EP2466400B1 - Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique - Google Patents

Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2466400B1
EP2466400B1 EP10195412.1A EP10195412A EP2466400B1 EP 2466400 B1 EP2466400 B1 EP 2466400B1 EP 10195412 A EP10195412 A EP 10195412A EP 2466400 B1 EP2466400 B1 EP 2466400B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
display means
mechanical
activation
mechanical display
coupling device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10195412.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2466400A1 (fr
Inventor
David Hoover
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP10195412.1A priority Critical patent/EP2466400B1/fr
Priority to US13/314,433 priority patent/US8737174B2/en
Priority to JP2011275326A priority patent/JP5475749B2/ja
Priority to KR1020110136823A priority patent/KR101354339B1/ko
Priority to CN201110425174.9A priority patent/CN102662316B/zh
Publication of EP2466400A1 publication Critical patent/EP2466400A1/fr
Priority to HK13102984.9A priority patent/HK1175859A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2466400B1 publication Critical patent/EP2466400B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/02—Back-gearing arrangements between gear train and hands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor
    • G04C3/146—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor incorporating two or more stepping motors or rotors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C17/00—Indicating the time optically by electric means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of analog display devices. It relates in particular to timepieces provided with a display made using mechanical devices.
  • time-setting devices actuated by a ring connected kinematically to the watchwheel of the watch in its axial position corresponding to the setting mode are known.
  • time with gear gear ratios determined to move the minute hand quickly and easily without having to rotate the crown either too long or often.
  • correction devices for digital display using a corona equipped with sensors as an actuating element and an electronic coupling device for making a correction at a speed which is a function of that of rotation of the crown, as for example.
  • the electronic circuit described in the patent GB 2019049 the correction speeds are constant between different bearings corresponding to rotational speeds of the crown, but can change abruptly with each increment.
  • no correction takes place between two successive movements of the ring, and no mechanism is provided to slow the scrolling of the counter used for the correction.
  • a fine adjustment involves a repetition of low amplitude operations by the user, in order to generate the lowest correction speed possible. This proves on the one hand inconvenient, and on the other hand does not allow to overcome a jerky movement of needles.
  • the Swiss patent CH 641630 describes an electronic device for scrolling symbols at a variable speed in response to the activation of a sensor (movement of a finger on a touch sensor, pressure on a pusher).
  • the number of activations of the sensors and the duration of these activations have the effect of incrementing or decrementing values contained in a register, which in turn determine a proportional scrolling speed. Decrementing the values of the register after a prolonged inactivation of the sensors makes it possible to progressively reduce the speed of scrolling; however, this slowing down of the scrolling speed still lacks fluidity since the relative variations of the scrolling speed are even greater than the values of the register are close to zero.
  • This solution has the advantage of using sensors without mechanical parts; the disadvantage is that the use is less intuitive than a traditional crown. Moreover, this solution only concerns digital displays and does not apply to watches comprising analog display devices.
  • the document US4261048 discloses a quartz watch provided with an electronic circuit capable of making rapid corrections without the aid of a dedicated mechanical adjustment train, for which two predetermined correction speeds are possible: a first at 64 Hz for a coarse adjustment, and a second at 2Hz for fine tuning.
  • the speed of correction of the needles is however not variable, and it is necessary to activate the crown a second time, while the needles are moving during the rough adjustment, to stop them and then to be able to make a fine adjustment.
  • the document US4470707 an electronic watch with an alarm mode and which has an electronic circuit for quickly switching from the display mode of the current time to that of the display of the alarm schedule at an accelerated speed after having chosen the minimum trajectory to be made for the needles.
  • No acceleration or deceleration phase is however provided for the hands during the change of display mode, which is performed at a fast but constant speed, and the hands are immediately stopped when a value match is found in registers associated with the positioning of the needles.
  • the document EP0361015 which relates to a quartz watch provided with a Lavet type bipolar stepper motor, discloses an integrated circuit and a low impedance control coil arranged to make corrections faster than in conventional quartz watches, for which the speed of correction is limited to 60Hz for questions of stability of the rotor. However, the correction speed is still constant here and no phase of acceleration or deceleration can be controlled for the hands, the control push button being only intended to actuate the fast-forward or fast-return mode, for which the rotational speeds are predetermined.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solution free from the drawbacks of the prior art evoked.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a device and a correction method faster and more intuitive for the user while preserving the approach of a completely mechanical solution.
