EP2467518B1 - Verstärkung stränge parallel glas fasern - Google Patents

Verstärkung stränge parallel glas fasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2467518B1
EP2467518B1 EP10754571.7A EP10754571A EP2467518B1 EP 2467518 B1 EP2467518 B1 EP 2467518B1 EP 10754571 A EP10754571 A EP 10754571A EP 2467518 B1 EP2467518 B1 EP 2467518B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
layer
molding reinforcement
reinforcement
glass
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
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EP10754571.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2467518A2 (de
Inventor
Gilbert Chomarat
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Chomarat Gilbert
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Chomarat Gilbert
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Priority to PL10754571T priority Critical patent/PL2467518T3/pl
Publication of EP2467518A2 publication Critical patent/EP2467518A2/de
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Publication of EP2467518B1 publication Critical patent/EP2467518B1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D04H1/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products
    • D04H1/10—Felts made from mixtures of fibres
    • D04H1/14—Felts made from mixtures of fibres and incorporating inorganic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/12—Glass fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24124—Fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/644—Parallel strand or fiber material is glass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coherent and flexible textile reinforcement used as a reinforcing product of composite articles, that is to say of resin-based articles (polyester or other) reinforced with reinforcing fibers.
  • the textile reinforcement is generally in the form of a flexible sheet packaged in a reel, which can thus be transported and handled at the place of use for the production of a composite article.
  • a piece of appropriate surface of textile reinforcement is cut, it is placed in a mold, and a resin is penetrated which comes to drown the reinforcement in the mold. After polymerization, the resin and the reinforcement form a mechanically resistant structure.
  • the mechanical strength properties are obtained provided that the resin penetrates perfectly between the fibers forming the reinforcement, without leaving areas devoid of resin, and adhering perfectly to the fibers. It is also necessary that the fibers regularly occupy the volume of the composite article to be produced, in particular by following the shapes of the article when it is not flat.
  • the document EP 0 395 548 discloses the use of two layers of textile reinforcement, for example glass fibers, arranged on either side of a central layer consisting of a sheet of permanent-wave synthetic fibers, for example polyester fibers of 40 to 70 mm long that received a texturizing treatment.
  • the textile reinforcement layers are bonded to the central layer by stitching / knitting.
  • the document EP 0 694 643 discloses the use of two layers of textile reinforcement disposed on either side of a central layer giving the thickness of said material, the layers being bonded together by sewing / knitting, and is provided against one of the outer faces a veil of synthetic fibers glued or sewn.
  • Sewing / knitting techniques are relatively slow, and the textile reinforcement thus produced have non-uniform deformation capabilities, and surface appearance defects.
  • thermofusible surface fiber segments penetrate along part of their length into the inner layer and partially adhere to each other and to the synthetic fibers of the inner layer.
  • An advantage of this structure is to give textile reinforcements great flexibility and great deformation capacity to follow the shapes of complex molds, the crimped synthetic fibers ensuring the maintenance of a sufficient volume of the inner layer for good penetration of the resin during subsequent molding.
  • the reinforcing fibers such as sections of 50 mm glass fibers, present in the outer layers, make it possible to improve the mechanical characteristics of the composite article. But this improvement is small, because these reinforcing fibers are short and necessarily small, the proportion of glass fibers being limited by the presence of predominant synthetic fibers permanently crimped. For some applications, it remains desirable to significantly increase the mechanical characteristics of the composite article, including its resistance to rupture or bending.
  • wire refers to a set of single glass filaments, which generally have a diameter of 5 ⁇ m to 24 ⁇ m.
  • a thread usually includes the order of 40 filaments.
  • a set of threads is called a wick.
  • a wick generally comprises about 50 wires.
  • the disadvantage of this known technique is the necessary presence of an adhesive to ensure the cohesion of the reinforcing product during its handling before injection molding. Indeed, the glue is likely to reduce the penetration capacity of the resin during molding, and to reduce the short or long term mechanical strength of the composite article from the molding.
  • the locks are assembled by stitching, which is a relatively slow process, and there is a need to increase substantially the speed of production of the textile reinforcements, to reach speeds of more than 10 m / min.
  • the invention goes against these difficulties and makes it possible to solve them.
  • the problem proposed by the present invention is to substantially increase the mechanical strength of the composite articles made from glass fiber molding reinforcements, while retaining the properties of consistency, flexibility and deformability of the molding reinforcements before molding, and retaining good properties of penetration and printing of the resin during molding.
