EP2509714B2 - Painting system component having a modified surface - Google Patents

Painting system component having a modified surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2509714B2
EP2509714B2 EP10787321.8A EP10787321A EP2509714B2 EP 2509714 B2 EP2509714 B2 EP 2509714B2 EP 10787321 A EP10787321 A EP 10787321A EP 2509714 B2 EP2509714 B2 EP 2509714B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface layer
bell plate
roughness
specifically
less
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EP10787321.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2509714A2 (en
EP2509714B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Georg Fritz
Hans-Jürgen Nolte
Timo Beyl
Marcus Kleiner
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Duerr Systems AG
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Duerr Systems AG
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Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Priority to EP13001691.8A priority Critical patent/EP2612710B2/en
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Publication of EP2509714B1 publication Critical patent/EP2509714B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/14—Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired places; Arrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
    • B05B15/18—Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired places; Arrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts for improving resistance to wear, e.g. inserts or coatings; for indicating wear; for handling or replacing worn parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1007—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B3/1014—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bell cup for a rotary atomizer according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention comprises a corresponding manufacturing method.
  • Rotary atomizers which have a rotating bell plate as an application element are usually used for painting motor vehicle body components.
  • the problem here is the fact that the bell plate in the painting operation is heavily contaminated with the applied lacquer both on the outer surfaces (e.g. jacket surface) and on the inner surfaces (e.g. overflow surface), the lacquer sometimes adhering very strongly to the surface of the bell plate.
  • a relatively large amount of washing-up liquid must therefore be used in order to clean the bell plate from the adhering residues of the old coating agent, which also requires a relatively long time. This also applies to the so-called short rinsing, which is carried out between the coating of individual coating objects (e.g. motor vehicle bodies).
  • a disadvantage of the conventional bell plates is the tendency to become dirty and the unsatisfactory cleanability.
  • the surfaces, in particular the overflow surfaces, of the conventional bell cups are subject to wear due to corrosion and / or abrasion, which increases the surface roughness, which in turn increases the requirements for cleaning the bell cups.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to reduce the tendency of a bell plate to become dirty and / or to improve the cleanability of the bell plate.
  • a bell plate has a surface layer which reduces the tendency to become dirty and / or improves the ability to be cleaned.
  • the surface layer is produced by the method of ion implantation.
  • the base body itself can consist, for example, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, titanium, steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metal (copper and its alloys), ceramic, plastic or a combination of these materials.
  • the surface layer contains tantalum, niobium and / or vanadium.
  • the surface layer consists of a material based on Si-O, Si-OH or silicon-organic compounds, in particular in the form of a nano-layer, as will be described in detail. It should also be noted that the surface layer preferably contains metal oxides, metal nitrides or organometallic compounds. It should also be mentioned that the surface layer can optionally consist of an organic, in particular metal-organic material or an inorganic material. Depending on the coating agent to be used, the surface layer can be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic. A hydrophilic surface layer is characterized by a contact angle with water which is less than 90 °, 45 °, 20 °, 10 °, 8 ° or even less than 6 °.
  • the surface layer can even be superhydrophilic, the surface layer then being characterized by a contact angle with water of less than 5 °, 3 °, 2 ° or even less than 1 °.
  • the contact angle with water is preferably greater than 90 °, 110 °, 130 ° or 150 °.
  • the surface layer is superhydrophobic, the contact angle with water being greater than 160 °.
  • the surface layer is a so-called nano-layer which has a layer thickness which is in the nanometer range.
  • the surface layer has a microstructuring in order to reduce the tendency to contamination.
  • WO 96/04123 A1 a self-cleaning component surface that combines a microstructure with a hydrophobic coating to achieve the self-cleaning effect.
  • the surface layer according to the invention can perform a further technical function in that the surface layer is, for example, wear-reducing, which in itself is apparent from the patent application already cited at the beginning DE 101 12 854 A1 is known.
  • the base body and the surface layer consist of the same starting material, the material properties of the surface layer being changed in a targeted manner in order to reduce the tendency of the paint system component to become dirty and / or to improve the cleanability.
  • the surface layer has several areas which are separated from one another and have different properties. In a mechanically heavily loaded area, for example, the surface layer can be more strongly optimized for the greatest possible abrasion resistance, whereas the good cleanability at such places has a lower priority.
  • the surface layer can primarily be optimized for the lowest possible tendency to become contaminated, whereas the abrasion resistance in these areas has only a lower priority.
  • the surface layer can consist of a material with a high, medium or low interface friction. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the wettability of the surface layer, which can optionally consist of a material with a very good, good or low / poor wettability.
  • ductility there are various possibilities within the scope of the invention, which can be selected depending on the application.
  • the surface layer can consist of a material with a high ductility, in particular with an elongation at break of more than 5% or 10%.
  • the surface layer consists of a material with a medium ductility, in particular with an elongation at break between 0.5 and 5%. Furthermore, there is also the possibility that the surface layer consists of a material with a low ductility, in particular with an elongation at break of less than 0.5%, 0.3% or 0.1%.
  • the surface layer consists of a material with a low roughness (Rz ⁇ 10 ⁇ m).
  • the surface layer can optionally consist of a material with a high, medium or low abrasion resistance.
  • the corrosion resistance of the surface layer can optionally consist of a material with a large, medium or small corrosion resistance.
  • Corrosion resistance is particularly important if the paint system component (e.g. bell plate) is made of non-ferrous metal (copper and its alloys), since non-ferrous metals also corrode in connection with deionized water (demineralized water). This is important because demineralized water is contained in water-based paints and detergents, so that bell plates made of non-ferrous metals have to be coated with a corrosion-resistant surface layer.
  • non-ferrous metal copper and its alloys
  • demineralized water deionized water
  • the coating agent For the finest possible atomization of the coating agent, it is advantageous, for example, to combine the following material properties of the surface layer: low interfacial friction, low wettability, high ductility, low roughness, high abrasion resistance and low corrosion resistance.
  • the cleaning-optimizing surface layer covers the entire surface of the base body.
  • the invention also includes a production method for producing a bell plate optimized according to the invention, as can already be seen from the above description.
  • Figure 1 shows a largely conventional bell plate 1 for a rotary atomizer 2, the bell plate 1 rotating in operation about an axis of rotation 3.
  • the paint to be applied is fed to the bell cup 1 through a paint tube and then axially strikes a baffle plate 4, which deflects the paint in the radial direction.
  • the paint then flows along an overflow surface 5 to an annular circumferential spray edge 6, on which the paint is sprayed.
  • the bell plate 1 has a conical outer surface 7 on its outside, which is also known per se from the prior art.
  • the bell plate 1 is coated on its surface with a surface layer which reduces the tendency to soiling and improves the cleaning ability.
  • This surface layer is applied to the overflow surface 5 and the lacquer-carrying inner surfaces of the bell plate 1 and also extends over the entire lateral surface 7.
  • the entire surface of the bell plate 1 is sealed with the surface coating.
  • the surface layer according to the invention contains a nano-layer which realizes a lotus effect, so that the bell plate 1 is self-cleaning and, if need be, requires a short cleaning.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 2 largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiment described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the bell cup 1 has a surface layer 8 only in the region of its spraying edge 6, the surface layer 8 being located both on the overflow surface 5 and on the outer lateral surface 7.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 3 again true largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
  • This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the surface layer only covers the outer lateral surface 7 and the rear of the bell plate 1, whereas the overflow surface 5 and the inner surface of the bell plate 1 are not materially changed by ion implantation.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 4 again largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition.
  • This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the bell cup 1 is completely sealed with the surface layer 8. This means that the entire surface of the bell plate 1 is covered by the surface layer 8.
  • the embodiment according to Figure 5 largely coincides with the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that only the overflow surface 5 and the inner surface of the bell cup 1 are materially changed by ion implantation.
  • the invention is not restricted to the preferred exemplary embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which likewise fall under the scope of protection defined by the patent claims.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Glockenteller für einen Rotationszerstäuber gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Weiterhin umfasst die Erfindung ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren.The invention relates to a bell cup for a rotary atomizer according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention comprises a corresponding manufacturing method.