  • Another advantage of the proposed solution is to minimize the manipulations necessary for the adjustment, only sporadic activations of the control member being necessary to adjust the position of the display members.
  • the control of the adjustment operations is improved thanks to the possibility of acting not only to accelerate the speed of correction but also to decelerate this same speed.
  • An additional advantage of the proposed solution is to allow simultaneous adjustment of several display parameters, contrary to the usual sequential settings for electronic watches.
  • the time saved by the invention for the correction by a continuous movement of the display means between the activation periods of the activation means gives the ability to move for example the hour and minute hands at the same time , according to the intuitive approach of a classic mechanical watch, without a large correction taking a long time to the eyes of the user.
  • the proposed solution does not require any particular resolution of sensors to increment the display values.
  • the fluidity of the adjustment is ensured in particular by the fact that it is not a correction speed which is deduced from the movements of the control member, or detected by a sensor, but the acceleration of the display member. This therefore makes it possible to generate a continuous speed of the display member, in accordance with the movement of a mechanical member according to Newtonian laws of physics. This speed has only slight variations between different periods of actuation of the control member, and the proposed solution therefore undergoes no threshold effect at the sensor resulting in jerks for the movements of the organs d display.
  • the present invention relates to a coupling device between two parts, at least one of which is mechanical and the other is mechanical or linked to a sensor.
  • the coupling device creates an interdependent relationship for the mutual operation of these parts; it is thus possible to generate the movement of a part, unilaterally or bilaterally from that of the other.
  • the invention relates both to a coupling device comprising electronic elements, as well as a totally mechanical coupling device, that is to say without any electronic circuit.
  • a kinematic connection between activation means in the form of a mechanical control member and the display means, typically a crown and needles in the context of a conventional timepiece.
  • activation means in the form of a mechanical control member and the display means, typically a crown and needles in the context of a conventional timepiece.
  • a kinematic connection of freewheel type can be obtained thanks to an inverting wheel whose one gear is engaged with a gear actuated by the crown, while the other gear is secured to a mass disk on which is fixed the minute hand, the hour hand being actuated then via a conventional timer train.
  • the mass disk rotates freely around its axis of rotation and that of the pinion which is integral with it as soon as the crown is no longer actuated, and the friction forces gradually reduce the speed of rotation of the disk and therefore that of the minute hand when the crown is no longer actuated.
  • FIGS. Figures 1A and 1B respectively show the logical structure of the coupling device 3 as well as the various parameters used and the different calculation steps performed by various elements of the coupling device 3 to transform the movement of the control means 1 into a non-proportional movement of the means of display, unlike a traditional mechanical wheel.
  • the Figure 1A shows the preferred structure of the activation means 1, in the form of a ring 11, whose actuation can be effected in two opposite directions of rotation S1 and S2, and that of the display means 2, in the form
  • the coupling device 3 according to the invention to other types of mechanical display members 2, such as rings or drums.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to transform a first angular velocity 111 corresponding to that of driving the ring 11 in a given direction of rotation, for example S1, at another angular speed 211 of the minute hand 21.
  • the two angular speeds 111 and 211 are not proportional, since the minute hand 211 is progressively accelerated following the activation of the ring 11 in the direction S1 according to a Newtonian equation movement 700 described later, which also allows to confer a continuous character to the movement of the needles.
  • the coupling device 3 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. Figure 1A comprises an electronic circuit 31 preferably in the form of an integrated circuit comprising a processing unit 5, comprising for example a microcontroller, and a motor control circuit 6.
  • the microcontroller transforms digital input parameters, provided by a counter module 44 at the output of a sensor 4 of movements of the activation means 1, for example the rotation of the ring 11, information for the control circuit of the motors 6, such as a number of steps engines.
  • the counter module 44 makes it possible to transform the electrical signals produced by the sensor 4 into discrete digital values, and thus manipulated by a software processing unit such as the microcontroller. The latter is however not described in detail because known to those skilled in the art.
  • the control circuit 6 controls two separate motors, a first motor 61 being dedicated to controlling the movements of the minute hand 21, and a second motor 62 being dedicated to controlling the hour hand 22.
  • the coupling device 3 thus simultaneously actuates a plurality of motors 61, 62 each dedicated to separate mechanical display means.