  • the invention aims to design a molding reinforcement that can be produced at high speed, reaching speeds of more than 10 m / min.
  • the invention proposes to improve if necessary the regularity of the surface of the composite articles made by molding the molding reinforcements.
  • the invention also aims to allow the realization of reinforcing products continuous web, can be packaged in a coil, and can be cut or cut without risk of fraying or degradation of the edges.
  • thermofusible surface fibers of the bonding layer ensure the effective bonding of the strands of glass son without external glue, while maintaining flexibility and regularity of the molding reinforcement, and without deforming or breaking the glass son.
  • such a molding reinforcement structure can be realized at a high speed, since interpenetration of the hot-melt surface fibers can be achieved by a light needling step, which is much faster than the sewing process.
  • the sections of thermofusible surface fibers that penetrate the reinforcing layer are relatively spaced from each other, this spacing being equal to or greater than the needle pitch of a light needling: the surface density of such a light needling is about 5 to 10 needle penetrations per cm 2 of backing layer. This results in a reduction of the bending stresses exerted on the glass fibers, and a corresponding reduction in the risks of rupture of the glass fibers.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to use the excellent mechanical properties of the unidirectional wicks of glass fibers, conferring excellent mechanical properties on composite articles made by molding such a reinforcement.
  • the bonding layer of which certain fiber sections penetrate and adhere to the fibers of the reinforcing layer, provides a sufficient temporary retention of the glass strands of the reinforcing layer after manufacture and before use of the molding reinforcement, conferring on the molding reinforcement a satisfactory coherence.
  • the penetrating and adherent fiber bonding layer makes it possible to maintain the glass strands with only a small amount of material other than glass, that is to say by maximizing the relative amount of glass in the reinforcement. molding.
  • the bonding layer may be particularly thin, in the form of a web of fibers, for example with a basis weight of about 25 to 30 g / m 2 .
  • the strands of glass strands may advantageously have a titer of between 2,400 and 4,800 tex approximately.
  • the glass strands may advantageously be formed of an assembly of filaments having a unit diameter of between about 14 microns and about 17 microns.
  • the glass strands of the wicks may have a unitary title of 40 to 80 tex approximately.
  • the reinforcing layer is bonded to a single heat-fusible surface fiber bonding layer.
  • the reinforcing layer is bonded to two heat-fusible surface fiber bonding layers disposed on either side of the reinforcing layer.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise a layer of glass threads of approximately 160 to 200 tex, parallel and oriented perpendicularly to the wicks, and / or a layer of glass fibers cut at approximately 50 mm, in bulk at all orientations, according to a weight of Approximately 50 to 80 g / m 2 .
  • the molding reinforcement according to the invention may have a grammage of between 400 and 1800 g / m 2 . This provides a good compromise between the thickness of the molding reinforcement and its deformation capacity before molding. For example, with five locks of 2400 tex per cm is produced a weight of 1200 g / m 2 .
  • step a) a second web of chemical fibers with a hot-melt surface is placed on the support, constituting a second bonding layer, and then the strands of glass strands on the second bonding layer; in step c), a light double-sided switch is made.
  • step a) In the case of an intermediate layer reinforcement, between step a) and step b), the pre-cut yarns or glass fibers of the intermediate layer are placed on the reinforcing layer.
  • needles are used whose driving barbs are placed in a diametral plane parallel to the direction of the son son of glass strands. In this way, it is avoided to break the glass son, and it is guaranteed to obtain a reinforcement providing a high mechanical strength to composite articles made from such a reinforcement.
  • a molding reinforcement 1 according to the invention comprises two fiber layers, namely a reinforcing layer 2 and a bonding layer 3.
  • the reinforcing layer 2 comprises strands of glass threads, such as the strands 2a, 2b, 2c ( figure 5 ), which are parallel and arranged side by side in a single layer of wicks.
  • the figure 2 represents such a wick 2a or wire bundle such as son 20a, 20b, 20c, generally parallel to each other.
  • the continuous wires 20a, 20b, 20c are normally in contact with each other.
  • the wick 2a is illustrated partially exploded, the son 20a, 20b, 20c deviating from each other in the right part of the figure, for a better understanding of the wick structure.
  • the wires 20a, 20b, 20c remain in contact with each other.
  • strands of continuous glass strands 20a ( figure 3 ), from a coil or "roving".
