EP2530423A1 - System for launching an underwater vehicle - Google Patents

System for launching an underwater vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2530423A1
EP2530423A1 EP12169312A EP12169312A EP2530423A1 EP 2530423 A1 EP2530423 A1 EP 2530423A1 EP 12169312 A EP12169312 A EP 12169312A EP 12169312 A EP12169312 A EP 12169312A EP 2530423 A1 EP2530423 A1 EP 2530423A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
outer tube
inner tube
launching system
displacement
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Granted
Application number
EP12169312A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2530423B1 (en
Inventor
Vincent Geiger
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Naval Group SA
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DCNS SA
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Publication of EP2530423A1 publication Critical patent/EP2530423A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/08—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes
    • F41F3/10—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes from below the surface of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B6/00—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers
    • F41B6/003—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers using at least one driving coil for accelerating the projectile, e.g. an annular coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/04—Rocket or torpedo launchers for rockets
    • F41F3/07—Underwater launching-apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle.
  • the invention may for example be used to launch an underwater vehicle such as a torpedo, a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or any other device of this nature, from a launching system of this type fitted to an underwater vehicle such as a submarine itself.
  • an underwater vehicle such as a torpedo, a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or any other device of this nature
  • launch systems are also commonly referred to as “torpedo tubes” although they may be used to launch missiles other than torpedoes.
  • a submarine is equipped with several torpedo tubes of this type.
  • Another important feature of this type of system is to be able to ensure a launch of the craft in any discretion to avoid for example a tracking of the launcher vehicle.
  • the Applicant has also proposed to make a double tube system, an inner tube is attached to an outer tube and using an annular piston performing a flow of water from the front to the rear thereof.
  • launch systems can be found in the documents DE 10340602 , EP 2107331 , EP 0151980 , EP 0526831 , FR 2724248 , FR 2776059 , KR 20100086295 , US 4971949 , US 5284106 , US 6401645 , US 6871610 and finally US 7093552 .
  • the object of the invention is therefore to solve the problems mentioned above concerning the launch of any type of machine through a system having acceptable dimensions and allowing a discrete launch.
  • the invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that the machine is housed in an inner tube, movable to slide in an outer tube between a retracted position and a position deployed from this outer tube, and in that it comprises means for anti-return water inlet to the rear of the outer tube, means for fluid communication of the portion of the inner tube to the rear of the machine with the corresponding portion of the outer tube, sealing means carried by the inner tube and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube during the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube and moving means of the inner tube in the outer tube, in a first stroke of slow movement from its retracted position to its deployed position and in a second stroke of rapid displacement from its deployed position to its retracted position to cause a backflow of pressurized water from the tube external in the inner tube at the rear of the craft through the means of fluid communication, to push the underwater vehicle and cause its ejection.
  • the invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle.
  • the system is designated by the general reference 1 and the underwater vehicle is designated by the general reference 2 and is constituted for example by a weapon such as a torpedo or any other underwater vehicle such as a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or other.
  • a weapon such as a torpedo or any other underwater vehicle such as a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or other.
  • This machine 2 is then housed in an inner tube designated by the general reference 3, which, as illustrated, is slidably movable in an outer tube designated by the general reference 4, between a retracted position illustrated on the Figure 1 and a deployed position from this outer tube, as illustrated on the Figure 2 after opening a corresponding door of the outer tube.
  • the system according to the invention also comprises water inlet anti-return means at the rear of the outer tube, designated by the general reference 5 in these figures.
  • these non-return means may for example comprise a solenoid valve or a non-return valve, allowing water to be admitted to the rear of the outer tube when the inner tube is deployed to avoid the 'syringe effect' mentioned above.
  • means for fluid communication of the portion of the inner tube at the rear of the launching apparatus with the corresponding part of the outer tube these means being designated by the reference 6 in these figures and comprising for example orifices or gills for the passage of water, formed in the wall of the inner tube at the rear thereof and more particularly at the rear of the casting machine.
  • the system according to the invention also comprises sealing means designated by the general reference 7, carried for example by the inner tube 3 and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube 4 during the movements of the inner tube in this outer tube .
  • sealing means comprise for example means in the form of bib for example rigid, for sealing between the upstream and downstream of these means.
  • these displacement means are interposed between the outer tube and the inner tube and more particularly between the rear of these tubes.
  • These displacement means then comprise means in the form of an actuator with telescopic jack whose power is controlled by control means of conventional structure, to cause the displacement of the inner tube in the outer tube.
  • these displacement means are adapted to move the inner tube in a first slow displacement stroke from its retracted position to its deployed position and in a second stroke of rapid displacement from its deployed position to its retracted position.
  • the first slow moving stroke is thus illustrated on the Figure 2 , where it is found that the extension of the jack has moved the inner tube and thus the underwater vehicle housed in the inner tube, from its retracted position inside the outer tube to its deployed position from of it.
  • the flap carried by the inner tube then causes, during the displacement thereof to its retracted position in the outer tube, a reflux of pressurized water from the outer tube into the inner tube at the rear of the machine, to through the means of implementation fluidic communication 6, which pushes the underwater vehicle and causes it to be ejected from the inner tube, as illustrated in FIG. Figure 4 .
  • means for guiding the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube are interposed therebetween. These means may have any suitable structure and will therefore not be described in more detail later.
  • the displacement means comprise a telescopic jack interposed between the rear parts facing the inner and outer tubes, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. Figure 5 these displacement means designated by the general reference 10, are formed by a telescopic actuator type actuator, interposed between the front portion of the outer tube and the rear portion of the inner tube.
  • the displacement means comprise electromagnetic means, an external winding for example designated by the general reference 11, being arranged around the outer tube 12, and the inner tube 13 being made of ferromagnetic material allowing also protect the underwater vehicle housed in it.
  • the displacement means may for example be based on the strength of LAPLACE or others.
  • the system according to the invention has a certain number of advantages also in terms of maintenance compared to the systems of the state of the art, insofar as it can at least partly be easily disassembled and removed from the launcher vehicle to facilitate these operations.
  • means of fluid communication other than those described can be envisaged, these may for example be formed by a partial or total opening of the rear end of the inner tube.
  • a self-starting launch of the machine is also possible thanks to the structure of the system according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The system (1) has a fluid communication unit (6) allowing portions of inner and outer tubes (3, 4) to communicate with each other. A sealing unit (7) e.g. flap, is carried by the inner tube, and slides against an inner wall of the outer tube during movement of the inner tube. A movement unit (8) e.g. telescopic cylinder, moves the inner tube from a retracted position to a deployed position and vice-versa according to slow and rapid movement paths for pressurized water back flow into the inner tube, at rear of underwater vehicle (2) via the communication unit, to push and eject the vehicle.