  • the dissociation of the engines makes it possible to quickly change the display mode, by indicating, for example, the time of an alarm, or the direction of the terrestrial magnetic field.
  • the preferred embodiment carries out the coupling between the activation means 1, preferably mechanical, but which can also take the form of, for example, a capacitive sensor, such as a touch screen, and a display 2 by means of a sensor module 4. which makes it possible to characterize the movement of the activation means 1, preferably a ring 11, by numerical values, namely a number of pulses.
  • This step of determining a pulse frequency 4001 is a digitization process necessary to provide an input parameter that can be manipulated by the electronic circuit 31, which can then simulate the movement of the mechanical display means as if it were determined by the application of a torque 401 'proportional to the pulse frequency 401.
  • this fluid friction torque 703 "is however fictitious, and simulated by the microcontroller 5 in the context of the Newtonian equation 700 above, it is also not applied directly to the minute hand 21, but at the simulated speed of the minute hand 703 also used to solve the Newtonian equation 700 above.
  • the actual angular speed of the needles and according to the preferred embodiment chosen the angular speed of the minute hand 211, is necessarily limited because of the constraints of system in terms of processing capabilities.
  • the first and second motors 61, 62 can only implement a predetermined maximum number of steps per second, and therefore there is always a maximum frequency 611 'of no motors from which no further acceleration is possible. possible.
  • the maximum frequency of motor nozzles 611 'of the first motor 61 controlling the minute hand 21 is preferably between 200 and 1000 Hz, which corresponds to a maximum speed of rotation of the minute hand 21 between approximately one and five turns per second when a complete dial turn corresponds to 180 engine pitch. It may be noted that whatever the embodiment chosen for the invention involving the use of an electronic circuit 31, a maximum running speed of the mechanical display means 2 must always be defined according to the processing capabilities of the device. motor control circuit 6.
  • the Figure 2A shows a preferred embodiment of the sensor 4 according to the invention, which makes it possible to relatively simply determine a pulse frequency 401 used by the electronic circuit 31 to calculate the values of acceleration and deceleration of the mechanical display means 1 by solving the Newtonian equation 700 applied to this input parameter.
  • the sensor 4 is mounted on a rod 41, integral in rotation with the ring 11, and which can be rotated in two opposite directions S1 and S2.
  • a plurality of electrical contactors 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 4 are mounted at the periphery of electrical contactors 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 4 in number according to a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2A .
  • the sensor 4 furthermore comprises two electrical contacts 42, 43 mounted on a fixed structure, a first contact 42 on the terminals of which the value of an output signal 412 is measured and a second contact 43 on the terminals of which the value of an output signal 413 when a voltage is applied to the electrical contactors 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d.
  • the Figure 2B shows, in the upper part (a) the first and second signals 412 and 413 obtained during a rotation of the ring 11 in the direction of rotation S1, corresponding to the direction of clockwise.
  • the first period 401a corresponding to the duration during which each signal 412, 413 is positive
  • the second period 401b during which each signal 412, 413 is zero
  • the third total period 401c corresponding to the sum of the first and second periods 401a, 401b are identical for each of the first and second output signals 412, 413, which are simply offset in time by an amount corresponding to the path of one of the electrical contacts 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d of the first contact 42 to contact 43 e 2 external.
  • the diagram is inverted in the lower part (b) of the figure, in which the ring 11 is rotated counterclockwise S2, and the slot of the first output signal 412 is formed before that of the second signal
  • These signals 412, 413 and their periods 401a, 401b, 401c are then transmitted to the counter module 44 to be converted into digital values.
  • the use of such a contactor to determine the pulse frequency 401 applied to the Newtonian equation 700 has the further advantage of not requiring any fine resolution of the sensor 4 to guarantee the fluidity of the correction, since the speed determined by solving this equation is always continuous even if the acceleration is not.
  • a less fine resolution of the granularity of the torque values, proportional to the pulse frequency 401 will not have the consequence of advancing the display means 2 in jerks, but simply to generate more frank accelerations. following the detection of each additional pulse.
  • the figure 3 shows a state diagram for different sequences of time setting operations using needles according to a preferred embodiment of the invention applied to a timepiece.
