EP2623918B1 - Pneumatic launching device - Google Patents

Pneumatic launching device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2623918B1
EP2623918B1 EP13153973.6A EP13153973A EP2623918B1 EP 2623918 B1 EP2623918 B1 EP 2623918B1 EP 13153973 A EP13153973 A EP 13153973A EP 2623918 B1 EP2623918 B1 EP 2623918B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
launching device
projectile
pneumatic
plug
Prior art date
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EP13153973.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2623918A1 (en
Inventor
Ludovic Bertrand
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Nexter Systems SA
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Nexter Systems SA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL13153973T priority Critical patent/PL2623918T3/en
Publication of EP2623918A1 publication Critical patent/EP2623918A1/en
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Publication of EP2623918B1 publication Critical patent/EP2623918B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/68—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas the gas being pre-compressed before firing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/68—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas the gas being pre-compressed before firing
    • F41B11/681—Pumping or compressor arrangements therefor
    • F41B11/682—Pressure accumulation tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/70—Details not provided for in F41B11/50 or F41B11/60
    • F41B11/73—Sealing arrangements; Pistons

Definitions

  • Requirement DE 102009058049 discloses a pneumatic projectile launcher having a single constant volume compressed gas reservoir for propelling the projectile retained by a wedging means to a pressure-determined range.
  • the object of the invention is to allow precise adjustment of the range of the projectile without having to precisely dose the pressure in a secondary reservoir of pneumatic weapon.
  • the secondary reservoir has an opening substantially the same diameter as a launching tube, the launch tube being positioned directly opposite the opening, the rapid expansion means comprising a closure plug tube which is solidarisable with the rear part of the projectile and which can be connected to the tube by a releasable locking means.
  • the ring may be integral with a collar ring which will slide on the tube and will bear against a shoulder of the tube in the locking position, a spring being interposed between the ring and the shoulder to maintain the ring in locking position.
  • a firing device 1 according to the invention comprises two parallel tubes 10a and 10b each comprising a projectile 9.
  • the upper tube 10a is able to feed with compressed gas contained in the secondary reservoir 6.
  • the ring 63 has in its internal part at least one internal groove 64 intended to be placed in front of the bore 54 and to receive all or part of the ball 52 when the firing is triggered as visible at the figure 3 (lower part).

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs de lancement pneumatiques de projectiles.The technical field of the invention is that of pneumatic projectile launching devices.

Afin de propulser des projectiles sans avoir recours à des moyens pyrotechniques, une méthode bien connue est celle de la sarbacane où la détente rapide d'un volume de gaz dans un tube procure une impulsion projetant le projectile hors du tube.In order to propel projectiles without the use of pyrotechnic means, a well-known method is that of the blowgun where the rapid expansion of a volume of gas in a tube provides a pulse projecting the projectile out of the tube.

Ce mode de propulsion est particulièrement intéressant lorsque l'on souhaite adapter la portée du projectile, puisque la simple variation de la pression délivrée permet cette adaptation sans forcément avoir recours à une modification de l'angle de pointage en élévation.This mode of propulsion is particularly interesting when it is desired to adapt the range of the projectile, since the simple variation of the pressure delivered allows this adaptation without necessarily having recourse to a modification of the elevation pointing angle.

Ainsi le brevet US2960977 décrit un lanceur pneumatique comportant un réservoir primaire de gaz comprimé relié à un réservoir secondaire par une vanne. Le second réservoir contient le volume de gaz comprimé destiné à la projection d'un projectile placé dans un tube. La vanne permet d'adapter approximativement la pression de gaz dans le réservoir secondaire en fonction de la quantité d'énergie que l'on souhaite insuffler au projectile. Un moyen de détente rapide du gaz du réservoir secondaire vers le tube permet le déclenchement du tir.So the patent US2960977 discloses a pneumatic launcher having a primary reservoir of compressed gas connected to a secondary reservoir by a valve. The second reservoir contains the volume of compressed gas for projecting a projectile placed in a tube. The valve makes it possible to approximately adjust the gas pressure in the secondary tank according to the amount of energy that it is desired to blow the projectile. A means of rapid expansion of the gas from the secondary tank to the tube allows triggering the shot.

Le brevet DE102009039549 divulgue un dispositif selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Il montre un lanceur pneumatique de roquette comportant deux réservoirs de gaz comprimé dont un premier réservoir est destiné à alimenter le second au moyen d'une vanne. Le second réservoir comporte un moyen de détente rapide des gaz. La portée du projectile est réglée par une modification de la pression de poussée du projectile.The patent DE102009039549 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1. It shows a rocket pneumatic launcher comprising two compressed gas tanks, a first tank is intended to feed the second by means of a valve. The second reservoir comprises a means for rapid expansion of the gases. The range of the projectile is regulated by a modification of the thrust pressure of the projectile.

La précision de la quantité d'énergie fournie au projectile est capitale pour obtenir la portée voulue surtout pour la pratique de tirs non létaux qui ont généralement lieu à courte portée.The accuracy of the amount of energy delivered to the projectile is critical to achieving the desired range especially for non-lethal shooting that usually takes place at close range.