Zur Lackierung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteilen werden üblicherweise Rotationszerstäuber eingesetzt, die als Applikationselement einen rotierenden Glockenteller aufweisen. Problematisch hierbei ist die Tatsache, dass der Glockenteller im Lackierbetrieb sowohl an Außenflächen (z.B. Mantelfläche) als auch an Innenflächen (z.B. Überströmfläche) stark mit dem applizierten Lack verunreinigt wird, wobei der Lack teilweise sehr stark an der Oberfläche des Glockentellers anhaftet. Bei einem Beschichtungsmittelwechsel muss deshalb eine relativ große Menge an Spülmittel verwendet werden, um den Glockenteller von den anhaftenden Resten des alten Beschichtungsmittels zu reinigen, wofür auch relativ viel Zeit erforderlich ist. Dies gilt auch für das sogenannte Kurzspülen, das zwischen der Beschichtung einzelner Beschichtungsobjekte (z.B. Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien) durchgeführt wird. Nachteilig an den herkömmlichen Glockentellern ist also die Verschmutzungsneigung und die unbefriedigende Reinigungsfähigkeit.Rotary atomizers which have a rotating bell plate as an application element are usually used for painting motor vehicle body components. The problem here is the fact that the bell plate in the painting operation is heavily contaminated with the applied lacquer both on the outer surfaces (e.g. jacket surface) and on the inner surfaces (e.g. overflow surface), the lacquer sometimes adhering very strongly to the surface of the bell plate. When changing the coating agent, a relatively large amount of washing-up liquid must therefore be used in order to clean the bell plate from the adhering residues of the old coating agent, which also requires a relatively long time. This also applies to the so-called short rinsing, which is carried out between the coating of individual coating objects (e.g. motor vehicle bodies). A disadvantage of the conventional bell plates is the tendency to become dirty and the unsatisfactory cleanability.