Description

La présente invention concerne un système de lancement d'un engin sous-marin.The present invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle.

Plus particulièrement l'invention peut par exemple être utilisée pour lancer un engin sous-marin tel qu'une torpille, un missile, une mine, un dispositif de contre-mesure ou encore un drone ou tout autre engin de cette nature, à partir d'un système de lancement de ce type équipant un véhicule sous-marin tel qu'un sous-marin proprement dit.More particularly the invention may for example be used to launch an underwater vehicle such as a torpedo, a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or any other device of this nature, from a launching system of this type fitted to an underwater vehicle such as a submarine itself.

Ces systèmes de lancement sont également communément appelés « tubes lance-torpille » bien qu'ils puissent être utilisés pour lancer des engins autres que des torpilles. Généralement un sous-marin est équipé de plusieurs tubes lance-torpille de ce type.These launch systems are also commonly referred to as "torpedo tubes" although they may be used to launch missiles other than torpedoes. Generally a submarine is equipped with several torpedo tubes of this type.

Ceux-ci doivent permettre de lancer différents types d'engins sous-marins tels que des armes constituées par des torpilles ou autres, sans imposer de contraintes mécaniques localisées et démesurées sur ces derniers (lancement sans contact), tout en présentant des dimensions acceptables pour pouvoir être intégrés dans le véhicule.These must make it possible to launch different types of underwater devices such as torpedo or other weapons, without imposing localized and disproportionate mechanical constraints on them (launch without contact), while presenting acceptable dimensions for can be integrated into the vehicle.

Une autre caractéristique importante de ce type de systèmes est de pouvoir assurer un lancement de l'engin en toute discrétion afin d'éviter par exemple un repérage du véhicule lanceur.Another important feature of this type of system is to be able to ensure a launch of the craft in any discretion to avoid for example a tracking of the launcher vehicle.

Différents systèmes de cette nature ont déjà été décrits en détails dans l'état de la technique.Different systems of this nature have already been described in detail in the state of the art.