Le dispositif précédemment décrit règle la quantité d'énergie (donc la portée du projectile) en jouant uniquement sur la pression. Pour maîtriser la portée il est donc nécessaire de maîtriser précisément la pression dans la chambre secondaire, ce qui est délicat à obtenir. Ceci peut imposer le cas échéant la libération d'une partie de la pression par une mise à l'air libre pour régler le problème d'un éventuel excès de pression. Cette libération implique une perte d'énergie.The previously described device adjusts the amount of energy (thus the scope of the projectile) by playing only on the pressure. To control the range it is necessary to precisely control the pressure in the secondary chamber, which is difficult to obtain. This may require the release of some of the pressure by venting if necessary to solve the problem of a possible excess pressure. This release involves a loss of energy.

D'autre part les projectiles utilisés peuvent avoir besoin d'être armés par l'impulsion initiale communiquée au départ du coup. Cette impulsion doit généralement être supérieure à une valeur seuil. Le dispositif antérieur en faisant varier la portée en jouant sur la pression ne pourra pas délivrer dans tous les cas l'impulsion nécessaire pour l'armement, en particulier pour les tirs à courte distance nécessitant une faible pression.On the other hand the projectiles used may need to be armed by the initial impulse communicated at the start of the stroke. This pulse must generally be greater than a threshold value. The prior device by varying the range by acting on the pressure can not deliver in all cases the pulse required for arming, particularly for short-range shots requiring low pressure.

Enfin, la pression accumulée doit pouvoir être détendue le plus rapidement possible lors du tir. Le dispositif décrit dans US2960977 impose une circulation du gaz dans un réseau de canalisations reliant la chambre secondaire au moyen de détente ce qui engendre des pertes de charge du fait de la complexité du parcours et des variations de section entre les différents tuyaux et la section arrière du projectile.Finally, the accumulated pressure must be relaxed as quickly as possible when firing. The device described in US2960977 imposes a flow of gas in a network of pipes connecting the secondary chamber by means of expansion which generates pressure losses due to the complexity of the course and section variations between the various pipes and the rear section of the projectile.

La demande WO 2005063344 décrit un lanceur de ballon de sport comportant une chambre pressurisable pouvant être reliée à un tube de lancement par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit, différents paramètres étant proposés pour régler le tir du ballon, en particulier le volume de la chambre, la pression de la chambre, la section de soupapes d'ouverture et la longueur du tube.Requirement WO 2005063344 describes a sports balloon launcher comprising a pressurizable chamber that can be connected to a launching tube via a conduit, various parameters being proposed to regulate the shooting of the balloon, in particular the volume of the chamber, the pressure of the chamber, the section of opening valves and the length of the tube.

La demande DE 102009058049 divulgue un lanceur pneumatique de projectile comportant un unique réservoir de gaz comprimé à volume constant destiné à propulser le projectile, retenu par un moyen de coincement, à une portée déterminée par la pression.Requirement DE 102009058049 discloses a pneumatic projectile launcher having a single constant volume compressed gas reservoir for propelling the projectile retained by a wedging means to a pressure-determined range.

Les brevets US399882 et US5282455 divulguent un canon pneumatique rotatif dont la variation de portée est assurée par la variation de pression dans une chambre unique.Licences US399882 and US5282455 disclose a rotary air gun whose range variation is ensured by the variation of pressure in a single chamber.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet de permettre un réglage précis de la portée du projectile sans avoir à doser précisément la pression dans un réservoir secondaire d'arme pneumatique.Thus, the object of the invention is to allow precise adjustment of the range of the projectile without having to precisely dose the pressure in a secondary reservoir of pneumatic weapon.

L'invention à également pour avantages:

  • De délivrer une impulsion initiale toujours suffisante pour armer les projectiles nécessitant un seuil minimal d'énergie.
The invention also has advantages:
  • To deliver an initial pulse always sufficient to arm the projectiles requiring a minimal threshold of energy.

De réduire significativement les pertes d'énergie propulsive.To significantly reduce the propulsive energy losses.

De permettre une modification de la portée sans forcément modifier le pointage de l'arme en élévation.To allow a modification of the range without necessarily modifying the pointing of the weapon in elevation.

Ainsi, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de lancement pneumatique d'un projectile nécessitant d'être armé par impulsion de tir, dispositif comportant au moins un tube de lancement destiné à recevoir le projectile et un compresseur destiné à alimenter un réservoir primaire en gaz sous pression, le réservoir primaire alimentant à son tour en gaz sous pression et par l'intermédiaire d'une première vanne un réservoir secondaire qui est relié au tube par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de détente rapide, dispositif de lancement pneumatique caractérisé en ce que le réservoir secondaire peut être alimenté à une pression fixe et comporte des moyens permettant de modifier son volume interne avant pressurisation afin d'obtenir la portée voulue pour le projectile.Thus, the subject of the invention is a pneumatic launching device for a projectile requiring to be armed by firing pulse, a device comprising at least one launch tube intended to receive the projectile and a compressor intended to feed a primary reservoir in pressurized gas, the primary tank in turn supplying pressurized gas and via a first valve a secondary tank which is connected to the tube via a rapid expansion means, pneumatic launching device characterized in that the secondary reservoir can be fed at a fixed pressure and comprises means making it possible to modify its internal volume before pressurization in order to obtain the desired range for the projectile.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le réservoir secondaire renferme un piston mobile dont le déplacement permet de modifier le volume interne du réservoir secondaire.According to a characteristic of the invention, the secondary reservoir contains a movable piston whose displacement makes it possible to modify the internal volume of the secondary reservoir.