Darüber hinaus unterliegen die Oberflächen, insbesondere die Überströmflächen, der herkömmlichen Glockenteller einem Verschleiß durch Korrosion und/oder Abrasion, wodurch die Oberflächenrauhigkeit erhöht wird, was wiederum die Anforderungen an die Reinigung des Glockentellers erhöht.In addition, the surfaces, in particular the overflow surfaces, of the conventional bell cups are subject to wear due to corrosion and / or abrasion, which increases the surface roughness, which in turn increases the requirements for cleaning the bell cups.

Aus DE 101 12 854 A1 ist es bekannt, die Oberfläche eines derartigen Glockentellers zu beschichten, um die Abriebfestigkeit zu erhöhen und dadurch den Verschleiß zu verringern. Diese bekannten Oberflächenbeschichtungen lösen jedoch nicht das Problem der Verschmutzungsneigung bzw. der mangelnden Reinigungsfähigkeit des Glockentellers.Out DE 101 12 854 A1 it is known to coat the surface of such a bell cup in order to increase the abrasion resistance and thereby reduce the wear. However, these known surface coatings do not solve the problem of the tendency to become dirty or the inability to clean the bell cup.

Aus DE 44 39 924 A1 und DE 10 2006 005 765 A1 sind Lackieranlagenbauteile und entsprechende Herstellungsverfahren bekannt, bei denen ebenfalls eine Oberflächenschicht aufgebracht wird. Die Aufbringung der Oberflächenschicht erfolgt hierbei beispielsweise durch "Chemical Vapor Deposition" (CVD) oder "Physical Vapor Deposition" (PVD). Diese bekannten Herstellungsverfahren führen jedoch nicht zu befriedigenden Eigenschaften der Oberflächenschicht hinsichtlich der angestrebten Verringerung der Verschmutzungsneigung und der Verbesserung der Reinigungsfähigkeit.Out DE 44 39 924 A1 and DE 10 2006 005 765 A1 Painting system components and corresponding manufacturing methods are known, in which a surface layer is also applied. The surface layer is applied here, for example, by “chemical vapor deposition” (CVD) or “physical vapor deposition” (PVD). However, these known production methods do not lead to satisfactory properties of the surface layer with regard to the desired reduction in the tendency to soiling and the improvement of the cleanability.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Verschmutzungsneigung eines Glockentellers zu verringern und/oder die Reinigungsfähigkeit des Glockentellers zu verbessern.The object of the invention is therefore to reduce the tendency of a bell plate to become dirty and / or to improve the cleanability of the bell plate.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Glockenteller gemäß dem Hauptanspruch gelöst.This object is achieved by a bell cup according to the invention according to the main claim.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass ein Glockenteller eine Oberflächenschicht aufweist, welche die Verschmutzungsneigung verringert und/oder die Reinigungsfähigkeit verbessert.In the context of the invention it is provided that a bell plate has a surface layer which reduces the tendency to become dirty and / or improves the ability to be cleaned.

Die Erfindung sieht nun vor, dass die Oberflächenschicht durch das Verfahren der Ionenimplantation hergestellt wird.
Der Grundkörper selbst kann im Rahmen der Erfindung beispielsweise aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, Titan, Stahl, Edelstahl, Buntmetall (Kupfer und dessen Legierungen), Keramik, Kunststoff oder einer Kombination dieser Materialien bestehen.
Die Oberflächenschicht enthält Tantal, Niob und/oder Vanadium.The invention now provides that the surface layer is produced by the method of ion implantation.
Within the scope of the invention, the base body itself can consist, for example, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, titanium, steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metal (copper and its alloys), ceramic, plastic or a combination of these materials.
The surface layer contains tantalum, niobium and / or vanadium.