  • Those skilled in the art will understand that it is however possible to adjust other types of parameters that are not necessarily temporal (that is to say, all types of symbols) and that the needles could be replaced by others.
  • analog display devices are not necessarily temporal (that is to say, all types of symbols) and that the needles could be replaced by others.
  • Step 1001 corresponds to a first activation of the ring 11, which makes it possible to generate the movement of the minute hand 21.
  • the sensor 4 detects a number of pulses 401 "positive" corresponding to a positive angular velocity 111 for the ring 11 and simulates the application of a torque applied to the needle in the same direction.
  • the rotation of the ring 11 in the direction S1 of the clockwise allows to advance the minute hand 21 on the dial. Repeated rotation of the ring 11 in the same direction S1 makes it possible to keep the pulse frequency 401 positive during the successive sampling periods used by the counter module 44, and thus to further accelerate the movement of the needle 21.
  • a maximum simulated angular velocity 7031 is determined as a function of the maximum engine pitch frequency 611 '. Since the algorithm solving the Newtonian equation reaches this upper velocity limit, it saturates, that is to say stops increasing the simulated angular velocity 703 even if the algorithm were to give a result of a value higher.
  • the diagram of the figure 3 illustrates the comparison step 5003 performed by the microcontroller 5 to determine if the speed saturates, in which case the simulated angular velocity 703 is limited to the maximum value 7031 and the angular acceleration 703 'is zero for the sampling period on which the calculation was done.
  • the feedback loop starting from the comparison step 5003 to a positive acceleration value 703 ' indicates that no saturation occurs until the maximum simulated angular velocity 7031 has been reached.
  • step 1001 has been described in the context of activation of the ring 11 in the direction of rotation S1 of the clockwise to preferably advance the minute hand 21 in the same direction, it is possible to also to ensure that activation of the ring 11 in the opposite direction S2 similarly turn the hands of minutes 21 and hours 22 in the opposite direction, the number of pulses 401 being calculated identically for each period of sampling but the information on the direction of rotation determined by the sensor 4 makes it possible to choose the direction of rotation applied to the hands by the first and second motors 61, 62.
  • the solution proposed here that the movement applied to the mechanical display means is the result of an acceleration that depends on the speed of the crown, is very robust against a low resolution crown.
  • the movement remains fluid, even if the user advances the crown by blows. If a user rotates the crown by successive strokes, the corrections continue between shots. This brings a significant time saving in the case where the mechanical display means are not very efficient.
  • a simultaneous adjustment of the hour hand 22 and minutes 21 according to a fully mechanical approach, in which the minute hand rotates completely for each time change, is made possible at an acceptable speed for the user even for a relatively slow system.
  • the activation step 1001 therefore makes it possible to simultaneously adjust the hour hand 22 and the minute hand 21, which is particularly advantageous for watches where each parameter is usually set sequentially for performance reasons.
  • Step 1001 ' is a step subordinate to step 1001, or more generally any activation step, which it follows immediately.
  • This is a step during which the ring 11, or more generally the control means 1, ceases to be activated.
  • the modeling of the invention makes that no external torque is applied to the system since the detected pulse frequency 401 is zero, which depends inter alia on the sampling period chosen at the level of the electronic sensor interface, formed here by the counter module 44 to determine the pulse frequency 401.
  • the resolution of this Newtonian equation 700 determines the slowdown of the inertial type of the display member, for example the minute hand 21 in the embodiment described above, since the deceleration is only proportional to the simulated angular velocity 703. During this slowdown of the inertial type, the system is in the first deceleration phase B1 illustrated on FIG. figure 3 .
  • the ring 11 is turned in the opposite direction S2 during an additional actuating step 1002, the angular acceleration 703 'is always negative, but the deceleration B2, illustrated on the figure 3 , is more pronounced because the sign of the fictitious torque 401 'becomes negative, acting with the angular acceleration 703' to slow down the system more quickly.
  • Actuation of the ring 11 in the opposite direction makes it possible to further refine the adjustment by means of the additional activation step 1002 when approaching a desired value while the angular velocity is at that moment. there relatively high, because the second phase of deceleration B2 which is generated is more pronounced than the first deceleration phase B1 which occurs only during a prolonged inactivation of the crown 11.
  • the first activation step 1001 is therefore always followed by an acceleration phase A of mechanical means of display 2, and first of all the minute hand 21 for which the acceleration is most noticeable.