Avantageusement, le déplacement du piston est commandé par un moyen moteur.Advantageously, the displacement of the piston is controlled by a motor means.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le réservoir secondaire comporte une ouverture sensiblement au même diamètre qu'un tube de lancement, le tube de lancement étant positionné directement en regard de l'ouverture, le moyen de détente rapide comprenant un bouchon d'obturation du tube qui est solidarisable avec la partie arrière du projectile et qui peut être lié au tube par un moyen de verrouillage libérable.According to one characteristic of the invention, the secondary reservoir has an opening substantially the same diameter as a launching tube, the launch tube being positioned directly opposite the opening, the rapid expansion means comprising a closure plug tube which is solidarisable with the rear part of the projectile and which can be connected to the tube by a releasable locking means.

Avantageusement, le moyen de verrouillage comprend au moins un obstacle disposé dans un trou radial du tube et comportant une extrémité s'engageant contre une surface du moyen d'obturation, obstacle qui est maintenu en position de verrouillage par une bague coulissante entourant le tube.Advantageously, the locking means comprises at least one obstacle disposed in a radial hole of the tube and having an end engaging against a surface of the closure means, which obstacle is held in the locking position by a sliding ring surrounding the tube.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, la bague comporte une gorge interne dans laquelle peut se loger l'obstacle en position de déverrouillage.According to a characteristic of the invention, the ring has an internal groove in which the obstacle can be housed in the unlocked position.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la bague pourra être solidaire d'un anneau à collerette qui coulissera sur le tube et viendra en appui contre un épaulement du tube en position de verrouillage, un ressort étant interposé entre la bague et l'épaulement pour maintenir la bague en position de verrouillage.According to one embodiment, the ring may be integral with a collar ring which will slide on the tube and will bear against a shoulder of the tube in the locking position, a spring being interposed between the ring and the shoulder to maintain the ring in locking position.

Avantageusement, le bouchon pourra comporter une partie arrière de diamètre sensiblement égal à celui du tube ainsi qu'une partie avant de diamètre réduit destinée à se loger à l'intérieur d'une queue du projectile.Advantageously, the plug may comprise a rear portion of diameter substantially equal to that of the tube and a front portion of reduced diameter intended to be housed inside a tail of the projectile.

Le bouchon pourra comporter un alésage axial dans lequel un barreau sera destiné à coulisser, le barreau comportant un renflement et le coulissement du barreau permettant de placer le renflement dans un évasement de la partie avant ou en regard d'une extrémité fendue de la partie avant pour en provoquer l'expansion.The plug may comprise an axial bore in which a bar is intended to slide, the bar having a bulge and the sliding of the bar for placing the bulge in a flare of the front part or facing a split end of the front part. to cause expansion.

Le barreau pourra alors comporter une gorge qui lors du coulissement du barreau pourra se positionner en regard de l'extrémité de la partie avant, le renflement se trouvant alors hors de la partie avant du bouchon dont l'expansion n'est plus maintenue.The bar may then include a groove which during sliding of the bar can be positioned opposite the end of the front portion, the bulge then being out of the front portion of the stopper whose expansion is no longer maintained.

Le bouchon pourra comporter un alésage axial prolongé au niveau de la partie arrière par un lamage destiné à laisser coulisser une plaque de pression solidaire d'une extrémité du barreau.The plug may include an axial bore extended at the rear portion by a counterbore for sliding a pressure plate secured to one end of the bar.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de lancement pneumatique comporte au moins deux tubes parallèles et symétriques par rapport à un axe de rotation parallèle aux tubes, les tubes étant montés pivotant sur une platine portant l'axe de rotation, la platine comportant une fenêtre de même diamètre que les tubes et en regard de laquelle se positionne un des tubes lorsque l'autre tube est en regard de l'ouverture du réservoir secondaire.Advantageously, the pneumatic launch device comprises at least two parallel and symmetrical tubes with respect to an axis of rotation parallel to the tubes, the tubes being pivotally mounted on a plate bearing the axis of rotation, the plate comprising a window of the same diameter as the tubes and opposite which is positioned one of the tubes when the other tube is facing the opening of the secondary tank.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente un schéma de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de lancement pneumatique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de d'un mode particulier de réalisation d'un dispositif de lancement pneumatique selon l'invention.
  • La figure 3 représente de façon plus précise une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un tube du dispositif de lancement, la coupe montre simultanément au niveau de sa partie haute un projectile à poste avant tir et au niveau de sa partie basse une vue lors du déclenchement du tir.
  • La figure 4 représente en vue de face le dispositif selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 2.
  • La figure 5 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un mode particulier de réalisation d'un bouchon interfacé avec un projectile (bouchon représenté avant tir).
  • La figure 6 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de ce même bouchon représenté seul au moment du tir.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, description given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 represents an operating diagram of a pneumatic launch device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • The figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a particular embodiment of a pneumatic launch device according to the invention.
  • The figure 3 represents more precisely a longitudinal sectional view of a tube of the launching device, the cut simultaneously shows at its upper part a projectile post before firing and at its lower part a view during the firing trigger.
  • The figure 4 represents in front view the device according to the embodiment of the figure 2 .
  • The figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a particular embodiment of a cap interfaced with a projectile (plug shown before firing).
  • The figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same plug shown alone at the time of firing.

