EP2515053B1 - Climatiseur multi-type et procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Climatiseur multi-type et procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2515053B1
EP2515053B1 EP12161711.2A EP12161711A EP2515053B1 EP 2515053 B1 EP2515053 B1 EP 2515053B1 EP 12161711 A EP12161711 A EP 12161711A EP 2515053 B1 EP2515053 B1 EP 2515053B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outdoor
heat exchanger
defrosting operation
units
air conditioner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12161711.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2515053A2 (fr
EP2515053A3 (fr
Inventor
Hoki Lee
Sanghun Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2515053A2 publication Critical patent/EP2515053A2/fr
Publication of EP2515053A3 publication Critical patent/EP2515053A3/fr
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Publication of EP2515053B1 publication Critical patent/EP2515053B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0251—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units being defrosted alternately
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/029—Control issues
    • F25B2313/0294—Control issues related to the outdoor fan, e.g. controlling speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
    • F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
    • F25B2347/021—Alternate defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a multi type air conditioner.
  • air conditioners are equipments for cooling/heating an indoor space or purifying indoor air using a refrigerant cycle of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator to provide comfort indoor environment to users.
  • Such an air conditioner is classified into an air conditioner in which a single indoor unit is connected to a single outdoor unit and a multi type air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are connected to a single outdoor unit to provide effects similar to that of a plurality of air conditioners.
  • the multi type air conditioner may include a plurality of indoor units and a plurality of outdoor units.
  • Each of the outdoor units includes an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Each of the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into an upper heat exchanger part and a lower heat exchanger part on the basis of a flow of a refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant independently flows into the upper and lower heat exchanger parts.
  • a defrosting operation should be performed.
  • the frost on the upper heat exchanger part of each of the plurality of outdoor heat exchangers is removed first. Then, when the frost on the upper heat exchanger part is completely removed, the frost on the lower heat exchanger part is removed.
  • a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant discharged from a compression unit is bypassed to flow into the heat exchanger part in which the defrosting operation is performed.
  • the frost on the upper heat exchanger part is completely removed and then the frost on the lower heat exchanger part is removed, the frost on a boundary between the upper heat exchanger part and the lower heat exchanger part may not be smoothly removed. Thus, the frost may remain on the boundary.
  • an amount of refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger may be less. Thus, it may take relatively lone time to remove the frost.
  • KR 100 820 821 B1 discloses an air conditioner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Related art is shown in EP 1 475 585 A2 .
  • Embodiments provide a multi type air conditioner in which a defrosting operation is performed in a state where deterioration of heating performance is minimized.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an air conditioner according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant cycle of the multi type air conditioner.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a refrigerant flow when the multi type air conditioner performs a heating operation.
  • the multi type air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2 connected to the outdoor unit 1 through a distributor 3.
  • the outdoor unit 1 includes a plurality of outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14.
  • the indoor unit 2 includes a plurality of indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24.
  • the four indoor units are connected to the four outdoor units in the current embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited to the number of indoor unit and outdoor unit. That is, two or more indoor units may be connected to two or more outdoor units. Here, the number of indoor unit may be greater than that of outdoor unit.
  • the outdoor unit 1 includes a first outdoor unit 11, a second outdoor unit 12, a third outdoor unit 13, and a fourth outdoor unit 14.
  • the first outdoor unit 11 has the same constitution as that of each of the second to fourth outdoor units 12, 13, and 14. Thus, only the constitution of the first outdoor unit 11 will be described below.
  • the descriptions with respect to the first outdoor unit 11 may be equally applied to those of the second to fourth outdoor units.
  • reference numerals used for explaining the constitutions of the first outdoor unit 11 may be equally applied to those of the second to fourth outdoor units except for reference numerals necessary for explaining the present disclosure.
  • Each of the outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14 includes a compression unit 110 for compressing a refrigerant and outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 in which outdoor air is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant.