In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung besteht die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material auf Basis von Si-O, Si-OH oder silizium-organischer Verbindungen, insbesondere in Form einer Nanoschicht, wie sie noch detailliert beschrieben wird.
Darüber hinaus ist zu bemerken, dass die Oberflächenschicht vorzugsweise Metalloxide, Metallnitride oder metallorganische Verbindung enthält.
Weiterhin ist zu erwähnen, dass die Oberflächenschicht wahlweise aus einem organischen, insbesondere metall-organischen Material oder aus einem anorganischen Material bestehen kann. Je nach dem zu verwendenden Beschichtungsmittel kann die Oberflächenschicht entweder hydrophil oder hydrophob sein. Eine hydrophile Oberflächenschicht zeichnet sich durch einen Kontaktwinkel gegenüber Wasser aus, der kleiner ist als 90°, 45°, 20°, 10°, 8° oder sogar kleiner als 6°. Darüber hinaus kann die Oberflächenschicht sogar superhydrophil sein, wobei sich die Oberflächenschicht dann durch einen Kontaktwinkel gegenüber Wasser von weniger als 5°, 3°, 2° oder sogar weniger als 1° auszeichnet. Bei einer hydrophoben Oberflächenschicht ist der Kontaktwinkel gegenüber Wasser dagegen vorzugsweise größer als 90°, 110°, 130° oder 150°. Im Rahmen der Erfindung besteht sogar die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht superhydrophob ist, wobei der Kontaktwinkel gegenüber Wasser größer ist als 160°.
Weiterhin besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht eine sogenannte Nanoschicht ist, die eine Schichtdicke aufweist, die im Nanometerbereich liegt.
Weiterhin besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht eine Mikrostrukturierung aufweist, um die Verschmutzungsneigung zu verringern. Beispielsweise offenbart WO 96/04123 A1 eine selbstreinigende Bauteiloberfläche, die zur Erzielung des Selbstreinigungseffekts eine Mikrostruktur mit einer hydrophoben Beschichtung kombiniert.
Darüber hinaus kann die erfindungsgemäße Oberflächenschicht eine weitere technische Funktion erfüllen, indem die Oberflächenschicht beispielsweise verschleißmindernd ist, was an sich aus der bereits eingangs zitierten Patentanmeldung DE 101 12 854 A1 bekannt ist.
In einer Variante der Erfindung bestehen der Grundkörper und die Oberflächenschicht aus demselben Ausgangsmaterial, wobei die Materialeigenschaften der Oberflächenschicht gezielt verändert sind, um die Verschmutzungsneigung des Lackieranlagenbauteils zu verringern und/oder die Reinigungsfähigkeit zu verbessern.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface layer consists of a material based on Si-O, Si-OH or silicon-organic compounds, in particular in the form of a nano-layer, as will be described in detail.
It should also be noted that the surface layer preferably contains metal oxides, metal nitrides or organometallic compounds.
It should also be mentioned that the surface layer can optionally consist of an organic, in particular metal-organic material or an inorganic material. Depending on the coating agent to be used, the surface layer can be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic. A hydrophilic surface layer is characterized by a contact angle with water which is less than 90 °, 45 °, 20 °, 10 °, 8 ° or even less than 6 °. In addition, the surface layer can even be superhydrophilic, the surface layer then being characterized by a contact angle with water of less than 5 °, 3 °, 2 ° or even less than 1 °. In the case of a hydrophobic surface layer, on the other hand, the contact angle with water is preferably greater than 90 °, 110 °, 130 ° or 150 °. Within the scope of the invention, there is even the possibility that the surface layer is superhydrophobic, the contact angle with water being greater than 160 °.
Furthermore, there is the possibility within the scope of the invention that the surface layer is a so-called nano-layer which has a layer thickness which is in the nanometer range.
Furthermore, there is the possibility within the scope of the invention that the surface layer has a microstructuring in order to reduce the tendency to contamination. For example, disclosed WO 96/04123 A1 a self-cleaning component surface that combines a microstructure with a hydrophobic coating to achieve the self-cleaning effect.
In addition, the surface layer according to the invention can perform a further technical function in that the surface layer is, for example, wear-reducing, which in itself is apparent from the patent application already cited at the beginning DE 101 12 854 A1 is known.
In a variant of the invention, the base body and the surface layer consist of the same starting material, the material properties of the surface layer being changed in a targeted manner in order to reduce the tendency of the paint system component to become dirty and / or to improve the cleanability.