Selon la figure 1 et selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de lancement 1 comporte un réservoir primaire 2 destiné à recevoir un gaz comprimé, préférentiellement de l'air ou du dioxyde de carbone. L'alimentation de ce réservoir primaire 1 se fait par un compresseur 3 couplable à un réseau 4 de tuyaux de distribution du gaz au sein du dispositif 1. Le couplage s'effectue selon une méthode connue, par exemple via un raccord comportant une valve anti retour 5 permettant l'entrée du gaz dans le dispositif et bloquant l'évacuation du gaz en sens inverse.According to figure 1 and according to one embodiment, the launch device 1 comprises a primary reservoir 2 for receiving a compressed gas, preferably air or carbon dioxide. The supply of this primary reservoir 1 is done by a compressor 3 coupled to a network 4 of gas distribution pipes within the device 1. The coupling is carried out according to a known method, for example via a coupling comprising an anti-flow valve. return 5 allowing the entry of the gas into the device and blocking the evacuation of the gas in the opposite direction.

En vue d'effectuer un tir, le gaz comprimé contenu dans le réservoir primaire 2 est acheminé de manière contrôlée jusqu'à un réservoir secondaire 6. Le contrôle de l'acheminement du gaz s'effectue avec un premier distributeur 7 empêchant ou autorisant la circulation de gaz dans les deux sens entre réservoir primaire 2 et réservoir secondaire 6. A la suite du premier distributeur 7 se situe un détendeur 8 permettant de délivrer une pression de gaz constante à destination du réservoir secondaire 6. Un manomètre 8b permet de connaître la pression accumulée dans la chambre secondaire 6.In order to fire, the compressed gas contained in the primary tank 2 is controlledly conveyed to a secondary tank 6. The control of the gas flow is carried out with a first distributor 7 preventing or allowing the two-way flow of gas between primary reservoir 2 and secondary reservoir 6. Following the first distributor 7 is a pressure reducer 8 for delivering a constant gas pressure to the secondary reservoir 6. A manometer 8b allows to know the accumulated pressure in the secondary chamber 6.

Le réservoir secondaire 6 comporte selon un mode de réalisation un corps cylindrique 6a dans lequel peut coulisser un piston 6b solidaire d'une tige 6c qui sort hors du corps 6a et sur laquelle on peut agir pour régler la course du piston 6b.The secondary reservoir 6 comprises, according to one embodiment, a cylindrical body 6a in which a piston 6b integral with a rod 6c can be slid out of the body 6a and on which it is possible to adjust the stroke of the piston 6b.

Selon la position du piston 6b dans le corps cylindrique 6a, la chambre 6d délimitée par le corps 6a et le piston 6b aura un volume V plus ou moins important.Depending on the position of the piston 6b in the cylindrical body 6a, the chamber 6d delimited by the body 6a and the piston 6b will have a volume V more or less important.

Il peut être envisagé d'autres modes de réalisation du réservoir secondaire 6 à volume variable, par exemple au moyen d'une sphère à membrane dont le volume est adapté par l'injection d'un liquide d'un coté de la membrane ou encore par d'autres solutions.Other embodiments of the variable volume secondary reservoir 6 may be envisaged, for example by means of a membrane sphere whose volume is adapted by the injection of a liquid on one side of the membrane or else by other solutions.

A une extrémité du réseau 4 se situe un tube lanceur 10 contenant un projectile 9. Sur le réseau 4, entre le tube 10 et le réservoir 6 se situe un second distributeur 11. Ce second distributeur 11 constitue dans la figure 1 un moyen de détente rapide du gaz du réservoir secondaire 6. L'ouverture du distributeur 11 provoque ainsi l'expulsion du volume V de gaz comprimé contenu dans la chambre 6d du réservoir secondaire 6. Ce volume de gaz V propulse le projectile 9 vers l'avant AV du tube 10.At one end of the network 4 is a launcher tube 10 containing a projectile 9. On the network 4, between the tube 10 and the reservoir 6 is a second distributor 11. This second distributor 11 constitutes in the figure 1 a means of rapid expansion of the gas of the secondary reservoir 6. The opening of the distributor 11 thus causes the expulsion of the volume V of compressed gas contained in the chamber 6d of the secondary reservoir 6. This volume of gas V propels the projectile 9 towards the before AV of the tube 10.

Le second distributeur 11 peut être remplacé par d'autres moyens qui devront avoir pour caractéristiques principales de réaliser rapidement l'ouverture du réservoir secondaire 6 vers le tube.The second distributor 11 may be replaced by other means which should have as main features to quickly realize the opening of the secondary reservoir 6 to the tube.

Cependant, comme décrit dans la suite du document, pour ne pas grever les performances du dispositif de lancement 1 par des pertes de charges dues à la circulation du gaz entre la chambre secondaire et le tube, on privilégiera la solution décrite par la suite qui comprend un moyen de détente rapide 11 permettant une mise en relation directe du tube 10 et du réservoir secondaire 6.However, as described in the rest of the document, to avoid burdening the performance of the launching device 1 by losses due to the flow of gas between the secondary chamber and the tube, the solution described hereinafter will be preferred which comprises rapid detent means 11 allowing a direct connection of the tube 10 and the secondary reservoir 6.

Par la mise en oeuvre de ces moyens il est ainsi possible d'ajuster la quantité d'énergie fournie au projectile. En effet cette quantité d'énergie est directement liée au produit de la pression par le volume de gaz contenu dans le réservoir secondaire 6 selon la loi des gaz parfaits.By the implementation of these means it is thus possible to adjust the amount of energy supplied to the projectile. Indeed this amount of energy is directly related to the product of the pressure by the volume of gas contained in the secondary reservoir 6 according to the ideal gas law.