  • the son are formed of an assembly of filaments such as filaments 200a, 200b, 200c whose unit diameter is between about 14 microns and about 17 microns.
  • the unitary title of the glass strands 20a, 20b, 20c may for example be between 40 and 80 tex, by assembling about 50 glass filaments.
  • the wires 20a, 20b, 20c are actually formed of a sufficient number of filaments to prevent them from breaking during handling and use according to the invention, it being observed that the isolated filaments, in the size in which they usually come out of manufacturing, are too fragile for such manipulations and uses.
  • strands of cut glass strands having a length of about 10 cm to about 100 cm, are advantageously chosen, the strands being able to be offset longitudinally. relative to each other to overlap each other, and remaining each formed of an assembly of filaments.
  • the length of such son is sufficient to ensure good mechanical properties to the composite article made by molding this molding reinforcement 1, and the elongation capacity improves the adaptation to a pre-existing object, for example to a tube for the covering of its outer or inner surface.
  • This embodiment allows for example an application to the renovation of pipes in the basement.
  • the bonding layer 3 comprises fiber sections 3a with a hot-melt surface.
  • the fiber sections 3a with a hot-melt surface may be of any material having a sufficiently low melting temperature and good bonding properties with the glass strands 20a, 20b, 20c of the reinforcing layer 2.
  • the fiber sections 3a with a hot-melt surface may be two-component chemical fibers, comprising a central core in polyamide, polyester or polypropylene, and an outer sheath of copolyester, polyethylene or any other material having a lower melting temperature than that of the central core.
  • Good results can be obtained by using a central core made of polyester and an outer sheath made of copolyester, or a central core of polypropylene and an outer sheath of polyethylene.
  • Other pairs of materials can be used as coaxial two-component fibers: polypropylene and copolypropylene, polypropylene and ethyl vinyl acetate.
  • the central core of the two-component fiber has a higher melting temperature than the outer sheath, an accidental risk of complete melting of the first sections of hot-melt-surface fibers is avoided during the manufacture of the molding reinforcement.
  • the hot-melt fiber sections are, by excessively high or poorly controlled heating, completely melted, forming uniform or impervious layers. to the resin by spreading their constituent material on the upper and lower faces of the reinforcing layer 2.
  • the core of the bi-component fibers is not (or very little) impaired, and the properties of the tie layer 3 are thus preserved.
  • bi-component hot-melt surface fibers outer sheath and central core reduces the polyolefin content of the molding reinforcement 1. This is advantageous, the resin being incompatible with the polyolefins.
  • the fiber sections 3a with a hot-melt surface of the connecting layer 3 at least some of these sections, for example the penetrating sections 3b on the figure 1 , penetrate along part of their length in the reinforcing layer 2 and partially adhere to each other and to the glass strands 20a, 20b, 20c of the reinforcing layer 2.
  • the penetrating sections 3b of fibers are regularly distributed along the surface of the molding reinforcement 1, for example at a surface density of 5 to 10 sections per cm 2 of molding reinforcement, and ensure cohesion of the assembly, while retaining the deformability and flexibility properties of the molding reinforcement 1.
  • the molding reinforcement 1 according to the invention can be produced in the form of a continuous strip which is packaged in a long coil.
  • the wicks 2a, 2b, 2c are formed of continuous glass strands 20a, 20b, 20c and are oriented in the direction of the strip length, or warp direction.
  • a ply of strands of glass strands is deposited on a flat support to constitute the reinforcing layer 2
  • a layer of fibers with a hot-melt surface is deposited on the reinforcing layer 2 to constitute the bonding layer 3.
  • the assembly thus obtained is subjected to a light needling which penetrates at least 3b of the fiber sections 3a with hot-melt surface of the bonding layer in the reinforcing layer 2, the whole is heated to a temperature sufficient to soften the thermofusible portion of the penetrating sections 3b of thermofusible surface fibers and to ensure after cooling their bonding to the glass son 20a, 20b, 20c of the reinforcing layer 2.
  • the figure 4 schematically illustrates the light needling operation, in which one distinguishes needles 8 of pre-needling, which cause penetrating sections 3b of hot-melt surface fibers to penetrate the reinforcing layer 2.
  • the light needling carried out for example produces a surface density of perforations of about 5 to 10 perforations per cm 2 . This must be compared to needling processes which typically achieve densities at least 10 times higher.