  • the compression unit 110 may include one or more compressors.
  • the compression unit 110 including a plurality of compressors 111, 112, and 113 will be described as an example.
  • a portion of the plurality of compressors 111, 112, and 113 may be an inverter compressor 111 having variable capacity, and other portions may be a constant-speed compressors 112 and 113.
  • the plurality of compressors 111, 112, and 113 may be disposed in parallel.
  • a portion of the plurality of compressors 111, 112, and 113 or the whole compressors 111, 112, and 113 may be operation according to the capacity of the indoor unit.
  • a discharge side tube of each of the compressors 111, 112, and 113 includes an individual tube 118 and a joint tube 119. That is, the individual tube 118 of each of the compressors 111, 112, and 113 is jointed to the joint tube 119.
  • the individual tube 118 may include an oil separator 114, 115, or 116 for separating oil from the refrigerant, a temperature sensor 126 for detecting a temperature of the compressed refrigerant, and a compression sensor 127 for detecting a pressure of the compressed refrigerant.
  • the joint tube 119 is connected to a plurality of four-way valves 121 and 122 for switching a flow of the refrigerant.
  • the plurality of four-way valves 121 and 122 include a first four-way valve 121 and a second four-way valve 122.
  • the first and second four-way valves 121 and 122 are disposed in parallel.
  • Each of the four-way valves 121 and 122 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 through first connection tubes 123 and 124.
  • the first connection tubes 123 and 124 include a first heat exchanger part connection tube 123 and a second heat exchanger connection tube 124.
  • Each of the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 may include a plurality of heat exchanger parts.
  • the plurality of heat exchanger parts includes a first heat exchanger part 131 and a second heat exchanger part 132.
  • the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132 may be independent heat exchangers separated from each other or heat exchangers divided into two parts in a single outdoor heat exchanger based on the refrigerant flow.
  • the first four-way valve 121 is connected to the first heat exchanger part 131 through the first heat exchanger part connection tube 123
  • the second four-way valve 122 is connected to the second heat exchanger part 132 through the second heat exchanger part connection tube 124.
  • the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132 are disposed in parallel.
  • the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132 may be horizontally or vertically disposed with respect to each other.
  • the refrigerant may flow into each of the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132 or one of the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132.
  • the refrigerant may flow into the first heat exchanger part 131 in a direction opposite to that of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger part 132. That is, the first and second heat exchanger parts 131 and 132 may be independently operated. That is, each of the heat exchangers may independently serve as a condenser or an evaporator.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into the plurality of heat exchanger parts and includes the plurality of four-way valves in the current embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • a single four-way valve may be connected to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant within the outdoor heat exchanger may be heat-exchanged with outdoor air blowing by a fan motor assembly 140 (including an outdoor fan and a fan motor).
  • the fan motor assembly may be provided in one or plurality.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates two outdoor fan motor assemblies.
  • each of the four-way valves 121 and 122 may be connected to an accumulator 135 through the second connection tube 134. Also, each of the four-way valves 121 and 122 may be connected to closed tubes 121a and 122a.
  • Each of the outdoor units 11, 12, and 13, and 14 may further include an outdoor expansion mechanism 150.
  • the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 does not expand a refrigerant when the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 passes, but expand a refrigerant when the refrigerant which does not pass through the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 passes.
  • the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 includes a first outdoor expansion valve 151 corresponding to the first heat exchanger part 131 and a second outdoor expansion valve 152 corresponding to the second heat exchanger part 132.
  • the first and second outdoor expansion valves 151 and 152 are disposed in parallel. That is, the refrigerant expanded by the first outdoor expansion valve 151 may flow into the first heat exchanger part 131, and the refrigerant expanded by the second outdoor expansion valve 152 may flow into the second heat exchanger part 132.
  • each of the outdoor expansion valves 151 and 152 may be an electronic expansion valve (EEV).