Avec l'invention, la pression à l'intérieur du réservoir secondaire est maintenue constante jusqu'au tir et elle est la même pour chaque tir réalisé, indépendamment de la portée souhaitée. Ceci permet d'obtenir des conditions d'accélérations initiales du projectile qui sont identiques d'un tir à l'autre mais la durée de la poussée qui détermine la portée sera fonction du volume V de gaz disponible. On peut ainsi assurer dans tous les cas l'armement d'une fusée du projectile.With the invention, the pressure inside the secondary reservoir is kept constant until the shot and it is the same for each shot made, regardless of the desired range. This makes it possible to obtain initial acceleration conditions of the projectile that are identical from one shot to another, but the duration of the thrust that determines the range will be a function of the volume V of available gas. We can thus ensure in all cases the arming of a projectile rocket.

Ainsi dans une séquence de tir, on ajuste tout d'abord le volume V de la chambre du réservoir secondaire 6 avec une pression de chambre égale à la pression atmosphérique. Ensuite ce volume V est rempli avec le gaz du réservoir primaire 2, à la pression de fonctionnement fixe qui est souhaitée pour donner au moins l'impulsion permettant l'armement de la fusée du projectile.Thus, in a firing sequence, the volume V of the chamber of the secondary reservoir 6 is first adjusted with a chamber pressure equal to atmospheric pressure. Then this volume V is filled with the gas of the primary reservoir 2, the fixed operating pressure which is desired to give at least the pulse for arming the projectile rocket.

Le tir peut alors avoir lieu.The shot can then take place.

Le réglage du volume est un paramètre aisé à modifier de façon précise. Cela n'est pas le cas pour un réglage de la pression introduite dans la chambre comme proposé dans l'état de la technique antérieure. Si l'on compare un dispositif selon l'invention, ayant une pression constante et un volume de chambre secondaire variable, à un second dispositif tel que US2960977 où le volume de la chambre secondaire est constant mais la pression est variable, l'invention permet d'obtenir une meilleure précision sur l'énergie fournie au projectile sur l'ensemble des portées (l'avantage se réduit cependant aux grandes portées). En effet, le ratio des erreurs est de 2,5 pour la portée mini puis devient égal à 1 à la portée maximale (car alors tous les paramètres de tir, pression et volume, sont égaux pour les deux dispositifs comparés).The volume control is an easy parameter to modify precisely. This is not the case for an adjustment of the pressure introduced into the chamber as proposed in the state of the prior art. If one compares a device according to the invention, having a constant pressure and a variable secondary chamber volume, to a second device such as US2960977 where the volume of the secondary chamber is constant but the pressure is variable, the invention makes it possible to obtain a better accuracy of the energy supplied to the projectile over all the spans (the advantage is however reduced to large spans). Indeed, the ratio of the errors is of 2,5 for the range mini then becomes equal to 1 with the maximum range (because then all the parameters of shooting, pressure and volume, are equal for the two compared devices).

Selon les figures 2, 3 et 4 et selon un autre mode de réalisation, un dispositif de tir 1 selon l'invention comporte deux tubes 10a et 10b parallèles comportant chacun un projectile 9. Le tube supérieur 10a est alimentable en gaz comprimé contenu dans le réservoir secondaire 6.According to figures 2 , 3 and 4 and according to another embodiment, a firing device 1 according to the invention comprises two parallel tubes 10a and 10b each comprising a projectile 9. The upper tube 10a is able to feed with compressed gas contained in the secondary reservoir 6.

Le volume de gaz est adapté aux besoins de tir selon le principe exprimé précédemment par le coulissement d'un piston 6b dont la position est déterminée avec exactitude grâce à un moteur, asservi en position à un capteur de déplacement, moteur actionnant un système vis-écrou 6c et 6d (moteur et capteur non représentés).The volume of gas is adapted to the firing requirements according to the principle previously expressed by the sliding of a piston 6b whose position is determined accurately by a motor, slaved in position to a displacement sensor, motor actuating a screw system. nut 6c and 6d (motor and sensor not shown).

Le réservoir secondaire 6 est alimenté en gaz comprimé par une arrivée de gaz 12 reliée à un réseau tel que décrit précédemment (voir description figure 1).The secondary tank 6 is supplied with compressed gas by a gas inlet 12 connected to a network as described above (see description figure 1 ).

Le réservoir secondaire 6 comporte une ouverture 17 qui communique avec un tube de lancement 10a ou 10b. Dans la position représentée à la figure 2, c'est le tube 10a qui se trouve en regard de l'ouverture 17.The secondary reservoir 6 has an opening 17 which communicates with a launch tube 10a or 10b. In the position shown in figure 2 it is the tube 10a which is opposite the opening 17.

Chaque tube 10a et 10b comporte un moyen de détente rapide 13 qui interdit (ou autorise suivant le besoin) le passage direct de gaz entre le tube 10 et le réservoir secondaire 6. Le second tube 10b comporte également un moyen de détente rapide 13 et il est placé symétriquement au premier tube 10a par rapport à un axe de pivot 14 solidaire d'une platine 15.Each tube 10a and 10b comprises a rapid expansion means 13 which prohibits (or authorizes as necessary) the direct passage of gas between the tube 10 and the secondary reservoir 6. The second tube 10b also comprises a rapid expansion means 13 and it is placed symmetrically with the first tube 10a with respect to a pivot axis 14 integral with a plate 15.