Zur Erzielung spezieller Oberflächenschichten kann es im Rahmen der Erfindung sinnvoll sein, mehrere übereinander liegende Teilschichten mit unterschiedlichen Materialeigenschaften aufzubringen, wobei sich die übereinander liegenden Teilschichten beispielsweise hinsichtlich Duktilität, Korrosionsbeständigkeit oder Verschleißwiderstand unterscheiden können.
Weiterhin besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht mehrere Bereiche aufweist, die voneinander getrennt sind und unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen. In einem mechanisch stark belasteten Bereich kann die Oberflächenschicht beispielsweise stärker auf eine möglichst große Abriebfestigkeit hin optimiert werden, wohingegen die gute Reinigungsfähigkeit an derartigen Stellen eine geringere Priorität genießt. In Oberflächenbereichen, die dem Lack stark ausgesetzt und darüber hinaus nur schlecht zugänglich sind, kann die Oberflächenschicht dagegen vorrangig auf eine möglichst geringe Verschmutzungsneigung hin optimiert werden, wohingegen die Abriebfestigkeit in diesen Bereichen nur eine geringere Priorität genießt.
Ferner ist zu erwähnen, dass die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material mit einer hohen, mittleren oder geringen Grenzflächenreibung bestehen kann.
Das Gleiche gilt sinngemäß auch für die Benetzbarkeit der Oberflächenschicht, die wahlweise aus einem Material mit einer sehr guten, guten oder geringen/schlechten Benetzbarkeit bestehen kann.
Auch hinsichtlich der Duktilität bestehen im Rahmen der Erfindung verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die je nach Anwendungszweck ausgewählt werden können. Beispielsweise kann die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material mit einer hohen Duktilität bestehen, insbesondere mit einer Bruchdehnung von mehr als 5% oder 10%. Alternativ besteht jedoch die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material mit einer mittleren Duktilität besteht, insbesondere mit einer Bruchdehnung zwischen 0,5 und 5%. Ferner besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material mit einer geringen Duktilität besteht, insbesondere mit einer Bruchdehnung von weniger als 0,5%, 0,3% oder 0,1%.In order to achieve special surface layers, it can make sense within the scope of the invention to apply a plurality of partial layers lying one above the other with different material properties, the partial layers lying one above the other being able to differ, for example in terms of ductility, corrosion resistance or wear resistance.
Furthermore, there is the possibility within the scope of the invention that the surface layer has several areas which are separated from one another and have different properties. In a mechanically heavily loaded area, for example, the surface layer can be more strongly optimized for the greatest possible abrasion resistance, whereas the good cleanability at such places has a lower priority. In contrast, in surface areas that are strongly exposed to the paint and are also difficult to access, the surface layer can primarily be optimized for the lowest possible tendency to become contaminated, whereas the abrasion resistance in these areas has only a lower priority.
It should also be mentioned that the surface layer can consist of a material with a high, medium or low interface friction.
The same applies mutatis mutandis to the wettability of the surface layer, which can optionally consist of a material with a very good, good or low / poor wettability.
With regard to ductility, there are various possibilities within the scope of the invention, which can be selected depending on the application. For example, the surface layer can consist of a material with a high ductility, in particular with an elongation at break of more than 5% or 10%. Alternatively, however, there is the possibility that the surface layer consists of a material with a medium ductility, in particular with an elongation at break between 0.5 and 5%. Furthermore, there is also the possibility that the surface layer consists of a material with a low ductility, in particular with an elongation at break of less than 0.5%, 0.3% or 0.1%.

Darüber hinaus besteht die Oberflächenschicht aus einem Material mit einer geringen Rauheit (Rz<10µm).In addition, the surface layer consists of a material with a low roughness (Rz <10 µm).

Auch hinsichtlich der Abriebfestigkeit bestehen verschiedene Möglichkeiten, so dass die Oberflächenschicht wahlweise aus einem Material mit einer hohen, mittleren oder geringen Abriebfestigkeit bestehen kann.There are also various possibilities with regard to abrasion resistance, so that the surface layer can optionally consist of a material with a high, medium or low abrasion resistance.

Ferner bestehen auch hinsichtlich der Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Oberflächenschicht je nach Anwendungszweck verschiedene Möglichkeiten, so dass die Oberflächenschicht wahlweise aus einem Material mit einer großen, mittleren oder kleinen Korrosionsbeständigkeit bestehen kann.Furthermore, there are also various possibilities with regard to the corrosion resistance of the surface layer, depending on the application, so that the surface layer can optionally consist of a material with a large, medium or small corrosion resistance.

Die Korrosionsbeständigkeit ist insbesondere dann wichtig, wenn das Lackieranlagenbauteil (z.B. Glockenteller) aus Buntmetall (Kupfer und dessen Legierungen) besteht, da Buntmetalle auch in Verbindung mit vollentsalztem Wasser (VE-Wasser) korrodieren. Dies ist wichtig, weil VE-Wasser in Wasserlacken und Wasserspülmittel enthalten ist, so dass Glockenteller aus Buntmetallen mit einer korrosionsbeständigen Oberflächenschicht überzogen werden müssen.Corrosion resistance is particularly important if the paint system component (e.g. bell plate) is made of non-ferrous metal (copper and its alloys), since non-ferrous metals also corrode in connection with deionized water (demineralized water). This is important because demineralized water is contained in water-based paints and detergents, so that bell plates made of non-ferrous metals have to be coated with a corrosion-resistant surface layer.