  • Each of the outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14 is connected to the distributor 3 through a low pressure gas tube 311 and a low pressure connection tube 312. Also, each of the outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14 is connected to the distributor 3 through a high pressure tube 321 and a high pressure connection tube 322. Also, each of the outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14 is connected to the distributor 3 through a liquid tube and a liquid connection tube 332.
  • the low pressure tube 311 is connected to the second connection tube 134 and the low pressure connection tube 312.
  • the high pressure tube 321 is connected to the joint tube 119 and the high pressure connection tube 322 which are disposed downward from the four-way valves 121 and 122.
  • the liquid tube 331 is connected to the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 and the liquid connection tube 332.
  • the distributor 3 is connected to the plurality of indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24 and the outdoor unit 1 to control the refrigerant flow.
  • the distributor 3 is connected to each of the indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24 through an indoor gas tube 313 and an indoor liquid tube 333.
  • the distributor 3 includes a low pressure gas pipe 31, a high pressure gas pipe 32, a liquid pipe 33, a low pressure valve 314, and a high pressure valve 324.
  • the low pressure connection tube 312 and the indoor gas tube 313 are connected to the low pressure gas pipe 31, and the indoor liquid tube 333 and the liquid connection tube 332 are connected to the liquid pipe 33.
  • the high pressure connection tube 322 and a branch tube 323 connected to the indoor liquid tube 333 are connected to the high pressure gas pipe 32.
  • the low pressure gas tube 311 includes first valves 315 and 316
  • the high pressure gas tube 321 includes second valves 325 and 326
  • the liquid tube 331 includes third valves 335 and 336.
  • the indoor gas tube 313 includes the low pressure valve 314, and the high pressure valve 324 is connected to the branch tube 323.
  • the low pressure valve 314 and the high pressure valve 324 may be an EEV in which an opening degree thereof is adjusted linearly or in a stepwise fashion.
  • Each of the indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24 includes indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241, indoor fans 212, 222, 232, and 242, and indoor expansion mechanisms 213, 223, 233, and 243.
  • each of the indoor expansion mechanisms 213, 223, 233, and 243 may be an EEV.
  • a heating operation i.e., when one or more indoor units perform a heating operation (for example, the four indoor units perform the heating operation in Fig. 1 )
  • the low pressure valve 314 is closed, and the high pressure valve 324 is opened.
  • the first valves 315 and 316 disposed in the low pressure gas tube 311 may be closed.
  • the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression unit 110 flows into the high pressure gas pipe 32 along the high pressure gas tube 321 by adjusting the refrigerant flow through the four-way valves 121 and 122.
  • the joint tube 119 communicates with the closed tubes 121a and 122a by the four-way valves 121 and 122, the refrigerant does not flow from an end of the closed tubes 121a and 122a any more and thus flows along the high pressure gas tube 321.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the high pressure gas pipe 32 flows into each of the indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241 through the branch tube 323 and the indoor gas tube 313. Then, the refrigerant is condensed in the indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241 and passes through the indoor expansion mechanisms 213, 223, 233, and 243 without being expanded to flow into the liquid pipe 33 through the indoor liquid tube 333.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the liquid pipe 33 flows along the liquid connection tube and the liquid tube 331. Then, the refrigerant is expanded by the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 to flow into the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220.
  • the refrigerant is evaporated while passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220, and then the refrigerant passes through each of the four-way valves 121 and 122 to flow into the accumulator 135.
  • a gaseous refrigerant of the refrigerant introduced into the accumulator 135 is introduced into the compression unit 110.
  • frost may occur on the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220.
  • a defrosting operation for removing the frost from the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 is required. The defrosting operation will be described later.
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when the multi type air conditioner performs a cooling operation.
  • the multi type air conditioner When the multi type air conditioner performs a cooling operation, i.e., when one or more indoor units perform a cooling operation (for example, the four indoor units perform the cooling operation in Fig. 3 ), a refrigerant discharged from the compression unit 130 of the plurality of outdoor units 11, 12, 13, and 14 flows toward the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220.