Pour mémoire, les principaux systèmes ou modes de lancement connus sont les suivants :

  • Les systèmes utilisant la chasse à l'air qui consiste à éjecter l'engin stocké dans un tube, en injectant de l'air sous pression à l'arrière de celui-ci. Ces systèmes présentent l'avantage de permettre un lancement sans contact avec l'engin mais sont relativement peu discrets car ils conduisent à évacuer beaucoup d'air du sous-marin porteur.
  • Le lancement par refouloir pneumatique qui est en fait un actionneur à vérin télescopique permettant de pousser mécaniquement l'engin hors du tube à l'aide d'un piston se déployant au moment du tir. Le principal inconvénient de ce type de systèmes est qu'ils imposent une interface mécanique spécifique à l'arrière de l'engin à lancer, l'interface devant résister à des chocs relativement importants.
  • Le lancement par auto-démarrage de l'engin qui n'est applicable qu'aux engins pouvant sortir du tube par leurs propres moyens et destinés à ce type de mode opératoire de lancement. En fait dans ce mode de lancement, les moyens de motorisation de l'engin sont activés et sont alors utilisés pour permettre à l'engin de sortir du tube. Ils nécessitent cependant soit un diamètre de tube sensiblement plus important que l'engin pour permettre à l'eau de circuler de l'avant de l'engin vers l'arrière de celui-ci pendant que cet engin sort, soit une troisième porte généralement annulaire, sur l'arrière du tube. Ceci permet alors d'éviter l'effet « seringue » lorsque l'engin sort du tube. Enfin, la vitesse de sortie relativement faible de l'engin limite également le domaine de tir (vitesse du sous-marin permettant l'éjection).
  • Les systèmes dits « Water Ram » qui utilisent un piston généralement actionné hydrauliquement, pour pousser l'eau située dans une cavité extérieure, vers l'arrière du tube lance-torpille et plus particulièrement de l'engin afin de pousser et d'éjecter celui-ci. L'avantage essentiel de ce type de systèmes réside dans le lancement sans contact. Cependant, ce type de systèmes est extrêmement volumineux et nécessite également une troisième porte généralement annulaire, ce qui présente un risque supplémentaire de ne pas pouvoir étancher correctement le tube avant et après lancement. Enfin, le piston traverse généralement la coque épaisse du sous-marin ce qui présente également une complexité supplémentaire et des risques pour celui-ci.
  • Le système à turbopompe, similaire aux systèmes dits « Water Ram », à ceci près qu'une turbine propulse l'eau à l'arrière de l'engin en lieu et place du piston. L'inconvénient d'un tel système réside dans le fait que la turbine est actionnée à l'intérieur de la coque du sous-marin, par injection d'air sous pression dans un rouet. Cette opération fait monter rapidement en pression l'atmosphère du bord et engendre un phénomène de condensation important dans le local de tir, ce qui se traduit également par un certain nombre de désagréments pour l'ensemble du bord.
For the record, the main known systems or launch modes are:
  • Systems using air flushing which consists in ejecting the machine stored in a tube, by injecting pressurized air at the rear of the latter. These systems have the advantage of allowing a launch without contact with the vehicle but are relatively unobtrusive because they lead to evacuate a lot of air from the submarine carrier.
  • The pneumatic rammer launch which is in fact a telescopic jack actuator for mechanically pushing the machine out of the tube with a piston deploying at the moment of firing. The main disadvantage of this type of system is that they impose a specific mechanical interface to the rear of the launching machine, the interface to withstand relatively large shocks.
  • The launch by self-starting of the machine which is applicable only to the machines that can leave the tube by their own means and intended for this type of launching mode. In fact in this mode of launch, the motorization means of the machine are activated and are then used to allow the machine to get out of the tube. However, they require either a substantially larger tube diameter than the machine for allow the water to circulate from the front of the craft towards the rear of the latter while the craft comes out, a third door generally annular, on the rear of the tube. This then makes it possible to avoid the "syringe" effect when the machine leaves the tube. Finally, the relatively low exit speed of the craft also limits the firing range (speed of the submarine for ejection).
  • The so-called "Water Ram" systems that use a piston that is generally hydraulically actuated, to push the water located in an external cavity, towards the rear of the torpedo tube and more particularly of the machine in order to push and eject the one -this. The main advantage of this type of system lies in the launch without contact. However, this type of system is extremely bulky and also requires a third door generally annular, which presents an additional risk of not being able to properly seal the tube before and after launch. Finally, the piston generally passes through the thick hull of the submarine which also has additional complexity and risks for it.
  • The turbopump system, similar to the so-called "Water Ram" systems, except that a turbine propels the water at the rear of the machine instead of the piston. The disadvantage of such a system lies in the fact that the turbine is actuated inside the hull of the submarine, by injection of air under pressure in a wheel. This operation quickly increases the atmosphere of the edge and causes a significant condensation phenomenon in the shooting room, which also results in a number of inconveniences for the entire edge.