La platine 15 comporte une fenêtre 16 placée en vis à vis du second tube 10b. Cette fenêtre 16 sert au rechargement en projectile 9 du second tube 10b. Les deux tubes 10a et 10b sont solidaires et peuvent pivoter ensemble autour de l'axe 14 de manière à pouvoir placer un tube contenant un projectile 9 prêt à être lancé en regard de l'ouverture 17 du réservoir secondaire 16 et un tube vide en regard de la fenêtre 16 de rechargement. On notera que lors de la rotation des tubes, la pression dans le réservoir secondaire est à la pression atmosphérique. La remise en pression de tir du réservoir secondaire 6 se fait quand un tube chargé est en face de l'ouverture 17 et que l'étanchéité est assurée.The plate 15 has a window 16 placed opposite the second tube 10b. This window 16 is used for projectile refilling 9 of the second tube 10b. The two tubes 10a and 10b are integral and can pivot together about the axis 14 so as to place a tube containing a projectile 9 ready to be launched opposite the opening 17 of the secondary reservoir 16 and an empty tube facing of the window 16 of reloading. It will be noted that during the rotation of the tubes, the pressure in the secondary tank is at atmospheric pressure. The repressurization of fire of the secondary reservoir 6 is done when a loaded tube is opposite the opening 17 and the sealing is ensured.

Selon la figure 3 (partie haute), le moyen de détente rapide comporte un moyen d'obturation 51 du tube 10 qui est lié au tube 10 par un moyen de verrouillage 43 libérable. Le moyen d'obturation 51 est formé par un bouchon de poussée 51 solidarisable avec la partie arrière du projectile 9 et pouvant coulisser à l'intérieur du tube 10.According to figure 3 (High part), the rapid detent means comprises a closure means 51 of the tube 10 which is connected to the tube 10 by a releasable locking means 43. The sealing means 51 is formed by a thrust plug 51 that can be fixed with the rear part of the projectile 9 and is slidable inside the tube 10.

Ce bouchon 51 est représenté selon un mode particulier de réalisation à la figure 5 en position prêt au tir forme un moyen de poussée 51 du projectile 9. Il comporte une partie arrière 55a ayant un diamètre externe sensiblement égal à celui du tube 10, le jeu relatif est choisi de manière à former le meilleur compromis entre étanchéité et frottement dans le tube 10. On pourra prévoir un joint d'étanchéité torique périphérique ou à lèvres (non représenté) sur la partie arrière 55a.This plug 51 is shown according to a particular embodiment of the invention. figure 5 in the firing position forms a thrust means 51 of the projectile 9. It comprises a rear portion 55a having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the tube 10, the relative clearance is chosen so as to form the best compromise between sealing and friction in the tube 10. It may be provided a peripheral ring or lip seal (not shown) on the rear portion 55a.

Le bouchon 51 comporte aussi une partie avant 55b de diamètre réduit qui se loge à l'intérieur de la queue 9a du projectile 9. Le bouchon 51 comporte un alésage axial 59 prolongé au niveau de la partie arrière 55a par un lamage 60. Un barreau 57 solidaire d'une plaque de pression 56 se loge dans l'alésage axial 59, la plaque de pression 56 se positionnant dans le lamage 60. Le barreau 57 peut coulisser coaxialement au projectile 9 dans l'alésage 59.The plug 51 also has a front portion 55b of reduced diameter which is housed inside the tail 9a of the projectile 9. The plug 51 has an axial bore 59 extended at the rear portion 55a by a counterbore 60. A bar 57 integral with a pressure plate 56 is housed in the axial bore 59, the pressure plate 56 is positioned in the countersink 60. The bar 57 can slide coaxially with the projectile 9 in the bore 59.

Comme on le voit à la figure 5, l'alésage 59 comporte une partie de plus grand diamètre 61 (ou évasement 61) et la partie avant 55b du bouchon 51 est par ailleurs divisée en au moins deux parties par des fentes longitudinales (non représentées).As we see in figure 5 the bore 59 has a larger diameter portion 61 (or flare 61) and the front portion 55b of the plug 51 is further divided into at least two portions by longitudinal slots (not shown).

L'extrémité avant du barreau 57 comporte un renflement 58 ayant un diamètre externe supérieur au diamètre interne de l'extrémité avant 62 du bouchon 51. Ce renflement 58 est séparé du reste du barreau par une gorge 66. Dans la position du barreau visible à la figure 5, le renflement 58 est positionné en regard de l'extrémité 62 de la partie avant 55b du bouchon 51. Le diamètre de l'alésage 59 étant le même de chaque côté de l'évasement 61, le renflement 58 exerce alors un effort radial sur l'extrémité 62 de la partie avant 55b du bouchon placée dans la queue de projectile 9. Du fait des fentes aménagées à ce niveau, le renflement 58 provoque l'expansion radiale de cette extrémité 62 et bloque ainsi le bouchon 51 dans la queue de projectile 9. De cette manière le projectile est solidaire du bouchon et peut être introduit dans le tube 10.The front end of the bar 57 has a bulge 58 having an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the front end 62 of the cap 51. This bulge 58 is separated from the rest of the bar by a groove 66. In the position of the bar visible to the figure 5 , the bulge 58 is positioned facing the end 62 of the front portion 55b of the cap 51. The diameter of the bore 59 is the same on each side of the flare 61, the bulge 58 then exerts a radial force on the end 62 of the front portion 55b of the plug placed in the projectile tail 9. Because of the slots provided at this level, the bulge 58 causes the radial expansion of this end 62 and thus blocks the plug 51 in the tail of In this way the projectile is secured to the plug and can be introduced into the tube 10.

