EP2485329B1 - Gruppenantenne - Google Patents

Gruppenantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2485329B1
EP2485329B1 EP11000921.4A EP11000921A EP2485329B1 EP 2485329 B1 EP2485329 B1 EP 2485329B1 EP 11000921 A EP11000921 A EP 11000921A EP 2485329 B1 EP2485329 B1 EP 2485329B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grid
spacers
waim
array antenna
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11000921.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2485329A1 (de
Inventor
Michael Dr. Sabielny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hensoldt Sensors GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Defence and Space GmbH filed Critical Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Priority to EP11000921.4A priority Critical patent/EP2485329B1/de
Priority to ES11000921.4T priority patent/ES2583753T3/es
Priority to IN209DE2012 priority patent/IN2012DE00209A/en
Priority to AU2012200517A priority patent/AU2012200517B2/en
Priority to BR102012002423-3A priority patent/BR102012002423B1/pt
Priority to US13/365,620 priority patent/US9397408B2/en
Priority to JP2012021836A priority patent/JP2012165382A/ja
Publication of EP2485329A1 publication Critical patent/EP2485329A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2485329B1 publication Critical patent/EP2485329B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
    • H01Q19/023—Means for reducing undesirable effects for reducing the scattering of mounting structures, e.g. of the struts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a group antenna with a WAIM layer for impedance matching for large tilt angles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WAIM Wide Angle Impedance Match
  • the WAIM layer in analogy to a replacement line model of the antenna, functions like a parallel-connected capacitance whose relative susceptance (relative to the characteristic impedance) changes with the swivel angle ⁇ .
  • this change is with the factor 1 / cos ( ⁇ )
  • the TM polarization with the factor cos ( ⁇ )
  • the dielectric constant of the WAIM layer is sufficiently high and the thickness the WAIM layer is sufficiently low.
  • the US 3,605,098 A describes a group antenna in which there is a separate WAIM element in front of each radiator element.
  • a WAIM element comprises in each case a WAIM layer parallel to the plane of the radiator elements and spacers on which the WAIM layer is arranged.
  • MCGRATH DT Accelerated periodic hybrid finite element method analysis for integrated array element and radome design, PHASED ARRAY SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY, 2000.
  • the JP 2007013311 A describes an arrangement of a plurality of individual antennas arranged in a fixed grid, whose radiations are each decoupled from one another.
  • the individual antennas are covered by a radome, which has spacers in relation to an antenna base plate in a corresponding grid.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a group antenna with WAIM layer, which avoids the disadvantages occurring in the use of foams as an intermediate layer between radiator elements and WAIM layer disadvantages.
  • spacers are machined in a regular pattern from the material of the WAIM layer. Spacer and WAIM layer are therefore integrally connected to each other (monolithic), wherein the grid of the spacers corresponds to the grid of the radiator elements. and the spacers are disposed in the spaces between the individual radiating elements.
  • the grid may e.g. square, rectangular or hexagonal.
  • the spacers may in particular be of columnar design with a round cross section.
  • the attachment of the WAIM layer to the antenna baseplate advantageously takes place on the spacers by mechanical connection means (e.g., screws), the numbers of which spacers on which a connection means is present depend on the specific requirements. In particular, therefore, a connecting means does not have to be present on each spacer.
  • WAIM layer - adhesive film - foam which comprises different materials, only the material of the WAIM layer, in which the spacers already are integrated.
  • the spacers realize an air- or vacuum-filled separator between the WAIM layer and the antenna elements.
  • the spacers give the WAIM layer the required mechanical stability. It is therefore insensitive to vibration, shock, etc., making it suitable for robust application scenarios.
  • the grid in which the spacers are arranged corresponds to the grid of the radiator elements, the natural periodicity of the array antenna is not disturbed, so that within the frequency range for which the array antenna is designed, no Bragg reflections can occur on the antenna surface. There is no loss in Radar Wegstreuquerites be accepted. If there are no increased requirements for the radar backscatter cross section (RCS), embodiments are alternatively possible in which the grid of the spacers and the grid of the radiator elements do not correspond. However, this changed grid must continue to be based on the grid of the radiator elements.
  • RCS radar backscatter cross section
  • the grid of the spacers is derived from the grid of the radiator elements such that only a corresponding spacer is present for every nth radiator element (and, moreover, no further spacers are present). It is therefore a defined thinning of the original grid of the spacers. In other words: the basic grid structure is retained, but the grid dimension (grid constant) changes by the factor n. N is a natural number greater than 1.
  • the described shape of the WAIM layer can be achieved in particular by mechanical processing techniques, such as milling.
  • the material should have the highest possible dielectric constant and a low loss angle, and its layer thickness should be as low as possible.
  • dielectric materials are commercially available as semi-finished products.
  • a suitable material for the WAIM layer is e.g. the dielectric material (semi-finished product) "C-Stock AK" of the company. Cuming Microwave Corporation, which is available with customized dielectric constant and in different semi-finished sizes. Such materials can be readily processed by mechanical means (e.g., milling).
  • additional stiffening structures in the form of ribs can be formed out of the material of the WAIM layer. So that these have no negative effects on the transmittance of the antenna during electronic panning, these structures must also follow the periodicity in the arrangement of the antenna elements.
  • the ribs are formed so that they each connect two adjacent spacers.
  • the WAIM layer does not necessarily have to be flat. It may also have a one-dimensional or two-dimensionally curved surface, for use in structurally-conforming curved array antennas.
  • the WAIM layer can be expanded to a multi-layer WAIM block by connecting to further dielectric layers.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of the inventive WAIM layer W.
  • the layer W itself is shown transparent (lying in the plane of the paper). Exalted protruding from this layer W can be seen in this embodiment post-shaped (with a circular cross-section) spacers A and each connecting a spacer A reinforcing ribs R recognize. Spacers A and reinforcing ribs R were machined out of a block of material.
  • Fig. 2 shows cross-sectional representations of a group antenna according to the invention with WAIM layer W arranged in front of it.
  • the terms "before” and “behind” with respect to the antenna are used in the sense that “before” means the side of the antenna into which the radiation takes place.
  • the attachment of the WAIM layer W with the metallic antenna base plate P of the array antenna is carried out by means of a plurality of screws S (FIG. Fig. 2b . c ), which are driven in the area of the spacer A. Screws made of a plastic material are preferably used in order not to influence the antenna pattern.
  • the screws S in their entirety provide for a very stable anchoring of the WAIM layer W to the base plate P.
  • the material properties of the screws should be as similar as possible to those of the WAIM layer.
  • each screw is chosen based on the antenna stability requirements. In particular, there need not be a screw on each spacer.
  • the arrangement of the screws will preferably be selected in the same grid as the grid prescribed by the radiator elements.
  • the arrangement of the screws will continue to be oriented at the grid of the radiator elements.
  • the Fig. 2b . c differ with respect to the question from which direction the attachment of the WAIM layer should take place. This can be done both from the back ( Fig. 2b ) or from the front of the antenna ( Fig. 2c ) ago.
  • the screws S are driven through the base plate P into the spacers A.
  • the screws S are driven through the WAIM layer W in the base plate P.
  • the attachment from the rear is preferred, but the attachment from the front naturally has advantages in terms of accessibility.
  • Fig. 3a shows in plan view the antenna base plate P with the arranged thereon in a regular grid elements elements SE.
  • Fig. 3c shows the matching WAIM layer W with associated spacers A.
  • the grid of the spacers A on the WAIM layer corresponds to the grid of the radiator elements SE.
  • the WAIM layer W (shown in transparent) is mounted on the antenna base plate P, whereby the correspondence of the two screens can be seen very well.
EP11000921.4A 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Gruppenantenne Active EP2485329B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11000921.4A EP2485329B1 (de) 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Gruppenantenne
ES11000921.4T ES2583753T3 (es) 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Antena de grupos
IN209DE2012 IN2012DE00209A (ja) 2011-02-04 2012-01-24
AU2012200517A AU2012200517B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2012-01-30 Antenna array
BR102012002423-3A BR102012002423B1 (pt) 2011-02-04 2012-02-02 Antena grupal
US13/365,620 US9397408B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2012-02-03 Antenna array
JP2012021836A JP2012165382A (ja) 2011-02-04 2012-02-03 アンテナアレイ