  • the high pressure valve 324 is closed, and the low pressure valve 314 is opened.
  • the second valves 325 and 326 disposed in the high pressure gas tube 321 may be closed.
  • the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression unit 110 flows into each of the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 along the first connection tubes 123 and 124 by adjusting the refrigerant flow through the four-way valves 121 and 122. Then, the refrigerant is condensed while passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 130, 200, 210, and 220 to pass through the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 without being expanded.
  • the refrigerant passing through the outdoor expansion mechanism 150 flows into the liquid pipe 33 along the liquid tube 331 and the liquid connection tube 332.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the liquid pipe 33 is expanded while passing through the indoor liquid tube 333 to flow into each of the indoor expansion mechanisms 213, 223, 233, and 243.
  • the expanded refrigerant is evaporated while passing through each of the indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241.
  • the evaporated refrigerant flows into the low pressure gas pipe 31 along the indoor gas tube 313.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the low pressure gas pipe 31 flows into the second connection tube 134 along the low pressure connection tube 312 and the low pressure gas tube 311.
  • the refrigerant is introduced into the accumulator 135.
  • a gaseous refrigerant of the refrigerant introduced into the accumulator 135 is introduced into the compression unit 110.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart explaining a method of controlling the multi type air conditioner.
  • Figs. 5 to 8 are schematic views illustrating successive defrosting operations of the plurality of outdoor units.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 are circuit diagrams illustrating a refrigerant flow when a specific outdoor unit performs a defrosting operation.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a refrigerant flow when a fourth outdoor unit performs a defrosting operation
  • Fig. 10 illustrates a refrigerant flow when a first outdoor unit performs a defrosting operation.
  • the multi type air conditioner performs a heating operation by a heating operation command in operation S1.
  • a control unit determines that defrosting operation conditions are satisfied during the heating operation of the multi type air conditioner.
  • whether the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied may be determined by comparing an outlet tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger to an outdoor temperature.
  • time points at which the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied in the plurality of outdoor units may be similar to each other.
  • the time points at which the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied in the outdoor units may be different from each other.
  • the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied in the whole outdoor units or in the reference number of outdoor units.
  • whether the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied may be determined through various methods except for the above-described method. That is, the present disclosure is not limited to a method for determining whether the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied.
  • the multi type air conditioner is operated in a defrosting operation mode.
  • the plurality of outdoor units may be successively operated in the defrosting operation mode. That is, one outdoor unit performs the defrosting operation, and the remaining outdoor units perform the heating operation. When one outdoor unit completely performs the defrosting operation, the next outdoor unit performs the defrosting operation.
  • an order of the outdoor units performing the defrosting operation is decided by capacity (heat exchange capacitor) of each of the outdoor units. That is, in case where the whole or portions of the outdoor units may have capacities different from each other, the outdoor unit having relatively small capacity performs the defrosting operation first. If the whole or portions of the outdoor units have the same capacity, the outdoor units perform the defrosting operation according to a preset order. That is, when products are manufactured, the order of the outdoor units performing the defrosting operation may be previously decided, and this order may be stored in a memory (not shown). When the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied, the defrosting operation may be performed according to the preset order. Here, a change of the previously decided order may be impossible or possible.
  • the order of the outdoor units performing the defrosting operation may be decided whenever the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied.
  • the outdoor units may perform the defrosting operation in an order from time the fastest time points at which the defrosting operation conditions are satisfied.
  • the outdoor units perform the defrosting operation in an order of a fourth indoor unit, a third indoor unit, a second indoor unit, and a first indoor unit.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 220 of the fourth outdoor unit 14 is switched into a condenser state by switching the refrigerant flow through the four-way valve of the fourth outdoor unit 14. That is, as shown in Fig. 5 , the plurality of heat exchanger parts of the fourth outdoor unit 14 is switched into the condenser state.