  • the light needling allows a large flow during the manufacture of the molding reinforcement according to the invention.
  • the entrainment barbs such as the barbs 8a and 8b of the needles 8 are placed in a diametral plane containing the axis of the needle and parallel to the direction D of the son of the strands of threads. glass such as wick 2a. Due to the axial movement (arrow 8c) of the needle 8 during needling, the barbs 8a and 8b pass through the locks 2a by spacing the wires 20a, 20b, 20c ( figure 2 ) without breaking them.
  • the light needling performed is sufficient to ensure cohesion during the transfer of the molding reinforcement blank to a next work station, but it is insufficient to ensure the final cohesion of the molding reinforcement 1 and it is still not transportable at the exit of the needling machine for use as reinforcement.
  • the heating which is carried out after the light needling operation makes it possible to soften the hot-melt surface layer of the penetrating sections 3b of fibers of the tie layer 3 to make it adherent.
  • the penetrating sections 3b of fibers which have been driven by the light needling needles 8 adhere to the glass strands 20a, 20b, 20c of the reinforcement layer 2.
  • the various layers 2, 3 of the molding reinforcement 1 are thus bonded together by the 3b needled and glued fibers.
  • the molding reinforcement 1 is then transportable.
  • the heating is set to soften and adhere the penetrating sections 3b of hot-melt surface fibers, but without melting them.
  • FIG 8 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the molding reinforcement according to the invention.
  • This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment of the figure 1 by the additional presence of a second bonding layer 4 on the other side of the reinforcing layer 2.
  • Each bonding layer 3 or 4 is based on hot-melt surface fibers.
  • thermofusible surface fibers are found which solidify the layers 2, 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a third embodiment of the molding reinforcement according to the invention.
  • This third embodiment differs from the first embodiment of the figure 1 by the additional presence of an intermediate layer 5 of glass threads between the reinforcing layer 2 and the bonding layer 3.
  • the intermediate layer 5 comprises a layer 5a of glass threads of about 160 to 200 tex, parallel and oriented perpendicular to the wicks 2a, 2b and 2c, that is to say in the weft direction, and continuous along the entire width of the reinforcement.
  • the intermediate layer 5 comprises a layer 5b of glass fibers cut about 50 mm, in bulk at all orientations, with a weight of 50 to 80 g / m 2 approximately.
  • the intermediate layer 5 comprises a layer 5a of glass yarns in the weft direction and a layer 5b of glass fibers cut in bulk.
  • This third embodiment is suitable for applications requiring transverse reinforcement in the weft direction, and can improve the surface regularity of the composite article.
  • thermofusible surface fibers are found which solidify the layers 2, 3 and 5.
  • the basis weight of the molding reinforcement 1 is between about 400 and 1,800 g / m 2 .
  • the molding reinforcement 1 according to the invention can find advantageous applications in the manufacture of long composite parts, in particular wind turbine blades.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Formteilverstärkung (1) aus einer auf Fasern basierenden Einlage, umfassend:
    - eine erste Schicht von Fasern (2),
    - wenigstens eine Verbindungsschicht (3) aus Faserteilen (3a) mit einer thermoschmelzbaren Oberfläche, die mit der ersten Schicht von Fasern (2) verbunden ist,
    - wobei wenigstens einige (3b) Faserteile (3a) mit der thermoschmelzbaren Oberfläche in die erste Schicht von Fasern (2) mit einem Teil ihrer Länge eindringen und teilweise aneinander sowie an den Fasern der ersten Schicht von Fasern (2) haften, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die erste Schicht von Fasern (2) Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) von Glasfasern (20a, 20b, 20c) enthält, die parallel verlaufen und Seite an Seite zur Einlage angeordnet sind, die auf diese Weise eine Verstärkungslage bilden.
  2. Formteilverstärkung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) aus Glasfasern einen Feingehalt in einem Bereich von 2 400 bis 4 800 tex besitzen.
  3. Formteilverstärkung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glasfasern (20a, 20b, 20c) der Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) aus einer Zusammensetzung von Fäden gebildet sind, die einen einheitlichen Durchmesser in einem Bereich von ungefähr 14 µm und ungefähr 17 µm besitzen.
  4. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glasfasern (20a, 20b, 20c) der Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) einen einheitlichen Feingehalt in einem Bereich von ungefähr 40 bis 80 tex besitzen.