Die vorstehend genannten Möglichkeiten der Materialeigenschaften können auch gezielt miteinander kombiniert werden, um bestimmte Eigenschaften zu erreichen.The abovementioned possibilities of material properties can also be combined with one another in a targeted manner in order to achieve certain properties.

Für eine möglichst feine Zerstäubung des Beschichtungsmittels ist es beispielsweise vorteilhaft, folgende Materialeigenschaften der Oberflächenschicht miteinander zu kombinieren: Geringe Grenzflächenreibung, geringe Benetzbarkeit, hohe Duktilität, geringe Rauhigkeit, große Abriebfestigkeit und geringe Korrosionsbeständigkeit.For the finest possible atomization of the coating agent, it is advantageous, for example, to combine the following material properties of the surface layer: low interfacial friction, low wettability, high ductility, low roughness, high abrasion resistance and low corrosion resistance.

Zur Erreichung einer möglichst guten Reinigungsfähigkeit ist es dagegen vorteilhaft, folgende Materialeigenschaften miteinander zu kombinieren: Mittlere Grenzflächenreibung, hohe Benetzbarkeit, mittlere Duktilität, geringe Rauhigkeit, geringe Abriebfestigkeit und sehr gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit.In order to achieve the best possible cleanability, on the other hand, it is advantageous to combine the following material properties with each other: medium surface friction, high wettability, medium ductility, low roughness, low abrasion resistance and very good corrosion resistance.

Zur Erzielung eines Korrosionsschutzes von Aluminium ist es dagegen vorteilhaft, die folgenden Materialeigenschaften miteinander zu kombinieren: Mittlere Grenzflächenreibung, geringe Benetzbarkeit, hohe Duktilität, geringe Rauhigkeit, geringe Abriebfestigkeit und sehr gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit.In order to achieve corrosion protection of aluminum, on the other hand, it is advantageous to combine the following material properties with one another: medium interfacial friction, low wettability, high ductility, low roughness, low abrasion resistance and very good corrosion resistance.

Gemäss der Erfindung überzieht die reinigungsoptimierende Oberflächenschicht die gesamte Oberfläche des Grundkörpers.According to the invention, the cleaning-optimizing surface layer covers the entire surface of the base body.

Schließlich umfasst die Erfindung auch ein Herstellungsverfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäß optimierten Glockentellers, wie bereits aus der vorstehenden Beschreibung hervorgeht.Finally, the invention also includes a production method for producing a bell plate optimized according to the invention, as can already be seen from the above description.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet oder werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Querschnittsansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Glockentellers an einem Rotationszerstäuber,
Figur 2
eine Querschnittsansicht eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Glockentellers, bei dem die Oberflächenschicht nur Teile des Glockentellers abdeckt,
Figur 3
eine Querschnittsansicht eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Glockentellers, bei dem die Oberflächenschicht die äußere Mantelfläche und die Rückseite des Glockentellers überzieht,
Figur 4
eine Querschnittsansicht durch ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Glockentellers, wobei die Oberflächenschicht den gesamten Glockenteller überzieht, sowie
Figur 5
eine Querschnittsansicht eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Glockentellers, bei dem die Oberflächenschicht nur die Innenfläche und die Überströmfläche des Glockentellers überzieht.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:
Figure 1
2 shows a cross-sectional view of a bell cup according to the invention on a rotary atomizer,
Figure 2
2 shows a cross-sectional view of a bell plate according to the invention, in which the surface layer covers only parts of the bell plate,
Figure 3
2 shows a cross-sectional view of a bell plate according to the invention, in which the surface layer covers the outer lateral surface and the back of the bell plate,
Figure 4
a cross-sectional view through another embodiment of a bell plate according to the invention, wherein the surface layer covers the entire bell plate, and
Figure 5
a cross-sectional view of a bell plate according to the invention, in which the surface layer covers only the inner surface and the overflow surface of the bell plate.

Figur 1 zeigt einen weitgehend herkömmlichen Glockenteller 1 für einen Rotationszerstäuber 2, wobei der Glockenteller 1 im Betrieb um eine Drehachse 3 rotiert. Figure 1 shows a largely conventional bell plate 1 for a rotary atomizer 2, the bell plate 1 rotating in operation about an axis of rotation 3.