  • each of the outdoor heat exchanger 130, 200, and 210 of the first to third indoor units 11, 12, and 13 is maintained in an evaporator state
  • each of the indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241 of each of the indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24 is maintained in the condenser state.
  • the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression unit of the fourth outdoor unit 14 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 220 via the four-way valve.
  • frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 220 may be removed.
  • the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 220 of the fourth outdoor unit 14 flows along the liquid tube of the fourth outdoor unit 14, and then the refrigerant together with the refrigerant discharged from the liquid pipe 33 is introduced into the liquid tube of the first outdoor unit 11.
  • the second valve 326 disposed in the high pressure gas tube of the fourth outdoor unit 14 may be closed during the defrosting operation of the fourth outdoor unit 14.
  • An operation of he fan motor assembly disposed in the fourth outdoor unit 14 may be stopped during the defrosting operation of the fourth outdoor unit 14.
  • an opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve of the fourth outdoor unit 14 may be greater than that of the previous state (i.e., an opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve when the outdoor heat exchanger of the fourth outdoor unit serves as an evaporator).
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 220 of the fourth outdoor unit 14 is switched into the evaporator state by switching the refrigerant flow through the four-way valve.
  • the third outdoor unit 13 performs the defrosting operation.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 210 of the third outdoor unit 13 serves as the condenser, and the outdoor heat exchangers of the remaining outdoor units serve as the evaporators.
  • the second outdoor unit 12 performs the defrosting operation as shown in Fig. 7 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 210 of the second outdoor unit 12 serves as the condenser, and the outdoor heat exchangers of the remaining outdoor units serve as the evaporators.
  • the first outdoor unit 11 performs the defrosting operation.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 130 of the first outdoor unit 11 is switched in the condenser state by switching the refrigerant flow through the four-way valve.
  • each of the outdoor heat exchangers of the second to fourth outdoor units 12, 13, and 14 is maintained in the evaporator state
  • each of the indoor heat exchangers 211, 221, 231, and 241 of the each of the indoor units 21, 22, 23, and 24 is maintained in the condenser state.
  • the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression unit of the first outdoor unit 11 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 via the four-way valve.
  • frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 130 may be removed.
  • the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 of the first outdoor unit 11 flows along the liquid tube of the first outdoor unit 11, and then the refrigerant together with the refrigerant discharged from the liquid pipe 33 is introduced into the liquid tubes of the second to fourth outdoor units 12, 13, and 14.
  • the second valve 325 disposed in the high pressure gas tube of the first outdoor unit 11 may be closed during the defrosting operation of the first outdoor unit 11.
  • An operation of the fan motor assembly disposed in the first outdoor unit 11 may be stopped during the defrosting operation of the first outdoor unit 11.
  • an opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve of the first outdoor unit 11 may be greater than that of the previous state (i.e., an opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve when the outdoor heat exchanger of the first outdoor unit serves as an evaporator).
  • the indoor space may be continuously heated to maintain a comfort indoor space.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger do not perform the defrosting operation at the same time, but successively perform the defrosting operation, the deterioration of the heating performance may be minimized.