La demanderesse a également proposé de réaliser un système à double tube dont un tube intérieur est fixé à un tube extérieur et utilisant un piston annulaire réalisant une circulation d'eau de l'avant vers l'arrière de celui-ci.The Applicant has also proposed to make a double tube system, an inner tube is attached to an outer tube and using an annular piston performing a flow of water from the front to the rear thereof.

Cependant la fabrication d'un tel double tube est extrêmement complexe et l'espace inter tubes n'est pas aisément accessible à la maintenance.However, the manufacture of such a double tube is extremely complex and the inter tube space is not easily accessible to maintenance.

Des exemples de systèmes de lancement pourront être trouvés dans les documents DE 10340602 , EP 2107331 , EP 0151980 , EP 0526831 , FR 2724248 , FR 2776059 , KR 20100086295 , US 4971949 , US 5284106 , US 6401645 , US 6871610 et enfin US 7093552 .Examples of launch systems can be found in the documents DE 10340602 , EP 2107331 , EP 0151980 , EP 0526831 , FR 2724248 , FR 2776059 , KR 20100086295 , US 4971949 , US 5284106 , US 6401645 , US 6871610 and finally US 7093552 .

Le but de l'invention est donc de résoudre les problèmes évoqués précédemment concernant le lancement de tout type d'engins grâce à un système présentant des dimensions acceptables et permettant un lancement discret.The object of the invention is therefore to solve the problems mentioned above concerning the launch of any type of machine through a system having acceptable dimensions and allowing a discrete launch.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système de lancement d'un engin sous-marin, caractérisé en ce que l'engin est logé dans un tube interne, déplaçable à coulissement dans un tube externe entre une position escamotée et une position déployée à partir de ce tube externe, et en ce qu'il comporte des moyens à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe, des moyens de mise en communication fluidique de la partie du tube interne à l'arrière de l'engin avec la partie correspondante du tube externe, des moyens d'étanchéité portés par le tube interne et adaptés pour coulisser contre la paroi interne du tube externe lors des déplacements du tube interne dans ce tube externe et des moyens de déplacement du tube interne dans le tube externe, selon une première course de déplacement lente de sa position escamotée vers sa position déployée et selon une seconde course de déplacement rapide de sa position déployée vers sa position escamotée pour provoquer un reflux d'eau sous pression du tube externe dans le tube interne, à l'arrière de l'engin à travers les moyens de mise en communication fluidique, pour pousser l'engin sous-marin et provoquer son éjection.For this purpose, the invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that the machine is housed in an inner tube, movable to slide in an outer tube between a retracted position and a position deployed from this outer tube, and in that it comprises means for anti-return water inlet to the rear of the outer tube, means for fluid communication of the portion of the inner tube to the rear of the machine with the corresponding portion of the outer tube, sealing means carried by the inner tube and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube during the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube and moving means of the inner tube in the outer tube, in a first stroke of slow movement from its retracted position to its deployed position and in a second stroke of rapid displacement from its deployed position to its retracted position to cause a backflow of pressurized water from the tube external in the inner tube at the rear of the craft through the means of fluid communication, to push the underwater vehicle and cause its ejection.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques prises seules ou en combinaison du système de lancement selon l'invention:

  • les moyens de déplacement sont interposés entre le tube externe et le tube interne,
  • les moyens de déplacement sont interposés entre l'arrière des tubes externe et interne,
  • les moyens de déplacement sont interposés entre l'arrière du tube interne et l'avant du tube externe,
  • les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens en forme de vérin télescopique,
  • les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens électromagnétiques,
  • les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens à force de LAPLACE,
  • les moyens à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe comprennent une électrovanne,
  • les moyens à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe comprennent un clapet d'anti-retour,
  • les moyens de mise en communication fluidique comprennent des orifices ménagés dans la partie arrière du tube interne entre les deux tubes,
  • il comporte des moyens de guidage des déplacements du tube interne dans le tube externe interposés entre ceux-ci,
  • les moyens d'étanchéité portés par le tube interne et adaptés pour coulisser contre la paroi interne du tube externe lors des déplacements du tube interne dans ce tube externe comportent des moyens en forme de bavette, et
  • l'engin est choisi dans le groupe comprenant une torpille, un missile, une mine, un dispositif de contre-mesure ou encore un drone,
  • le tube interne est formé par un container résistant de réception et de protection de l'engin, et
  • les extrémités du tube sont obturées par des membranes perforables.
According to other features taken alone or in combination with the launch system according to the invention:
  • the displacement means are interposed between the outer tube and the inner tube,
  • the displacement means are interposed between the rear of the outer and inner tubes,
  • the displacement means are interposed between the rear of the inner tube and the front of the outer tube,
  • the displacement means comprise means in the form of a telescopic jack,
  • the displacement means comprise electromagnetic means,
  • the moving means comprise LAPLACE force means,
  • the non-return water intake means at the rear of the outer tube comprise a solenoid valve,
  • the non-return water intake means at the rear of the outer tube comprise a non-return valve,
  • the fluidic communication setting means comprise orifices formed in the rear part of the inner tube between the two tubes,
  • it comprises means for guiding the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube interposed therebetween,
  • the sealing means carried by the inner tube and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube during the movements of the inner tube in this outer tube comprise means in the form of bib, and
  • the machine is selected from the group comprising a torpedo, a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone,
  • the inner tube is formed by a resistant container for receiving and protecting the machine, and
  • the ends of the tube are closed by perforable membranes.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • les Figures 1 à 4 représentent différentes vues en coupe schématique d'un exemple de réalisation d'un système selon l'invention et illustrant une phase de lancement d'un engin tel qu'une torpille ;
  • la Figure 5 représente une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'un système selon l'invention, et
  • la Figure 6 représente une vue en coupe d'une autre variante encore de réalisation d'un système selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the Figures 1 to 4 are different schematic sectional views of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention and illustrating a launch phase of a machine such as a torpedo;
  • the Figure 5 represents a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a system according to the invention, and
  • the Figure 6 represents a sectional view of yet another variant embodiment of a system according to the invention.

Comme cela est illustré sur ces figures et en particulier sur les Figures 1 à 4, l'invention se rapporte à un système de lancement d'un engin sous-marin.As illustrated in these figures and in particular on the Figures 1 to 4 the invention relates to a launching system of an underwater vehicle.

Sur ces figures le système est désigné par la référence générale 1 et l'engin sous-marin est désigné par la référence générale 2 et est constitué par exemple par une arme telle qu'une torpille ou tout autre engin sous-marin tel qu'un missile, une mine, un dispositif de contre-mesure ou encore un drone ou autre.In these figures the system is designated by the general reference 1 and the underwater vehicle is designated by the general reference 2 and is constituted for example by a weapon such as a torpedo or any other underwater vehicle such as a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone or other.

Cet engin 2 est alors logé dans un tube interne désigné par la référence générale 3, qui, comme cela est illustré, est déplaçable à coulissement dans un tube externe désigné par la référence générale 4, entre une position escamotée illustrée sur la Figure 1 et une position déployée à partir de ce tube externe, telle qu'illustrée sur la Figure 2, après ouverture d'une porte correspondante du tube externe.This machine 2 is then housed in an inner tube designated by the general reference 3, which, as illustrated, is slidably movable in an outer tube designated by the general reference 4, between a retracted position illustrated on the Figure 1 and a deployed position from this outer tube, as illustrated on the Figure 2 after opening a corresponding door of the outer tube.

Le système selon l'invention comporte également des moyens à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe, désignés par la référence générale 5 sur ces figures.The system according to the invention also comprises water inlet anti-return means at the rear of the outer tube, designated by the general reference 5 in these figures.

En fait ces moyens à anti-retour peuvent par exemple comporter une électrovanne ou encore un clapet d'anti-retour, permettant d'admettre de l'eau à l'arrière du tube externe lorsque le tube interne se déploie afin d'éviter l'effet « seringue » mentionné précédemment.In fact these non-return means may for example comprise a solenoid valve or a non-return valve, allowing water to be admitted to the rear of the outer tube when the inner tube is deployed to avoid the 'syringe effect' mentioned above.

Dans le système selon l'invention, il est également prévu des moyens de mise en communication fluidique de la partie du tube interne à l'arrière de l'engin à lancer avec la partie correspondante du tube externe, ces moyens étant désignés par la référence générale 6 sur ces figures et comprenant par exemple des orifices ou des ouïes de passage de l'eau, ménagés dans la paroi du tube interne à l'arrière de celui-ci et plus particulièrement à l'arrière de l'engin à lancer.In the system according to the invention, it is also provided means for fluid communication of the portion of the inner tube at the rear of the launching apparatus with the corresponding part of the outer tube, these means being designated by the reference 6 in these figures and comprising for example orifices or gills for the passage of water, formed in the wall of the inner tube at the rear thereof and more particularly at the rear of the casting machine.

