EP2518428A2 - Echangeur thermique à empilement - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique à empilement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2518428A2
EP2518428A2 EP12165983A EP12165983A EP2518428A2 EP 2518428 A2 EP2518428 A2 EP 2518428A2 EP 12165983 A EP12165983 A EP 12165983A EP 12165983 A EP12165983 A EP 12165983A EP 2518428 A2 EP2518428 A2 EP 2518428A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
alloy
layer heat
cover plates
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12165983A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2518428B1 (fr
EP2518428A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Heinrich Angermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2518428A2 publication Critical patent/EP2518428A2/fr
Publication of EP2518428A3 publication Critical patent/EP2518428A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2518428B1 publication Critical patent/EP2518428B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
    • F28F21/083—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys from stainless steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a layer heat exchanger, in particular welded ferritic heat exchanger for high temperature applications, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a layer heat exchanger for example, by the applicant in the DE 10328274 A1 disclosed.
  • cover plates - suitable contoured sheets, possibly alternating with solder sheets, stacked in a Kassettiervorraum, suitably pre-pressed and welded while maintaining the tension boxes.
  • These boxes have the double benefit of being a lost soldering device to maintain the bias and to ensure the supply of material to the heat exchanger.
  • solder foils are not to be used, solder can also be supplied externally in a variety of ways before the boxes are welded on.
  • the thus pretreated layer heat exchanger is then sealed by soldering.
  • the Applicant discloses a layer heat exchanger, wherein the innerberichterypodtock is mechanically separated from the outer sealing housing by a decoupling device.
  • the decoupling device for example, a mineral fiber mat or a molded wire mesh, possibly with filling or foil cladding.
  • the disadvantage here is that although the thermo-mechanical decoupling is ensured, however, via the decoupling device, a leakage current from one flood to the other flood takes place, which affects the heat transfer performance.
  • the DE 10 2009 022 984 A1 discloses a heat exchanger which, relative to a soft core of, for example, Al-containing ferritic stainless steels, has a high-temperature-resistant housing, consisting for example of a Ni alloy.
  • the core is highly ductile to absorb stresses during high heating.
  • the base material contains enough aluminum to minimize corrosion phenomena such as oxidation or Cr evaporation.
  • the high strength and heat resistance of the box material ensures that the component remains tight to the outside, so that hydrogen can not escape under any circumstances.
  • a disadvantage of the known from the prior art Schichtskaschreibtragern, in particular the DE 10 2009 022 984 A1 is, however, that when used in conjunction with an APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) and the long run times of 15 to 20 Th, so much aluminum from the Al-containing ferritic base material diffuses into the cover plate and card material made of Ni alloys in the Al-containing ferrites the critical content of Al is exceeded, in order to be able to form the protective Al 2 O 3 layer. This leads to a so-called breakaway (catastrophic) oxidation with development of leaks in the layer heat exchanger.
  • APU Advanced Power Unit
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved layer heat exchanger of the type mentioned.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the cover plates and / or the housing of the Schichtumbleschreibtragers production moderately aluminum is added.
  • Manufacturing means here means that the cover plates and / or the housing of the Schicht3,esttragers already before the first operational use has a certain aluminum content.
  • a first embodiment provides that an alloy containing aluminum is provided for the cover plates and / or the housing in terms of production.
  • an alloy which already contains Al is selected for the production of the cover plates and / or the housing. This results in particular in a long-term corrosion-resistant weld joint of the Ni alloy (housing material) and the Al-containing ferritic stainless steel in the context of the application NKW (Nutz-Kraft-Wagen) -APU (Auxiliary Power Unit).
  • a further embodiment provides that a nickel alloy with at least 1.8 wt .-% aluminum is provided for the cover plates and / or the housing production moderately.
  • An alloy to be used could be the Nicrofer 6025 HHT alloy from ThyssenKrupp.
  • the alloy of the cover plates and / or the housing may also have higher Al values.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that for the cover plates and / or the housing an aluminized material is provided with on a semi-finished material, in particular by heat treatment, on or introduced aluminum.
  • the Al is therefore not from the outset included as an alloying ingredient in the material, but is in a subsequent Process on the semi-finished material and possibly introduced by a heat treatment.
  • Applicable methods for depositing aluminum may be, for example, the fire aluminizing or the coating by means of chemical or electrochemical processes.
  • the aluminum can be introduced by powder packing or gas phase alters and / or introduced into the base material.
  • the Al content on and / or in the surface is inventively chosen so that even after a long time (several thousand hours) at high temperature, eg 900 ° C, while the Al content of coated semi-finished depending on the semifinished product thickness as a result of diffusion, the Al content of the Al 2 O 3 layer (interface) does not fall below 1.8% by weight,
  • an Al-containing ferritic alloy as box and / or cover plate material, wherein its strength, in particular the hot strength must be greater than that of the ferritic Al-containing Fe-based folded sheet material.
  • Advantages of such a material because the formation of strength-reducing NiAl phases is prevented (by diffusion of Al in a Ni-containing box and / or cover plate material) at the interface folding box / box or folding plate / cover plate, since the ferritic materials usually no Ni included. Should the ferritic Al-containing valuable material still contain Ni, then the proportion must be limited to ⁇ 10 wt .-%, in particular ⁇ 5 wt .-%.
  • an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy with (in wt .-%) 2.0 to 4.5% Al, 12 to 25% Cr, 1.0 to 4% W, 0.25 to 2.0% Nb, 0.05 to 1.2% Si, 0.001 to 0.70% Mn, 0.001 to 0.030% C, 0.0001 to 0.05% Mg, 0.0001 to 0.03% Ca, 0.001 to 0.030% P, marx. 0.03% N, max. 0.01% S, balance iron and the usual melting impurities.
  • the elevated thermal resistance characteristics are provided by Laves phases. Mischkristallvedest Trent and finely divided carbides achieved.
  • Al-containing ferritic ODS (oxide dispersion strengthened) Fe-based alloy is also possible.
  • Another variant is to use one of the aforementioned FeCrAl alloys for the boxes and a high-strength Al-containing Ni alloy as the cover plate material.
  • the advantage here is that no NiAl-excretions can form in the thermo-mechanically particularly stressed area between folded sheet metal block and welded boxes, but for the high voltages exposed cover plate, a high-strength alloy is used.
  • the layer heat exchanger can preferably be designed for operation with and / or for an auxiliary power application for high-temperature fuel cells, in particular in mobile vehicles.
  • the single FIGURE shows a layer heat exchanger 1 with its individual components in an exploded view.
  • the layer heat exchanger 1 consists on the one hand of a roughly cube-shaped or parallelepiped-shaped layer block 2, which is bounded by four end faces and two top surfaces. At the four end faces collecting tanks 3, 4, 5, 6 are used, which serve the supply and discharge of a first and a second heat exchanger medium. The top surfaces are closed by cover plates 7, 8.
  • the layer block 2 is shown above the Schichthoffauertragers 1 in an exploded view as a stack, which consists of contoured layer plates 9, 10th and consists of the two cover plates 7, 8.
  • the stack or layer block 2 can be completed and braced in a Kassettiervorraum, not shown. Thereafter, the fixation of the stack.
  • the cover plates 7, 8 or the housing 11 formed by the individual elements of the Schichtumbleübertragers 1 in this case have a certain, already existing before the first operational use, aluminum content.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP12165983.3A 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 Echangeur thermique à empilement Active EP2518428B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202011005693U DE202011005693U1 (de) 2011-04-28 2011-04-28 Schichtwärmeübertager