  • the frost on the whole outdoor heat exchangers of each of the outdoor units may prevent the frost from remaining on a portion of the outdoor heat exchangers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Climatiseur multitype comprenant :
    une pluralité d'unités intérieures (21, 22, 23, 24), chacune comprenant un échangeur de chaleur intérieur (211, 221, 231, 241) ; et
    une pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) raccordées à la pluralité d'unités intérieures (21, 22, 23, 24), chacune comprenant un échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220),
    dans lequel, lorsqu'une condition d'opération de dégivrage est satisfaite pendant une opération de chauffage, la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuent successivement une opération de dégivrage,
    dans lequel chacune de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) comprend une vanne quatre voies, et
    pendant l'opération de chauffage, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) de chacune de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) est configuré pour servir d'évaporateur par commutation d'un écoulement de réfrigérant à travers la vanne quatre voies, et
    l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) dans lequel l'opération de dégivrage est effectuée est configuré pour servir de condenseur par commutation de l'écoulement de réfrigérant à travers la vanne quatre voies correspondante,
    dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) est divisé en une pluralité de parties d'échangeur de chaleur (131, 132) à travers lesquelles un réfrigérant s'écoule séparément, et
    lorsqu'une unité extérieure spécifique de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectue l'opération de dégivrage, le givre sur les parties d'échangeur de chaleur entières (131, 132) de l'unité extérieure spécifique est éliminé,
    caractérisé en ce que chacune des unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) comprend une pluralité de vannes quatre voies (121, 122), et
    le nombre de vannes quatre voies (121, 122) est égal à celui de parties d'échangeur de chaleur (131, 132).
  2. Climatiseur multitype selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un ordre de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuant l'opération de dégivrage est décidé en fonction de la capacité d'échange de chaleur de l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) de chacune des unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14).
  3. Climatiseur multitype selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'unité extérieure comprenant l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur ayant une capacité relativement faible effectue l'opération de dégivrage en premier.
  4. Climatiseur multitype selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel un ordre de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuant l'opération de dégivrage est précédemment décidé et stocké dans une mémoire.
  5. Climatiseur multitype selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel un ordre de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuant l'opération de dégivrage est déterminé lorsque la condition d'opération de dégivrage est satisfaite.
  6. Climatiseur multitype selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, une fois qu'une unité extérieure spécifique a effectué complètement l'opération de dégivrage, l'unité extérieure suivante effectue l'opération de dégivrage.
  7. Climatiseur multitype selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel, pendant l'opération de dégivrage, un fonctionnement d'un ventilateur extérieur (140) disposé dans l'unité extérieure effectuant l'opération de dégivrage est arrêté.
  8. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un climatiseur multitype comprenant une pluralité d'unités intérieures (21, 22, 23, 24), chacune comprenant un échangeur de chaleur intérieur (211, 221, 231, 241) ; et une pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) raccordées à la pluralité d'unités intérieures (21, 22, 23, 24), chacune comprenant un échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220),
    dans lequel, lorsqu'une condition d'opération de dégivrage est satisfaite pendant une opération de chauffage, la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuent successivement une opération de dégivrage,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre la décision d'un ordre de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectuant l'opération de dégivrage en fonction de la capacité d'échange de chaleur extérieure (130, 200, 210, 220) de chacune des unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel, chacune de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) comprend une vanne quatre voies, et
    pendant l'opération de chauffage, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) de chacune de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) commute un écoulement de réfrigérant à travers la vanne quatre voies servant ainsi d'évaporateur, et
    l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) dans lequel l'opération de dégivrage est effectuée commute l'écoulement de réfrigérant à travers la vanne quatre voies correspondante de façon à servir de condenseur.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (130, 200, 210, 220) est divisé en une pluralité de parties d'échangeur de chaleur (131, 132) à travers lesquelles un réfrigérant s'écoule séparément, et
    lorsqu'une unité extérieure spécifique de la pluralité d'unités extérieures (11, 12, 13, 14) effectue l'opération de dégivrage, éliminant le givre sur les parties d'échangeur de chaleur entières (131, 132) de l'unité extérieure spécifique.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel l'unité extérieure comprenant l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur ayant une capacité relativement faible effectue l'opération de dégivrage en premier.
EP12161711.2A 2011-04-22 2012-03-28 Climatiseur multi-type et procédé de fonctionnement Active EP2515053B1 (fr)

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KR101712213B1 (ko) 2017-03-03
US20120266616A1 (en) 2012-10-25
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EP2515053A3 (fr) 2017-05-31
KR20120119668A (ko) 2012-10-31
CN102748808A (zh) 2012-10-24

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