Le système selon l'invention comporte également des moyens d'étanchéité désignés par la référence générale 7, portés par exemple par le tube interne 3 et adaptés pour coulisser contre la paroi interne du tube externe 4 lors des déplacements du tube interne dans ce tube externe.The system according to the invention also comprises sealing means designated by the general reference 7, carried for example by the inner tube 3 and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube 4 during the movements of the inner tube in this outer tube .

Ces moyens d'étanchéité comprennent par exemple des moyens en forme de bavette par exemple rigide, permettant de réaliser une étanchéité entre l'amont et l'aval de ces moyens.These sealing means comprise for example means in the form of bib for example rigid, for sealing between the upstream and downstream of these means.

Enfin, il est également prévu dans le système de lancement selon l'invention, des moyens de déplacement du tube interne dans le tube externe, entre ses positions décrites précédemment, ces moyens étant désignés par la référence générale 8 sur ces Figures 1 à 4.Finally, it is also provided in the launching system according to the invention, means for moving the inner tube in the outer tube, between its positions described above, these means being designated by the general reference 8 on these Figures 1 to 4 .

En fait, et dans l'exemple décrit sur ces Figures 1 à 4, ces moyens de déplacement sont interposés entre le tube externe et le tube interne et plus particulièrement entre l'arrière de ces tubes.In fact, and in the example described on these Figures 1 to 4 these displacement means are interposed between the outer tube and the inner tube and more particularly between the rear of these tubes.

Ces moyens de déplacement comportent alors des moyens en forme d'actionneur à vérin télescopique dont l'alimentation est pilotée par des moyens de commande de structure classique, pour provoquer les déplacements du tube interne dans le tube externe.These displacement means then comprise means in the form of an actuator with telescopic jack whose power is controlled by control means of conventional structure, to cause the displacement of the inner tube in the outer tube.

Ainsi, ces moyens de déplacement sont adaptés pour déplacer le tube interne selon une première course de déplacement lente de sa position escamotée vers sa position déployée et selon une seconde course de déplacement rapide de sa position déployée à sa position escamotée.Thus, these displacement means are adapted to move the inner tube in a first slow displacement stroke from its retracted position to its deployed position and in a second stroke of rapid displacement from its deployed position to its retracted position.

La première course de déplacement lente est ainsi illustrée sur la Figure 2, où l'on constate que l'extension du vérin a permis de déplacer le tube interne et donc l'engin sous-marin logé dans ce tube interne, de sa position escamotée à l'intérieur du tube externe vers sa position déployée à partir de celui-ci.The first slow moving stroke is thus illustrated on the Figure 2 , where it is found that the extension of the jack has moved the inner tube and thus the underwater vehicle housed in the inner tube, from its retracted position inside the outer tube to its deployed position from of it.

Durant ce déplacement, l'eau est admise à l'arrière du tube externe à travers les moyens d'admission 5, pour éviter l'effet « seringue » mentionné précédemment et faciliter la sortie du tube interne.During this movement, the water is admitted to the rear of the outer tube through the admission means 5, to avoid the "syringe" effect mentioned above and facilitate the exit of the inner tube.

Lors de la seconde course de déplacement rapide du tube interne de sa position déployée vers sa position escamotée, telle qu'illustrée sur les Figures 3 et 4, les moyens à anti-retour sont fermés et empêchent l'eau de s'échapper du tube externe à travers ceux-ci.During the second rapid displacement stroke of the inner tube from its deployed position to its retracted position, as illustrated in FIG. Figures 3 and 4 the non-return means are closed and prevent water from escaping from the outer tube therethrough.

La bavette portée par le tube interne provoque alors, lors du déplacement de celui-ci vers sa position escamotée dans le tube externe, un reflux d'eau sous pression du tube externe dans le tube interne à l'arrière de l'engin, à travers les moyens de mise en communication fluidique 6, ce qui pousse l'engin sous-marin et provoque son éjection du tube interne, comme cela est illustré sur la Figure 4.The flap carried by the inner tube then causes, during the displacement thereof to its retracted position in the outer tube, a reflux of pressurized water from the outer tube into the inner tube at the rear of the machine, to through the means of implementation fluidic communication 6, which pushes the underwater vehicle and causes it to be ejected from the inner tube, as illustrated in FIG. Figure 4 .

On conçoit alors que ceci permet de résoudre les différents problèmes évoqués précédemment car le système selon l'invention ne nécessite pas de contact entre l'actionneur et l'engin.It will be understood that this makes it possible to solve the various problems mentioned above because the system according to the invention does not require contact between the actuator and the machine.

