetzen kann, die bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in derselben can replace a pair of blow boxes 18 of Figures 1 to 3, which in this embodiment in the same
Höhe nebeneinander in zwei verschiedenen "Stapeln" Height next to each other in two different "stacks"
liegen. Statt zweier, in einem Abstand in Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 gesehen angeordneten lie. Instead of two, seen at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the process space 6 arranged
einzelnen Einblaskästen 18 wird ein einheitlicher individual injection boxes 18 is a uniform
Einblaskasten 118 verwendet, dessen Dimension parallel zur Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 gesehen der Summe der entsprechenden Dimensionen zweier Einblaskästen 18 aus Figur 1 entspricht. Injection box 118 used whose dimension parallel to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 corresponds to the sum of the corresponding dimensions of two injection boxes 18 of Figure 1.
Statt des Spaltes zwischen zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 besitzt der Einblaskasten 118 nach den Instead of the gap between two adjacent injection boxes 18 has the injection box 118 after the
Figuren 4 und 5 in der Ober- und Unterseite jeweils Figures 4 and 5 in the top and bottom, respectively
eine Vielzahl von Luftauslassöffnungen 130, so dass a plurality of air outlet openings 130, so that
also aus dem (einheitlichen) Einblaskasten 118 an der So from the (uniform) injection box 118 at the
Oberseite und Unterseite Luft entweichen kann, wie Top and bottom can escape air as
dies durch die Pfeile in den Figuren 4 und 5 angedeu- tet ist. Auf diese Weise lässt sich ein Strömungsbild erzielen, welches ähnlich demjenigen ist, das in Figur 3 dargestellt ist: Auch hier können sich entlang der Unter- bzw. Oberseiten der Einblaskästen 118 parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung der Fasern Luftströmungen ausbilden, welche die Fasern zwischen den Einblaskästen umspült und dort den Oxidat ionsvorgang auslöst. Falle der Figuren 4 und 5 werden die Luftleiträume und 10 der Figur 2 vereinigt und speisen gemeinsame Einblaskästen 118. this is indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 4 and 5. In this way, a flow pattern can be achieved, which is similar to that shown in Figure 3: Again, along the lower and upper sides of the blow boxes 118 parallel to the direction of movement of the fibers form air currents, which the fibers between the blower rinsed around there and triggers the Oxidationsvorgang. In the case of Figures 4 and 5, the air ducts and 10 of Figure 2 are combined and feed common Einblaskästen 118th

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Oxidationsofen zur oxidativen Behandlung von 1. Oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of
Fasern, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Kohlefasern, mit a) einem Gehäuse, das abgesehen von Einlass- und  Fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, having a) a housing, apart from inlet and
Auslassbereichen für die Fasern gasdicht ist; b) einem im Innenraum des Gehäuses befindlichen Prozessraum; c) einer im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraums angeordneten Einblaseinrichtung, mit welcher Heißluft in entgegengesetzten Richtungen in den Prozessraum einblasbar ist und die eine Mehrzahl von in vertikalem Abstand übereinander angeordneten Einblaskästen umfasst, die eine Einlassöffnung für die heiße Luft und auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten jeweils Aus- trittsöff ungen für die heiße Luft aufweisen; d) in beiden gegenüberliegenden Endbereichen des Prozessraumes jeweils eine Absaugeinrichtung, welche heiße Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt ,- e) mindestens einem Ventilator, der die heiße Luft durch die Einblaseinrichtung, den Prozessraum und die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen umwälzt; f) mindetens einer im Strömungsweg der heißen umgewälzten Luft liegenden Heizeinrichtung; Führungsrollen, welche die Fasern serpentinenartig durch die Zwischenräume zwischen überein Outlet regions for the fibers is gas-tight; b) a process space located in the interior of the housing; c) a blowing device arranged in the middle region of the process space, with which hot air can be blown into the process space in opposite directions and which comprises a plurality of vertically spaced blow-in boxes which respectively comprise an inlet opening for the hot air and outlet sides on opposite sides for the hot air; d) in both opposite end regions of the process chamber each have a suction device which sucks hot air from the process space, - e) at least one fan, which circulates the hot air through the injection device, the process chamber and the two suction devices; f) at least one heating device located in the flow path of the hot circulating air; Guide rollers which serpentine the fibers through the spaces between match
anderliegenden Einblaskästen führen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass h) zwei Stapel von übereinander in Abstand angeordneten Einblaskästen (18) vorgesehen sind, die in Bewegungsrichtung der Fasern (20) gesehen in Abstand hintereinander angeordnet sind; und/oder die Einbaukästen (118) in einem Stapel in der  lead other blow boxes, characterized in that h) two stacks of superimposed spaced blow boxes (18) are provided, which are seen in the direction of movement of the fibers (20) arranged at a distance one behind the other; and / or the mounting boxes (118) in a stack in the
Oberseite und der Unterseite mindestens eine zu  Top and bottom at least one too
sätzliche Austrittsöffnung (130) für heiße Luft  additional outlet opening (130) for hot air
aufweisen .  exhibit .
2. Oxidationsofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich- net , dass der horizontale Abstand zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Stapeln von Einblaskästen (18) gleich dem doppelten vertikalen Abstand zwischen den Einblaskästen (18) in dem Stapel und maximal gleich der Dimension eines Einblaskastens (18) in Längsrichtung des Oxidationsofens (1) ist. 2. Oxidation furnace according to claim 1, characterized marked, that the horizontal distance between juxtaposed stacks of blower boxes (18) equal to twice the vertical distance between the blower boxes (18) in the stack and at most equal to the dimension of a blow-in box (18) in Longitudinal direction of the oxidation furnace (1).
3. Oxidationsofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einblaskästen (118) entlang einer Mittellinie auf der Oberseite und der Unterseite eine Vielzahl von zusätzlichen Austrittsöffnungen (130) für heiße 3. An oxidation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the blower boxes (118) along a center line on the top and the bottom of a plurality of additional outlet openings (130) for hot
Luft aufweisen. Have air.
EP11701767.3A 2010-02-09 2011-01-29 Oxidation furnace Active EP2534287B1 (en)

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JP5856082B2 (en) 2016-02-09
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ES2526296T3 (en) 2015-01-09
DE102010007480B3 (en) 2011-07-21

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