  • This acceleration phase A ends when the motor control circuit 6 detects that a maximum frequency has been reached, in this case that of step 611 'of the first motor 61, in which case it follows a phase C during which the simulated angular velocity 703 is limited to the maximum angular velocity value 7031.
  • the minute hand 21 is therefore constant, bounded by the maximum frequency 611 'of pitch of the first motor 61.
  • the proportionality coefficients defining the moments applied to the system in the Newtonian equation of the motion 700 may preferably be chosen, together with the maximum value of motor steps 611 'of the first motor 61, so that the angular acceleration value 703 is always positive as soon as at least one pulse 401 is detected per second, or the value chosen for the lapse of time respectively. of time above, so that the effective angular velocity 211 always remains constant if the ring 11 is activated at least once per second as soon as the maximum angular velocity 21 has been reached.
  • the acceleration phase A means display 1 is followed most of the time by a phase C during which the speed of scrolling means display 2 is constant when the deviation of the display value displayed when the setting is undertaken and the value that is desired to achieve is important. If the control means are not activated during a determined period of time, the first deceleration phase B1 of the display means 2 takes place following this prolonged inactivation; otherwise a second phase of deceleration B2 more pronounced can be actuated during an additional activation step 1002 of the control means in the opposite direction to that used during the initial activation step 1001.
  • a second activation step 1002 depends on the user's preferences of the display device in terms of the scrolling speed and the moment from which he wishes to make a finer adjustment of or display elements. analog.
  • the coupling solution of mechanical display and control means according to the invention therefore allows increased control throughout the adjustment operations by being able to accelerate and / or decelerate at any time the scrolling or mechanical display elements. Moreover, the speed variations are much more progressive than according to the solutions of the prior art where the speeds are directly deduced from sensor values.
  • the determination of an acceleration in place of a speed from the magnitudes of a sensor makes it possible to fluidize the movement of the mechanical display elements.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
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EP10195412.1A 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique Active EP2466400B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10195412.1A EP2466400B1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique
US13/314,433 US8737174B2 (en) 2010-12-16 2011-12-08 Inertial motion of a mechanical display member
JP2011275326A JP5475749B2 (ja) 2010-12-16 2011-12-16 結合デバイス
KR1020110136823A KR101354339B1 (ko) 2010-12-16 2011-12-16 기계적 디스플레이 부재의 관성 운동
CN201110425174.9A CN102662316B (zh) 2010-12-16 2011-12-16 机械显示部件的惯性运动
HK13102984.9A HK1175859A1 (en) 2010-12-16 2013-03-11 Inertial motion of a mechanical display member

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10195412.1A EP2466400B1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2466400A1 EP2466400A1 (fr) 2012-06-20
EP2466400B1 true EP2466400B1 (fr) 2019-01-16

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EP10195412.1A Active EP2466400B1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Mouvement inertiel d'un organe d'affichage mécanique

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US8737174B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP2466400B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP5475749B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR101354339B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN102662316B (ko)
HK (1) HK1175859A1 (ko)

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EP3012692A1 (en) * 2014-10-20 2016-04-27 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Position sensor and method for determining a position of a timepiece setting stem
US10365807B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2019-07-30 Apple Inc. Control of system zoom magnification using a rotatable input mechanism
DK201670595A1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-01-22 Apple Inc Configuring context-specific user interfaces
US11435830B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2022-09-06 Apple Inc. Content-based tactile outputs
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JP7110886B2 (ja) 2018-10-02 2022-08-02 カシオ計算機株式会社 回転検出装置及び電子時計
CN112213940B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-09-28 西安易朴通讯技术有限公司 可穿戴设备
CN112051980B (zh) * 2020-10-13 2022-06-21 浙江大学 一种基于牛顿迭代法的非线性激活函数计算装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120155223A1 (en) 2012-06-21
JP2012127967A (ja) 2012-07-05
US8737174B2 (en) 2014-05-27
CN102662316A (zh) 2012-09-12
JP5475749B2 (ja) 2014-04-16
KR101354339B1 (ko) 2014-01-22
KR20120067972A (ko) 2012-06-26
CN102662316B (zh) 2015-06-10
HK1175859A1 (en) 2013-07-12
EP2466400A1 (fr) 2012-06-20

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