Der zu applizierende Lack wird dem Glockenteller 1 hierbei durch ein Farbrohr zugeführt und trifft dann axial auf einen Prallteller 4, der den Lack in Radialrichtung ablenkt.The paint to be applied is fed to the bell cup 1 through a paint tube and then axially strikes a baffle plate 4, which deflects the paint in the radial direction.

Der Lack strömt dann entlang einer Überströmfläche 5 zu einer ringförmig umlaufenden Absprühkante 6, an der der Lack abgesprüht wird.The paint then flows along an overflow surface 5 to an annular circumferential spray edge 6, on which the paint is sprayed.

Darüber hinaus weist der Glockenteller 1 an seiner Außenseite eine konische Mantelfläche 7 auf, was ebenfalls an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist.In addition, the bell plate 1 has a conical outer surface 7 on its outside, which is also known per se from the prior art.

Die Erfindung sieht nun vor, dass der Glockenteller 1 an seiner Oberfläche mit einer Oberflächenschicht beschichtet ist, welche die Verschmutzungsneigung verringert und die Reinigungsfähigkeit verbessert. Diese Oberflächenschicht ist hierbei auf die Überströmfläche 5 und die lackführenden Innenflächen des Glockentellers 1 aufgebracht und erstreckt sich darüber hinaus auch über die gesamte Mantelfläche 7. Es ist jedoch im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die gesamte Oberfläche des Glockentellers 1 mit der Oberflächenbeschichtung versiegelt ist.The invention now provides that the bell plate 1 is coated on its surface with a surface layer which reduces the tendency to soiling and improves the cleaning ability. This surface layer is applied to the overflow surface 5 and the lacquer-carrying inner surfaces of the bell plate 1 and also extends over the entire lateral surface 7. However, it is provided within the scope of the invention that the entire surface of the bell plate 1 is sealed with the surface coating.

Die erfindungsgemäße Oberflächenschicht enthält in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel eine Nanoschicht, die einen Lotuseffekt realisiert, so dass der Glockenteller 1 selbstreinigend ist und allenfalls eine kurze Reinigung benötigt.In this exemplary embodiment, the surface layer according to the invention contains a nano-layer which realizes a lotus effect, so that the bell plate 1 is self-cleaning and, if need be, requires a short cleaning.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 2 stimmt weitgehend mit dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel überein, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird, wobei für entsprechende Einzelheiten dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet werden.
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, dass der Glockenteller 1 lediglich im Bereich seiner Absprühkante 6 eine Oberflächenschicht 8 aufweist, wobei sich die Oberflächenschicht 8 sowohl an der Überströmfläche 5 als auch an der außen liegenden Mantelfläche 7 befindet.
Darüber hinaus befindet sich auch an der Innenfläche des Glockentellers 1 ein Bereich 9, der mit einer Oberflächenschicht versehen ist, welche die Verschmutzungsneigung verringert und die Reinigungsfähigkeit verbessert.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 stimmt wiederum weitgehend mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen überein, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird, wobei für entsprechende Einzelheiten dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet werden. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Oberflächenschicht lediglich die äußere Mantelfläche 7 und die Rückseite des Glockentellers 1 abdeckt, wohingegen die Überströmfläche 5 und die Innenfläche des Glockentellers 1 nicht durch Ionenimplantation stofflich verändert werden. Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 4 stimmt wiederum weitgehend mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen überein, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird.
Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Glockenteller 1 komplett mit der Oberflächenschicht 8 versiegelt ist. Dies bedeutet, dass die gesamte Oberfläche des Glockentellers 1 von der Oberflächenschicht 8 bedeckt ist.
Auch das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 5 stimmt weitgehend mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen überein, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird.
Eine Besonderheit dieses Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, dass nur die Überströmfläche 5 und die Innenfläche des Glockentellers 1 durch Ionenimplantation stofflich verändert ist.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Vielmehr ist eine Vielzahl von Varianten und Abwandlungen möglich, die ebenfalls unter den durch die Patentansprüche definierten Schutzbereich fallen.The embodiment according to Figure 2 largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiment described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that the bell cup 1 has a surface layer 8 only in the region of its spraying edge 6, the surface layer 8 being located both on the overflow surface 5 and on the outer lateral surface 7.
In addition, there is also an area 9 on the inner surface of the bell plate 1, which is provided with a surface layer which reduces the tendency to contamination and improves the cleanability.
The embodiment according to Figure 3 again true largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details. This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the surface layer only covers the outer lateral surface 7 and the rear of the bell plate 1, whereas the overflow surface 5 and the inner surface of the bell plate 1 are not materially changed by ion implantation. The embodiment according to Figure 4 again largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition.
This exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the bell cup 1 is completely sealed with the surface layer 8. This means that the entire surface of the bell plate 1 is covered by the surface layer 8.
The embodiment according to Figure 5 largely coincides with the exemplary embodiments described above, so that reference is made to the above description in order to avoid repetition.
A special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that only the overflow surface 5 and the inner surface of the bell cup 1 are materially changed by ion implantation.
The invention is not restricted to the preferred exemplary embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which likewise fall under the scope of protection defined by the patent claims.