Par ailleurs il est relativement peu encombrant et permet des lancements d'engins de façon discrète.Moreover, it is relatively compact and allows launching machines in a discrete way.

Bien entendu, des moyens de guidage des déplacements du tube interne dans le tube externe sont interposés entre ceux-ci. Ces moyens peuvent présenter n'importe quelle structure appropriée et ne seront donc pas décrits plus en détail par la suite.Of course, means for guiding the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube are interposed therebetween. These means may have any suitable structure and will therefore not be described in more detail later.

Bien entendu également, d'autres modes de réalisation encore peuvent être envisagés comme ceux illustrés sur les Figures 5 et 6.Of course also, other embodiments may be envisaged, such as those illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6 .

Ainsi, et alors que dans les Figures 1 à 4, les moyens de déplacement comprennent un vérin télescopique interposé entre les parties arrière en regard des tubes interne et externe, dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré sur la Figure 5, ces moyens de déplacement désignés par la référence générale 10, sont formés par un actionneur du type vérin télescopique, interposé entre la partie avant du tube externe et la partie arrière du tube interne.So, and while in the Figures 1 to 4 , the displacement means comprise a telescopic jack interposed between the rear parts facing the inner and outer tubes, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. Figure 5 these displacement means designated by the general reference 10, are formed by a telescopic actuator type actuator, interposed between the front portion of the outer tube and the rear portion of the inner tube.

Le fonctionnement du système est alors symétrique à celui décrit précédemment, c'est-à-dire que cet actionneur permet en se rétractant, une course lente de déploiement du tube interne par rapport au tube externe puis, en se déployant, une course rapide de rentrée du tube interne dans le tube externe.The operation of the system is then symmetrical to that described above, that is to say that this actuator allows retracting, a slow stroke of deployment of the inner tube relative to the outer tube and then, deploying, a fast run of retraction of the inner tube into the outer tube.

Bien entendu, d'autres modes de réalisation encore peuvent être envisagés notamment pour la constitution des moyens de déplacement du tube interne dans le tube externe.Of course, other embodiments may be envisaged in particular for the constitution of the displacement means of the inner tube in the outer tube.

Ainsi par exemple sur la Figure 6, on a illustré un exemple de réalisation dans lequel les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens électromagnétiques, un bobinage externe par exemple désigné par la référence générale 11, étant disposé autour du tube externe 12, et le tube interne 13 étant réalisé en matériau ferromagnétique permettant également de protéger l'engin sous-marin logé dans celui-ci.So for example on the Figure 6 an exemplary embodiment is illustrated in which the displacement means comprise electromagnetic means, an external winding for example designated by the general reference 11, being arranged around the outer tube 12, and the inner tube 13 being made of ferromagnetic material allowing also protect the underwater vehicle housed in it.

Bien entendu, d'autres modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés, les moyens de déplacement pouvant par exemple être basés sur la force de LAPLACE ou autres.Of course, other embodiments may be envisaged, the displacement means may for example be based on the strength of LAPLACE or others.

On conçoit que grâce à une telle structure, le système selon l'invention présente un certain nombre d'avantages également en terme de maintenance par rapport aux systèmes de l'état de la technique, dans la mesure où il peut au moins en partie être facilement démonté et retiré du véhicule lanceur afin de faciliter ces opérations.It is conceivable that thanks to such a structure, the system according to the invention has a certain number of advantages also in terms of maintenance compared to the systems of the state of the art, insofar as it can at least partly be easily disassembled and removed from the launcher vehicle to facilitate these operations.

Il va de soi également que des moyens de mise en communication fluidique autres que ceux décrits peuvent être envisagés, ceux-ci pouvant par exemple être formés par une ouverture partielle ou totale de l'extrémité arrière du tube interne.It goes without saying that means of fluid communication other than those described can be envisaged, these may for example be formed by a partial or total opening of the rear end of the inner tube.

Un lancement en auto-démarrage de l'engin est également possible grâce à la structure du système selon l'invention.A self-starting launch of the machine is also possible thanks to the structure of the system according to the invention.

Enfin les dimensions des différentes pièces entrant dans la constitution de ce système peuvent être adaptées à la taille et à l'encombrement de l'engin.Finally, the dimensions of the various parts involved in the constitution of this system can be adapted to the size and size of the machine.