En se reportant à la figure 3, lorsque le projectile 9 est à poste, prêt au tir, le bouchon 51 est bloqué par rapport au tube 10 par un moyen de verrouillage 43 pour empêcher son avance dans le tube 10. Le moyen de verrouillage 43 comprend au moins un obstacle 52 qui est formé ici par des billes 52 qui interférent avec un chanfrein 53 situé à la périphérie avant du bouchon 51. Chaque bille 52 est partiellement logée dans un perçage 54 traversant l'épaisseur de la paroi du tube 10. Lorsque la pression est introduite dans la chambre secondaire 6, celle ci s'exerce sur le moyen d'obturation 51, la poussée du chanfrein 53 sur les billes 52 tend à les éjecter radialement au travers de leurs perçages 54.Referring to the figure 3 when the projectile 9 is stationary, ready to fire, the plug 51 is locked relative to the tube 10 by a locking means 43 to prevent its advance in the tube 10. The locking means 43 comprises at least one obstacle 52 which is formed here by balls 52 which interfere with a chamfer 53 located at the front periphery of the plug 51. Each ball 52 is partially housed in a bore 54 passing through the thickness of the wall of the tube 10. When the pressure is introduced into the secondary chamber 6, it is exerted on the closure means 51 , the thrust of the chamfer 53 on the balls 52 tends to eject them radially through their holes 54.

Ce mouvement des billes est bloqué ou permis par le coulissement d'une bague 63 entourant l'extérieur du tube 10.This movement of the balls is blocked or allowed by the sliding of a ring 63 surrounding the outside of the tube 10.

La bague 63 comporte dans sa partie interne au moins une gorge interne 64 destinée à être placée en face du perçage 54 et à recevoir tout ou partie de la bille 52 lorsque le tir est déclenché comme visible à la figure 3 (partie basse).The ring 63 has in its internal part at least one internal groove 64 intended to be placed in front of the bore 54 and to receive all or part of the ball 52 when the firing is triggered as visible at the figure 3 (lower part).

La bague 63 comporte également une zone 65 en correspondance avec le diamètre extérieur du tube 10 et qui interdit la sortie des billes 52 hors de leurs perçages 54 lorsque le tir est interdit. La bague 63 est repoussée vers la position interdisant le tir par l'action d'un ressort de compression 45 qui est en appui sur un épaulement 47 du tube 10. Un anneau à collerette 44 solidaire de la bague 63, bride la course de la bague 63 lorsqu'elle subit la poussée du ressort 45, la collerette de l'anneau 44 venant en appui sur l'épaulement 47.The ring 63 also comprises a zone 65 in correspondence with the outside diameter of the tube 10 and which prevents the balls 52 from leaving their holes 54 when firing is prohibited. The ring 63 is pushed back towards the position prohibiting firing by the action of a compression spring 45 which bears on a shoulder 47 of the tube 10. A flanged ring 44 integral with the ring 63, restricts the stroke of the ring 63 when it undergoes the thrust of the spring 45, the collar of the ring 44 bearing on the shoulder 47.

Selon la figure 3 partie basse, un coulissement de la bague 63 vers l'avant du tube 10 positionne le logement 64 en regard de chacune des billes 52. La pression accumulée derrière le bouchon 51 fait avancer celui-ci qui pousse les billes 52 vers les logements 64. Celles ci ne font dès lors plus obstacle au bouchon 51 qui propulse le projectile 9 dans le tube 10.According to figure 3 lower part, a sliding of the ring 63 towards the front of the tube 10 positions the housing 64 facing each of the balls 52. The pressure accumulated behind the cap 51 advances it which pushes the balls 52 to the housing 64. These therefore no longer obstruct the plug 51 which propels the projectile 9 into the tube 10.

Dès la mise sous pression de la chambre secondaire 6, on peut observer sur la figure 6 qu'au niveau du bouchon 51, la plaque de poussée 56 fait coulisser le barreau 57 vers l'avant du projectile (projectile non représenté). Ainsi le renflement 58 est placé hors de la partie avant 55b du bouchon 51. L'expansion de l'extrémité 62 de cette partie avant 55b n'est plus maintenue. Dès lors le projectile 9 n'est plus solidaire du bouchon 51. Le bouchon 51 pousse le projectile hors du tube et, une fois sorti du tube, il se sépare du projectile en vol par l'action de la pression aérodynamique s'exerçant sur la partie arrière 55a du bouchon 51.As soon as the secondary chamber 6 is pressurized, it can be observed on the figure 6 that at the plug 51, the thrust plate 56 slides the bar 57 towards the front of the projectile (projectile not shown). So the bulge 58 is placed out of the front portion 55b of the cap 51. The expansion of the end 62 of this front portion 55b is no longer maintained. Therefore the projectile 9 is no longer secured to the plug 51. The plug 51 pushes the projectile out of the tube and, once out of the tube, it separates from the projectile in flight by the action of the aerodynamic pressure exerted on the rear portion 55a of the cap 51.

Selon le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 2, l'ouverture 17 du réservoir secondaire 6 est au diamètre du tube et correspond directement avec celui ci. De cette manière les pertes de charges sont extrêmement limitées.According to the embodiment illustrated in figure 2 , the opening 17 of the secondary reservoir 6 is the tube diameter and corresponds directly with it. In this way the pressure losses are extremely limited.