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

11
GlockentellerBell plate
22nd
RotationszerstäuberRotary atomizer
33rd
DrehachseAxis of rotation
44th
PralltellerBaffle plate
55
ÜberströmflächeOverflow surface
66
AbsprühkanteSpray edge
77
MantelflächeLateral surface
88th
OberflächenschichtSurface layer
99
Beschichteter BereichCoated area

Claims (7)

  1. Bell plate for a rotary atomiser, having
    a) a base body (1) and
    b) a surface layer (8) at least on a part of the surface of the base body (1),
    c) wherein the surface layer (8) reduces the tendency to contamination of the bell plate and/or improves the cleaning capability of the bell plate,
    characterised in
    d) that the surface layer (8) is generated by ion implantation,
    e) that the surface layer (8) covers the entire surface of the base body (1),
    f) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a low level of roughness, specifically with a roughness value of less than 10µm, and
    g) that the surface layer (8) includes at least one of the following materials:
    g1) tantalum,
    g2) niobium,
    g3) vanadium.
  2. Bell plate according to claim 1,
    characterised in
    a) that the surface layer (8) is hydrophilic, in particular with a contact angle in relation to water of less than 90°, 45°, 20°, 10°, 8° or less than 6°, or
    b) that the surface layer (8) is superhydrophilic, in particular with a contact angle in relation to water of less than 5°, 3°, 2° or less than 1°, or
    c) that the surface layer (8) is hydrophobic, in particular with a contact angle in relation to water of more than 90°, 110°, 130° or 150°, or
    d) that the surface layer (8) is superhydrophobic, in particular with a contact angle in relation to water of more than 160°.
  3. Bell plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in
    a) that the surface layer (8) is a nanolayer which has a layer thickness in the nanometre range, and/or
    b) that the surface layer (8) has a microstructure, and/or
    c) that the surface layer (8) is wear-reducing.
  4. Bell plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in
    a) that the surface layer (8) comprises a plurality of sublayers having different properties, lying over one another, and/or
    b) that the surface layer (8) comprises a plurality of regions that are separate from one another and have different properties.
  5. Bell plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in
    a) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a high ductility, specifically an elongation at failure of more than 5% or 10%, or
    b) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a medium ductility, specifically an elongation at failure of between 0.5% and 5%, or
    c) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a low ductility, specifically an elongation at failure of less than 0.5%, 0.3%, or 0.1%.
  6. Bell plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in
    a) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a high level of roughness, specifically with a roughness value of greater than 50µm, or
    b) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a medium level of roughness, specifically with a roughness value of between 10µm and 50µm, or
    c) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a low level of roughness, specifically with a roughness value of less than 10µm.
  7. Manufacturing method for a bell plate (1), comprising the following steps:
    a) providing a base body (1),
    b) generating a surface layer (8) at least on a part of the surface of the base body (1),
    c) wherein the surface layer (8) reduces the tendency to contamination of the bell plate and/or improves the cleaning capability,
    characterised in
    d) that the surface layer (8) is generated by ion implantation, and
    e) that the surface layer (8) covers the entire surface of the base body (1),
    f) that the surface layer (8) consists of a material with a low level of roughness, specifically with a roughness value of less than 10µm, and
    g) that the surface layer (8) includes at least one of the following materials:
    g1) tantalum,
    g2) niobium,
    g3) vanadium.
EP10787321.8A 2009-12-08 2010-12-03 Painting system component having a modified surface Active EP2509714B2 (en)

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DE102009057444A DE102009057444A1 (en) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Lackieranlagenbauteil with a surface coating
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US9731311B2 (en) 2017-08-15
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ES2668093T5 (en) 2021-02-16
DE102009057444A1 (en) 2011-06-09
ES2667320T5 (en) 2024-02-27
EP2509714B1 (en) 2018-02-07
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ES2668093T3 (en) 2018-05-16
HUE038951T2 (en) 2018-12-28
EP2612710B2 (en) 2023-08-30
CN102712005A (en) 2012-10-03
EP2612710A1 (en) 2013-07-10
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US20120305681A1 (en) 2012-12-06
HUE037576T2 (en) 2018-09-28

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