Claims (15)

Système de lancement d'un engin sous-marin, caractérisé en ce que l'engin (2) est logé dans un tube interne (3), déplaçable à coulissement dans un tube externe (4) entre une position escamotée et une position déployée à partir de ce tube externe (4), et en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (5) à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe (4), des moyens (6) de mise en communication fluidique de la partie du tube interne à l'arrière de l'engin avec la partie correspondante du tube externe, des moyens d'étanchéité (7) portés par le tube interne (3) et adaptés pour coulisser contre la paroi interne du tube externe lors des déplacements du tube interne dans ce tube externe (4) et des moyens de déplacement (8 ; 10 ; 11, 13) du tube interne dans le tube externe, selon une première course de déplacement lente de sa position escamotée vers sa position déployée et selon une seconde course de déplacement rapide de sa position déployée vers sa position escamotée pour provoquer un reflux d'eau sous pression du tube externe (4) dans le tube interne (3), à l'arrière de l'engin (2) à travers les moyens (6) de mise en communication fluidique, pour pousser l'engin sous-marin (1) et provoquer son éjection.Launching system of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that the machine (2) is housed in an inner tube (3), slidably movable in an outer tube (4) between a retracted position and a deployed position to from this outer tube (4), and that it comprises means (5) with a non-return water inlet at the rear of the outer tube (4), means (6) for setting fluidic communication of the portion of the inner tube at the rear of the machine with the corresponding portion of the outer tube, sealing means (7) carried by the inner tube (3) and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the tube external displacement of the inner tube in this outer tube (4) and displacement means (8; 10; 11, 13) of the inner tube in the outer tube, in a first stroke of slow movement from its retracted position to its position deployed and in a second race of rapid displacement from its deployed position to its position es camotée to cause a reflux of pressurized water of the outer tube (4) in the inner tube (3), the rear of the machine (2) through the means (6) of fluid communication, to push the underwater vehicle (1) and cause it to be ejected. Système de lancement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement (8 ; 10 ; 11, 13) sont interposés entre le tube externe et le tube interne.Launching system according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement means (8; 10; 11, 13) are interposed between the outer tube and the inner tube. Système de lancement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement (8) sont interposés entre l'arrière des tubes externe (4) et interne (3).Launching system according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement means (8) are interposed between the rear of the outer tube (4) and inner (3). Système de lancement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement (10) sont interposés entre l'arrière du tube interne (3) et l'avant du tube externe (4).Launching system according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement means (10) are interposed between the rear of the inner tube (3) and the front of the outer tube (4). Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens en forme de vérin télescopique (8).Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement means comprise means in the form of a telescopic jack (8). Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens électromagnétiques (11, 13).Launching system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the displacement means comprise electromagnetic means (11, 13). Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déplacement comprennent des moyens à force de LAPLACE.Launching system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the displacement means comprise LAPLACE force means. Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe comprennent une électrovanne.Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (5) for non-return water admission to the rear of the outer tube comprise a solenoid valve. Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) à anti-retour d'admission d'eau à l'arrière du tube externe comprennent un clapet d'anti-retour.Launching system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means (5) to non-return intake of water at the rear of the outer tube comprises a non-return valve. Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (6) de mise en communication fluidique comprennent des orifices ménagés dans la partie arrière du tube interne entre les deux tubes.Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (6) for placing in fluid communication comprise orifices formed in the rear part of the inner tube between the two tubes. Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de guidage des déplacements du tube interne dans le tube externe interposés entre ceux-ci.Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for guiding the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube interposed therebetween. Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'étanchéité portés par le tube interne et adaptés pour coulisser contre la paroi interne du tube externe lors des déplacements du tube interne dans ce tube externe comportent des moyens en forme de bavette (7).Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing means carried by the inner tube and adapted to slide against the inner wall of the outer tube during the movements of the inner tube in the outer tube comprise means bib-shaped (7). Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'engin est choisi dans le groupe comprenant une torpille, un missile, une mine, un dispositif de contre-mesure ou encore un drone (2).Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine is selected from the group comprising a torpedo, a missile, a mine, a countermeasure device or a drone (2). Système de lancement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube interne (3) est formé par un container résistant de réception et de protection de l'engin.Launching system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner tube (3) is formed by a resistant container for receiving and protecting the machine. Système de lancement selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités du tube sont obturées par des membranes perforables.Launching system according to claim 14, characterized in that the ends of the tube are closed by perforable membranes.
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EP3106825A1 (en) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Launching apparatus for underwater payload
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FR2976063B1 (en) 2013-07-12
ES2452487T3 (en) 2014-04-01
FR2976063A1 (en) 2012-12-07
KR20120134064A (en) 2012-12-11
EP2530423B1 (en) 2014-01-15

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