  5. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eindringenden Faserteile mit einer Oberflächendichte von 5 bis 10 Teilen pro cm2 der Formteilverstärkung verteilt sind.
  6. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Zwischenlage (5) von Glasfasern zwischen der Schicht von Fasern (2) und der Verbindungsschicht (3) enthält.
  7. Formteilverstärkung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenschicht (5) eine Schicht(5a) von Glasfasern von ungefähr 160 bis 200 tex enthält, die parallel zueinander und rechtwinklig zu den Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) ausgerichtet sind, und/oder eine Schicht (5b) von Glasfasern, die auf eine ungefähre Länge von 50 mm abgeschnitten sind und einem Flächengewicht mit einer Schüttung in allen Ausrichtungen mit ungefähr 50 und 80 g/m2 enthält.
  8. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstärkungsschicht (2) mit einer einzelnen Verbindungsschicht (3) aus Fasern mit thermoschmelzbarer Oberfläche verbunden ist.
  9. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstärkungsschicht (2) mit zwei Verbindungsschichten (3, 4) aus Fasern mit thermoschmelzbarer Oberfläche verbunden ist, die beiderseits der Verstärkungsschicht (2) angeordnet sind.
  10. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Flächengewicht zwischen 400 und 1 800 g/m2 aufweist.
  11. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in Form eines auf einer Bobine aufgebrachtes kontinuierliches Band ausgebildet ist, wobei die Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) aus kontinuierlichen Glasfasern (20a, 20b, 20c) ausgebildet sind und in Längsrichtung des Bandes ausgerichtet sind.
  12. Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie die Form eines auf eine Bobine aufgebrachten kontinuierlichen Bandes haben, wobei die Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) auf eine Länge von 10 bis 100 cm zerstückelten und in Längsrichtung des Bandes ausgerichteten Glasfasern gebildet sind.
  13. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, umfassend die Schritte:
    a) Anordnen einer Vielzahl von Strähnen (2a, 2b, 2c) aus parallelen Glasfasern auf einem Träger, zum Herstellen einer Einlage aus Strähnen aus Glasfasern, die eine Verstärkungsschicht (2) bilden,
    b) Anordnen eines eine Verbindungsschicht (3) bildenden Netzes aus chemischen Fasern mit einer thermoschmelzbaren Oberfläche (3a) auf der Verstärkungsschicht (2),
    c) Anwenden einer leichten Vernadelung zum Eindringen lassen von Teilen (3b) der Fasern mit der schmelzbaren Oberfläche der Verbindungsschicht (3) in die Verstärkungsschicht (2),
    d) Aufheizen des Aufbaus auf eine ausreichende Temperatur, um die Fasern mit der schmelzbaren Oberfläche (3a) aufzuweichen und in einen klebrigen Zustand zu überführen,
    e) Kaltwalzen des Aufbaus.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Schrittes c) der leichten Vernadelung Nadeln (8) verwendet werden, deren Antriebsbärte (8a, 8b) in einer Ebene entgegengesetzt parallel zur Richtung (D) der Fasern der Strähnen aus Glasfasern (2a, 2b, 2c) angeordnet sind.
  15. Anwendung einer Formteilverstärkung nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 zur Fertigung von Schaufeln für Windkraftanlagen oder anderen langen Elementen aus Verbundmaterialien.
EP10754571.7A 2009-08-21 2010-08-11 Verstärkung stränge parallel glas fasern Not-in-force EP2467518B1 (de)

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FR0904030A FR2949239B1 (fr) 2009-08-21 2009-08-21 Renfort a meche de fils de verre parralleles.
PCT/IB2010/053636 WO2011021134A2 (fr) 2009-08-21 2010-08-11 Renfort á mèches de fils de verre parallèles

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WO2011021134A2 (fr) 2011-02-24
CA2771424A1 (fr) 2011-02-24
FR2949239B1 (fr) 2011-10-28
MX2012002001A (es) 2012-09-12
CN102482815A (zh) 2012-05-30
WO2011021134A3 (fr) 2011-05-12
PL2467518T3 (pl) 2015-04-30
EP2467518A2 (de) 2012-06-27
MY173520A (en) 2020-01-30
PT2467518E (pt) 2015-03-02
FR2949239A1 (fr) 2011-02-25
US20120148790A1 (en) 2012-06-14
BR112012003544A2 (pt) 2016-03-08
JP2013502516A (ja) 2013-01-24
IL218141A0 (en) 2012-06-28

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