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2518428A2 true EP2518428A2 (fr) 2012-10-31
EP2518428A3 EP2518428A3 (fr) 2014-04-16
EP2518428B1 EP2518428B1 (fr) 2021-05-19

Family

ID=44860009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12165983.3A Active EP2518428B1 (fr) 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 Echangeur thermique à empilement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9541333B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2518428B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202011005693U1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106839833A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-13 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种印刷电路板式熔盐气体换热器
CN106895725A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-27 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种双层板排列的印刷电路板式熔盐换热器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT512795B1 (de) * 2012-07-09 2013-11-15 Avl List Gmbh Plattenwärmetauscher
EP2846121B1 (fr) * 2013-09-10 2017-12-27 Kelvion PHE GmbH Echangeur de chaleur à plaques à haute pression
US10458714B2 (en) * 2017-08-15 2019-10-29 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger assembly

Citations (2)

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DE10328274A1 (de) 2002-06-21 2004-01-08 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtwärmeübertragers und Schichtwärmeübertrager
DE102007056182A1 (de) 2006-11-21 2008-05-29 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Schichtwärmeübertrager mit Entkopplungsvorrichtung

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106839833A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-13 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种印刷电路板式熔盐气体换热器
CN106895725A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-06-27 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种双层板排列的印刷电路板式熔盐换热器
CN106839833B (zh) * 2017-03-09 2019-12-10 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种印刷电路板式熔盐气体换热器
CN106895725B (zh) * 2017-03-09 2020-02-07 中国科学院上海高等研究院 一种双层板排列的印刷电路板式熔盐换热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9541333B2 (en) 2017-01-10
EP2518428B1 (fr) 2021-05-19
US20120273173A1 (en) 2012-11-01
EP2518428A3 (fr) 2014-04-16
DE202011005693U1 (de) 2011-09-26

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