Selon un mode de réalisation non représenté, le moyen de blocage peut comporter une cale comportant un profil incliné en correspondance avec un chanfrein du bouchon ou une gorge de celui ci. Cette alternative proposée permet de réduire la pression de contact entre bouchon et moyen de blocage selon l'effort désiré pour la commande de tir.According to an embodiment not shown, the locking means may comprise a wedge having an inclined profile in correspondence with a chamfer of the plug or a groove thereof. This proposed alternative reduces the contact pressure between cap and locking means according to the desired effort for the firing control.

Claims (11)

  1. A pneumatic launching device (1) for launching a projectile (9) requiring to be armed by firing pulse, the device comprising at least one launching tube (10) for receiving the projectile (9) and a compressor (3) for supplying a primary tank (2) with pressurized gas, the primary tank (2) supplying in turn with pressurized gas, and via a first valve (7), a secondary tank (6) which is connected to the tube (10) via a rapid expansion means (13), the launching device being configured to supply the secondary tank (6) at a fixed pressure, the secondary tank (6) further comprising an opening (17) having substantially the same diameter as the launching tube (10), the launching tube (10) being directly positioned facing the opening (17), characterized in that the tank is provided with means (6a, 6b, 6c) allowing to change its inner volume (V) before the pressurization so as to obtain the desired range for the projectile (9), the rapid expansion means (13) comprises a plug (51) for closing the tube (10), which can be made integral with the rear part of the projectile (9) and which can be connected to the tube (10) by a release locking means (43).
  2. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary tank (2) encloses a movable piston (6b) the movement of which allows to change the inner volume (V) of the secondary tank (2).
  3. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the movement of the piston (6b) is controlled by a driving means.
  4. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the locking means (43) comprises at least one obstacle (52) arranged within a radial hole (54) of the tube (10) and comprising one end engaged against a surface of the closing means (51), the obstacle (52) being held in a locking position by a sliding ring (63) surrounding the tube (10).
  5. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the ring (63) comprises an inner groove (64) in which the obstacle (62) in an unlocking position can be accommodated.
  6. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the ring (63) is integral with a flange ring (44) which slides on the tube (10) and abuts against a shoulder (47) of the tube in the locking position, a spring (45) being interposed between the ring (63) and the shoulder (47) to hold the ring in the locking position.
  7. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plug (51) comprises a rear part (55a) with a diameter substantially equal to that of the tube (10), as well as a front part (55b) with a reduced diameter, intended to be accommodated within a tail (9a) of the projectile (9).
  8. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the plug (51) comprises an axial bore (59) in which a bar (57) is intended to slide, the bar (57) comprising a bulge (58) and the sliding of the bar (57) allowing to place the bulge (58) out of the front part (55b) or facing one split end (62) of the front part (55b) to cause the expansion thereof.
  9. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the bar (57) comprises a groove (66) which, during the sliding of the bar (57), can be positioned facing the end (62) of the front part (55b), the bulge (58) being then out of the front part (55b) of the plug (51) the expansion of which is no longer maintained.
  10. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the plug (51) comprises an axial bore (59) extended at the rear part (55a) by a counterbore (60) intended to let a pressure plate (56), integral with one end of the bar (57), slide.
  11. The pneumatic launching device (1) according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises at least two tubes (10a,10b) parallel and symmetric with respect to a pivot (14) parallel to the tubes (10a,10b), the tubes (10a,10b) being pivotally mounted on a platen (15) carrying the pivot (14), the platen (15) comprising a window (16) with the same diameter as the tubes (10a,10b) and in front of which is positioned one of the tubes (10a) when the other tube (10b) is facing the opening (17) of the secondary tank (2).
EP13153973.6A 2012-02-06 2013-02-05 Pneumatic launching device Active EP2623918B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13153973T PL2623918T3 (en) 2012-02-06 2013-02-05 Pneumatic launching device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1200365A FR2986611B1 (en) 2012-02-06 2012-02-06 PNEUMATIC LAUNCH DEVICE

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EP2623918A1 EP2623918A1 (en) 2013-08-07
EP2623918B1 true EP2623918B1 (en) 2016-08-24

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EP (1) EP2623918B1 (en)
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FR (1) FR2986611B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2623918T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023280590A1 (en) * 2021-07-06 2023-01-12 Edmiston, James Projectile carrier for a valveless gas gun

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US399882A (en) * 1889-03-19 James weir graydon
US2960977A (en) 1959-04-21 1960-11-22 Jr Seth B Moorhead Variable velocity pneumatic gun system
US5282455A (en) * 1992-06-11 1994-02-01 The Walt Disney Company Launcher for launching multiple fireworks projectiles
WO2005063344A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-14 Benetti, Claudio An apparatus for launching balls for sports practice
DE102009039549A1 (en) * 2009-09-01 2011-03-03 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Pneumatic launcher
DE102009058049B4 (en) * 2009-12-14 2013-06-06 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Pneumatic launcher

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023280590A1 (en) * 2021-07-06 2023-01-12 Edmiston, James Projectile carrier for a valveless gas gun

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EP2623918A1 (en) 2013-08-07
FR2986611A1 (en) 2013-08-09
FR2986611B1 (en) 2014-09-05
PL2623918T3 (en) 2017-07-31
ES2602903T3 (en) 2017-02-22

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