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11000921.4A EP2485329B1 (de) 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Gruppenantenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2485329A1 EP2485329A1 (de) 2012-08-08
EP2485329B1 true EP2485329B1 (de) 2016-04-20

Family

ID=44063201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11000921.4A Active EP2485329B1 (de) 2011-02-04 2011-02-04 Gruppenantenne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9397408B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2485329B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2012165382A (ja)
AU (1) AU2012200517B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR102012002423B1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2583753T3 (ja)
IN (1) IN2012DE00209A (ja)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10535919B2 (en) * 2016-05-24 2020-01-14 Kymeta Corporation Low-profile communication terminal and method of providing same
US10700429B2 (en) * 2016-09-14 2020-06-30 Kymeta Corporation Impedance matching for an aperture antenna
US11705634B2 (en) * 2020-05-19 2023-07-18 Kymeta Corporation Single-layer wide angle impedance matching (WAIM)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007013311A (ja) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-18 Murata Mfg Co Ltd アンテナモジュールおよび無線装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3605098A (en) * 1969-04-14 1971-09-14 Hazeltine Corp Phased array antenna including impedance matching apparatus
JPH01143506A (ja) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-06 Sony Corp 平面アンテナ
JPH0332102A (ja) * 1989-06-28 1991-02-12 Sony Corp 平面アレイアンテナ
US6768471B2 (en) * 2002-07-25 2004-07-27 The Boeing Company Comformal phased array antenna and method for repair
US7327325B2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2008-02-05 Spx Corporation Vertically polarized traveling wave antenna apparatus and method
US7580003B1 (en) 2006-11-07 2009-08-25 The Boeing Company Submarine qualified antenna aperture
US8274445B2 (en) * 2009-06-08 2012-09-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Planar array antenna having radome over protruding antenna elements

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007013311A (ja) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-18 Murata Mfg Co Ltd アンテナモジュールおよび無線装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
E. MAGILL ET AL: "Wide-angle impedance matching of a planar array antenna by a dielectric sheet", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 14, no. 1, 1 January 1966 (1966-01-01), pages 49 - 53, XP055019127, ISSN: 0096-1973, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.1966.1138622 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2012200517A1 (en) 2012-08-23
BR102012002423A2 (pt) 2016-08-09
JP2012165382A (ja) 2012-08-30
ES2583753T3 (es) 2016-09-22
AU2012200517B2 (en) 2016-05-26
US9397408B2 (en) 2016-07-19
IN2012DE00209A (ja) 2015-06-19
EP2485329A1 (de) 2012-08-08
BR102012002423B1 (pt) 2021-11-03
US20120200474A1 (en) 2012-08-09

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